ENGLISH STUDY MATERIAL

F O R S S C S L O W L E A R N E R S

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SRI POTTI SRIRAMULU NELLORE DISTRICT

ENGLISH Study Material For SSC Slow Learners

MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE

Chief Production Officer : Sri. K. Samuyelu, M.A., M.Ed., District Educational Officer, Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore Dt.

Organising Incharge : Sri. T. V. Rama Kumar, M.Sc., M.Ed., E.L.T.C.

Secretary, District Common Examination Board

Advisory Committee : Sri. M. Sobhanadri, M.Sc., B.Ed., Headmaster, ZPPHS Griddaluru

Sri. V. Janakiram, M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Headmaster, Govt. HS, Korimerla

Sri. Y. Chenchu Ramaiah, M.Sc., B.Ed., M.Phil. Headmaster, ZPPHS, Muthukur

Editor

Sri. C.M.V. Chandra Kumar, M.A., M.Ed., M.Phil. SA (English), DIET Pallipadu

Writers

Sri. YVS Lakshmi, M.A., B.Ed. SA (English), ZPPHS, Nidigunta Palem

Sri. V Mahesh, M.A., M.Ed. SA (English), ZPPHS, Yekollu

Sri. G L Ratna Sekhar, M.A., B.Ed. SA (English), ZPPHS, Thurpu Erraballi

Sri. B Srinivasa Prasad, M.A., B.Ed., CIC SA (English), ZPPHS, Vidavalur

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X- ENGLISH Unit – 1 Reading comprehension Reading A – Attitude is Altitude Read the following passage: 1. Nick has a small foot on his left hip which helps him balance and enables him to kick. He uses his

one foot to type, write with a pen and pick things up between his toes. Now answer the following questions:

(a) How many feet does Nick have? Ans: One foot (b) How does his small foot help him? Ans: To balance and to kick (c) How does Nick type? Ans: with the help of his small foot.

2. I call it my chicken drum stick, "joked Nick, who was born in Melbourne, Australia, but now lives in Los Angeles. “I'd be lost without it." (a) Whatdoes 'it' refer to here? Ans: Nick's small foot on his left hip. (b)Where was Nick born? Ans:Melbourne, Australia. (c)Where does he live now? Ans: Los Angeles

3. His parents decided not to send him to a special school – a decision he said was very hard for him, but, which may have been the best decision they could have made for him. (a) Who does ‘him’ refer to in the passage? Ans: Nick (b) What was his parent’s decision? Ans: Not to send him to a special school (c) How did the decision turn to be? Ans: The best decision for him.

4. Nick's father was a Computer Programmer and Accountant and he taught his little son how to type with his toe at just 6 years old. His mum invented a special plastic device that meant he could hold a pen and pencil. (a) What was Nick’s father? Ans: A Computer programmer and Accountant (b) What did he teach Nick? Ans: He taught how to type with toe (c) What device did his mother invent? Ans: A special plastic device

5. “I was deeply depressed when I was eight years old,” he said. “ I went to my mum crying and told her I wanted to kill myself”. (a) What was the mental condition of the narrator? Ans: deeply depressed (b) Why was he depressed? Ans: Because he was a torso (c) What did he want to do in depression? Ans: To kill himself

6. ‘The challenges in our lives are there to strengthen our convictions. They are not there to run us over. “, said Nick. In 1990 Nick won the Australian Young Citizen of the Year award for his bravery and perseverance. (a) How do the challenges in our lives help us? Ans: They strengthen our convictions. (b) Which award did Nick win in 1990? Ans: The Australian Young Citizen of the Year award. (c) What did he win the award for? Ans: For his bravery and perseverance

VOCABULARY

1. Read the following paragraph and write the synonyms of the underlined words choosing from

the words given in the box.

arms and legs disabled bold toes allow trunk

Nick Vujicic was born with no arms and legs – but he doesn’t let (a) the details stop him. The brave (b) 26-year-old – who is mainly torso (c) – plays football and golf, swims, and surfs, despite having no limbs (d).

(a) ................................................... (b) ................................................... (c).................................................... (d) ................................................... Answers: (a) allow, (b) bold, (c) trunk, (d) arms and legs

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2. She was amazing (a) said Nick. ‘She taught me how to surf and I was terrified (b) at first, but once I got up there it felt absolutely (c) fantastic and I caught waves pretty well. Nick quickly (d) learned how to do the 360 degree spins on his board.

completely fortunately frightened surprising soon beautiful

(a) ................................................... (b) ................................................... (c) .................................................... (d) ................................................... Answers:(a) surprising, (b) frightened, (c) completely, (d) soon 3. When Nick was born his father was so shocked (a) that he left the hospital (b) room to vomit (c).

His distraught (d) mother couldn't bring herself to hold him until he was four months old.

clinic, diseased, stunned, emit, handicap, anxious

(a) ................................................... (b) ................................................... (c) .................................................... (d) ................................................... Answers: (a) stunned, (b) clinic, (c) emit, (d) anxious 4. 'I realised(a) why God had made us like this - to give hope to others. It was so inspirational(b) to

me that I decided to use my life to encourage(c) other people and give them the courage(d) that the article had given me.

bravery fortunately understood support magnitude motivational

(a) ................................................... (b) ................................................... (c) .................................................... (d) ................................................... Answers:(a) understood (b) motivational (c) support (d) bravery Antonyms 1. Read the paragraph and write the antonyms of the underlined words. His parents decided not to send (a) him to a special (b) school - a decision he said was very hard

(c) for him, but which may have been the best (d) decision they could have made for him. (a)................................................... (b)................................................. (c).................................................... (d)................................................. Answers: (a) receive (b) ordinary/common (c) easy (d) worst 2. “I realized why God had made us like this – to give hope (a) to others. It was so inspirational to

me that I decided (b) to use my life to encourage (c) other people and give them the courage (d) that the article had given me.”

(a)................................................... (b)................................................. (c).................................................... (d)................................................. Answers: (a) despair (b) undecided (c) discourage (d) timid/cowardice 3. At age ten Nick tried to drown (a) himself in the bath but luckily (b) the attempt was unsuccessful

(c). ‘I felt there was no purpose when you lack purpose and strength (d). It is hard to hold on’, he said.

(a)................................................... (b)................................................. (c).................................................... (d)................................................. Answers: (a) float (b) unluckily (c) successful (d) weakness 4. He moved to Los Angeles in 2007, and planned to continue (a) to travel the world. In 2009, he

visited South America and the Middle East. In 2008, Kanae Miyahara, a beautiful (b) young (c) girl, whose mother was a Mexican and whose father was a Japanese, attended to a meeting where Nick was the guest (d) speaker in Texas.

(a)................................................... (b)................................................. (c).................................................... (d)................................................. Answers: (a) discontinue (b) ugly (c) old (d) host Fill in the blanks with the right-form of the words given in brackets. 1. His parents _____________ (decides/decided) (a) not to send him to a _________

(special/specially) (b) school – a decision he said was very ___________ (hard/hardly) (c) for him, but which may have been the best decision they could have _________ (made/make) (d) for him.

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Ans: decided, special, hard, made 2. When Nick was _________ (birth/born) (a) his father was so ____________ (shocking/shocked)

(b) that he ________ (leave/left) (c) the hospital room to ______________ (vomit/vomited) (d). Ans: born, shocked, left, vomit

3. His ______________ (disable/disability) (a) came without any medical ___________ (explanation/explain) (b) – a rare occurrence called phocomelia – and Nick and his parents ___________ (spent/spend) (c) many years asking why this cruel trick would _________ (happened/happen) (d) to them. Ans: disability, explanation, spent, happen

4. Despite the risk of being bullied, his parents __________ (insist/insisted) (a) on his mainstream school. It was the best decision they could have made for me’, adds Nick, who later _________ (achieved/ achievement) (b) a degree in Financial Planning and Real Estate. It was very hard but it ________ (given/gave) me ________ (independent/independence) (d). Ans: insisted, achieved, gave, independence

Vowel Clusters 1. Complete the spelling of the words with ‘ou’, ‘ee’, ‘ie’ or ‘ea’ (a) Wrap your arms ar __ __ nd your loved ones. (b) He is a huge fan of the English prem __ __ r league. Ans: A) around B) premier 2. Complete the spelling of the words with ‘io’, ‘ee’, ‘ia’ or ‘ea’ (a) His parents decided not to send him to a spec __ __ l school. (b) It was the best decis __ __ n for him. Ans: A) special B) decision 3. Complete the spelling of the words with ‘ou’, ‘au’, ‘ie’ or ‘ea’ (a) His distr __ __ ght mother couldn’t bring herself to hold him. (b) It gave the c __ __ rage to learn how to swim. Ans: A) distraught B) courage 4. Complete the spelling of the words with ‘ou’, ‘ee’, ‘ie’ or ‘ea’ (a) He attended mainstr __ __ m school. (b) He ach __ __ ed a degree in Financial Planning. Ans: A) mainstream B) achieved 5. Complete the spelling of the words with ‘ou’, ‘ee’, ‘ie’ or ‘ea’ (a) Nick was t __ __ sed and bullied. (b) I was d__ __ ply depressed. Ans: A) teased B) deeply Complete the words with correct suffixes given in brackets.

(a) His parents took the best deci……… (sion/tion) for him. Ans: sion (b) His disability is a rare occur……….. (ance/ence). Ans: ence (c) She did everything right during pregn……… (ancy/ency). Ans: ency (d) They did their best to make me independ……. (ant/ent). Ans: ent (e) His father insisted on his attending mainstr….. (eem/eam) school. Ans: eam (f) Luckily the attempt was unsucces……(ful/full). Ans: ful (g) He became an international sym….. (bol/ble) of triumph. Ans: bol

Find the wrongly spelt word and write its correct spelling. (a) imagine, bicycle, something, balance Ans. balance (b) chicken, league, desision, hospital Ans. decision (c) distraught, disability, explanasion, occurrence Ans. explanation (d) pregnency, independent, computer, accountant Ans. pregnancy (e) programmar, invented, device, special Ans. programmer

Arrange the following words under correct headings. 1. hospital, citizen, nurse, school, guest,

Australia, parent, country People place

1. __________ 1. ___________ 2. __________ 2. ___________

3. __________ 3. ___________ 4. __________ 4. ___________

2. bicycle, foot, wheelchair, club, toe, arm, brush, hip

Parts of the body things 1. __________ 1. ___________

2. __________ 2. ___________

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3. __________ 3. ___________ 4. __________ 4. ___________

3. Pessimistic, optimistic, generous, cowardly, arrogant, courageous, independent, dependent

Positive qualities Negative qualities 1. __________ 1. ___________ 2. __________ 2. ___________ 3. __________ 3. ___________

4. __________ 4. ___________ 4. lazy, rude, sociable, trusting, creative,

quarrelsome, sarcastic, reliable Positive qualities Negative qualities

1. __________ 1. ___________ 2. __________ 2. ___________ 3. __________ 3. ___________ 4. __________ 4. ___________

Ans 1: People: citizen, nurse, guest, parent Place: hospital, school, Australia, country Ans 2: Parts of the body: foot, toe, arm, hip Things: bicycle, wheelchair, club, brush Ans 3: Positive qualities: optimistic, generous, courageous, independent Negative qualities: pessimistic, cowardly, arrogant, dependent Ans 4: Positive qualities: sociable, trusting, creative, reliable Negative qualities: rude, lazy,quarrelsome, sarcastic Use the following phrasal verbs in sentences of your own.

1. kick down: (striking forcibly with the foot) Ans: Poorna kicked down the football towards Viswa.

2. got into: (started doing or being involved in) Ans: Sindhu has gotten into her preparation

3. run over: (Hit someone with a vehicle or a challenge etc.) Ans: The car ran over a dog on the road.

4. freak out: (make someone upset/shock) Ans: Nick freaked out the girl at the traffic lights

5. sped (speed) off: (leaving quickly in a vehicle or on a bicycle) Ans: The thieves sped off in a car.

6. bounced back: (recover quickly after a defeat or failure) Ans: Sudhachandran bounced back after her accident.

7. set in: (begin/start) Ans: We set in a new business.

ONE WORD SUBSTITUTES 1. Match the following one-word substitutes with their meanings. Part –A Part- B 1. Fatalist ( ) A) One who can do anything for money 2. Centenarian ( ) B) One who is the first to study and develop a particular area of Knowledge, Culture etc. 3. Omnipresent ( ) C) a person who believes in fate. 4. Mercenary ( ) D) one who cannot be corrected. E) a Person who is above hundred years F) one who is present everywhere 2. Part –A Part- B 1. Misogynist ( ) A) one who can do anything for money 2. Monogamy ( ) B) a life history written by somebody else 3. Autobiography ( ) C) a life history written by oneself 4. Biography ( ) D) one who cannot be corrected E) a practice of having one wife or husband F) one who hates women 3. Part –A Part- B 1. Epitaph ( ) A) a person who can advise others

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2. Introvert ( ) B) works inscribed on a tomb 3. Guide ( ) C) a person of good understanding, knowledge and reasoning power 4. Versatile ( ) D) a quit person who is more interested in own thoughts and feelings E) one who believes in God F) one who possesses many talents 4. Part –A Part- B 1.Philanthropist ( ) A) a sentence whose meaning is unclear 2.Pioneer ( ) B) a position for which no salary is paid 3.Honorary ( ) C) a life history written by one self 4.Ambiguous ( ) D) one who cannot be corrected E) one who is the first to work in a particular area of knowledge F) one who devotes his service or wealth for the love of mankind 5. Part –A Part- B 1.Inimitable ( ) A) a person who abstains from taking alcohol 2.Theist ( ) B) a position for which no salary is paid 3.Spend thrift ( ) C) a life history written by oneself 4.Teetotaller ( ) D) one who spends too much E) one who believes in God F) That which cannot be imitated. 6. Part –A Part- B 1.Polyglot ( ) A) a person who abstains from taking alcohol 2.Intellectual ( ) B) a person or thing that cannot be corrected 3.Incorrigible ( ) C) a person of good understanding, knowledge and reasoning power 4.Versatite ( ) D) a person who known many languages E) one who believes in God F) one who possesses many talents. Answers: Set 1: 1-C, 2-E, 3-F, 4-A Set 2: 1-F, 2-E, 3-C, 4-B Set 3: 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-F

Set 4: 1-F, 2-E, 3-B, 4-A Set 5: 1-F, 2-E, 3-D, 4-A Set 6: 1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-F

RELATIVE CLAUSES Combine the following sentences using ‘who’ or ‘which/that’. 1. Nick has a small foot on his left hip. It helps him balance. A: Nick has a small foot on his left foot which/that helps him balance. 2. Nick is mainly a torso. He was born with no legs and arms. A: Nick, who was born with no legs and arms, is mainly a torso. 3. Nick plays golf with a club. It is tucked under his chin. A: Nick plays golf with a club which/that is tucked under his chin. 4. Nick’s parents took a good decision. It may have been the best one for him. A: Nick’s parents took a good decision which/that may have been the best one for him. 5. Nick’s father taught his son how to type. He was a Computer programmer. A: Nick’s father, who was a Computer Programmer, taught his son how to type. 6. Nick uses a wall mounted brush. It helps him brush his teeth. A: Nick uses a wall mounted brush that/which helps him brush his teeth. 7. Nick read a newspaper article. It was about a disabled man. A: Nick read a newspaper article which/that was about a disabled man. 8. The article was so inspirational. It gave courage to Nick. A: The article which/that gave courage to Nick was so inspirational. 9. The girl was looking at Nick. She was at traffic lights. A: The girl who was at traffic lights was looking at Nick. 10. Nick did a 360 degree spin. It freaked the girl out.

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A: Nick did a 360 degree spin that/which freaked the girl out.

COMBINATION OF SENTENCES Rewrite the following sentences using __________________. (as, since, because, if, when, in spite of, such….that, although, so….that, neither-nor, besides)

1. You want to succeed. Double your failure rate. (if) A: If you want to succeed, double your failure rate.

2. Nick’s father was shocked. He left the hospital room. (so….that) A: Nick’s father was so shocked that he left the hospital room.

3. They waved at him. The train slowly left the platform. (as) A: They waved at him as the train slowly left the platform.

4. There was a disaster. He invented the Phonograph. (in spite of) A: In spite of the disaster, he invented the Phonograph.

5. The girl was frightened. Nick did a 360 degree spin. (because) A: The girl was frightened because Nick did a 360 degree spin.

6. Nick was deeply depressed. He was eight years old. (when) A: Nick was deeply depressed when he was eight years old.

Reading B – Every success story is also a story of great failures Read the following passage: 1. A New York Times editorial on December 10, 1903, questioned the wisdom of the Wright Brothers

who were trying to invent a machine, heavier than air that would fly. Oneweek later, at Kitty Hawk, the Wright Brothers took their famous flight.

Now answer the following questions: 3X1=3m (a) What did the New York Times editorial question? Ans: The wisdom of the Wright Brothers. (b) What were Wright Brothers trying to invent? Ans: They were trying to invent a machine. (c) What happened at Kitty Hawk one week later? Ans: The wright brothers took their famous flight.

