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Engineering Computation using
MATLAB
Dr Simin Nasseri, Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department,
Southern Polytechnic State UniversitySouthern Polytechnic State University
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Matlab
• MATLAB stands for Matrix Laboratory
• Developed primarily by Cleve Moler in the 1970's
• MATLAB was originally written in Fortran, then later rewritten in C.• Derived from FORTRAN subroutines LINPACK and
EISPACK, linear and eigenvalue systems.
• Rewritten in C in the 1980's with more functionality, which include plotting routines.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Matlab• MATLAB is one of a number of commercially
available, sophisticated mathematical computation tools
• Others include• Maple
• Mathematica (MATLAB's competitor = the symbolic computation program)
• MathCad
• MATLAB is more convenient for numerical analysis and linear algebra. It is frequently used in engineering community.
• Mathematica has superior symbolic manipulation, making it popular among physicists.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Why Matlab?!
• MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing.
• It integrates computation, visualization, and programming environment.
• MATLAB is a modern programming language environment: it has sophisticated data structures, contains built-in editing and debugging tools, and supports object-oriented programming.
• These factors make MATLAB an excellent tool for teaching and research.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Why Matlab?!
• MATLAB is widely used.
• MATLAB is easy to use.
• MATLAB is interpreted (not compiled), errors are easy to fix.
• MATLAB is optimized to be relatively fast when performing matrix operations.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Why Matlab?!
• A systematic problem solving strategy makes it more likely you’ve found the right answer.
• Built in programming language (Matlab is a package + a language).
• Not a general purpose language like C++ or Java.
• Matlab Excels at Numerical calculations (Especially involving matrices) and Graphics.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Weaknesses
• MATLAB is not a general purpose programming language such as C, C++, or FORTRAN.
• MATLAB is designed for scientific computing, and is not well suitable for other applications.
• MATLAB commands are specific for MATLAB usage. Most of them do not have a direct equivalent with other programming language commands.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
MATLAB® is a high-level language and interactive environment that enables you to perform computationally intensive tasks faster than with traditional programming languages such as C, C++, and Fortran.
•Introduction and Key Features•Developing Algorithms and Applications•Analyzing and Accessing Data•Visualizing Data•Performing Numeric Computation•Publishing Results and Deploying Applications
Summary
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Matlab 2010
• The MathWorks Inc. was created (1984) to market and continue development of MATLAB.
• MATLAB is updated regularly.• The Mathworks packages their software in groups,
called releases.
• Each one contains:• MATLAB• Simulink• A number of specialized “toolboxes”
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
New Release Naming System
• They will be issuing updates twice a year
R2010a
R2010b
• MATLAB comes in both a student and professional edition.
• Student editions are available for:• Windows Operating Systems
• Mac OS
• Linux
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
How is MATLAB used in Industry?
• Widespread, especially in the signal processing field
• Tool of choice in Academia for most engineering fields
• Some examples….
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Electrical Engineering
These images simulate the visual system used in a housefly brain to detect collisions. The techniques developed are being used in autonomous robot systems that depend upon vision for navigation. The data was processed using MATLAB.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Biomedical Engineering
These images were created from MRI scan data using MATLAB. The actual data set is included with the standard MATLAB installation, allowing you experiment with manipulating the data yourself.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Statics and Structures
The motion of an idealised two span bridge under the action of a moving point force across its surface, when the force velocity is equal to the first critical speed. The animation was created in matlab, using the analytical equations of motion derived in "Vibration of solids and structures under moving loads" Fryba, L, 1999
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Dynamics
Click and watch
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Robotics
Click and watch
In this Cartesian Motion we have fixed the TCP (Tool Center Point) in space at pos=(430,0,750).This simulation was made with Matlab R12.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Fluid Dynamics
Results from a finite element analysis code were post processed using MATLAB to create this image.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
3D Plotting and Volume Visualization
A 3-D isosurface plot revealing the geodesic dome structure of a carbon-60 or “fullerene” molecule (molecules composed entirely of carbon).
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Widely used in Academia
eg. University of Colorado:
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Why @ MET?!
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Working with Matlab
• We’ll start learning the details of how to use MATLAB now:
• In Windows or Apple operating systems click on the desktop icon
• In Unix type: MATLAB at the shell prompt.MATLAB opens to a default window configuration:
MATLAB 7.0.lnk
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
• MATLAB uses a standard windows menu bar
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
MATLAB uses several different windows to display data, commands and results.There are 7 windows. Lets see what they are.
MATLAB Windows
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
1- Command Window
Enter commands at the prompt4- Current Directory
2- Command History3- Workspace Window
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
You can use the command window much like you’d use a calculator
The standard order of operation rules apply
1- Command Window
Enter commands at the prompt
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
1- Command Window
Similar to a scratch padOnce you hit enter, you can’t edit any commandsYou can retype them or use the arrow keys to retrieve commands and edit them before hitting enter again
1- Command Window
Enter commands at the prompt
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
2- Command History
2- Command History
•You can transfer commands from the command history to the command window
•Double click on a command•Click and drag
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
2- Command History
2- Command History
•Records the commands you issue in the command window•When you exit the command window, or when you issue the clc command, the command window is cleared•But the command history remains
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
3-Workspace Window
3- Workspace Window
Variables that you introduce are written here.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Scalar
Vector
2-D Matrix
• Keeps track of the variables you’ve defined (Name, Value, Size, Bytes, Class)
• You may need to click on the name bar and select size and bytes in order to see these parameters
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
4- Current Directory window
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
4- Current Directory Window
• The current directory window is a list of files.
• When you try to load information from a file or try to save information – MATLAB uses the current directory.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
5- Document Window
• If you double click on any variable in the workspace window MATLAB launches a document window containing the array editor.
• You can edit variables in the array editor.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
5- Document Window
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
6- Figure Window
• When Figures are created a new window opens.
• It’s extremely easy to create graphs in MATLAB.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Plotting x versus y.
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
6- Figure Window
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
7- Editing Window
• This window allows you to type and save a series of commands without executing them.
• There are several ways to open an editing window:• From the file menu• With the new file icon
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Open an editing window from the file menu or with the new file icon
Dr Simin Nasseri, Mechanical Engineering Technology Department, Southern Polytechnic State University
Save and Run
Write your code in the editing window, then run it using the Save and Run icon