energyefficientbuildingdesign-casestudy-cemlale-190515

Istanbul Technical University Energy Institute Energy Science & Technology

EBT 530E Energy Efficient Building Design Spring Semester 2015

Case Study

CASE STUDY ON A TYPICAL VILLAGE HOUSE IN

SAPANCA/DİBEKTAŞ DISTRICT

Cem LALE

1301961010

ABSTRACT

In this Case Study, We will extract previous work, which includes an analysis of a Sample House

located in Sapanca/Dibektaş village. In the first section you will see geographical orientation of the

house, using Google Earth, upcoming sections there will be statistics about Annual Climate

Characteristics of the region and Temperature Graphs can be seen . The Climate type of the region is

CFa, Altitude : 40Mt., Average Annual Temp: 14,3C, Average Rainfall : 740 mm. Upcoming Sections

there will be Simulation program trials on E-Quest and first two simıulations because of missing

input data, such as not possible to upload local Climate conditions, not selected Electric & Gas

Company, there was a limited output can be seen according to limited inputs. Additionally in this

Case study, we tried to locate similar charecteristics especially around 40th parallel in US. We have

found some candidate cities such as Pittsburg, but since the rainfall characteristic and other

specifications is not matched it did not reflect %100 precise information. Howewer we made a

second work to understand output accordingly.

Regarding E Quest, we used 3 design wizard Scenarios , and dimensions of the building can be seen

realistic in upcoming sections. On the other hand, since we have limited options during the selection

of the insulation material, roof etc. parameters will not reflect %100 our sample and simple village

house. Although we’ve got some idea to focus on material usage on the house, since we have options

to concrete and wood.

In the 2nd. Simulation we had a chance to observe some outputs which helped us to understand deeper

information about E-Quest Program.

In the 3rd simulation, we’ve used only local conditions files, cooling and heating loads of the chosen

building for two different Wall Material selection.

1 Istanbul Technical University, Energy Institute, Energy Science & Technology, EBT 530E Energy Efficient

Building Design

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION Page 3 2. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA Page 4

3. CLIMATE Page 5

4. E-QUEST ANALYSIS SIMULATION-1 Page 6



7. CONLUSION Page 47

8. REFERENCES Page 50

3

1. INTRODUCTION

In our mid Term Report, we were studying on a Simple Village House located

near Sapanca Lake, Turkey. In the study basic construction information about this

building was given.

This Study is continuing to work on the Same Area/Building, next Section we’ve

added detailed Climatical information, Temperature graphs and rainfall

analysis,annually.

Also we will make three simulations for similar Structured Buildings which is

created on E-quest, and Compare their Design Wizard Steps.

Our Aim is understand the program capabilities, reportings and how we can get

help using defined design parameters, not only dimensions or Climate Data also

how we can use predefined and standardized information before decide to make

some work in our houses, or Business place.

In the last section, we used only Cad drawing of the House, and used Sapanca

Original Climate files which is directly imported to the E-Quest program,

followings steps we calculated “U” values of the building according to TS825.

And in conclusion part, we managed to compare two different materials in the

same conditions to understand differences in terms of Cooling & Heating analysis.

4

2. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA

As seen in Figure 1. The House has coordinates in below map.

Figure1. Source Google Maps

Figure 2. Satellitewiew: The Building is in the red circle. Source: Google Earth

5

3. CLIMATE

Regarding Climate data, additionally general information which was given in the first

report, here below Annual Climate Graph of Sapanca,

Figure3.Climate Graph- Source Climate-Data.org/AmbiWeb GmbH/OpenStreet/Map

contributors

As seen from the Graph July has lowest rainfall, Average Rain Fall is 740mm. The Altitude

is 40mt., and Climate Classified as : Cfa, which has similarities in some cities in States

which we tried to get some input for E-Quest.

