England in the New World

1587-1754

England’s First Settlements• 1587 Sir Walter Raleigh

settled Roanoke Island• Virginia Dare was the first

English child born in America

• Colony mysteriously vanished, leaving only the word Croatan as a clue

• In 1606 the Virginia Company of London formed

Jamestown• Founded 1607• 108 colonists lived on a

poorly sited peninsula• Disease stricken• Powhatans took pity on the

colony and keep it supplied• John Smith instituted rules

that mandated all colonist must work to produce food

• By 1608 only 32 survivors remained

Jamestown• Smith was captured by the

Powhatans, but saved by Pocahontas

• Pocahontas married John Rolf in 1613

• By 1613 tobacco became the cash crop of Virginia

• Indentured servants• 1619 women began to arrive as

did the first boatload of African slaves

• House of Burgesses formed July 30, 1619

Plymouth Bay Colony• Known as both Pilgrims and

Puritans • Outcast from the Church of

England• William Bradford• Arrived in the New World in Nov.

of 1620 aboard the Mayflower• Mayflower Compact• Squanto• Difficult first year• 1621 Wampanogs hosted the

first harvest festival

Massachusetts Bay Colony• Massachusetts Bay Company• John Winthrop brought an

additional 100 colonists to what would eventually become Boston

• Massachusetts government• Ye Olde Satan De Luder Laws• Education• Marriage• Crime

Salem Witch Trials• Witches• 1648-1689 3 major

epidemics in New England and crop failures

• Spring 1692 Cotton Maither• Voodoo practices in the Rev.

Parris’ home with a slave woman and girls from the community of Salem town

• Summer 1692 the girls began to name witches in Salem

Salem Witch Trials

• Court of Oyer and Terminar

• Witch tests• June-Aug 1692 19

people hanged and 1 pressed to death

• Beginning of secular law

1640-1664

• 1640-1660 English Civil War• Colonies left to fend for themselves• During this time the colonies show their first

signs of being separate from England• 1664 New York taken from the Dutch• Manhattan Indians sell Manhattan Island to

English

Quakers• Society of Friends or

Children of Light• George Fox 1649• Settled in Pennsylvania

under the leadership of William Penn

• Opposed slavery• Believed in the spirit of the

Bible• 1701 Charter of Liberty• 1751 Liberty Bell cast

Maryland

• Established as a refuge for Catholics, and embraced religious tolerance

• Founded by George Cabot• 1649 Toleration Act

Carolina

• Planned to correct past mistakes of colonization• Seperated into North and South Carolina• South Carolina produced tobacco and indigo• North Carolina produced naval stores• 1715-1717 Indian war nearly destroyed Charles

Town• Cherokees sided with English and turned the

tide of the war

1660-1696

• After the Stuart Restoration, England’s government sought greater colonial control.

• 1660 Navigation Act• 1663 Staples Act• 1673 Plantation Duties Act• 1696 Navigation Act