2. As a young cartoonist, Walt Disney faced many rejections from newspaper editors,who said he had no talent. One day a minister at a church hired him to draw some cartoons. (a) What was Walt Disney famous for? Ans: He was a famous cartoonist (b) What did he face from newspaper editors? Ans: Many rejections (c) Why did the minister hire Walt Disney? Ans: To draw some cartoons.

3. One day a partially deaf four year old kid came home with a note in his pocket from his teacher, “Your Tommy is too stupid to learn, get him out of the school.”

(a) Who was partially deaf four year old kid? Ans: Thomas Edison (b) Why did he come home? Ans: Because his teacher sent him out of school. (c) What was in his pocket? Ans: A note to his mother 4. Setbacks are inevitable in life. A setback can act as a driving force and also teach us humility. In

grief you will find courage and faith to overcome the setback. (a) What are inevitable in life? Ans: Setbacks (b) How does a setback help us? Ans: It can act as a driving force and also teach us humility (C) What will you find in grief?

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Ans: courage and faith 5. “That is the secret to success.”

(a) Who is the speaker of this line? Ans: Socrates (b) Who did the speaker address? Ans: A young man (c) What is the secret to success according to the speaker? Ans: A burning desire

6. A burning desire is the starting point of all accomplishment. Just like a small fire cannot give much heat, a weak desire cannot produce great results. (a) What is the starting point of all accomplishment? Ans: A burning desire (b) Why should one avoid weak desire? Ans: Because it cannot produce great results. (c) What is the weak desire compared to? Ans: To a small fire

Reading C - I Will Do It: Read the following passage and answer the questions given below: 1. The teenager was disappointed. It seemed his dreams had burnt to ashes. He was so near to

fulfilling his fondest hope, yet so far. His heart sank in sorrow. (a) Who was the teenager? Ans: N.R. Narayana Murthy (b) What was his dream? Ans: To join IIT (c) Why did his heart sink in sorrow? Ans: Because his father refused to join him at IIT. 2. D-day came. He came to Bangalore, stayed with some relatives and appeared for the entrance

test. (a) What is the D-day? Ans: The day on which he appeared for the entrance test. (b) Why did he come to Bangalore? Ans: To appear for the entrance test (C) What was the entrance test for? Ans: For getting admission at IIT

3. The day came. His classmates were leaving for Madras (now Chennai). They weretaking a train from Mysore to Madras. They have shared good years in school and college together. He went to the station to say goodbye and good luck to them for their future life. (a) Whose classmates are leaving for Madras? Ans: Narayanamurthy’s classmates (b) Why were they going to Madras? Ans: To join and study at IIT (c) Why did Murthy go to the station? Ans: To say goodbye and good luck to them for

their future life. 4. He said to himself, without anger or jealousy, “All students from the IITs study well and do big

things in life. But it is not the institution; ultimately it is you and you alone who can change your life by hard work.” (a) Who is ‘he’ in the passage? Ans: N.R. Narayana Murthy (b) What, according to him, can change the life of a person? Ans: It is the person who alone can change his life. (c) How can one change one’s life? Ans: by hardwork

5. Later he worked very hard, and focused on one thing, never bothering about hispersonal life or comforts. He shared his wealth with others. He never used the help of any caste, community or political connections to go up in life. (a) Who worked hard, and did not bother about comforts? Ans: N.R. Narayana Murthy (b) How did he share his wealth? Ans: with others (c) What was the specialty of his life? Ans: He never used the help of any caste, community or political connections to go up in life.

6. A son of a school teacher showed other Indians it was possible to earn wealthlegally and ethically. He built a team of people who were equally good.

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(a) Who is the son of a school teacher? Ans: N.R. Narayana Murthy (b) What did he show other Indians? Ans: To earn wealth legally and ethically (c) What did he build? Ans: A team of people who were equally good

Creative Expressions ; Conversation You have read the lesson ‘Attitude Is Altitude’. In the lesson when Nick was eight years old,

he went to his mother crying and told her that he wanted to kill himself. Now write a conversation between Nick and his mother in this context. Ans: Mother: What happened Nick? Why are you crying? Nick: Mum, I don’t want to live. I want to kill myself. Mother: Oh my God! Don’t do that. Why did you take that decision? Nick: I don’t have legs and hands. How can I live without them? Who will take care of me? Mother: Don’t worry my dear son. We are there to help you. We will take care of you. Nick: That’s ok mum. But how can I lead a normal life without limbs? Mother: You can do all things with practice. Nick: How can I write without hands? Mother: I am preparing a device to help you in writing. Nick: Then how can I go to School without legs? Mother: We will buy an electric wheelchair for you to go to school. Nick: Thank you mum. I love you.

Description: In the lesson, “I Will Do It”, you have read about the pioneer of India’s software industry, Mr. N.R. Narayana Murthy. Though he passed with a high rank in his IIT examination, his poor financial status didn’t allow him to study at IIT. His father expressed his helplessness to send him to IIT. Now, describe the thoughts of Murthy, when he lost the chance of studying at IIT, his unfulfilled dream. Ans:I got disappointed with my father’s decision. I didn’t expect this from my father. I am unlucky. I passed IIT entrance exam with a high rank. But I am unable to join IIT due to my family’s poor financial condition. My friends are going to join IIT. They will leave for Chennai soon. What shall I do now? We have shared good years in school and college together. But they are leaving now. It is difficult for me without them. But I must understand my family’s position. My father has five daughters to be married off and three sons to educate. He is a salaried person. In my opinion, anyone can do big things with hard work; it is not the institution. I will stay in Mysore only and continue my studies as per my father’s wish. I will do hard work and prove myself.

Diary entry

'And once I was in a car and a girl at traffic lights was giving me the eye. She could onlysee my head so I decided to do a 360 in the car seat to freak her out. 'Her face was like woooooooah what is going on? She sped off really quickly.' Now write the fearful feelings of the girl after this funny incident as a diary entry. Write the diary entry as if you were the girl. Ans: July 24, 2017 Monday Dear Diary,

Oh my God, I can't believe what I saw today. The guy was so handsome but - how could he turn round like a spinning top? I have never seen such a thing before. How could he do it? He rotated himself at such a speed. I could not make out anything of what was happening.Is he vampire or did he play a trick on me? What if he is a vampire? Should I tell it to others and inform the police

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about him? No, that would be a too hasty step. I don't even know him. Should I follow him and find out the reality about him or should I simply forget it? My heart missed a beat and my hands and legs became numb. I drove at jet speed to reach home. I dare not encounter him again. I wish the incident doesn't haunt me and pray not to get nightmares. God, please be with me.

Script for speech You have read about the lives of so many successful people in the lesson "Every Success Story Is also a Story of Great Failures". You have been asked to give a motivational speech to encourage the slow learners in your school. Now prepare a script for a speech. Ans:

Good morning, Respected teachers and my friends, Today I stand before you to throw a light on a few successful people we have readabout in

newspapers and magazines. Friends! When we look at such successful people we wish we too were successful like them. We think they are quite lucky to be successful but do you know that they are successful because of their failures?

Friends, the moment we see a bulb we think of Thomas Alva Edison. Do you know thathe was partially deaf and his teacher refused to teach him when he was very young and called him stupid?

Well, think of Colonel Sanders, at the age of 65 he started selling his mother's recipe ofmaking chicken. Friends, if you had to go door to door to sell your product how many doors would you knock? May be 10 or 20 or 50? We definitely give up our effort after it. But do you know that he knocked more than a thousand doors and today he stands here for his effort?

Friends, through these examples I only try to say that all the great and successfulpeople were many times dejected and did also become a laughing stock. People don't appreciate us unless we prove ourselves. So, friends, always try and never give up! Study skills – Tabular form 1. Study the following table about the animals and their fascinating facts.

Animal Where it lives Fascinating fact

Caterpillar all over the world has three times as many muscles as humans

Chameleon Forests in Africa and Madagascar can move its eyes in two different directions at the same time

Cockroach all over the world Can live for up to a week without a head

Crocodile Tropical climates Eats only about 50 meals a year

Giraffe Grasslands in Africa Tallest of animals; has only seven neck bones

Shark Oceans throughout the world Never runs out of teeth

Snail Almost everywhere – forests, deserts, rivers, ponds, oceans

Can sleep for almost three years without waking up

Octopus Oceans throughout the world Has three hearts

Now, answer the following questions.

(a) How many animals have been mentioned in the table? (b) Which animal can move its eyes in two different directions at the same time?

(c) Cockroach lives in __________________ i. All over the world, ii. Grasslands in Africa, iii. Tropical climates (d) ____________ animal can live for up to a week without head. i. giraffe, Chameleon, iii. Cockroach (e) Identify the true statement from the following.

i. Giraffe is the smallest of the animals

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ii. Octopus has three hearts iii. Crocodile lives in forests of Africa and Madagaskar

Ans: (a) eight animals (b) Chameleon (c) i (d) iii (e) ii 2. Study the following table about the courses and their subjects after 10th class

S No Arts/Humanities Science Commerce Vocational

1 English English English ……….

2 History Physics Business studies Fire and safety

3 Geography Chemistry Business Management Cyber Laws

4 Modern Indian Languages Mathematics Economics Interior Designing

5 Political Science Biology Accountancy Fashion Designing

6 Psychology Computers ---------------- Jewelry designing

Now, answer the following questions.

(a) How many courses were mentioned in the table? (b) How many subjects are there in Commerce course? (c) Psychology subject comes under ________________ course.

i.Arts and Humanities ii. Commerce iii. Science (d) English is not taught in ___________ course. i. Commerce ii. Vocational iii. Arts/Humanities (e) Identify the true statement from the following. i. Political Science is taught under Science course ii. Cyber law and Computers are in the same course iii. Economics is a Commerce subject Ans: (a) Four (b) five subjects (c) i (d)ii (e) iii

Pie diagram 1. Read the pie diagram about development expenditure of our country Now, answer the following questions: 5X1=5 a) What information is given in the pie diagram? b) Which field got the major share of allocation in expenditure? c) Which two sectors got equal allocation in expenditure? i) Energy power and transport

ii) Transport and Health iii) Agriculture and Public administration

d) What is the allocation for health sector in expenditure? I) 8% ii) 21% iii) 7% e) Choose the correct statement basing on the information provided in the table. I) Education and Information Technology got 19% allocation. II) Local government and the Rural Development is the highest allocated sector. III) Health and transport sectors got the same allocation. Ans:(a) Development expenditure of our country (b) Local govt and Rural development (c) i (d) iii (e) ii 2. Study the pie diagram aboutpercentage of expenditure in publishing a book. Now answer the following questions: 5X1=5

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What does the above pie chart show? (a) What is the major expenditure made in publishing a book? (b) Promotion cost is equal to___________ cost. i.royalty ii. Transportation iii. Paper (c) The difference in percentage between paper cost and printing cost is _________ i.5% ii. 45% iii. 25% (d) Identify the true statement from the following. i. Royalty on the book is 10 percent ii. Promotion cost is higher than printing cost iii. Transport cost is lesser than binding cost Ans: (a) percentage of expenditure in publishing a book (b) Paper cost (c) i (d) iii

TREE DIAGRAM 1. Study the tree diagram about plant kingdom

Now, answer the following questions. 5X1=5

(a) What is the tree diagram about?

(b) What are the two examples of conifers?

(c) Liverworts are a smaller group within the ____________ (I. Ferns, ii. Gymnosperms, iii.

Bryophytes)

(d) A palm is an example of _________________ (I. Monocots ii. Dicots iii. Ginkos)

(e) Identify the true statement from the following. i. The mosses are closely related to Gymnospermsii. Primrose is a small group within the dicots. iii. Two examples of ferns are the maidenhair and the Tree Ans: (a) plant kingdom (b) cedars and pines (c) iii (d) i (e) iii 2. Study the tree diagram about branches of literature.

Now, answer the following questions. 5X1=5

(a) What is the tree diagram about? (b) What are the main branches of literature? (c) Comedy and tragedy are the examples of ____________

i. short story ii. drama iii.novel

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(d) ___________ are the two kinds of poetry. I. Historical and Psychological ii. Realistic and Scientific iii. Imaginative and Realistic

(e) Identify the true statement from the following. i.Novels are five types ii.There are five types of short stories iii. Psychological and regional come under drama

Ans:(a) Branches of literature (b) Poerty, Drama, Novel, Short story (c) ii (d) iii (e) i

Bar diagram 1. Study the following bar diagram about temperatures in AP. Now answer the following questions: 5X1=5 (a) What is the temperature of Kadapa? (b) Which district had 34 degree Celsius in August? (c) The district that had the lowest temperature is…… i. Guntur ii. Krishna iii. ongole (d) Ongole’s temperature is ……….Celsius. i. 28 ii. 25 iii. 34 (e) Identify the true statement from the following. i) Ongole and Nellore have the same temperature. Ii) Kadapa has the highest temperature. iii) 20 Celsius is the lowest temperature in the above

table. Ans: (a) 37 degree Celsius (b) Guntur (c) ii (d) i (e) ii 2. Study the bar diagram aboutthe number of latecomers for college Now answer the following questions. 5X1=5 (a) What is the diagram about? (b) How many days have been shown on the diagram? (c) Fifteen students are late on _________ i. Friday ii.Mondayiii.Tuesday (d) The same number of students is late on ________ and

__________ i.Monday and Tuesday ii. Tuesday and Thursday iii.

Friday and Tuesday (e) Identify the true statement from the following. i. The maximum number of students is late on Monday ii. The most students are late on Thursday iii. There are 50 students shown on the diagram Ans: (a) About the number of latecomers for the college, (b) Five days, (c) I (d) ii (e) i

UNIT – 2 ; The Dear Departed – 1

Reading comprehension Read the following passages: 1. I’m amazed at you, Victoria. I really am. Be off now and change your dress before your Aunt

Elizabeth and your Uncle Ben come. Now answer the following questions:

a. What does I refer to in the passage? (Mrs. Slater)

0

10

20

30

40

The temperature in various districts in A.P in August ( in degree celsius)

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b. Who is Victoria? (Mrs. Slater’s daughter) c. Who are going to come there? (Elizabeth and Ben)

2. They’re coming to talk over poor grandpa’s affairs. Your father sent them a telegram as soon as he found he was dead.

Now answer the following questions: a. Who does ‘they’ refer to in the passage? (Elizabeth and Ben) b. Who is ‘grandpa’ mentioned in the passage (Abel Merry Weather) c. Who was dead? (Abel Merry Weather)

3. I’m wondering if they’ll come at all when you and Elizabeth quarreled, she said she’ll never set foot in your house again.

Now answer the following questions: a. Who is the speaker of these lines? (Henry) b. Who does ‘you’ refer to in the passage? (Mrs. Slater) c. What is the relation between Mrs.Slater and Elizabeth? (sisters)

4. They’ll stretch, won’t they? I’m not going to have them wasted. Now answer the following questions:

a. Who said these words? (Mrs. Slater) b. Who does ‘they’ refer to? (Elizabeth and Ben) c. Who are these words addressed to?(Henry)

5. Henry: Perhaps she’s got her eye on the bureau as well. Mrs.Slater: She’s never been here since father brought it. If it was only down here instead of in hisroom, she’d never guess it wasn’t our own.

Now answer the following questions: a. Who does ‘she’ refer to? (Elizabeth) b. What is the furniture mention here? (bureau) c. Where is the bureau placed? (In the Abel’s room)

VOCABULARY Read the paragraphs and write the synonyms of the underlined words using the words given in the box.