Below Table Shows Temperature Graph, which shows seasonal characteristics:

Figure4. Temperature Values table Source: Climate-Data.org/AmbiWeb

GmbH/OpenStreet/Map contributors

6

4. E-QUEST ANALYSIS-SIMULATION-1

Below Figure Shows 2D Geometry of our Sample house which created in E-Quest:

Figure5. Source E-Quest

Below Figure Shows 3D Appearance of our Sample House:


7

Figure7. Source E-Quest- internal loads

Below steps and parameters as chosen to import our Sample House in the program to

evaluate simulation about given options :

STEP1


8

Since our House is a Basic Family House, 2 floors, we try to avoid wrong options to create

far from our real building. In States options there are to many options helps to shaping our

simulation such as Code Analysis, Jurisdiction, Location (Especially in US Wheather files

comes automatically), And Electric, Gas Authorities with their usage profile tarrifs,

We have chosen “No Cooling” since our old building hasn’t got any HVAC equipment,

also Furnace meaning old style Cheminee, or Stove. Daylight Control and Usage details are

blank because of the same reason.

In STEP3, We have chosen the roof type, and Orientation according to Google Earth Data,

Also all dimensions entered by guessing, since we did not have Architectural Drawing of

the House. All Dimensions based on assumptions used site seeing experience.

According to dimensional calculations, we have found our Building area 276 ft2 for each

floor.

(Since some missing inputs we did not have Step2 Data)

IN STEP 4 we have chosen Wood Standart Frame, which was the closest option to our

original construction Technic “Bagdadi”, also Ext. Finish we have Chosen “Clay tile” and

Color “Orange” which represents most closest to original one.Above Grade Walls we had

STEP3:

Figure 9. Source E-Quest

9

STEP4:


chosen Concrete, which represents most closest to original Stone, also gives a logic to our

case study during the comparisons between different structures in terms of “Life

Cycle”Since our Building is very Simple and Primitive, we did not select any insulation

material which represents modern technics. Regarding Ground Floor design, we’ve selected

“Earth Contact” and interior finish has chosen Carpet with Rubber Pad. Which is very

commonly used in traditional Turkish Houses.

According to our observations from Site Seeing, we have chosen 6” Construction for Grade

wall. And No Wall insulation material has chosen.

Infiltration data comes as a result :Perimeter 0,038 CFM/ft2 /Ext. Wall Area

Core 0,01 CFM/ft2/Floor Area

10

STEP5:


IN STEP5, We have chosen internal finish Lay-In Acoustic Tile, and Framing Wood –

Standart Framing. No insulation has been chosen. In the Ceilings, try to linked original

conditions, as a result we have chosen Plaster Finish, In the Vertical Walls, we have chosen

Frame. In the Floors section as same in previous screen we continued to Carpet with rubber

pad. And 4 in. Concrete chosen for the floors.

11

STEP6


IN STEP 6, we have chosen 1 Opaque door which reflects best according to original status

of the Sample House. Door Orienteation also selected South East. Door Dimensions has

calculated 6ft.x7ft. Wood, Hollow core Flush, 1-3/8 in.

IN STEP7, we selected percentage of Net Wall Area, Selected Glass Categories Double,

Guardian, and Sun-Guard SN-68 Clear/Air/Cleat , Wood/Vinyl, Fixed in 1,30 in. Wide.

Window dimensions is chosen according to observations by 3,33ft x3,33 ft. which brings us

to %18,5 window ratio (Flr-to flr), and net %24,7 (flr-to-ceiling)

IN STEP8, Since the Sample House hasn’t got any Shading over Window, we made it

blank.

IN STEP9, we did not place any Skylight which doesn’t exist in the original Sample either.

Between Steps 10-12 is not shown due to missing data..

IN STEP 13, We’ve Selected Activity areas as much as simple, since we have an

Abondened single Space Floors House, can be only guessed what it used to be.

IN STEP14, We’ve selected Lighting Areas of the rooms with some assumptions

Step 15 is not shown due to missing data.

IN STEP 16, We’ve selected none for all Unoccupied Zones

IN STEP 17, Since our Building using as a Family House, we’ve selected full occupation.

12



13



14



15


16


IN STEP 19, Since we do not have a Cooling System it is not selected, As Heating, because

of limitations in the menu, we’ve selected Gas Furnace System which is closest to our

Chosen Sampe House’s configuration.

STEP20:


IN STEP20,We have chosen fictive Cooling and Heating Setpoints of the House, to

understand how to respond, in reality this old house has no intelligent control.

IN STEP 21, We have Chosen 225 kbTuh for Heating.

IN STEP24, Output came out 1.107 SqFt Served as a result of previous selected

parameters.

IN STEP 25, we have chosen al days, and off very rare.

STEP26 has not shown due to missing data

IN STEP27, No Base Board has been selected.

