Date post: | 30-Dec-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | daria-riley |
View: | 20 times |
Download: | 0 times |
ObjectivesLearn about useful tools for working
with low literacy populations in rural areas (developing countries) - Participatory Rural Appraisal tools
Stimulate your thinking and creativity for engaging community members in doing participatory needs assessment
“The best item to pack for any trip to the developing world or not – is an open mind”
Challenges for “outside experts” & studentsExpect the unexpected (rodents, mosquitoes, street
hawking, open markets)Expect poor road conditionsNo electricity or power failures (your computer loses
power…)Lots of people may follow you around (no
confidentiality!)Time feels different
So how are you going to get your work done?
Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA)
Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) An approach (and family of methodologies) for shared learning between local people and outsiders to enable development practitioners, government officials, and local people to plan together appropriate interventions
Also known as Participatory Learning and Action (PLA)
Key PrinciplesParticipation – local people serve as partners in data collection and
analysis
Flexibility- not a standardized methodology
Off-setting biases – anti poverty biases are consciously avoided, more listening less lecturing
Teamwork – everyone is involved
Diversity – attempts made to identify and analyse contradictions and exceptions
“Optimal Ignorance” – leave out unessential details
Systematic – to get correct details and conclusions, it is best to cross check
Local materials - dirt, stones, sticks (or paper), not computers/electronic devices
PRA TechniquesInterviewing – Not based on questionnaires but issues
(households, individuals, focus groups)
VisualizationRanking – a means by which they can rank preferences,
problems, wealth
Mapping - Community members depicting the physical or social characteristics of their community
Social mappingTime linesImpact diagrams
Social mapping with rural, low literacy participantsSocial Mapping A space-related PRA Used to depict the habitation pattern of a particular regionDrawn by local peopleNot drawn to scale but reveals what is believed to be
relevant and important to them
Time lines with rural, low literacy participants
This is a time-related PRA methodAllows people use their concept of timeCaptures the chronology of events as
recalled by local peopleFlexible in terms of the time scale
One day, or a lifetime, or history of the community
Impact diagrams with rural, low literacy participantsA flow diagram , commonly used to identify
and depict the image of an activity, intervention or event
Takes into account types of changes as perceived by the local people
Helps to identify impacts of certain events - planned, unplanned, negative or positive
Referenceshttp://www.eldis.org/manuals/
participation.htmhttp://info.worldbank.org/etools/docs/
library/238582/toolkit.pdfKumar Somesh. Methods For Community
Participation: A Complete Guide for Practitioners.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6MVTCYDQRI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TEZpsYLqL6M&feature=related