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Energy & Environmental Energy & Environmental BenchmarkingBenchmarking

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Definition of Definition of BenchmarkingBenchmarking

‘‘The continuous, systematic The continuous, systematic process of comparing the current process of comparing the current

level of performance against a level of performance against a predefined point of reference, predefined point of reference,

the the benchmarkbenchmark, ,

in order to evaluate and improve in order to evaluate and improve performance’performance’

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What is Benchmarking?What is Benchmarking?

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What is Benchmarking?What is Benchmarking?

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Energy & Environmental Energy & Environmental BenchmarkingBenchmarking

• One of the most complex to model and One of the most complex to model and benchmark;benchmark;

• Large range & type of data;Large range & type of data;• Many interrelations between data sets;Many interrelations between data sets;• Can’t readily see it, i.e. electricity and CO2 Can’t readily see it, i.e. electricity and CO2

are invisible and can only be measured;are invisible and can only be measured;• But its impacts however can themselves But its impacts however can themselves

be only too obvious!be only too obvious!

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Energy & Environmental Energy & Environmental Benchmarking (cont’d)Benchmarking (cont’d)

• Other impacts or ways to measure it may Other impacts or ways to measure it may be global warming (temp increases), be global warming (temp increases), extinction of species, etc.extinction of species, etc.

• Rapid increase in public and political Rapid increase in public and political focus. UN Global Reporting Initiative. focus. UN Global Reporting Initiative. Triple Bottom Line Reporting.Triple Bottom Line Reporting.

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Why Benchmark?Why Benchmark?

• Improve energy efficiency and minimise Improve energy efficiency and minimise the consumption of other utilities and the consumption of other utilities and waste streams;waste streams;

• Save the organisation money;Save the organisation money;• Improve the organisations public image Improve the organisations public image

and reputation;and reputation;• Improve employee goodwill, morale, Improve employee goodwill, morale,

productivity and retention;productivity and retention;• Easier to attract external investment - out Easier to attract external investment - out

performing main Dow Jones index by 20%.performing main Dow Jones index by 20%.

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Dow Jones Sustainability Dow Jones Sustainability IndexIndex

• Over 500 companies from 35 Over 500 companies from 35 countries;countries;

• $3,050 billion in assets;$3,050 billion in assets;

• GNI of Australia - $400b, NZ - $51b.GNI of Australia - $400b, NZ - $51b.

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Typical Benchmarking ProcessTypical Benchmarking Process

• Paper based, spreadsheet or simple Paper based, spreadsheet or simple database process;database process;

• Often discrepencies in the data or field Often discrepencies in the data or field definitions;definitions;

• Often not comparing apples with apples;Often not comparing apples with apples;• High level of manual data entry & High level of manual data entry &

therefore potential for errors;therefore potential for errors;• Difficult to correct for many factors;Difficult to correct for many factors;• Historical record – often months old.Historical record – often months old.

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Recent Technical Recent Technical DevelopmentsDevelopments

• The Internet – number of users continuing to The Internet – number of users continuing to increase;increase;

• Massive increase in bandwith for data Massive increase in bandwith for data transfer, e.g. in Wellington – 1GB available;transfer, e.g. in Wellington – 1GB available;

• Other means of communication – wireless, Other means of communication – wireless, TWACS, as well as the traditional landline;TWACS, as well as the traditional landline;

• Smart metering (time of use, pulse output) – Smart metering (time of use, pulse output) – possible remote reading every 5 minutes;possible remote reading every 5 minutes;

• Faster computer processors & database Faster computer processors & database engines, larger storage capacity.engines, larger storage capacity.

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Benchmarking: New ApproachBenchmarking: New Approach

• Internet-Enabled Benchmarking (IEB);Internet-Enabled Benchmarking (IEB);• The ability to build an energy The ability to build an energy

management database that features:management database that features:– Real-time benchmarking with automatic upload Real-time benchmarking with automatic upload

of consumption and BMS data;of consumption and BMS data;– Desktop performance comparison of facilities & Desktop performance comparison of facilities &

processes within own organisation and against processes within own organisation and against others in the same database;others in the same database;

– Seamless & fast corrections for climate, shape, Seamless & fast corrections for climate, shape, occupancy, utlisation, orientation, construction.occupancy, utlisation, orientation, construction.

