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Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans...

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Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans (William Blake)
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Page 1: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Energy

“Energy is the eternal delight.”

Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans

(William Blake)

Page 2: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Overview• Introduction• Implications and Challenges to:

-Institutional Dimension-Economic Dimension-Environmental Dimension-Social Dimension

• Overall Challenges• Recommendations• Conclusion• References

Page 3: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Introduction•Renewable Resources

SolarWindHydro

Goal- Sustainable Energy

•Non-renewable Resources

PetroleumCoal

Natural Gas

Page 4: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Belize’s Energy

http://www.puc.bz/publications/energy%20sector%20diagnostic%20report%20final.pdf

Page 5: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Belize Institutions

• Ministry of Budget Management, Investment and Public Utilities

• The Public Utilities Commission • National Energy Plan

• Office of Electricity Supply

Page 6: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Legislation

• Belize Electricity Board, Act. 1950

• Belize Electricity Limited, Act. 1992

• Public Utilities, Act. 1999

Page 7: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Fortis, Inc• Canada and the Caribbean.

• Subsidiaries

• BEL• BECOL

http://www.bel.com.bz/

Page 8: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

BEL- Belize Electricity Limited

• 70% owned by Fortis, Inc. • 27% Social Security Board• - Generate• - Transmit • - Supply electricity

National Grid = BEL’s diesel generators+ Mollejon Hydro Plant + Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE).

Implications: Foreign dependency

http://www.bel.com.bz/about_companyprofile.asp#

Page 9: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

BECOL

• Belize Electric Company.

• Subsidiary of Fortis, Inc.

• 2034

• Implications:Foreign dependency

http://sanpedrosun.net/old/06-043.html

Page 10: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Belize Sugar Industries Limited• Belize Co-Generation Energy

Limited (Belcogen)= bagasse.

• 61 Million US dollars.

• 27.5 MW capacity co-generation power plant.

http://www.channel5belize.com/archive_detail_story.php?story_id=18182

Page 11: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Challenges for Institutions

• Institutions working together.

• Funding for sustainable projects.

• Implementing policies and regulations.

Page 12: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

MISSION STATEMENT

“Our commitment to our customers…deliver high quality electricity supply to

meet need…at a reasonable rate.”

Have you heard of cheaper electricity rates??

http://www.bel.com.bz/about_mission.asp

Economic Dimension

Page 13: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

HOW DO WE STAND?

• 30% of Belize's population are poor.• April of 2005 showed that the rate of

unemployment was 11%.• Energy prices rising up after the

construction of the dam. With the construction of the dam we were promised cheaper electrical rates.

• What does it mean now that the price in electricity has gone up?

Page 14: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Country

• 85% of Belize's energy comes from Mexico.

• Chalillo (7.5MW) and Mollejon(25MW) plants = 17 cents per kilowatt hour (kWh).

• Mexico = 44 cents per kWh • Diesel generators = 42 cents per

kWh. • Chalillo supposed to save = $4

million dollars annually at current prices but NOT.• Why?

Page 15: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

How does this affect the people?• Economically – there are other bills to pay

at the end of month, lack of jobs that are available.

• If rates are high then this leads to risk of not being able to pay. Resulting in a disconnection.

• Reconnection? • Commercial- $25, • Residential-$10• There’s a price for everything.

Page 16: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Implementations in action

• The P.U.C- To regulate the BEL’S electricity rate

• They ensure that BEL provides customers with safe, reliable, and quality service at a reasonable price.

• National Energy Plan.

Page 17: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Environmental Dimension

Page 18: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Energy Sources and Uses

•Imported fossil fuels (kerosene, gasoline, diesel).•Imported electricity•Biomass•Hydroelectricity Uses•Transportation, generation of electricity, cooking, production, etc.