Arrive surprised vulgar truly not at all

Mrs. Slater: I’m amazed (a) at you, Victoria. I really (b) am. Be off now and change your dress before your aunt and uncle come (c). It would never (d) do for them to find you in colours with grandfather lying dead, upstairs. Ans: a) surprised b) truly c) arrive d) not at all

Pants hanging downwards bent forward think about surprising

(Henry slater, a stooping (a), heavy man with a drooping (b) moustache, enters. He is wearing a black tail coat grey trousers (c), a black tie and a bowler hat) Henry: I’m wondering (d) if they’ll come at all. Ans: a) bent forward b) hanging downwards c) pants d) surprising

Split fortunate aware of arrange scraps

Mrs. Slater: You don’t seem to realize (a) what its costing me to bear up like I’m doing. My heart’s fit to break (b) when I see the little trifles (c) that belonged to father lying around and think he’ll never use them again (Briskly) here! You’d better wear these slippers of my father’s now. Its lucky (d) he’d just got a new pair. Ans: a) aware of b) split c) scraps d) fortunate Read the paragraphs and write the antonyms of the underlined words: 1. Henry: You mustarrange (a) with Elizabeth when you are dividing (b) things up. Mrs. Slater: Elizabeth’s that sharp(c), she’ll see I’m after it, and we’ll drive a hard (d) bargain over it. Ans. A) disarrangeb) joining c) dull d) soft

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2. Mrs. Slater: She’s never (a) been here since father bought(b) it. If it was only down (c) here instead of in his room, she had never guess (d) it wasn’t our own. Ans: a) always b) sold c) up d) certainty 3. Victoria ushers (a) in Ben and Mrs. Jordan. The latter a stout(b) complacent woman with an irritating air of being always right(c). She is wearing outfit of new mourning (d). Ans: a) stops b) thin c) wrong d) rejoicing Fill in the blanks with right form of the words given in brackets: 1.Mrs. Slater: In the kitchen; but you _________ (want / went) (a)a new ________ (pare / pair) (b), those old ones are nearly ________(worn / warn ) (c) out. You don’t seem to ___________(realization/ realize) (d) what it’s costing me to bear up like I am doing. Ans: a) want b) pair c) worn d) realize 2. When we had ________(finish/finished) (a) dinner I thought I’d take up a _______(bit/bite) (b) of something on a tray. He was __________(laying/lying) (c) there for all the________(world/old) (d) as if he was asleep, so I put the tray down on the bureau. Ans: a) finished b) bit c) lying d) world 3. Mr. Jordan:Well, we’ll ________(thought/think) (a) about it after tea, and _______(then/than) (b) we’ll look through his bits of things and make a list_______( for/ of) (c) them. There’s all the_________ (furniture/furnitures) (d) in his room. Ans: a) think b) then c) of d) furniture Complete the spelling of the words with (ea, ie, ou, ae, ai, ia, iu) a) She’ll come fasten _ _ gh after her shade of what her father’s left. Ans: en ou gh b) I’ve been thinking about that bur _ _ u of my father. Ans: bureau a) She’s never been here since father b ou ght it. Ans: b _ _ ght b) Victoria app _ _ rs, dressed according to her mother’s instructions. Ans: app ea rs a) I’ll run up and move the ch _ _rs out of the way. Ans: ch ai rs b) The knocking is rep_ _ ted Ans: rep ea ted a) Our clock’s worth nothing and this always app _ _ led to me. Ans: app ea led b) Do you think he hasn’t p _ _ d? Ans: p ai d a) She is wearing the out of new m_ _ rning. Ans:m ou rning b) Mrs. Jordan is a st_ _ t woman. Ans: st ou t a) Mrs. Jordan s _ _ls into the room. Ans: sails b) He is too hon _ _ rable to have gone without paying his premium. Ans: hon ou rable Complete the words with correct suffixes given in the brackets. a) Mrs. Jordan is stout and complacent (sent/cent). b) He paid his insurance (rance/rence) premium. a) He is trying to adapt himself to the regrettable occasion (sion/tion) b) There is no jewellery (ery/ary) of that sort. a) The drunken old beggar (er/ar). b) They are transferred with amazement (mant/ment). a) Able’s bright, malicious (ius/ious) eyes twinkle under his eyebrows. b) She is such a an intelligent (ent/ant) Find the wrongly spelt words and write their correct spelling. a) curtain, vigorus, plump, vulgar Ans: Vigorous b) precocius, prepare, telegram, quarrel Ans: Precocious. a) enough, stright, affairs, fetch Ans Straight b) tail coat, bowler trougers, upstairs Ans: Trousers a) moustach, slippers, stretch, drawer Ans; moustache b) appeal, bureu, bargain, chair Ans: bureau a) handsome, repeat, mantil piece, shocked Ans) mantel piece. b) shabby, delicate, stupified, suppose Ans: stupefied

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Put the following words under the correct headings: 1) teacher, hospital,school,doctor,reporter, Shop, press,merchant

Personnel Places of work

1. teacher 1. school

2. doctor 2. hospital

3. reporter 3. press

4. merchant 4. shop

2) See-saw,bye-bye,pitter-patter,chit-chat, Bow-wow,ta-ta,boo-boo,aye-aye

Duplicatives Alliteratives

1. bye-bye 1. see-saw

2. ta-ta 2. pitter-patter

3. boo-boo 3. chit-chat

4. aye-aye 4. bow-wow

3) Cook, clinic, theatre, tailor, Chamber, poet, church, writer

Persons Places

1. cook 1. clinic

2. tailor 2. theatre

3. poet 3. chamber

4. writer 4. church

4) Generous, nervous,lazy,confident, Smart, arrogant, cowardly, creative

Positives Negatives

1. generous 1. nervous

2. confident 2. lazy

3. smart 3. arrogant

4. creative 4. cowardly

Use the following expressions in sentences of your own a) Phrasal verbs: 1. look after: The mother looks after her child. 2. got off: He got off the bus and went home. 3. took off: Mr. Henry took his coat off. 4. brought up: I was brought up by my grandparents. 5. cut off: The man cut his finger off in an accident. 6. run after: The dog ran after the cat.

b) Idiomatic expressions: 1. for ages: The house has been constructing for ages. 2. give way: The vehicles on the road, must give way to the ambulances. 3. set foot: I request you to set your foot in my shop. 4. get one’s own way: My uncle is generous in his own way. 5. get rid of: I want to get rid of my bad habits. 6. at a loss: They sold their house at a loss of 2 lakhs. 7. at length: He went on at length about his principles. 8. on purpose: He took that decision on purpose. 9. took by surprise: The magician took all of us by surprise by his tricks. 10. drove a hard bargain: The two sisters drove a hard bargain on their father’s property.

The Dear Departed – 2 Read the following passages: 1. What’s the matter with little Vicky? (He sees Ben and Mrs. Jordan) Hello! What brings you here?

How is yourself Ben? Now answer the following questions:

a. Who is the speaker of these words? (Abel Merry Weather) b. Who is the speaker talking to? (Ben and Mrs. Jordan) c. Who is referred to as Vicky? (Victoria)

2. You took us by surprise, father. Are you keeping quite well? Now answer the following questions:

a. Who is the speaker of this line? (Mrs. Jordan) b. Who is referred to as ‘father’? (Abel) c. Why is the speaker surprised? (because she thought that her father was dead)

3. Oh, Grandpa, I’m so glad you’re not dead. Now answer the following questions: a. Who does I refer to? (Victoria)

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b. Why was the speaker glad? (because her Grandpa is alive) c. Who is grandpa mentioned here? (Abel)

4. Why, Ben, you are in mourning! And Lizzie too. And Amelia and Henry and little Vickey! Who is gone dead? It’s someone in the family.

Now answer the following questions: a. Who is the speaker of these words? (Abel) b. Who is Lizzie mentioned here? (Mrs. Jordan) c. Who has actually gone dead (No body)

5. Isaac? And where did your brother Isaac die? Now answer the following questions:

a. Whose brother is Isaac? (Ben’s Brother) b. Who asked the above question? (Abel) c. Did Isaac really die? (No, he didn’t)

The Brave Potter (C Reading) Read the following passages: 1. An old tiger ran through the rain looking for shelter. He was wet and cold and his cave was

faraway. While hurrying to his shelter he saw an old hut. With a sigh of relief, the old tiger ran under the thatched roof and lay down by the door.

Now answer the following questions: a. Why did the tiger search for a shelter? (because it was raining) b. Why didn’t the tiger go to his cave? (it was far away) c. What did the tiger see? (an old hut)

2. ‘A leak?’ the tiger thought. ‘What is a leak? It must be very dangerous and strong or the womanwould not be more frightened of the leak than of me. Am I not rightly called the king of forest? Aren’t they all afraid of me? I wonder what the leak looks like…?

Now answer the following questions: a. What was the thought of the tiger about the leak? (very dangerous and strong beast) b. Who is actually the king of the forest? (tiger) c. What is the doubt of the tiger? (The tiger doubted that the leak was a dangerous creature)

3. ‘You horrible beast!’ a voice screamed angrily. How dare you run away? How dare you make mewalk about in the middle of the night trying to fine you! Be careful one of these days I’ll kill you! Now, go home. Now answer the following questions: 1. What is the horrible beast mentioned here according to the potter? (the donkey) 2. Who is the speaker of these words? (the potter) 3. Who is he actually speaking to? (the tiger)

4. The tiger felt a sharp kick on his side. The tiger was terrified and he ran through the forest. The creature pulled hard on the rope to tell him which way to go. At the same time, it scolded, cursed and kicked the poor tiger.

Now answer the following questions: a. Who is the ‘creature’ mentioned here? (the potter) b. ‘He ran through the forest’, Who does ‘he’ refer to? (the tiger) c. Who was scolded, cursed and kicked here? (the tiger)

5. On the afternoon of that day, a potter had arrived home after a hard day’s work. He was tired and thirsty. He had asked his wife for some palm-wine. The more he drank, the better he felt. When he had drunk all the wine he no longer felt tired.

Now answer the following questions: a. When did the potter arrive? (on the afternoon) b. Who gave him palm-wine? (his wife) c. When did he feel himself no longer tired? (After drinking all the wine)

PREPOSITIONS.

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Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions given in the brackets: 1. a) Victoria dressed according to (in spite of/according to) her mother’s instructions. b) I’m afraid of (at / of) lizards. 2. a) You should learn Hindi in addition to (in spite of / in addition to) English if you want to work in North India. b) Sita is good at (of/ at) painting. 3. a) Ravi did not attend the school due to ( by means of / due to) ill health. b) Manjeera completely recovered from (at/from) the shock. She is normal now. 4. a) I worked as Class Pupil Leader in place of Mr.Ranga, who is sick. b) This new building belongs to ( in / to ) my aunt. 5. a) Ramaiah works hard for the sake ( for the sake of / in spite of)of his family. b) Please listen to (from/ to) your elders. They are very wise. Conversation You have read the lesson’ The Dear Departed – 2’ and Knew that Mr. Abel decided to leave his daughter his daughters Amelia and Elizabeth to marry Mrs. John Shorrocks who kept a restaurant .

Now, Write a possible conversation among his daughtersand sons-in-law. Ans: Conversation Amelia: Oh! See Elizabeth, dad feels deeply hurt. Elizabeth: that’s because of you Amelia. Amelia: No, it’s you who have made him angry. Elizabeth: Oh, my goodness! He has decided to marry Mrs. John Shorrocks. Amelia: If it happens we can’t get even a single penny. Henry: Stay calm both of you! Both of you have not treated him as a father. So, he hated all of us. Ben: Please leave it, we have to think about how to change our father-in-law’s mindset now. Henry: Yes, you are right. Otherwise he will marry that woman. Elizabeth: Listen everybody. We all should be on one word to convince him to live with us. Amelia: That’s a good Idea. Henry: Who will call him back? Amelia: I have an Idea. We’ll send Victoria to father. She’ll request father to live with us. Victoria: Okay I’ll call grandpa. But you should treat him gently here after. All: Okay, Sure sweet heart!

DESCRIPTION In the lesson ‘The Dear Departed’, you know how the two daughters for the things of their father. Imagine you are their father, and write a description describing your agony.

Ans: How can I forget the behavior of my two daughters? I brought them up with a lot of love and affection. I spent more money for their studies and even for their marriages. How could they neglect me and treat like that? Even my sons-in -law following their wives planned to cheat me. I understood that they’ll share all my property even when I’m alive. But it’s not totally their fault. The generation gap is like that. It changed their minds to behave this way. I announced that I’m going to leave my property to whoever I’m living with up to my death. Okay, I’ll give that last chance to them. In fact, how can I marry another woman at this age? I just used this trick to teach them a lesson. Let me see what will happen.

DIARY In the lesson ‘The Brave Potter’ the king ordered the potter to lead the army. The potter frightened. That night he writes a diary entry expressing his fears and future plans. Imagine you are the potter and enter your feelings in your diary.

Ans: 05th June XXXX 09:00 p.m. Dear Diary,

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Today is a very bad day for me. I was totally disappointed as the king ordered me to lead the army. How can I lead the army? Because of that unexpected Incident, the king and his men are thinking that I’m a brave person. But I only know that I am not at all a brave person. I don’t know how to ride a horse. If failed to convince the king. I was speechless when the king ordered me. How can I escape from this problem? If I say the fact about me, He will definitely kill me. So, I must think a plan to cope with this problem. Okay, I’ll sleep now and think about the problem tomorrow.

WRITING A SPEECH You have read the lesson ‘The Dear Departed-2’.You learnt the way Mr. Abel was treated by his two daughters. On the occasion of World Elder’s day on October first, prepare a speech to present it in your school to make students respect the parents.

Our beloved Head Master Sri K. Rama Kirshna Garu, respected Teachers and my dear Friends. Good Morning to all. I wish you a Happy World elders day! I would like to deliver a speech on this great occasion. It’s everybody’s responsibility to respect elders and treat them with love and affection. Every day in the school assembly we take oath that we should respect parents, teachers and all elders. We should abide by that. Now-a-days many people are neglecting their parents. They treat them as if they are old and weak. Even though they are physically weak, they have and experienced brains. They brought up us with great affection. We must remember their love and shouldn’t neglect them. We must respect them in all aspects. We must oppose our elders sending their aged parents to the old age homes. I hope my words will make an impact on you. With these few words I conclude my speech. Thank you very much for giving me this opportunity.

Paper II Question – 2 Reading comprehension (UNSEEN)

Model - 1 Mark twain was waiting for the train one day when he met a friend. That friend had no money, but he wanted to travel on the same train. So, he asked Mark Twain to lend him some money to purchase a ticket. “I don’t have any money either”, said the writer. “But why don’t you just get into my compartment and hide under seat? Nobody will see you there”. The friend thought it was a good idea. When the train drew in, he got into the Mark Twain’s compartment and hide under the seat. After a while the ticket checker came and the friend huddling under the seat heard the ticket collector ask Mark Twain, “Who is the second ticket for.” And he heard the author answer, “It’s for my friend. He is under my seat. That’s where he likes to sit.” 1. Where did Mark Twain meet his friend? A. In the railway station. 2. Why did the friend ask Mark Twain some money for? A. To buy a ticket. 3. Mark Twain asked his friend to hide under the seat because___________ ( b ) a) He didn’t want to buy the ticket b) He wanted to play the trick on him. c) he didn’t have money to buy the ticket. 4. In the end it turned out that ( c ) a) The friend didn’t need a ticket. b) The ticket checker gave him a ticket c) Mark Twain had brought him a ticket. 5. Identify the true statement from the following. i) Mark Twain met his friend on train ii) Mark Twain bought two tickets. iii) Mark Twain hid under the seat.

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Ans: ii. Model – 2 Read the following passage. Abou Ben Adhem was a good and kind man. He’d helped others. One night he woke up all of a sudden. He saw an angel with a bright light. The angel was writing something in a book of gold. Abou asked her what she was writing. The angel replied that she was writing the names of those who loved god. Abou curiously asked her whether his name was in the list. The angel replied that his name was not there. Then Abou Ben Adhem asked for the list of people whom god loved. He prayed the angel to write his name as one who loved his fellowmen. The angel wrote something and disappeared. Next night the angel appeared again. She showed the list of those who were loved by god. Abou found his name on the top of the list. Questions: 1. Who was writing something in the book of gold? A. An Angel 2. Was Abou’s name in the book of gold first? A. No 3. Abou prayed the angel to write his name as__________ ( b) a) One who loved god b) one who loved his fellowmen c) one who worshipped god 4. Abou saw an Angel. ( c ) a) in the early morning b) in his dream c) at night 5. Identify the true statement from the following: i) Abou’s name was finally written in the book of gold. ( True ) ii) Abou asked the angel to write his name as one who loved god. ( ) iii) Abou’s name was at the end of the list. ( )

UNIT – 3 A READING – THE JOURNEY Read the following passages and answer the following questions I. My parents had arranged my marriage, according to the customs of our tribal society. Time flew

and five months into my marriage I realized it. Initially I thought of extending my leave-even taking unpaid leave. 1.What did his parents do? A. His parents arranged his marriage. 2. What kind of society did he belong to? A. Tribal society. 3. What kind of leave did he want to extend? A. Unpaid leave.

II. I protested. How could I allow my old father to carry my trunk? What would people think? What would they say? But I failed to dissuade him? It was decided that father would carry the chest. 1. Who does ‘ I ’ refer to ? A. The narrator. 2. Who is questioning and whom? A. The narrator is questioning himself. 3. What do you mean by ‘ dissuade’? A. To convince some one not to something

III. Having walked fast I was tired. Moreover, I had to cross two hills on the way up to the spot. I quickly sat down on a rock. My father laughed at my plight. 1. Why was he tired? A. Because he walked fast. 2. How long should he to walk to the spot? A. He had to cross two hills. 3. Why did his father laugh at him? A. The writer got tired just by walking some distance.

So his father laughed at him. IV. We were walking up a narrow hilly road, and neither of us uttered a word as if we were strangers

who spoke different languages. 1. Who does ‘we’ refer to? A. The narrator and his father. 2. Why did he say as if they were strangers? A. Because they did not utter a word with each other. 3. What happens of two different language speaking people did the journey? A. They can’t talk with one another as they don’t know other’s language.

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V. From time to time it crossed my mind that it was improper for me to let father carry the language. I wanted to tell him that I would like to carry the trunk myself, but my guilt and shame did not allow me to do so. 1. What was improper that he did? A. To let his father carry the luggage. 2. What was the narrator’s luggage? A. The trunk. 3. Why didn’t he carry his luggage? A. Because he felt guilt and shame.

SYNONYMS Write the synonyms of the underlined words.