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ExampleExample

e-Bench™

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What is it?What is it?• A desk top tool using thin client architecture;A desk top tool using thin client architecture;

• Top-down rather than bottom-up approach. Top-down rather than bottom-up approach.

• Allows macro overview and desk top Allows macro overview and desk top

analysis;analysis;

• Provides technical information in an easy to Provides technical information in an easy to understand and easily accessible format;understand and easily accessible format;

• Reports in $$$, kWh, COReports in $$$, kWh, CO22 emissions; emissions;

• Only requires a web-browser for access.Only requires a web-browser for access.

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What does it do?What does it do?

• Checks and reconciles invoices;Checks and reconciles invoices;

• Targeting and Monitoring;Targeting and Monitoring;

• Benchmarks Energy and Utlity use;Benchmarks Energy and Utlity use;

• Normalizes for external factors;Normalizes for external factors;

• Supports TEFMA Space Management Supports TEFMA Space Management analysis;analysis;

• Modelling or Simulation.Modelling or Simulation.

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NormalizationsNormalizations

• Climate (Cooling Degree Days/Heating Climate (Cooling Degree Days/Heating Degree Days) for 25 regions in NZ;Degree Days) for 25 regions in NZ;

• Building Envelope (wall/roof/floor Building Envelope (wall/roof/floor materials, thicknesses, area);materials, thicknesses, area);

• Orientation (north, south facing);Orientation (north, south facing);• Exposure (wind, sun);Exposure (wind, sun);• Shape (ratio of external walls);Shape (ratio of external walls);• Occupancy (hours, staff, equipment used, Occupancy (hours, staff, equipment used,

e.g. PCs, laboratory equip. etc.).e.g. PCs, laboratory equip. etc.).

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Benchmarking OutputsBenchmarking Outputs

• B1: Raw uncorrected benchmark: (total B1: Raw uncorrected benchmark: (total energy use / square metres);energy use / square metres);

• B2: Adjusted for climate (degree days) and B2: Adjusted for climate (degree days) and thermal values of the building’s fabric;thermal values of the building’s fabric;

• B3: Further adjusted for utilisation factors;B3: Further adjusted for utilisation factors;– Lets us determine whether the inefficiencies Lets us determine whether the inefficiencies

are in the fabric, engineering services or are in the fabric, engineering services or operational equipment, e.g. type of PCs.operational equipment, e.g. type of PCs.

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Case Study (1)Case Study (1)

• NZ Ministry of EducationNZ Ministry of Education

• Spends over $30m annually on Spends over $30m annually on heating, lighting and water;heating, lighting and water;

• Pilot utility benchmarking trial of 114 Pilot utility benchmarking trial of 114 schools to ‘reverse benchmark’ or schools to ‘reverse benchmark’ or simulate what a school should simulate what a school should consume in energy and then fund consume in energy and then fund accordingly.accordingly.

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Case Study (2)Case Study (2)

• Dutch Benchmarking CovenantDutch Benchmarking Covenant• Agreement in 1999 between Govt. and Agreement in 1999 between Govt. and

Industry to save 82,000 TJ and 5.7m Industry to save 82,000 TJ and 5.7m tonnes CO2 by 2012 in exchange for no tonnes CO2 by 2012 in exchange for no new energy taxes.new energy taxes.

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SummarySummary

• Energy & Environmental Benchmarking Energy & Environmental Benchmarking has entered a new phase in response to:has entered a new phase in response to:– Changes in social & policy attitudes towards Changes in social & policy attitudes towards

the environment (and energy use);the environment (and energy use);– Technological advances in metering, Technological advances in metering,

communications & processing speed;communications & processing speed;– It is now possible to have benchmarking based It is now possible to have benchmarking based

on real-time data & a basis for day-to-day on real-time data & a basis for day-to-day decision making – continuous improvements.decision making – continuous improvements.

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Thanks and Questions?Thanks and Questions?

• Geoff Bennett, Director, Energy and Geoff Bennett, Director, Energy and Technical ServicesTechnical Services

• Wellington, New Zealand.Wellington, New Zealand.

• Tel: +64 4 384 6121Tel: +64 4 384 6121

• Email: Email: gbennett@energyts.comgbennett@energyts.com

• Web: Web: www.energyts.comwww.energyts.com