IN STEP 28, No Hot Deck Resets has been chosen.

STEP 29-35 has not shown due to missing data

INSTEP 36 Has no Residential Domestic Water Heating.

INSTEP 37, Residendital Domestic Heating is none.

17

IN STEP 38, Custom Electric rate has been chosen, also Block, and 1$/KW charges

selected considering local apx. Tarrifs.

STEP 39 has not shown due to missing data.

STEP21


STEP24

18


Figure 23. E-Quest

19



20

Figure 26 Source- E-Quest

Figure27.- Source E-Quest

21

Figure 28 Source E-Quest


22

IN STEP40, Regarding Gas Ratesi we selected Thermal Block, and Incremental charges

symbolical..

In the and off all results because of missing data we did not get a Healthy result about our

building.

In Order to make a Comparison, we’ve made another model, as much as similar

characteristics chosen a place in the US.

5.SIMULATION2- A PRAY HOUSE IN PITTSBURG/PA


As seen above, Geometrical Shape stays similar, but little bir bigger.

Figure 31- Source E-Quest

23

In 3D Model, also shows main differences with first Simulation.

Figure 32- Source E-Quest

As you can see in the first Wizard, when we’ve selected a location which has recorded in

the system, we have also options in every box.In below STEP3 again we’ve put some

values for our new Sample Building.

24


As you can see ablove 4th

STEP table, Again we’ve selected Clay-Tile, and as much as

possible Wood Structure to stay linked our original house.

25


You can see above as STEP5, we’ve selected some insulation.

26


In then above 6th

Step, we’ve chosen 1 door.


In the 7th

Step above, we’ve put similar Window selections, except Glass Category.

27


As seen Above, in the 8th

Step, we did not put Shades in this Scnerio either.

28


As you can see in 9th

Step, Also did not choose Skylights.


In the 13th

Step, we have chosen Entire Year option, as we did in the previous selection.

29


Same parameters valid for Step14th above..

30


In 15th

Step, Area Type is chosen, Religious Worship because in our original Sample House

has no separated room inside, and this was the only option among the buildings.


In Step17th, different than previous Scnerio we’ve selected some inputs which creates

some value to analyse.

31


In the 18th

Step, because of previous selections we have entire area free space.

32

Figure44 Source E-Quest

In the22th Step above, We’ve selected electric loads as well.


In the 26th

Step, we also made selections according to seasons.

33


In 28th

Step above, we have selected options from the menu.. which we could not do it in

Turkey location.

34


Similarly we have chosen, No Cooling and differently no Heating in Step29th above.


And Step46th above result comes naturally,

35


Above Step 48th

showed us to Charges more realistic.

36


In Step 50th

To understand the Gaps, even we did not select Heating and Cooling, there has

been Gas charge here..

After Step 50th

, Simulation Tool has generated below figures :


According to above Table we have a chance to analyse Electrical Consumption Data

annually of the Model we’ve simulated.

And Additionally since we have Climate information loaded address base, and regulations

according to Geo Code, we have also Roof Insulation Data.

In Addition, all below Reports are available depend on the Analysis Point :

37


As you can see above capture, since we did not selected Heating in the second simulation,

although we’ve selected tarrifs of Gas Providers, result appears “zero”.


Above Graph gives us Annual/Monthly Utility Bill for Electric and Insulation.


Above Graph reminds us how limited parameters we’ve mentioned during the design, that’s

why only Area Lighting and Exterior Usage can be seen.

38


Above Report shows another perspective in terms of Electrical Consumption.


Even, placed limited data, because of Selected Defined materials provides us information

about lifecycle costs.

39


Above Graph shows us, Savings analysis, which is “Zero” here, the reason we did not

manage selections with different options.


Above Table is another example to Monthly consumption reports.

40


Even with limited data, above graph gives us an idea about managing Enduse load.


Another example for Peak time analysis given above.

41

5. E-QUEST ANALYSIS- SIMULATION 3 ACCORDING TO TS825

In this simulation, we’ve created another file, with more presize information as well as

dimensions of the building also original Climate Files :

Figure61. 3rd

simulation- Source E-Quest

We in this Scenerio, we’ve skipped all the steps which was chosen in the previous

scenerios, and only floor, door, window placements and dimensions entered correctly.