I. enjoying, anxiety, give up, manual, mankind, hard work In fact, carrying the trunk should not have been such a worry for me except that my education

had made shun(a)physical(b)labour.(c) After all, I was a government officer and the idea of people seeing me carry my own luggage was not at all amusing.(d)

Ans. A) give up B) manual C) hard work D) anxiety

II. understand, genuinely, high regard, reverence, achieve

Father had provided for my education and I had been able to realize(a) his dreams. My parents were truly (b)proud of me. It was through me that they had earned a greater degree of admiration(c) respect(d) from the villagers.

Ans. A) achieve B) genuinely C) reverence D) high regard

III. in opposition, delay, late, at last, continuing Initially I thought of extending(a) my leave even taking unpaid leave. But after some dilly-

dallying(b)I finally(c) decided against(d) it because marriage had increased my responsibilities and I had got into debt.

Ans. A) continuing B) delay C) at last/ultimately D) in opposition

IV. objected, un willingly, purchase, persuade

My fatherprotested.(a) “Give me an old pair. You don’t have to spend money on new shoes. I couldn’t convince(b) him to buy(c) a new pair. Reluctantly(d)I gave him the hunting boots I was wearing.

Ans. A) objected /disapproved B) persuade C) purchase D) unwillingly ANTONYMS I. Initially (a)I thought of extending my leave-even taking unpaid (b) leave. But after some

dillydallying. I finally decided against it became marriage bad increased (c) my responsibilities and I had got into debt.(e)

Ans. A) finally B) paid C) before D) decreased E) credit II. The problem (a) now (b) was we couldn’t find anyone who could help (c) me carry the trunk

to the bus-stop. At another time of the year we would have easily (d) found someone to help me, but now most of the villagers were busy (e) in the fields.

Ans. A) solution B) then C) hinder D) difficultly E) idle III. Alarge (a) crowd gathered (b) at our place the day I was to leave. People had come to wish me

luck. (c) It was 10-20when I left Dirang. My father had already left. As I had to do a bit of catching up. I walked fast. (d) Three kilometers down the road. I caught up with my father. Father said, “you are late.(e)”

Ans. A) small B) scattered/dispersed C) unluck D) slow E) early IV. Father had provided for my education and I had been able (a) to realize his dreams. My

parents were truly proud (b) of me. It was through me that they had earned (c) a greater (d) degree of admiration and respect (e) from the villager

Ans. A) unable B) humble C) unearned D) lesser E) disrespect RIGHT FORMS Fill in the blanks with right form of the words given in the brackets: I. After spending _____(a) (leisure/leisurely) Sunday at home, the very thought of returning to

work on Monday is tiring. Lethargy creeps in if the holiday continues over an ____(b) (extended / extend) period. That is how I felt when I was preparing to ____(c)

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(return/returning) to my place of work after spending six months at home. The fact that I was to leave behind my newly-wed-wife and go to a far-off place did not help either______(d) (obvious/obviously) I did not want to go.

Ans. A) leisurely B) extended C) return D) obviously II. Father was ____(a) (quiet/quietly) for sometimes. He ____(b) (thought/thoughtfully) looked at

the sun for a moment, and then his eyes _____(c) (fall/fell) on the can of home-made wine that I was ____(d) (carrying / carried) wetting his lips with his tongue he said in a matter-of-fact manner, ‘I am thirsty.’

Ans. A) quiet B) thoughtfully C) fell D) carrying III. Father had provided for my ____(a) (educate/education), and I had been able to ______(b)

(realization/realize) his dreams. My parents were truly proud of me. It was _____(c) (through/thoroughly) me that they had earned a ______(d) ( great/greater) degree of admirationrespect from the villagers.

Ans. A) education B) realize C) through D) greater VOWEL CLUSTERS Complete the following words with ie, ee, ai, ia, ei, ae, ua, au, iu, ui, ou, uo, ea, oo. I. Ours is a hilly terr__ __ n (a) without any r __ __ ds(b) Ans.A) ai B) oa

2. After spending l__ __ surely(a) Sunday at home, the very th__ __ ght(b) of returning to work. Ans. A) ei B) ou 3. Lethargy cr__ __ ps(a) in if the holiday continues over an extended per__ __d(b)Ans. A)ee B) io 4. I had come home this time r __ __nd(a)for a spec__ __ l(b) purpose.Ans. A) ou B) ia 5. Init__ __ lly(a) I thought of extending my l__ __ ve(b)Ans. A) ia B) ea 6. I finally decided ag__ __nst(a) it because marr__ __ge(b) had increased my responsibilities and I

had got into debt.Ans. A) ai B) ia SUFFIXES Complete the words with correct suffixes given in brackets: 1. Finally my father came up with a solu____(a) (sion/tion) so this little dist_____(b) (ence/ance) has

tired you.Ans. A) solution B) distance 2. He thought_____(a) (fuly/ fully) looked at the sun for a mom_____ (b)(amt/ent) and then his eyes

fell on the can of home-made wine that I was carrying.Ans. A) thoughtfully B) moment 3. This self-conscious_____(a) (ness/nes) had probably to do with my educa______(b) (sion/tion),

the white-collar job that I had or quite simply my pride.Ans. A) self-consciousness B) education

4. Father had provided for my education, and I had been able to real____(a) (ize/ise) my parents were tru_____(b) (ly/lly)proud of me.Ans. A) realize B) truly

5. I had never got used to physic____(a) (cle/cal) labour having stayed in hostels right from my child____(b) (hud/hood) Ans. A) physicalB) childhood

SPELLING CORRECTIONS Find the wrongly spelt words and write their correct spelling: 1. leisurly, returning, lethargy, extended (a) leisurely 2. continew, spend, prepare, creeps (a) continue 3. decide, extend, responcibilty, marriage (a) responsibility 4. physical, except, busy, lugjage (a) luggage 5. dissade, decide, protest, solution (a) dissuade CLASSIFICATION OF WORDS PHRASAL VERBS Use the following expressions in sentences of your own. 1. leave behind :My brother went to America left behind my parents. 2. see off :Mr. Murthy saw his friends off at the railway station on D-Day 3. catch up :The hare did not catch up with the tortoise in the race. 4. give up :King Ashokagave up wars after Kalinga battle.

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5. freak out :Some people just freak out when they heard the news. 6. kick down :She was forced to kick down the front door. TENSES (VERB FORMS) I. Fill in the blanks with right form of verb: 1. I quickly ______(sit) down on rock. My father ______ (laugh) at my plight. (A. sat , laughed) 2. When the children ______ (see) their teacher, they ______(stop) shouting.( Ans.: saw ,

stopped) 3. He ____ (get) married last month. (A. got) 4. I ______ (lose) my purse when I was standing at the bus-stop. ( Ans. lost) 5. When we arrived at the station, the train has _____(leave) the station. (has left) 6. Last Sunday we ______(enjoy) watching crocodiles in the sea. (Ans.enjoyed) 7. I ______( see ) Mohan posting a letter. (Ans.saw) 8. My father _____(come) when I writing my homework. (Ans. came) 9. Ravi _______(have) already ______(finish) his drawing by the time his teacher asked him. (Ans.

had, finished) 10. I saw Madhu. But he ________ (have) already _____ (cross) the road. (A. had, crossed) READING- B Once upon a time (Poem) I. Once up on a time, son, they used to laugh with their hearts and laugh with their eyes:

1. Who is speaking to whom? A. The poet is speaking to his son. 2. When did people laugh with their hearts? A. In olden days. 3. What does ‘they’ refer to? . The people.

II. But now they only laugh with their teeth while their ice-block-cold eyes search behind my shadow. 1. How do the people laugh now? A. Only with their teeth. 2. Where do their eyes search? A. Behind his shadow. 3. What is the poet saying? A. The human relations at present.

III. There was a time indeed.They used to shake hands with their hearts, but that’s gone, son.Now they shake hands without hearts while their left hands search my empty pockets.

1. How were the people in the past? A. The people used to shake hands heart fully. 2. What has gone? A. Genuine in their actions and pure feelings of people. 3. How are the people in present days? A. The people shake hands without hearts.

IV. So I have learned many things, son I have learned to wear many faces like dresses-home face, office face, Street face, host face, cocktail face, with all their conforming smiles like a fixed portrait smile.

1. What did he learn? A. He learned to wear many faces and many things. 2. What do you meant by ‘portrait’? A. A painting, drawing or photograph of a person. 3. What is ‘wearing many faces’ compared to?A. Compared to many dresses we change and wear.

V. But believe me, son I want to be what I used to be when I was like you. I want to unlearn all these muting things. Most of all, I want to relearn how to laugh, for my laugh in the mirror shows only my teeth like a snake’s bare tangs?

1. What does the poet want to relearn? A. To laugh and to shake hands etc. 2. What do you mean by the first 3 lines? A. He wants to laugh sincerely as the children do. 3. What are the muting things? A. Expressionless laugh and speech.

POLITE FORMS – ADVICE 1. Your friend is rather fat and wants lose weight. Advise her to do yoga every day. A. “ You should do yoga daily to lose weight.” 2. Your sister is wasting time in chatting. Advise her to stop it and study well. A. “It is not good washing time in chatting and study well.” 3. Your uncle smokes a lot. Advise him to give up smoking .

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A. “You should stop smoking.” 4. Your friend is cutting a tree. Advise him not to cut the tree. A. “You should not cut the tree. You should protect trees and protect environment.” 5. Your friend is planning to visit some places in Tamil Nadu. Advise him to learn a few words in

Tamil. A. “ You should learn a few words in Tamil before you visit Tamil Nadu.” 6. Your friend appears to be a good runner. Advise him to join a sports school. A. “It is better you join a sports school.” READING- C What is my name? Read the following passages and answer the following questions. I. Falling for her beauty and intelligence, as also the dowry which her father offered, a young man

tied the three sacred knots around her neck, made her the house wife to a husband and said to her, ‘Look Ammalu, this is your home.’ 1. Why did the young man marry the woman? A. Falling for her beauty and intelligence and the dowry which her father offered. 2. Who is ‘Ammalu’ in the passage? A. The woman whom the young man married. 3. What is dowry? A. Dowry is in the form of money which a woman’s parents give to man who marries her.

II. Over joyed, the housewife began living with swabbing as the chief mission in her life. 1. Why was she overjoyed? A. Because her husband appreciated her. 2. Who was the house wife? A. Mrs. Sarada. 3. How did she feel about swabbing? A. As the chief mission in her life.

III. What shall I do now? The house wife was perturbed. Her mind became totally restless. Somehow she finished her daubing for the day. 1. Who questioned to whom? A. MrsSarada questioned herself. 2. What do you mean by ‘perturbed’? A. disturbed. 3. Why did she become totally restless? A. Because she forgot her name and thought to recall her name.

IV. “You are amma– your name is amma only – ever since we were born we have known only this the letters that come are only in father’s name. 1. “You are amma – your name is amma only” Whose words are these? A. Mrs. Sarada’s children’s words. 2. In whose name do the letters come? A. In their father’s name. 3. Who is amma in the passage? A. Mrs. Sarada.

V. It’s no use. What can even my children’s friends say – they know me only as Kamala’s mother or some aunty, now my respected husband – is the only hope – if anyone remembers it, it is only he. 1. Who is Kamala? A. Mrs. Sarada’s daughter. 2. Who is the person to remember her name? A. Her husband. 3. What does ‘it’ refer to? A. It is her name.

CONVERSATION In the lesson “The journey” you have read that the narrator tried to find some villager to carry

his chest. But most of the villagers were busy with their work. He felt that people would laugh at him if they saw him carrying his luggage. Finally, his father accepted to do it. Now write a possible conversation between the narrator and his father: Narrator : Father, I think I am going to face a problem? Father : What happened my son? What’s your problem? Narrator : It’s about my luggage father, No one is here to carry it up to the bus station. Father : You are right. Most of the villagers are busy with their work. We can’t find even a

single person to carry it. Narrator : That’s what I am worrying about? Father : But you don’t worry about it. I can able to carry your trunk?

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Narrator : You?... No, no father I won’t allow you to carry it. Father : Why my son? You see, I can bear physical labour. Narrator : But you are old and weak. It’s a heavy chest. How can you carry it father? Let me carry

Itmyself. Father : See my son, you shouldn’t do it as a government officer. The villagers will under

estimate you.Moreover, it is difficult you to carry it. Narrator : I do feel the same, the villagers would laugh at me if I carry the luggage. But I feel sorry

aboutthis situation Father : You are right. So, let me carry it up to bus station. Narrator : But how can I allow you to do so father? Isn’t not shameful to me? Father : No, no don’t feel like that my son, more over I have to see you off at Dirang. Narrator : O.K. father thank you! DESCRIPTION

In the lesson “The journey” you have read that their journey darted in two opposite directions. The narrator seated in the luxurious seat of a bus and father walked back with heavy legs on the pebble-strewn road. Now imagine you were the narrator and describe the thoughts of him after his father left Dirang: Ans: Oh! What a pitiable thing it is! How could I allow my dear father to carry my luggage? I found

many cracks on his feet as they formed by carrying my heavy chest. He walked throughout the way without foot wear. Now he is going back home with those wounded feet. What a fool I am? I really made a big mistake by doing so. I couldn’t think that the road is a pebble-strewn one. He has done such a hard work to bring me to this higher position. He also sacrificed his life for my future. Now I am travelling in a luxurious bus and my poor father is walking back with heavy legs on the pebble-strewn road. How can he reach the home? This situation shouldn’t be continued later. So, I’ll make his life happy by providing all the necessities that he need. When I visit my home next time, I ‘ll bring him a pair of new shoes with my salary. I’ll try to learn the value for the dignity of labour and try to avoid work-shyness in my mind.

DIARY ENTRY You have read the lesson “What Is My name?”. In this lesson Sarada swabs the entire house

and decorated the floor with muggulu design and appreciated by her husband. That night she is elated and writes a diary entry.

Now imagine that you are Sarada and write a diary entry: Answer:

Tues day, 19th June,2018, 9.30 pm. Dear diary, Today is a very happy day in my life as my dear husband appreciated me for my work. At first I was lazy to discharge my household duties. Then, I swabbed the entire house and decorated the floor with muggulu designs. I really felt very happy for my work. Yes, its my own house. I should keep it clean. It may pain my body but I have to do this hard work for the sake of my family. I don’t think it is a slavery because it’s my own house. I would like to do all these things for the welfare of my family. I’ll develop more interest from tomorrow onwards to clean my home in a better way. I’ll try to scrub the floor spotlessly and decorate it with more multi-colour designs. I should allow my husband and my children to appreciate my work a lot.

SPEECH You have gone through poem the “Once upon a Time”. In this poem the poet mentioned two types of expressions of the people. Now prepare a script for speech based on the poet’s opinion on the two expressions to use it in the school assembly:

Ans: Our beloved Headmaster sir, respected teachers and my friends, good morning everybody.

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Today I would like to share some of my views regarding the expressions of the poet in the poem “Once upon a time”. According to the poet the past seems to be better than the present. The people on those days laugh with their hearts but not with their teeth like now- a- days. They used to shake hands whole heartedly. But now people made it artificial. We can find un natural things everywhere in our society. The poet is right in expressing his concept that now-a- days people are wearing many faces like many dresses.

In this connection, I request all of you to behave naturally with everyone. Help needy with whole heart. Please maintain good relationships with all friends and relatives even though there are some mistakes in them.

With these few words I conclude my speech. Thank you all for listening to me. READING COMPREHENSION Q- 3 Paper II (Unseen – Jumbled Sentences)

(1) Read the following passage carefully: Once a college student was a boy scout. He was selected as the best cadet. An award was

to be given on the Republic day i.e, 26th January. The boy started for school. He dressed himself very carefully. He was in his school uniform.

On the way he saw a road accident. An old man was knocked down by a motor cyclist. He took pity on old man. He did not think of the school function. He took the old man to hospital. He went late to the function. His uniform became dirty with blood stains.

The Principal got angry with the boy for coming late to the function with dirty uniform. The boy explained what had happened. The chief guest praised him for his good deed. He gave the best cadet award and also a special present for his timely act. Now arrange the following sentences in a meaningful order: a) The boy dressed carefully in a neat uniform to receive the award. b) The Principal got angry with the boy for coming late to the function. c) The boy was selected as the best cadet. d) The chief guest praised the boy for his timely act and gave the award. e) The boy felt pity on the old man and took him to the hospital.

Ans: c, a, e, b, d 2. Read the following passage carefully:

It was Emperor Akbar’s court. Akbar announced in the court that someone had hit him on his cheek and pulled his beard that day has not asked the courtiers how he should punish that person. Some of the courtiers shouted to kill him and others told the Emperor to cut off his head. Birbal was also present there. He simply laughed. He advised Akbar to kiss the person who had hit him and give him sweets. On hearing this the courtiers were shocked. Then Birbal said that it must be the emperor’s son as no one else could dare to do like that Akbar was pleased with Birbal’s judgement and rewarded him for his wisdom. Now arrange the following sentences in a meaningful order: a) The courtiers should to kill the person who hit the king on his cheek. b) Akbar was pleased with Birbal’s judgement. c) The courtiers were shocked to hear the Birbal’s advice. d) Akbar announced in his court that someone had hit him on his check and pulled his beard. e) Birbal advised the king to kiss and give sweets to the person.

