Pressurized Air Vehicle

Engine Conversion from Combustion to Compressed Air

Ordinary gasoline combustion engine converted to run on compressed air

Drivable, proof-of-concept car◦5-10 minutes◦10-15 mph

Three groups: engine modification, vehicle integration, testing and theory

Project Goals

Four stroke engine vs. two stroke engine

Golf cart, go-kart, building a chassis, mini Baja

Engine and Chassis Choice

Chose to modify thetiming by CNC machiningcam lobes.

Norfolk Machine Shop

Engine Modification

1. Remove Timing Case – 5 bolts

2. Place camshaft – line up timing mark

3. Remove old gasket material, and place new gasket

4. Re-attach Timing Case

5. Check all plugs are sealed

6. Add oil 7. Attach intake

manifold

Engine Assembly

Engine Troubleshooting Engine running backwards

Intake valve being blown open

Low airflow

Vehicle Integration

Intake Adapter Tanks Ball valve (Throttle) 5/16” Line Original design too restrictive Met basic flow requirements after post-

install modifications

Relatively Light Weight Available Locally

(Low Lead Time) Price High Pressure Common Regulator Easy Filling Low Price For Used

Scuba Tank Selection

Available at ODU motorsports lab.

Consulted with Dr. Ash about use.

Crank shaft was too large so adapter was machined to allow for use with Baja engine.

Dynamometer Testing

Dyno run #1 0.1 horsepower at 600 rpm

Dyno run #2 0.2 horsepower at 950 rpm

Results

Using ideal gas assumptions

After manipulation:

Gas Dynamics Thermo Model

Engine Efficiency

Comparing EfficienciesInternal

Combustion [1] Hybrid [1] Electric [2] Pressurized AirEngine Efficiency,% 21 30 11

Motor Efficiency, % 79 78

Battery & Battery Charger Efficiency, %

81

Total Efficiency, % 21 24 21 4

Heat Rate, Btu/kWh Efficiency, %

Coal 10444 32.67Petroleum 10826 31.52Natural Gas 8152 41.85Nuclear 10464 32.61

[1] N. D. a. J. Deutch, "Hybrid Cars Now, Fuel Cell Cars Later," Science Magazine, vol. 305, pp. 974-976, August 13, 2004 2004.[2] U. S. D. o. Energy. (2013, April 22). Electric Vehicles (EVs). Available: http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/evtech.shtml[3] U. S. E. I. Administration. (April 21). Table 8.1. Average Operating Heat Rate for Selected Energy Sources. Available: http:// www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_08_01.html

Future Improvements•Larger air capacity and flow rate

•Better valve and camshaft design

•Use a more efficient engine type

•Lighter chassis

https://www.facebook.com/groups/PAVprojectdesign/?hc_location=stream

Completed Engine Conversion

Gantt Chart

Questions?