Page 19: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

ImplicationsEnvironmental Cost of Energy

Production

• Emission of pollutants

• Detrimental effects of accidents

• Alterations of natural ecosystems

Page 20: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Fossil Fuels• Oil is a precious commodity

• Cost of extraction• High energy output

• Emissions of CO2 and other pollutants• Increase in vehicles (5% cars, 8% trucks)

• Degradation of natural ecosystems• Death of corals• State of canals, drains and soil

• Effects of accidents• Oil in Belize…

Page 21: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Fossil Fuels- Transportation

Page 22: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Challenges• No energy policy

• Lack of comprehensive studies done

• Lack of finances and trained personnel

• Lack of adequate equipment

Page 23: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Biomass- Implications & Challenges

• Many still use firewood• Increased deforestation (2.3%),

(Young, 2006)• Loss of habitat and ecosystem services

However• Though plentiful sources-lack of

infrastructure to meet demand• In adequate staff to manage• Poverty

Page 24: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Hydroelectricity: Implications & Challenges

• Controls floods• Produces power without emissions• Disrupts seasonal changes in river

and natural ecosystems• Biomagnifications of mercury in fishHowever,• Corruption• Proper research

Page 25: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

RecommendationsNational• Old model vehicles have higher

import duty• Develop National Energy Policy• Poverty Alleviation Plan• Education• Invest in alternative sourcesIndividual• Carpooling• Educated consumers

Page 26: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Social Dimension

Page 27: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Social Dimension of Energy• Look not simply at GDP but also at

distribution of resources and opportunity across society.

• HDI- life expectancy, adult literacy and enrolment at the primary, secondary and tertiary level and a decent standard of living (measured by purchasing power parity, PPP, income).

• Belize’s HDI is 95.

Page 28: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

http://www.lib.utah.edu/services/programs/gould/1998/Figure_9.gif

Human Development Index

Page 29: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

SocialEnergy per se is not a need, but it is

absolutely essential to deliver:

• Adequate living conditions• Food*• Water*• Health care • Education• Shelter • Employment

Page 30: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Energy and Food• Energy availability is a key

determinant of:• How and how much food is grown

• How food is cooked

• The health impacts of how food is cooked

Page 31: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Energy and Health• Energy quality directly effects

people.• Fuelwood

• Hydro

• Oil

• Electricity

Page 32: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

ConclusionCurrently, we believe Belize is not meeting

all the sustainable requirements when it comes to energy.

• Institutions• Foreign Dependency• Non-renewable resources;

However, we believe we are moving in the right direction.

Page 33: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Comprehensive Recommendations

• Politics and organizations.

• Implement energy policy.

• Individual efficiency.

Page 34: Energy “Energy is the eternal delight.” Kaetlyn Kerr, Judene Tingling, Shakira Mai, Joanna Evans ( William Blake)

Works Cited

BELCOGEN says power plant project ready to start. (2007). Great Belize Productions, Ltd. http://www.channel5belize.com/archive_detail_story.php?story_id=18182

Belize produces electricity with Chalillo Dam (2006).The Island Newspaper. Ambergris Caye, Belize. Vol. 16, No. 4. http://sanpedrosun.net/old/06-043.html

Blake, William. Energy System and Sustainability- POWER FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE. ( retrieved 09th April,2007)

Central Statistics Office. http://www.cso.gov.bz/

Company Profile. Belize Electricity Limited. (2007). http://www.bel.com.bz/about_companyprofile.asp#

Energy Business Review Online. (2007). http://www.energy-business-review.com/companyprofile.asp?guid=68E3DF3F-4636-46ED-8919680F89B926A8&CType=Background

Guide for Renewable Energy Projects in Belize. (2001) http://www.bun-ca.org/publicaciones/Belize.pdf

Inter-American Investment Corporation. (2006). http://www.iic.int/projects/view.asp?ID=285&origin=results&QS='union=and&viewby=50&startrec=1&pg_151=4&top_parent=151

Mission statement. B.E.L. website: http://www.bel.com.bz/about_mission.asp

National Energy Plan. Public Utility Commission. Website: http://www.puc.bz/nep.asp


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