Ans: d, a, e, c, b ********

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UNIT – IV

Reading Comprehension: Rendezvous with Ray 1. Read the following. It was a unique friendship that developed between a French-Canadian priest and one of the

world’s greatest film directors, and had a singular impact on Bengali films both academically and practically.

Now answer the following questions. 1. Who was the French Canadian Priest mentioned in the passage? Ans: GatsonRoberge 2. Who was the great film-director mentioned in the passage? Ans: Satyajit Ray. 3. How did they serve the Bengali films? Ans: They made several films in Bengali and also they established a film institute called ‘Chitrabani’ to train the local talent.

2. Read the following. In his latest book, Satyajit Ray,Essays:1970-2005, a compilation of his essays as the name suggests, being published by Manohar Publishers, New Delhi, Roberge provides a scholarly, original analysis of Ray’s works, giving an insight into the greatness of Ray both as a person and as an artist. Now answer the following questions. a) What sort of a book was it? Ans: It was a compilation of essays. b) Who published the book? Ans: Manohar Publishers. c) How did the writer give an insight into the greatness of Ray? Ans: By revealing the character of Ray as a great human being and also a great artist.

3. Read the following. It took him nine years after reaching Calcutta (now Kolkata) and joining St.Xavier’s College, to muster up the confidence to meet Ray in person. Now answer the following questions. a) Who was the ‘person’ mentioned in the passage? Ans:Roberge b) How many years he took to muster up the confidence to meet Ray? Ans: Nine years c) Why did he take such a long time to meet Ray in person? Ans: He wanted to get to know about Ray and his works.

4 Read the following. It was a very quiet friendship that developed over the years. Manikda [as Ray was affectionately called by his friends] was a shy person and always very discreet about displaying his emotions. Now answer the following questions. a) Whose friendship was mentioned in the passage? Ans: Friendship between Ray & Roberge. b) How was Ray affectionately called by his friends? Ans: Manikda. c) What type of a person was Ray? Ans: He was a shy person.

5. Read the following. Roberge does not endorse the accusation of Ray’s detractors that the master director made his reputation selling India’s poverty to the West. Now answer the following questions. a) Who was the master director? Ans: Satyajit Ray b) What was the accusation made by his directors? Ans: He made his reputation by selling India’s poverty to the west. c) What was of the opinion of Roberge on the accusation made by the Ray’s detractors? Ans: He did not support the Ray’s detractors. He supported Ray.

Vocabulary 1.Read the paragraph and write the synonyms of the underlined words choosing from the words given in the box.

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made familiarize, a set of three films, occasion, on the way, consider, short stay on a long journey

It was enroute (a) to India in1961, at a stopover (b) in New York, that 26-year- old Fr. Gaston Roberge was acquainted (c) with the works of Satyajit Ray through the ApuTrilogy. (d) Ans: a) on the way, b) short stay on a long journey, c) made familiarize, d) a set of three films 2.Read the paragraph and write the synonyms of the underlined words choosing from the words given in the box.

critics, briefly shut, support, poorness, popularity, modesty

Roberge does not endorse (a) the accusation of Ray’s detractors (b) that the master director made his reputation (c) selling India’s poverty (d)to the West. Ans: a) support b) critics c) popularity d) poorness 3.Read the paragraph and write the synonyms of the underlined words choosing from the words given in the box.

section, height, bulk or solid size, unfavourable, useful, having the power of understanding

Though to outsiders, Ray’s massive (a) stature (b)- physical and intellectual (c) - might have made him come across as cold, aloof (d) and even intimidating. Ans: a) bulk of solid size b) height c) having the power of understanding d) unfavorable 1. Read the following paragraph and write the antonyms of the underlined words. It was a unique (a) friendship that developed (b) between a French-Canadian priest and one of the world’s greatest (c) film directors, and had a singular (d) impact on Bengali films both academically and practically. Ans: a) general/popular b) undeveloped c) amateur/inefficient d) common/popular 2.Read the following paragraph and write the antonyms of the underlined words. In his latest (a) book, Satyajit Ray,Essays:1970-2005, a compilation of his essays as the name suggests, being published by Manohar Publishers, New Delhi, Roberge provides a scholarly,(b) original (c) analysis of Ray’s works, giving an insight (d) into the greatness of Ray both as a person and as an artist. Ans: a) earliest b) unscholarly c) copy/duplicate d) foolishness 3.Read the following paragraph and write the antonyms of the underlined words. When they finally (a) met, it was the beginning (b) of a close friendship (c) that lasted 22 years- until Ray’s death (d) in 1992. Ans: a) initially/first b) end c) enmity d) birth 1.Fill in the following blanks with the right form of the words given in brackets. Roberge does not _______ (a) (endorse/endorsed) the _________ (b) (accuse/accusation) of Ray’s detractors that the master director made his ____________ (c) (repute/reputation) selling India’s ___________ (d) (poverty/poor) to the West. Ans: a) endorse b) accusation c) reputation d) poverty 2.Fill in the following blanks with the right form of the words given in brackets. It was a very quiet _______________ (a) (friendliness/friendship) that ______________ (b) (develop/developed) over the years. Manikda [as Ray was __________________ (c) (affectionately/affection) called by his friends] was a shy person and always very _________________ (d) (discreetly/discreet) about displaying his emotions. Ans: a) friendship b) developed c) affectionately d) discreet 3.Fill in the following blanks with the right form of the words given in brackets. It was an unspoken __________________(a) (arrangement/arranged) between the two of them to meet on Sundays at 9 a.m. at Ray’s ______________ (b) (resident/residence) on Bishop Lefroy Road, Kolkata. Ray would ________________ (c) (invited/invite) Roberge over for private screenings of his ___________ (d) (late/latest) films. Ans: a) arrangement b) residence c) invited d) latest Complete the spelling of the words with ‘ea’, ‘ie’, ‘ee’, ‘ae’, ‘ou’ ‘ai’ ‘ua’ (vowel clusters) 1. It was a unique friendship that developed betw_ _ n Ray and Roberge. Ans: between 2. Roberge is once a French – Canadian pr _ _ st.Ans: priest

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3. It was enr _ _ te to India in 1961, Roberge was acqu _ _ nted with the works of Rays. Ans: enroute acquainted 4. His longstanding love with the people of India, led to path br _ _ king work in the field of cinema. Ans: breaking 5. What struck me most was enormous spiri _ _ l poverty of some rich people. Ans: spiritual 6. I was here on a q _ _ st to know the world. Ans: quest 7. Alth _ _ gh I wanted to meet him right away, I didn’t want to go and see. Ans: although 8. It was the beginning of a close fr _ _ ndship. Ans: friendship Complete the words with correct suffixes given in brackets. 1. ‘Satyajit Ray, Essays: 1970 – 2005’ is a compila______ (shion/tion) of essays by Roberge. Ans: compilation 2. Roberge does not endorse the accusa_____ (tion/sion) of Ray’s detractors. Ans: accusation 3. The master director made his reputa________ (tion/sion) selling India’s poverty to the West. Ans: reputation 4. Roberge does not speak with the arrog_________ (ence/ance) of the West. Ans: arrogance 5. It took him nine years to muster up the confid_______ (ance/ence) to meet Ray in person. Ans: confidence 6. It was an unspoken arrangement between the two of them to meet at Ray’s Resid___.(ance/ence) Ans: residence Find out the wrongly spelt word and write its correct spelling. 1. priest uneque great impact Ans: unique 2. route stopover acqiuent world Ans: acquaint 3. faccinate film affair culture Ans: fascinate 4. latest compiliaation essay original Ans: compilation 5. insight person acusation detractors Ans: accusation 6. reputation povery enormous maiterial Ans: material 7. quest prossess convert museum Ans: process 8. quiet discreet emosion stature Ans: emotion Arrange the following under correct headings. 1. Priest, trilogy, cinema, publisher, artist, film, detractor, book Ans: Persons Things 1. priest 1. trilogy 2. publisher 2. cinema 3. artist 3. film 4. detractor 4. book 2. elegance, arrogance, scholarly, hurt, shyness, disturbed, discreet, intellectual Ans: Good qualities Bad qualities 1. elegance 1. arrogance 2. scholarly 2. hurt 3. discreet 3. disturbed 4. intellectual 4. Shyness Use the following expressions in your own sentences. Phrasal verbs. 1. take off (to remove) Ans: The doctor took off my decayed tooth. 2. came across ( to find, usually by accident) Ans: I came across a tiger while going through the forest. Binominal expressions.

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1. part and parcel: (an integral part) Ans: Teaching morals to the students is part and parcel of education. 2. rough and ready: (almost finished) Ans: Building of the shopping mall on the market street is rough and ready. 3. leaps and bounds: (big leaps) Ans: When I met my childhood friend in the market my happiness grew by leaps and bounds. 4. bread and butter: (livelihood) Ans: I earn my bread and butter by fishing. 5. pick and choose: (a large choice) Ans: You can pick and choose any pen you like. 6. give and take: (help one another) Ans: Give and take is the best policy for happy living. 7. heart and soul: (dedicated) Ans: Kamal Hasan gave his heart and soul to acting. 8. thick and thin: (in difficult times) Ans: The whole country follows that great leader through thick and thin. 9. odds and ends: (unimportant things) Ans: This book contains material of odds and ends. Foreign expressions 1. enmasse (all together, in large number) Ans: The workers went on strike en masse. 2. viva voce (a spoken exam) Ans: He has done well in his viva voce. 3. intoto (totally) Ans: I agree with you in toto. 4. alma mater (mother of the soul[school/university]) S.V.University is the alma mater of people of Andhra Pradesh. 5. ex officio (included because of the rank or job/by virtue of office) And: Mr. Sobhan is the ex-officio member of the committee. 6. in absentia ( in the absence of) Ans: The judgement was given in absentia of the party. 7. detour ( a long route we take to avoid danger): The flight has to detour because of the war. 8. verbatim ( word for word, exactly as spoken or written) Ans: I can say the Bahubali dialogues verbatim. 9. status quo: (situation as it is now) Ans: The court ordered status quo in this case. 10. ad hoc (not planned in advance) Ans: The Government gave ad hoc orders. 11. bona fide (genuine, real or legal) Ans: I am a bona fide student of this school. 12. lingua franca (link language) Ans: English is the lingua franca of the world. 13. magnum opus ( the greatest work) : Ans: Bahubali is the magnum opus of Rajamouli. 14. sine die ( indefinitely) : Ans: The house was adjourned sine die. Match the following one-word substitutes with their meanings. PART – A PART-B 1. stop over [F ] A. A person who brings out new books. 2. publisher [A ] B. An impressive entrance to a building. 3. trilogy [D ] C. Using more words than needed. 4. portal [B ] D. A set of three films. E. A film that gives facts about something. F. A short stay between two places in one’s journey. Match the following one-word substitutes with their meanings. PART – A PART-B 1. detractor [C ] A. A person responsible for a problem or a crime. 2. colossus [D ] B. A result of a situation. 3. culprit [A ] C. A person who tries to criticize someone. 4. manuscript [F ] D. A person who is extremely important or large in size E. Something designed to teach morality to people. F. A hand written document. Match the following one-word substitutes with their meanings. PART – A PART-B 1. dictum [E ] A. A person who is not sure about the existence of

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God. 2. verbose [C ] B. Opening new path or approach. 3. didactic [F ] C. Using more words than needed. 4. agnostic [A ] D. An impressive entrance to a building. E. A statement that is true and to be followed. F. Something designed to teach morality to people. Change the following into a polite request. 1. You to a stranger in the bank: “Give me your pen.” Ans: Would you mind giving me your pen? / Please give me your pen. 2. You to your uncle: “Take medicines regularly.” Ans: Please take medicines regularly. 3. You to a stranger in a new place: “What is the way to railway station?” Ans: Could you please tell me the way to railway station. / Would you mind telling me the way to railway station. 4. You to your friend: “Lend me fifty rupees.” Ans: I would be very thankful if you lend me fifty rupees. / Would you mind lending me fifty rupees. / Could you please lendme fifty rupees. 5. You to a shopkeeper : “Tell me the price of this pen.” Ans: Could you please tell me the price of this pen. 6. An old man in the train to co-passenger: “Put my bag on the luggage rack.” Ans: Would you mind putting my bag on the luggage rack? / Please put my bag on the luggage rack.

B.Reading - Maya Bazaar Reading Comprehension 1) Read the following passage.

The film is considered one of the enduring classics of Indian cinema and was christened as a landmark achievement in Indian film's cinematography, art direction and VFX with the available technology during that time. Now answer the following questions. a)What is the name of the film mentioned in the passage? Ans: Maya Bazaar b) What were the outstanding qualities of the film? Ans: Cinematography, art direction and VFX with the available technology during that time. c) What does VFX stand for? Ans: Visual effects.

2 Read the following passage. Fifty years ago, director K.V. Reddy or for that matter, producers Nagireddy and Chakrapani, would not have imagined what they were unleashing when they decided to make MayaBazaar- a bilingual in Telugu and Tamil. Now answer the following questions. a) Who was the director of the film Maya Bazaar? Ans: K.V.Reddy. b) Who produced the film Maya Bazar? Ans) Nagi Reddy and Chakra Pani. c) What does the word ‘bilingual’ mean? Ans: Two languages/The ability to use (speak) two languages.

3 Read the following passage. The finished product hit the screen in 1957 to become a landmark movie in the Telugu film industry. Now answer the following questions. a) What was the finished product? Ans: The film Maya Bazaar. b) What is meant by the phrase ‘hit the screen’? Ans: To release in the theatres. c) When did the finished product hit the screen in the Telugu film industry? Ans: In 1957.

4 Read the following passage. It is a tribute to Telugu culture, language and customs of the land. The film was watched

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repeatedly soon after its release because people identified every character of the film with someone they knew in their immediate vicinity and the audience still do the same now. Now answer the following questions. a) What does ‘it’ in the passage refer to? Ans: The film Maya-Bazaar. b) What is the notable quality of the film? Ans: The film is a tribute to Telugu culture, language and customs of the land. c) Why was the film watched repeatedly? Ans: Because people identified every character of the film with someone they knew in their immediate vicinity.

5 Read the following passage. The story itself is woven around the love of Sasirekha- Abhimanyu. With Krishna and Balarama having difference of opinion over it, their wives too take sides as is inevitable in any family. Now answer the following questions. a) Which story is referred to here? Ans: The story of the film Maya Bazaar. b) On which issue Krishna and Balarama’s opinions differed? Ans: On the love and marriage matters of Sasirekha and Abhimanyu.

1. ( Letter Writing - formal ) The post man of your area is very careless. He often throws letters into your compound. They are sometimes blown away. You doubt whether he delivers some letters at all! It has caused a lot of inconvenience to people. Use the following hints: Resident of Station road, Santhapet, Nellore – Postman seems to be careless- throwing letters- they blown away or fell down the drainage-request you to take necessary steps to ensure proper delivery. Write a letter to the post master complaining about the irregular delivery of letters From Nellore, Dt. 15th May 2018 xxxxxxxxxxxxx 13/4, Giri Street, Santhapeta,

Nellore. To The post master, Head Post Office, SathyanarayanaPuram,

Nellore. Sir, Sub: Request for proper delivery of letters – Reg:- I’m the resident of Giristreet, Sathyanaranapuram. I would like to bring to your kind notice that the post man concerned seems to be careless. He simply throws our letters into the compound. They might have been blown away in the wind or drenched in the stagnant water. I think he might not have delivered some letters also. I request you to kindly look into the matter and take necessary action to ensure property deliver the letters. Thanking you sir. Yours Faithfully xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

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2. (Letter – Writing - INFORMAL) Your sister is rather dull in English. So, write a letter to her advising to read newspaper daily to improve her skills. . Use the following hints: received your letter yesterday- you are spending all time reading your text books- advise you to spend at least an hour to read English newspapers-It enables to develop vocabulary and language skills – You can know latest information too- improves writing and reading skills. Nellore, May 15, 2018 Dear sister,

How do you do? I received your letter only yesterday and was happy to know all about you. I was waiting to hear from you. I learnt that you are spending all your time in reading your text books. I advise you to spend one hour at least to read newspaper, especially English newspaper. Don’t you know reading newspapers enables you develop vocabulary and other language skills? Moreover, you will know what is happening in the world around you. You will know latest information too. It also enables you to improve your writing and reading skills. So, please, do read newspapers and make it a habit. Yours lovingly, XXXXXXXXXX Address: To XXXXXXXXXXXXXX, 4-7-35, Ramapuram, Nellore, SPSR Nellore Dt.

C.Reading A Tribute

Reading Comprehension 1. Read the following passage.

Eversince she was eight, she evinced interest inlearning dance. Later she associated herselfwith the theatre. She formed a theatreorganization as well. Now answer the following questions. a) Who does ‘she’ refer to? Ans: Savitri b) In which art form she was interested in? Ans: Dance c) What did ‘she’ do to associate herself with theatre? Ans: She formed a theatre organization.