Below figure gave us the base inputs before we start Heat Load, and Cold Load of the

building, which is wall thickness and components:

42

Figure 62. Wall material

According to Wall structure, we’ve calculated simulation results considering 50cm.

Thickness of the wall, and this thickness includes 5cm. Roughcast from inside and outside,

10cm Timber and 20 cm. Stone.

When we wanted to go “U” Value calculation:

1/U=Ri+Re+R (w/m2K) (Ri:0,13, Re: 0,04 )

And each “R” value :

R = d/ʎ (R: Heat transmission resistance, d:Thickness of Construction Material, ʎ:Heat

Transmission value)

Using tables from TS825 we’ve found our values :

R= d1/ʎ1+d2/ʎ2+d3/ʎ3

d1/ʎ1=0,2/0,2 =1

d2/ʎ2=0,3/2=0,15

d3/ʎ3=0,1/1=0,1

if we put the values in place :

R=1+0,15+0,1=1,25 than,

1/U=0,13+0,04+1,25 =1,42

U=0,7 W/m2.K

43

If we convert the value to BTU and F :

U=0,123 Btu/hft2F

After we’ve calculated this value we moved directly to the related reporting in the E-Quest,

and here below Heat Load-Cool Load Analysis of Scnerio 3 Building:


44

If we compare seasonal Cooling and Heating loads can be seen below :

Figure64. Heating and Cooling Load results in Graph- Source-Cem LALE

45

Based on these values we also created another material selection to make a comparison

with the previous table, again we used Light Concrete material this time, and selected ʎ for

Light Concrete is : 0,29 (according to TS825)

R : 1,82 and U becomes :0,5 W/m2K, with the same conversion technique we have found :

U=0,088 Btu/h.ft2F

Than second table :

Figure 65 Heating and Cooling Load values for different material source E-Quest

46

And when we anaylsis in the graph:

Figure 66. Cooling and Heating load in Graph for Concrete material.- Source Cem LALE

47

6.CONCLUSION

Here we saw how important to gather trustable information from a standardized system in

order to evaluate them during design. And also all Services connected and transparent ratios

applied world works even with very less data as proved in Simulation 2, a Prayhouse in

Pitssburgh/PA, first idea by doing this to understand with even less data if this system

really produces healthy information.

Why Pittsburg is actually at list tried to stayet with same Line of Longtitude with Sapanca,

which is 40th

.

Figure 67. Source: NASA

And below we look Climate conditions for Pittsburgh:

Figure 68. Source: Climate-Data.org/AmbiWeb GmbH/OpenStreet/Map

When we look at similar works, comparisons between different structures, especially

related in our 2 Simulation Models, Wood and Concrete Forms,

And when we look at Load Anaysis Graphs on the Simulation3, we see seasonal behavior

of the building in Timber and Concrete structure.

48

From Max Cooling Load Light Concrete gives some advantages in summer time, on the

other hand according to regional climate in this case structural performances look very

similar:

Figure 69. Comparison Timber structure and Light Concerete structure together in cooling

and heating load spectrum. –Source – Cem LALE

49

If we want to understand old buildings specific characteristics to adapt them into new

systems, we need to create a connected infrastructure to give opportunities people,

researchers, building owners to understand their add on to a Greener World.

Figure 70. Source- Cem LALE

50

7.REFERENCES

Determination of the urban Heat Island in Sakarya City, Turkey

Mazhar Gümrükçüoğlu, Environmental Engineering Department, Sakarya, Turkey, Recent

Advances in Environmental and Biological Engineering, ISBN: 978-1-61804-259-0

Methods, Impacts, and Opportunities in the Concrete Builnding Life Cycle, August 2011

John Ochsendorf, Leslie Keith Norford, Dorothy Brown, Hannah Durschlag, Sophia

Lisbeth Hsu, Andrea Love, Nicholas Santero, Omar Swei, Amanda Webb, Margaret

Wildnauer

Concrete Sustainability Hub, Massachusettes Institute of Technology

Comparison of environmental Performance of a five-Storey Building Built with Cross

Laminated Timber and Concrete

Yue (Jessie) Chen

Department of Wood Science , University of British columbia, Vancouver, B.C. Canada,

August 31, 2012.

TS825 Standarts

Date post:	28-Jul-2015
Category:	Documents
Upload:	cem-lale
View:	7 times
Download:	0 times

energyefficientbuildingdesign-casestudy-cemlale-190515

Documents