2. Read the following passage. She was elevated to the role of a heroine by the noted director L VPrasad in the film 'Samsaaram'(1950). On the sets, she was nervous; she had to repeatmany takes and this proved a setback for her. The role was given to someone else and shewas given a small role of less import. Now answer the following questions. a) Who does ‘she’ refer to? Ans: Savitri b) Who gave Savitri a heroine’s role first? Ans: A noted director of Telugu Film Industry, Mr.L.V.Prasad. C) What was the setback to her in her film career? Ans: On the sets, she was nervous and took many takes. So the role was given to someone else and she was given a small role of less import.

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3. Read the following passage. Savitri established her credentialswith 'Ardhangi'(1955) . She gave anexceptionally brilliant performance as awoman forced to marry a mentallyretarded person (ANR). She nurses himback to health. Now answer the following questions. a) With which film did Savitri establish her credentials? Ans: Ardhangi b) What was the role of Savitri in the film ‘Ardhangi’? Ans: She was given the role of a woman forced to marry a mentally retarded person. c) Who performed the character of mentally retarded person? Ans: AkkineniNageswara Rao.

4. Read the following passage. Savitri's amazing talent was in full form in 'Missamma', a hit comedy that established Savitri's place firmly as a star. Mary in the film comes into an agreement with a Hindu youth, M T Rao (NTR) to pretend as a couple in order to get a job in a school. a) Which film established Savitri’s place firmly as a star? Ans: Missamma b) What was the agreement between Mary and M.T.Rao? Why? And: They had to pretend as a couple in order to get a job in a school. c) Who acted as M.T.Rao in the film Missamma? Ans: N.T.Rama Rao

5. Read the following passage. Now answer the following questions. The theatre rocks with laughter when LakshmanaKumara (Relangi) is teased by mayaSasirekha. Sheswitches from the feminine to the masculine in thewink of an eye and needless to say, a female artistedisplaying masculine demon qualities with a club in handhas no parallel. Now answer the following questions. a) What happened when Maya Sasirekha teased Lakshman Kumara? Ans: The theatres rocked with laughter. b) In which film did Saavtri play the role of Maya Sasirekha? Ans: Maya Bazaar c) Who was the ‘demon’ referred to here? Ans: Ghatothkacha

HINTS DEVELOPMENT - STORY – WRITING Write a story based on the following hints: 1. Lion – live- forest – sleeping - the tree - After a while - come - a mouse – starts - play - the Lion - gets up – anger- look for - who disturbed - nice sleep - it - see - small mouse - stand tumbling - fear - lion - jumps - starts - kill - The mouse requests - the lion - forgive. - Felt - leave. The mouse - runs away. The Lion -caught - net - hunter - The mouse come there - cut - escaped - become friends - live happily. EVERY CREATURE HAS ITS VALUETHE LION AND THE MOUSE Once up on a time there lived a lion in a forest. One day it was sleeping under a tree. After a while, there came a mouse and started play on the lion. The lion got up with anger and look for who disturbed it. It saw a mouse standing trembling with fear. The lion jumped on it to kill. The mouse requested the to forgive it. The lion felt pity and left it.

On another day, the lion was caught in a net by a hunter. The mouse came there and cut the net. Thus the lion escaped. The mouse and the lion became friends. They lived happily in the forest. MORAL: Every oneneeds others help in the society. 2. Tortoise – meet – hare – make fun of it – move – slowly- never – get far – tortoise – get up set – have race – who wins – hare – laughs – agrees the bet – reach the other side – hill – hare – runs fast – while – stops – take rest – fell asleep - the tree – the tortoise – pass – sleeping hare – walks – slowly – steadily – hare woke up – tortoise – reach hill – hare tries – runs fast – he – could not catch. THE TORTOISE AND THE HARE

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One day a tortoise met a hare. The hare made fun of it as it moves so sloly and it will never get far. The tortoise got upset and asked to have a bet that they who reaches the other side of the hill. The hare laughed but it agreed. The hare ran fast and after a while it stopped. It took rest under a tree and felt asleep. The tortoise passed slowly to the sleeping hare. It walked on slowly and steadily. By the time the hare woke up, the tortoise reached the other side of the hill. The hare tried to ran fast but it could not catch up with the tortoise. MORAL: Slow and steady wins the race.

Biographical sketch 1) Write the biographical sketch about Raja Ram Mohan Rai using the following hints.

Birth details Career as a social

reformer Titles Death details

Date of birth: 22-05-1972 Place of birth: Radhanagar, Bengal Father: Ramkant Roy Mother:Tarini Devi

Worked for Bengal renaissance. Founded Brahma Samaj. Fought against ‘Sati’ culture. Modernization of education in India.

Maker of modern India. Father of modern India. Father of the Bengal renaissance.

Date of death: 27-09-1833 Place of death: England

Ans:Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a social reformer. He was born on 22-05-1872 at Radhanagar in Bengal. His parents were Ramkanth Roy and Tarini Devi. He worked for Bengal renaissance. He founded Brahma Samaj for modernization of education in India. He fought against ‘sati’ culture. He is called as maker of modern India and Father of Modern India. He is also famous as the father of Bengal renaissance. He died on 27-08-1947 in England. 2. Write the biographical sketch of SundarPichai basing on the following hints.

Famous as CEO of Google company

Born 12 July 1972, Chennai

Father RegunathaPichai

Mother Lakshmi Pichai

Children Two boys

Education IIT Kharagpur, Standford University

Character traits Hard working, independent, Intelligent

Hobbies Reading, Playing Guitar, Sketching and badminton

Ans: Sundarpichai is famous as CEO of Google Company. He was born on 12th July 1972 in Chennai. His father is RegunathaPichai and mother is Lakshmi Picahi. He has two boys. He studied Engineering in IIT, Kharagpur and Stanford University. He possess good characteristic traits such as hard working, independent and intelligent. His hobbies are Reading, playing guitar, sketching and badminton. 3. Write the biographical sketch of Sachin Tendulkar keeping the details given below. 1. Name : Sachin Tendulkar 2. Date of birth : 24-04-1973 3. Parents :Father : Ramesh Tendulkar, a writer

Mother: Rajani Tendulkar , manager, Insurance company. 4. Cricket : At the age of 14, scored 326 runs and scored a number of centuries

in International cricket. 5. Awards : Bharat Rathna

Ans:Sachin Tendulkar is a famous cricketer. He was born on 24-04-1973. His parentsareRamesh Tendulkar and Rajini Tendulkar. His father is a writer and his mother is a manager in an Insurance

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Company. He started playing cricket at the age of 14. He scored 326 runs and scored a number of centuries in International cricket. He was awarded Bharat Rathna. Creative Expressions – Unit 4

Conversation In the lesson, ‘Rendezvous with Ray’, Roberge took nine years to meet Ray in person

afterjoining St. Xavier's College. When they finally met, it was the beginning of the close friendship that lasted 22 years - until Ray's death in 1922. Now, write an imaginary conversationbetween Front Line reporter and Gaston Robergeusing the above concept. Frontline : which college did you work in Calcutta? Roberge : I worked for St.Xaviers’s College in Calcutta Frontline : Did you work there for a long time?? Roberge : Yes, I worked there pretty long. Frontline : Did you meet Ray the moment you joined Sty. Xavier’s? Roberge : No. After watching ‘Apu Trilogy’ only I became his fan. But I didn’t meet him in the

college. Frontline : How much time did you take to meet Ray in Person? Roberge : I took nine years. Frontline : Why didn’t you try to meet him immediately? Roberge :I didn’t want to go and just see him like he was a living museum. Frontline : why? Roberge : Because he was a versatile personality in Indian film makers. I knew a little only about him

then. Frontline : Then what did you do? Roberge : I studied a lot about India, especially about Bengal, Bengali films, Bengali culture and

finally about Ray. Frontline : Were you afraid of Ray? Roberge : Yes, I was afraid in the beginning. But when I met him finally after nine years … it was a

lifelong friendship till he breathed his last in 1992. Frontline : Thank you, sir. You have shared your valuable experiences with our readers. Roberge : You are welcome, sir.

Description Roberge does not endorse the accusation of Ray’s detractors that the master director made

his reputation selling India’s poverty to the west. “What struck me most was not the material poverty depicted in the films, but the enormous spiritual poverty of some rich people is much more deplorable than material poverty,” he said.

Now describe the feelings of Roberge towards the detractors and Ray. You may use the context given in the passage. Ans:Are the people deserved to criticise Ray? They failed to understand the artist in Ray. The reason is they can’t make films of that quality. Yes. Ray’s films have poverty as his subject. The characters like Apu can’t be rich. The richness of India is in its poor people. The country is full of poor people. There is nothing wrong if Ray chooses his characters from poor people. Ray showed only material poverty in his films. But these critics have shown their spiritual poverty by criticising the talents of a great director. Their statements will certainly bring the spiritual poverty of India to the notice of the world. Again India will be looked down upon. It is deplorable! Ray’s talents will have the final say. There can’t be anything different.

Diary entry

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Imagine that last night you saw the film, ‘Missamma’ in which savitri in which savitri acted. You are a great fan of Savitri. Write a diary entry about the film and her acting.

15th June 2018 9 pm Dear diary, I saw a wonderful film, ‘Missamma’ last night. It is the comedy film. In this film

Savitri captured the audiences with her charm and magnificent acting. She was able to convey a wide range of feelings through her expressive eyes. Her mischievous look that captivates everyone. The look of fake anger provokes, the look filled with real anger pierces the heart. The look of passion while waiting for her lover, the pain filled look when her love fails, the confident look that seems ready to face any situation, all these myriad emotions are hidden in her eyes. The dimensions are endless and pages can be filled to describe the magic spell of her eyes.

Savitri’s amazing talent was in full form in ‘Missamma’, a hit comedy that established Savitri’s place firmly as a star. The film is a three hour full comedy for the audience. I like this film very much and admire her mesmerizing acting skills.

Script for the speech It is a tribute to Telugu culture, language and customs of the land. The film was watched repeatedly soon after its release because people identified every character of the film with someone they knew in their immediate vicinity and the audience still do the same now. Now prepare a script for a speech on the qualities of ‘Maya Bazaar’ using the passage given above. Respected chair, the chief guest, and other dignitaries on the dais! I feel it is my pleasure to talk about the qualities of “Maya Bazaar”. We are really lucky to recollect the qualities of “Maya bazaar’. It is not an ordinary film. It is an experiment. It is a gift to the Telugu people and Telugu culture. The director made it beautifully and skillfully. The director injected the Telugu culture into the film. The language is in the film is popular and touching. The roles of Sri Krishna, Balarama were created in the local culture. The characters address one another like you and me. They look at the characters as their aunt… their uncle … their sisters and brothers. The costumes suit to the theme of the film. 16 annas Telugu language was used in the film. The film became popular soon after its release. Everyone started watching it again and again. Certain dialogues are used even now like ‘Talpam’ and ‘Gilpam’. The photography … the music… everything … simply superb. Thank you for giving me this opportunity.

UNIT – 5 A- READING - Environment I. Reading the following passage and answer the following questions: Wangari Maathai started the Green Belt Movement and also fought for equal rights for women in Africa. 1. Who started the Green Belt Movement in Africa? 2. Who is the African woman that was mentioned in the passage? 3. What movement did she start in Africa? 1.A. Wangari Maathai 2.A. Wangari Maathai 3.A.Green Belt movement. II. NHK Radio : How did you become aware of the environment? 1. Who is asking the above question? 2. To whom are they asking the above question? 3. What did she do? 1.A. NHK Radio 2.A. Wangari Maathai 3.A. She brought aware of environment.

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III The forested mountains were the source of water and the source of rain, so when you deforest you cause a shortage of water and change of rainfall patterns and therefore people are not able to get food and water. 1. What were the sources of water and rain? 2. What is the result of deforestation? 3. What do you mean by deforest? 1.A. Forested Mountains. 2.A. Shortage of water and a change of rainfall patterns. 3.A. Cutting down of trees in the forest. IV. Many wars that are fought in the world are fought over natural resources. Some wars are fought because the environment is so degraded that it is not able to support communities and so they fight over the little that is left. 1. Why are many wars fought in the world? 2. What is not able to support the communities? 3. What are natural resources?

A. Many wars are fought over natural resources. A. Degraded environment. A. Earth, water and air.

V. When I was a child, which is almost more than fifty years ago, the environment was pristine, very beautiful and very green. 1. Who is ‘I’ in the above passage? 2. How was the environment when she was a child? 3. What is the speaker talking about saying? 1.A. Wangari Maathai 2.A. The environment was very pristine, very beautiful and very green. 3.A. About the environment which is 50 years ago. VI. So although we were getting commercial timber for the growing timber industry, we also destroyed our local flora and fauna. 1. Who are ‘we’ in the passage? A. The people 2. Why were we getting commercial timber? A.For the growing timber industry. 3. What do you mean by “ flora and fauna “? A. Plants and Animals. VII. In 1975, at the very first United Nations Conference for women in Mexico, many of the women were saying, “ we need food, we need water, we need clean drinking water, we need fodder for our animals.” 1. What was that conference held in 1975 ? 2. Where was the conference held in 1975? 3. What was the ‘ saying’ of women at the conference? 1.A. The first United Nations Conference for women was held in 1975. 2.A. It was held in Mexico. 3.A. “We need food, we need water, we need clean drinking water, we need fodder for our animals.” ANTONYMS Write the antonyms of the words underlined 1. We gave them plastic bags to be able(a) to put those seedlings and to nurture(b) them and when they were about half a meter long then they could go and transplant them on their forms. In the beginning it was difficult, but they soon gained confidence(c) and they became very competent.(d) a) __________ b) __________ c) ___________ d) _________ (Ans. a) unable b) destroy c) diffidence d) imcompetent 2. And the transformation(a) that I saw was the willingness of the people to fight fortheir rights; to decide that they have a right to a good clean(b) environment to decide that they will fight for their forests, they will protect(c) their forests and they will not allow corrupt(d) leaders to take their public land. a) __________ b) __________ c) ___________ d) _________ (Ans. a) uniformity b) dirty c) destroy d) honest) 3. Wangari Maathai started(a) the Green Belt movement and also fought for equal(b) rights for women in Africa. She is the first(c) woman to win(d) the Nobel peace Prize.

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a) __________ b) __________ c) ___________ d) _________ (Ans. a) stopped b) unequal c) last d) lose/ended 4. I’m very happy(a) about the fact(b) that now in Africa you see new(c) efforts of ensuring that Africans engage(d) in dialogue, that they invest in peapul negotiations for conflicts, that we manage our environment. a) __________ b) __________ c) ___________ d) _________ (Ans. a) unhappy b) fake c) old d) disengage RIGHT FORMS Fill in the blanks with right form of the words. 1. The boy was responded by the teacher’s speech. His ______ gave good results. ( Ans. response) 2. We should keep the environ clean. So that we can protect our _____ (Ans. environment) 3. The government that which provide good to people could be elected by the people always. (Ans. governance). 4. India is a developing country. We should work for the _________ of our country. (Ans. development). 5. We should manage balance in environment. Good _______save the environment. (Ans. management) VOWEL CLUSTERS Complete the spellings of the words by using vowel clusters: 1. The forested m__ __ntains were the source of water. Ans.mountains 2. Many wars that are fought in the world are fought over natural res__ __ rces. Ans. resources 3. Equitable distribution of resources is important for p__ __ ce Ans: peace 4. The third leg for the development of country is sust__ __ nable management of resources. Ans: sustainable 5. We have allowed some p__ __ ple, especially those in power. Ans: people 6. More than fifty years ago, the environment was very be__ __ tiful. Ans: beautiful SUFFIXES Complete the words with correct Suffixes: 1. We should be aware of the environ______ (ment/mant) (Ans. environment) 2. The third leg is sustain______(able/eble) management. (Ans. sustainable) 3. We lost our local biologi_____ (cal/cle) (Ans. biological) 4. We have rehabilita_____(tion/sion) centers in our country.(Ans. rehabilitation) 5. They are profession_____(els/als).(Ans. professionals) 6. There is no differ______(ence/ ance). (Ans. difference) SPELLING CORRECTIONS Identify the wrongly spelt word: 1. enargy, firewood, clean, material (Ans. energy) 2. pease, water. Shortage, source (Ans. peace) 3. support, resorce, fought, degrade (Ans. resource) 4. enough, strong, levil, global (Ans. level) 5. develop, balance, alow, people (Ans. allow) CLASSIFICATION OF WORDS Put the following words under correct headings: 1. (discontent, pesticide, binomial, prologue, atheist, pre common, cardiology, protection) PREFIXES SUFFIXES Discontent pesticide Binomial atheist Prologue cardiology Pre common protection

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2. (editor, library, clinic, accountant, bank, doctor, press, secretary) PLACES OF WORK PERSONNEL Press editor Clinic doctor Bank accountant Library secretary 3. (develop, harsh, first, original, lead, publish, singular, compile ) VERBS ADJECTIVES Develop harsh Publish first Compile singular Lead original 4. (farmer, material, plastic, women, resources, people, children, firewood) PERSONS THINGS Farmer material Women plastic People resources Children firewood PHRASAL VERBS A. If we don’t protect the environment there will be fight over resources. Use the following expressions in sentences of your own: Phrasal Verbs 1. look after: A. I look after my parents in their old age. 2. get into A. We should not get into a moving bus / train. 3. fight over A. They are fighting over the property ownership. 4. trialed off A. In the beginning the boy spoke loudly but later his voice trailed off. 5. broke down A. When we are travelling to Tirumala our car broke down on the way. 6. set in A. My friend set in a new business this year. READING - B OR WILL THE DREAMER WAKE? I. Read the following and answer the given questions: Out in the East the jungle listens - The tigress, plaintive, growls in pain, The great trees hear her breathing, shaking Inside her still, the new lives wait. 1. What does the jungle listen? A. Plaintive growls of tigress. 2. “Inside her still, the new lives wait” – What do you meant by this line? A. The baby tiger is in the womb of tigress to com out to the world. 3. Why does the tigress growl in pain? A. Because it is going to deliver a baby tiger (cub). II. These cubs could be the last ones ever To freely live and roam and make Our grand child knows the tiger never or will the dreamer wake? 1.”These cubs could be the last ones ever” Why does the poet say so? A. Because they would became extinct. (or) That species is endangered one. 2. ‘ Our grandchild’ Who does it refer to? A. The future generation. III. Far in the North the white bear shuffles Down in her lair the gleaming snow. She waits for all the life she’s making Outside the crashing glaciers grow. 1. Where does the white bear live? A. In the North pole.

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2. Why does the white bear shuttle? A. The white bear shuttles for its existence while the glaciers are decreasing year by year. 3. What do you mean by ‘glacier’? A. A large mass of ice. IV. These cubs could be the last cubs ever To feely live and roam and mate Our grand child knows the white bear never Or will the dreamer wake? 1. Why are these cubs the last cubs? A. Because they are endangered species. 2. Who is the dreamer? A. The man. V. There in the west the song thrush warbles She weaves her nest to hold her clutch A long wait now tofind a partner The eggs are laid, there are not much. 1. Why does the weave the nest? A. To lay eggs. 2. “A long wait now to fine a partner” What do you meant by his line? A. Because now there are a few thrush birds. So it has to wait for another bird. 3. What do you meant by ‘clutch’? A. A group of eggs laid at one time. VI. Deep in Ocean South the whale swims Her song of birthing fills the seas. Thousands of creatures wait the moment. The solemn birth that they will see. 1. What is the ocean mentioned in the poem? A. Antarctic Ocean 2. What is the moment mentioned? A. Birth of a baby whale. 3. Where are the creatures? A. In the Ocean. NEWS REPORT: 1. There had been a terrific road accident at Ongole near the Olluramma Temple. This mis hap had happened while a 33 member pilgrim party going on their way from Ramapuram in Guntur district 27 persons were killed and 6 critically injured. Police booked a case. Write a news report on the above accident with a note of caution to the public to be more cautious about it. Use the following hints: bad Sunday- in prakasam district 27 killed in a terrific accident- six were injured- 35 piligram party from Ramapuram in Guntur-party was proceeding towards Nellore-tourist bus dashed while private bus over taking a vehicle- mishap happened at Valluramma temple of Ongole-15 persons died and 7 were admitted in to hospital. Ans:

27 persons killed in Road Accident It was a bad Sunday in Prakasham district where 27 persons were killed in a terrific road

accident and six others critically injured. Tragedy struck a 35-member pilgrim party from Ramapuram in Guntur District when the tourist bus in which the party was proceeding towards Nellore collided head- on with a private bus while overtaking a vehicle.

In the mishap that occurred inOngole near the Valluramma Temple on Ongole -Tirupati highway, 140 km from here around 7 am 15 persons died instantaneously, 7 on the way to the Ongole Government Hospital and five after admission into hospital.

Police booked a case and began enquiry. 2. Write a report on annual sports celebrated in your school. Use the following hints: celebrated annual sports day in our school- with usual gaietyand enthusiasm- H.M inaugurated the event- play ground decorated with flags bunts and balloons-10th class students presented march fast by the chief guest-followed by usual oath and flag hoisting-yoga and formation of pyramid followed-100,200 relay races tug of war, hurdles, long jump, high jump etc, competitions conducted- SPL proposed voter of thanks.

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Ans: we celebrated Annual Sports Day in our school with usual gaiety and enthusiasm. Headmaster is the Chief Guest and inaugurated the event. Playground was decorated with colorful flags, bunts and balloons. The chief guest made opening remarks. 10th class students presented march-past by the Chief guest and took salute, after the usual oath ceremony, hoisted the flag. Sports meet was declared open. Yoga and formation of pyramid took place. 100, 200 relay races tug-of-war, hurdles, long jump, high jump, shuttle, chess, caroms, kho-kho competitions were conducted. An eye soothing dance was presented by 9th class students. SPL proposed vote of thanks – sports meet closes. 3. You have seen a money-lender beat his client for not repaying the loan that he has taken. Write the news report on the incident. Use the following hints: Raghuram taken loan – from money lender – 10 % interest – interest paying every month regularly – money lender demanded more to pay – along with principal amount – he couldn’t pay it – so, money lender tied and whipped him – without mercy – badly wounded – passersby reposted to police – police investigating – rushed to hospital. ANS: Nellore 5th October, 2016 A person named Raghuram had taken a loan from the money lender at 10% interest. He has been paying the interest every month regularly. The money-lender demanded him to pay the principal amount also immediately. Raghuram couldn’t pay it all at once. So, money lender took him to distant place, tied to a tree and whipped him mercilessly. Raghunandhan was badly wounded and fell unconscious. Some passers-by noticed him and reported to the police. Police are investigating the case. Raghunandhan was rushed to the hospital. It is a pitiable to state that even in this civilized society such in-human acts are still going on. READING - C A TALE OFTHREE VILLAGES Read the following passages and answer to the given questions: I. Mr. Sunday Nana, his wife and four small children live in Koko village, Nigeria. The village is like any other African village – picturesque, colourful and noisy. 1. Where does Nana live? A. I’m Koko village. 2. How is Koko village? A. Picturesque, colorful and noisy. 3. Where is Koko village located? A. In Nigeria. II. Outside Mr. Nana’s front are three large empty metal drums, the bright red paint now flaking away, but the skull and crossbones symbol clearly visible on each. 1. How many metal drums are there? A. Three. 2. What is the symbol there on the drums? A. The skull and crossbones. 3. What are the skull and crossbones symbols for? A. for danger. III. “They came on a Wednesday, “said Sunday, “Many big lorries. They took all day unloading them. No one told us what was in them. They gave the chief a brown paper bag. I saw him smiling as the lorries drove away. 1. Who are they in above passage? A. The men who unload the drums from lorries. 2. What was there in drums actually? A. poisonous chemicals. 3. Why was the chief smiling? A. He received money from the men. IV. Lots of our children are sick. We have asked the Government to take the drums away, but they do nothing.

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1. Whose children are they? A. They are the children of Koko village. 2. Why are the children sick? A. Because of poisonous chemicals in disposed drums. 3. What did they ask the government? A. To take the drums away. V. They said that factories need leather to make shoes, hand bags and clothes. They said our men folk would get jobs. They said we would all become rich. 1. Who are they referred to? A. They are the owners of the factories. 2. What do they made from leather? A. Shoes, handbags and clothes. 3. Who would get jobs? A. The men folk. VI. They didn’t tell you that to change animal king into leather – which they call tanning – uses as many as 250 different chemicals, including heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic and chromium. 1. What is called tanning? A. Changing animals skin into leather. 2. How many chemicals are used in tanning? A. 250 chemicals. 3. What are heavy metals? A. Cadmium, arsenic and chromium. EDITING Edit the following passage correcting the underlined words. 1) Jesse Owens’ father was an (a) farmer; his grandfather was a slave. Because off (b) poverty he came down with pneumonia every winter. “ A couple if those winters, when me (c) father can’t (d) find enough wood to kept (e) the fire going in our little cardboard house, I came close to never seeing spring.” he recalled. a)__________ b)____________ c)____________ d)____________ e)___________ Ans. a) a b) of c) my d) couldn’t e) keep 2) The Christian monks of Greece, who lived thousands of years before (a) were the people who travelled in baskets. They wanted a quiet and peaceful place in that (b) they could pray and study. So they build (c) their monasteries on top of all rocks at a place called Meteora. These monasteries attracted Greek philosophers, poets and painters besides (d) the deeply religion (e) people. a)__________ b)___________ c)____________ d)___________ e)____________ Ans. a) ago b) which c) built d) besides e) religious 3) Papaya is the healthier (a) fruit with a list off (b) properties that is long exhaustive. Belonging to the family of Caricaceal fruit; papaya is common (c) known as ‘papaw’ in Australia and ‘mamao’ at (d) Brazil. Modern science confirms the age old believes that papaya has much tocontributed (e) to the health cause. a)____________ b)____________ c)___________ d)___________ e)__________ Ans. a) healthiest b) of c) commonly d) in e) contribute 4) Citizenship is a relationship among (a) a person and his country. The country was giving (b) him opportunities for his self development. In turn, it demands certainly (c) duties. A (d) ideal citizen does his duty firstly (e). a) ___________ b)___________ c)__________ d)____________ e)____________ Ans. a) between b) gives c) certain d) an e) first CLOZE TEST I. It takes both rain and sunshine to ______ (1) a rain bow. Our lives are no _______(2). There are happiness and sorrow. There is the good and the bad. If we can _______(3) adversity, it only _______(4) us. We cannot control all the events that happen in our lives, but we can control how we can _______(5) with them. 1. A) create B) creates C) creating D) created 2. A) difference B) different C) differently D) differ 3. A) handled B) handles C) handle D) handling 4. A) strength B) strong C) strengthen D) strengthens 5. A) dealing B) deal C) deals D) dealt Ans: (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (5) B

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II. Breakfast is _____(1) important meal, particularly for children, as it _____(2) the fast of the sleep hours and prepares them for school_____(3) increases their attention spam. Recent research provides ____(4) evidence that malnutrition even in its milder forms can have a determinal ___(5) on the cognitive development of children. 1. A) an B) a C) the D) and 2. A) breaking B) Break C) Breaks D) broke 3. A) for B) to C) and D) from 4. A) compell B) compelling C) compelled D) compells 5. A) effect B) effects C) effecting D) effected Ans: (1) A (2) C (3) C (4) B (5) A III. Raman______(1) born _____(2) November 7th , 1888 _____(3)Tirucharnapalli in Tamil Nadu. _____(4) father was a college physics lecturer. He was a brilliant student right ______(5) the start. 1. A) is B) was C) has D) had 2. A) on B) in C) from D) at 3. A) from B) in C) of D) on 4. A) her B) his C) their D) your 5. A) for B) on C) to D) from Ans: (1) B (2) A (3) B (4) B (5) D IV. Last week we visited a beach ______(1) Elephant beach. To our amazement, we_____(2) some swimmers _______(3) into the sea from the motor boats. They were dressed in a ______(4) way. They put masks on their faces and carried air cylinders ______(5) their backs. 1. A) call B) called C) calling D) have called 2. A) see B) seen C) saw D) sees 3. A) diving B) dive C) dives D) dived 4. A) difference B) different C) differences D) differ 5. A) in B) up C) on D) from Ans: (1) B (2) C (3) A (4) B (5) C

Unit – 6 A. Reading - MY CHILDHOOD 1) Read the following …. I was born into a middle-class Tamil family in the island town of Rameswaram in the erstwhile Madras State. Now answer the following questions- a) Who does ‘I’ refer to in the passage? Ans. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam. b) Where was he/she born? Ans.In the island town of Rameswaram. c) What was the financial condition of their family? Ans. They belong to middle-class family. 2) Read the following… I was one of the children – a short boy with rather undistinguished looks, born to tall and handsome parents. We lived in our ancestral house, which was built in the middle of the nineteenth century. Now answer the following questions- a) Who was the boy mentioned in the passage and what was the physical stature of him? Ans. He was none other than A. P. J. Abdul Kalam. He was at that time a short boy with rather undistinguished looks. b) Who were his parents? Ans. His father was Jainulabdeen and his mother was Ashiamma. c) When was their house built? Ans. It was built in the middle of nineteenth century.

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3) Read the following… The second World War broke out in 1939, when I was eight years old. For reasons I have never been able to understand, a sudden demand for tamarind seeds erupted in the market. I used to collect the seeds and used to sell them to a provision shop on the Mosque Street. A day’s collection would fetch me the princely sum of one anna. Now answer the following questions- a) Who was ‘I’ referred to in the passage and at what age of him/her the Second World War broke out? Ans. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam. At that time he was eight years old. b) Which thing got high demand at the time of Second World War in the market? Ans. Tamarind seeds. c) How much amount did the speaker fetch for a day’s collection of tamarind seeds? Ans.One Anna. 4) Read the following… I inherited honesty and self-discipline from my father; from my mother, I inherited faith in goodness and kindness and so did my three brothers and sister. Now answer the following questions- a) Who was the speaker? What did he inherit from his father? Ans. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam. He inherited honesty and self-discipline from his father. b) What did he inherit from his mother? Ans. He inherited faith in goodness and kindness from his mother. c) How many brothers and sisters he had? Ans. He had three brothers and one sister.

VOCABULARY SYNONYMS 1) I do not recall (a) the exact (b) number of people she fed (c) everyday, but I am quite certain (d) that far more outsiders ate with us than all the members of our own family put together. Ans. a) remember b) actual c) given food to eat d) sure 2) The Second World War broke out (a) in 1939, when I was eight years old. For reasons (b) I have never been able to understand, a sudden demand (c) for tamarind seeds erupted (d) in the market. Ans. a) began suddenly b) causes c) urgent requirement d) to break out 3) Every child is born, with some inherited (a) characteristics, into aspecific (b) socio- economic and emotional environment (c), and trained in certain ways by figures of authority (d). Ans. A) to receive characteristics from one’s ancestors b) definite c) surroundings d) persons who can use power to enforce rules. 4) He bluntly (a) asked the teacher to either apologize or quit (b) the school and the island. Not only did the teacher regret (c) his behavior but the strong sense of conviction LakshamanaSastry conveyed ultimately reformed(D) his young teacher. Ans. A) without delicacy b) to lave c) feel story d) change of something that is defective.

Punctual, remember, given food to eat, sure, contention, actual

Causes, knowledge, to break out, urgent requirement, began suddenly,

information.

Surroundings, to receive characteristics from one’s ancestors, reaching,

definite, emergency, person who can use power to enforce rules.

To leave, change of something that is defective, feel story, support,

assist, to leave.

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ANTONYMS 1)I was one of the children – a short (a) boy with rather undistinguished (b) looks to tall and handsome (c) parents. We lived in our ancestral (d) house. Ans. A) tall b) distinguished c) unhandsome d) descendant’s 2) It was fairly large (a)pucca house, made of limestone and brick, on the Mosque Street of Rameswarsam. My austere (b) father used to avoid (c) all inessential (d) comforts and luxuries. Ans. A) small b) gentle c) accept d) essential. 3) I was asked to go and sit on the back (a) bench. I felt very sad (b), and so did RamanadhaSastry. He looked utterly downcast (c) as I shifted to my seat in the last (d) row. Ans. A) front b) happy/ joyful c) uplifted/ elevated d) beginning/ first. 4) On the whole (a), the small (b) society of Rameswaram was very rigid (c) in terms of the segregation of different(d) social groups. Ans. A) divided b) big c) flexible d) alike/ similar. RIGHT FORMS OF THE WORDS Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given in the brackts. 1) My father, Jainulabdeen, had neither much formal ___________ (a) ( educate/ education) nor much ____________ (b) ( wealth/ wealthy); despite these disadvantages, he passed great innate___________(c) ( wisdom/ wise) and true ____________ (d) ( generous/ generousity) of spirit. Ans. a) education b) wealth c) wisdom d) generosity 2) It was a __________ (a) ( fair/ fairly) large pucca house, which was built in the middle of the nineteenth century. It was a _____________ (b) ( fairly/ fair) large pucca house made of limestone and brick. My ____________ (c) (austerity/ austere) father used to avoid all the inessential comforts and luxuries. However all ____________ (d) ( necessaries/ necessities ) were provided for, in terms of food, medicine or clothes. Ans. a) fairly b) fairly c) austere d) necessities 3) Our area being __________ (a) ( isolate/ isolated), was ____________ (b) ( completed/ completely) unaffected by the war. But soon India was forced to join the Allied Forces and something like a state of ____________ (c) ( emergency/ emergence) was declared. The first casualty came in the form of ____________ (d) ( suspense/ suspension) of the train halt at Rameswaram station. Ans. a) isolated b) completely c) emergency d) suspension 4) He should not spread the poison of social _____________ (a) ( inequality/ inequal) and communal _____________ (b) (intolerance/ intolerancy) in the minds of ____________ (c) ( innocent/ innocency) children. He ____________ (d) ( blunt/ bluntly) asked the teacher to apologize. Ans. a) inequality b) intolerance c) inncent d) bluntly VOWEL CLUSTERS Complete the spelling of the words with ie, ea, ei, ui, oi, ee, io, oo, ou, uo. 1) a) My father , Jainulabdeen, had n_ _ ther much formal education nor much wealth. b) He had an id _ _ l helpmate in my mother. Ans. A) ei b) ea 2) a) I am q _ _ te certain that far more outsiders ate with us. b) It was a f _ _ rly large pucca house. Ans. A) ui b) ai 3) a) My austere father used to av _ _ d all inessential comforts. b) I used to collect the s _ _ ds and sell them to a provisions shop. Ans. A) oi b) ee 4) a) The first casualty came in the form of the suspens _ _ n of train halt. b) I inherited f _ _ th in goodness. Ans. A) io b) ai 5) a) He took over the pr _ _ sthood . b) Our family used to arrange b _ _ ts.

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Ans. A) ie b) oa 6) a) I used to w_ _ r a cap. b) He wore the sacred thr _ _ d. Ans. a) ea b) eav SUFFIXES Complete the words with correct suffixes given in the brackets 1) a) He had neither formal educa________ (tion/ sion) nor much wealth. b) He had an ideal help_________(mate/mete). Ans. a) tion b)mate 2)a)I used to collect the seeds and sell them to a provi__________(sion/shion) shop. b)The first casualty came in the form of suspen___________(sion/shion) of train halt. Ans. a)sion b)sion 3)a)In accord__________(ence/ance)with our social ranking,I was asked to go and sit on the back bench. b)The image of him weeping left a lasting impre_________(tion/ssion) on me. Ans. a) dant b)dent 4)a)We told about our parents about that inci_______(dant/dent). b)Sastry told the teacher,in our pres________(ence/ance),that he should not spread the poison of social inequality. Ans. a)dent b)ence WRONGLY SPELT WORDS Find the wrongly spelt word out and write the correct spelling- 1) a) middle earstwhile formal wealth Ans. ______________ b) recall number certian outsider Ans. ______________ Ans. a) erstwhile b) certain 2) a) children handsome pukka century Ans. ______________ b) comfortmidle medicine fact Ans. _____________ Ans. a) pucca b) middle 3) a) reason understand erapt market Ans. _______________ b) provision colection street stories Ans. _______________ Ans. a) erupt b) collection 4) a) isolate alied emergency declare Ans. ______________ b) suspention casually station train Ans. ______________ Ans. a) allied b) suspension 5) a) distribute bundle centuary pride Ans. ______________ b) econamic inherit specific authority Ans. ______________ Ans. a) century b) economic 6) a) anual family boats platform Ans. ______________ b) temple marriage event piligrim Ans. ______________ Ans. a) annual b) pilgrim CALSSIFICATION OF WORDS Arrange the following words under the correct headings 1) medicine, limestone, shop, brick, house, seeds, street, market Things places 1) _______________ 1) _______________ 2) ________________ 2) _______________ 3) _______________ 3) ______________ 4) _______________ 4) _______________ Ans.things – medicine, limestone, brick, seeds Places- shop, house, street, market 2) bundles, distributer, idols, cap, prophet, priest, bench, contractor Persons things

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1) _______________ 1) _______________ 2) ________________ 2) _______________ 3) _______________ 3) _______________ 4) ________________ 4) _______________ Ans. persons – distributer, prophet, priest, contractor Things- bundles, idols, cap, bench Ans. good qualities- honesty, serve, self discipline, optimism Bad qualities- hesitation, angry, perturb, rigid 3) platform, pilgrim, station, teacher, parent, island, kitchen, child Places persons 1) _______________ 1) _______________ 2) ________________ 2) _______________ 3) _______________ 3) _______________ 4) ________________ 4) _______________ Ans. places- pilgrim, teacher, parent, child Persons- platform, station, island, kitchen PHARASAL VERBS 1) Break out – to begin suddenly Ans. The manager broke out shouting on his staff. 2) Threw out – expel/ eject Ans. The boy was thrown out of the classroom by his teacher. 3) Take over – to usurp, undertake Ans. He took over the responsibility of caring the wild animals in the zoo. B.ReadingA PLEA FOR INDIA (Poem) 1) Read the following… We Indians, are proud to be a strong nation, Our roots, we declare, cannot be shaken. Now answer the following questions- a) What is the reason for the proudness? Ans.Because ours is a strong nation. b) What do we declare? Ans. Our roots cannot be shaken. 2) Read the following… Then why these fights, Which leave us in poor plight? Now answer the following questions – a) What kind of fightsare referred to here? Ans. Caste and Communal fights. b) What is meant by poor plight? Ans.A dire of unfortunate situation. 3) Read the following… Is all this violence needed With the people being cheated? Who will return this only son Whom she loves a ton Who will bring back his brother Whose ashes is still to gather. Now answer the following questions- a) What is the result of violence? Ans. Someone lost her only son, someone lost his brother. b) What should we do instead of creating problems? Ans. We have to listen to the call of the nation. 3) Read the following… There is no reason to be proud, And be on high cloud.

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Now answer the following questions- a) Why shouldn’t we feel proud according to the writer? Ans.Because we are indulging in the bad deeds. b) Pick out the rhyming words. Ans. Proud- Cloud 4) Read the following… We have to go a long way, We have to think seriously, Else we end up miserably. Now answer the following questions- a) Why should we think seriously? Ans.Because we have to live a long life mingling with others not taking caste and community into consideration. b) What will happen if we don’t think about our problems? Ans. If we don’t think so, our life will end up in miserable state. 5) Read the following… Then let our minds throw out the rot, And devote our mind to pious thoughts Let us control the riots, Which leave us with no choice. Now answer the following questions- a) For which things we have to devote our own times? Ans. Pious thoughts. b) What should we control? Ans. Riots. CHOOSING THE RIGHT PHRASE (Language Functions) 1. The auto driver gave you your lost certificates. What would you say to him? [C ] A) It is pity B) It is wonderful C) Thank you very much D) It is nice 2. Your friend is leaving for Delhi to take an interview for a job. What would you say to him? [C] A) congratulations B) Happy journey C) Best of luck D) Don’t worry 3. Your friend wants to borrow your library book. What would you say to him? {A] A) By all means B) keep it up C) All the best D) Thank you 4. People started to shout at the driver for his careless driving. What would you say to them? [B] A) Keep it on B) Be cool C) Have a nice time D) Be good 5. Your friend is going on an excursion. What would you say to him? [D] A) It is a pity B) Good luck C) Thank you D) Have a good time 6. Two ladies are standing in your way. You are very eager to catch the train. What would you say to them? A) Oh no, ladies ! B) Excuse me! C) How lovely ! D) Good luck [B] REPORTED SPEECH change the following into reported speech. 1. D.S. : Ramesh said, “I am busy now;” R.S. : Ramesh said that he was busy then. 2. D.S. : He said, “My sister is reading a novel.” R.S. : He said that his sister was reading a novel. 3. D.S. : Ravi said, “I have passed the examination.” R.S. : Ravi said that he had passed the examination. 4. D.S. : John said, “My horse died in the night.” R.S. : John said that his horse had died in the night. 5. D.S. : Mohan asked Meena, “When do you meet your friend?” R.S. : Mohan asked Meena when she met her friend. 6. D.S. : NHK Radio asked WangariMaatai, “Why do you think they responded so well to your message?”

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R.S. : NHK Radio asked Wangari Maathai why she thought that they had responded so well to her message.

CHOOSING THE RIGHT PHRASES 1. The auto driver gave you your lost certificates. What would you say to him? [C ] A) It is pity B) It is wonderful C) Thank you very much D) It is nice 2. Your friend is leaving for Delhi to take an interview for a job. What would you say to him? [C] A) congratulations B) Happy journey C) Best of luck D) Don’t worry 3. Your friend wants to borrow your library book. What would you say to him? [A] A) By all means B) keep it up C) All the best D) Thank you 4. People started to shout at the driver for his careless driving. What would you say to them? [B] A) Keep it on B) Be cool C) Have a nice time D) Be good 5. Your friend is going on an excursion. What would you say to him? [D] A) It is a pity B) Good luck C) Thank you D) Have a good time C. Reading- UNITY IN DIVERSITY IN INDIA 1) Read the following… Besides, there are several religions, sects, and beliefs. But there are common links and uniting bonds that people have sought to develop in order to achieve the eminently desirable goal of unity amidst diversity. Now answer the following questions- a) What is the land in which there are several religions, sects and beliefs? Ans. India b) What are the things that are making the people of India come together? Ans. Certain common links and uniting bonds. c) What is the desirable goal of Indian people? Ans. Unity amidst diversity. 2) Read the following… Even the early Indian history unmistakably shows that the political consciousness of the people has from the very early times, grasped the whole of India as a unit and assimilated the entore area as the theatre of its activities. Now read the following questions- a) What shows that the people of India has political consciousness? Ans.Early Indian history. b) From where do the people of India have political consciousness? Ans.From the very early times. c) What is the idea of Indians on this land? Ans. In their idea whole country is a unit and assimilated the entire area as the theatre of its activity. 3) Read the following… India has many races, casts, sub-castes, nationalities and communities, but the heart of India is one. Our cultural heritage consists of our art and literature they flourished centuries ago. Our cultural heritage serves as a bond of unity between people of different faiths and creeds. Now answer the following questions- a) What is the notable feature we can see in India? Ans. We can see many races, casts, sub-casts, nationalities and communities in India. But the heart of India is one. b) What are we heirs to? Ans.We all heirs to a common and rich culture. c) How does our cultural heritage useful to us? Ans.It serves as a bind of unity between people of different faiths and creeds. 4) Read the following… India has one hundred and fifty dialects, and twenty two recognized regional languages, but Hindi, like English, has come to stay as lingua franca of our nation. From Kashmir to Kanyakumari and from Mumbai to Nagaland, Hindi is now recognized as the national language of India. Now answer the following questions-

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a) How many regional languages are recognised by the Indian government? Ans. Twenty two. b) What is the meaning of ‘lingua franca’? Ans. Link language. c) Which language is recognised as the national language of India? Ans. Hindi. PASSIVE VOICE Change into passive voice 1) He read a newspaper article about a disabled person. 2) Nick attended a beautiful young girl with his messages. 3) We are eating mangoes. 4) They were cleaning the playground. 5) I am planting a tree in the yard. 6) Nick has written an inspirational book. Answers 1) A newspaper article about a disabled person was read by him. 2) A beautiful young girl was attracted by Nick with his manager. 3) Mangoes are being eaten by us. 4) The playground was being cleaned by them. 5) A tree is being planted by me in the yard. 6) An inspirational book has been written by Nick. Identifying Appropriate Forms What do the following sentences mean? Put a tick mark against the right one 1) (i) It’s high time we bought a new car a) offering help ( ) b) giving a suggestion( ) c) giving an order ( ) d) seeking information ( ) (ii) I do not have enough time to prepare myself for the test. a) incapability( ) b) adequacy( ) c) inadequacy ( ) d) capability( ) ans.i(b);ii(c) 2)(i) What a new dress! a) prediction ( ) b) Hoping ( ) c) congratulating ( ) d) complementing ( ) (ii) Sorry, I can’t let you in without an appointment. a) prediction ( ) b) giving permission ( ) c) refusing ( ) d) thanking ( ) Ans. (i)d,(ii)c 3)(i) Tell me your phone number. a) seeking permission ( ) b) seeking information ( ) c) making an offer ( ) d) making a suggestion ( ) (ii) You can use my car.

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a) suggesting ( ) b) offering ( ) c) advising ( ) d) criticizing ( ) Ans. (i)b,(ii)b 4) i) May I use your computer a) giving permission. ( ) b) taking permission. ( ) c) giving advice. ( ) d) taking advice. ( ) ii) He may come in a few minutes. a) giving permission. ( ) b) taking permission. ( ) c) giving advice. ( ) d) taking advice. ( ) Ans. i (b) ii (b) 5) i) Shall I give you a cup of tea? a) giving advice. ( ) b) making a request.( ) c) making an offer. ( ) d) suggestion. ( ) ii)Shall we go to a movie tonight? a) giving advice. ( ) b) making a request. ( ) c) making an offer. ( ) d) suggestion. ( ) Ans. i (b) ii (b) CONVERSATION The first casualty came in the form of the suspension of the train halt at Rameswaram station. The newspapers now had to be bundled and thrown out from the moving train on the Rameswaram and Dhanushkodi. That forced Kalam’s cousin Shamsuddin, who distributed newspapers in Ramneswaram, to look for a helping hnd to catch the bundles and, as it naturally, Kalam filled the slot. Now write an imaginary conversation between Kalam and Shamsuddin Conversation between Kalam and Shamsuddin Shamsuddin – Kalam, I am, looking for you. Kalam – What happenedShamsuddin? Why are you looking for me? Shamsuddin – do you know that the train which is from Madras to Dhanushkodi is not stopping at

Rameswaram. Kalam - Why? Shamsuddin – The train halt is suspended. Kalam – Why the railway authority has taken that decision? Shamsuddin – Now, the Second World War is going on. India is forced to join the Allied forces and

something like a state of emergency is declared. Kalam - Yes. I read all about it in the Tamil newspaper, “ Dinamani”. Shamsuddin - Because of it… though our area is being isolated and is completely unaffected by the

war , the first casualty came in the form of the suspension of the train halt at Rameswaram.

Kalam - Okey. What do I do for you? Shamsuddin - You know I am distributing newspapers in Rameswaram. Because of the suspension of

train halt at Rameswaram station, newspaper bundles are being thrown away from the running train between Rameswaram and Dhanushkodi. Now I need a helping hand to catch the bundles. Do you do that work?

Kalam - Definitely. Shamsuddin - Thank you Kalam. I will pay some amount to you for doing this favour to me.

DESCRIPTION You know … that … SivasubrahmaniyaIyer was Kalam’s science teacher. He was a person having qualities of something rebel. One day he invited Kalam to his home for a meal. Now describe the incident. Kalam’s science teacher SivasubrahmaniyaIyer, though an orthodox Brahmin with a very conservative wife, was something of a rebel. He did his best social barriers to the people from varying backgrounds could mingle easily. One day, he invited Kalam to his home for a meal. His wife was horrified at the idea of a Muslim boy being invited to dine in her ritually pure kitchen. She refused to serve him in her kitchen. SivasubrahmaniyaIyer did not get angry with his wife, instead he served Kalam with his own hands and sat down beside him to eat his meal. His wife watched them from behind the kitchen

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door.Whenkalam was leaving Iyer’shouse, he invited him to join for dinner again the next weekend. Kalam felt hesitated. By observing his hesitation Iyer said not to get upset and included, “once you decide to change the system, such problems have to be confronted.” When he visited his house the next week SivasubrahmaniyaIyer’s wife took him inside her kitchen and served him food with her own hands. DIARY ENTRY When Kalam was in fifth standard at the Rameswaram Elementary School, a new teacher came to their school. Kalam used to wear a cap which marked him as a Muslim boy and he always used to sit in the front row next to RamanadhaSastry, who wore the sacred thread. The new teacher could not stomach a Hindu priest’s son sitting with a Muslim boy. So, by taking their social rankings into consideration, the teacher sent Kalam to the back bench. This incident made both the friends feel very sad. Imagine that you were Kalam and write your emotions in your diary. Dear Diary, Today is a very bad day in my life. I can’t digest the behavior of our new teacher. I felt very shame when I was sent to the last bench. I always sit beside my close friend RamanadhaSastry in the front row. The new teacher could not stomach a Hindi priest’s son sitting with a Muslim boy. In accordance with our social ranking as the new teacher saw it, I was asked to go and sit on the back bench. I felt very sad and so did RamanadhaSastry . He looked utterly downcast as I shifted to the last row. The image of him weeping when I shifted to the last row left a lasting impression on me. God change the society. Eradicate the social barriers. - Kalam. SPEECH Prepare a speech on ‘Unity in diversity’ in India. Respected Headmaster, teachers and my dear friends, Today, I stand before you to talk about unity in diversity in India. India, is a country of many ethnic groups, is a land of countless languages. One can see numerous models of apparel here. Besides, there are several religions, sects and beliefs. But there are certain common links and uniting bonds to unite the people amidst diversity. The diversity itself is a fertile source of strength and wealth. India has many races, casts, sub castes, nationalities and communities, but the heart of India is one. We are heirs to a common and rich culture. Our cultural heritage consists of our art and literature as they flourished centuries ago. Our cultural heritage serves as a bond of unity between people of different faiths and creeds. There were Dravidians in India before the coming of the Aryans. Hinduism is a blend of the culture of the North and the South. India has over hundred and fifty dialects and twenty two recognized religions languages. Hindi is the lingua franca of our nation. Hindi is no understood all over India and is recognized as the national language of India. India has a rich cultural heritage. We are inheritors of several grand treasures in the fields of music,fine arts,dance,drama,theatre and sculpture. Ours scriptures are the store houses of spiritual wisdom. Our music has come to enjoy worldwide popularity. Other significant features of India’s unity are the variety,colour and the emotional riches of its dances.The classical plays combined music and dance. So my dear friends my ultimate wish is to safeguard India’s unity and its culture. Thank you very much.