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The Will of God in MassachusettsI. Apples and Oranges: New England and the ChesapeakeII. English CalvinismIII. The Puritan Community: the “Visible Saints”IV. The Tension Within Terms:
Calvinism“Election”Visible Saints“Modell of Christian CharityJohn Winthrop
Themes:
1) The Puritans believed themselves always subject to the unalterable and foreordained will of God.
2) This gave them their sense of community and their arrogance. It was also the cause of their deepest insecurities.
3) This has had a long-term effect on American religion.
The Failure of the Puritan Community
I. The Consciousness of Sin- The Spiritual Journal of John Barnard (1654-1732)
II. The Impossibility of a City on a Hill1) The Presence of Sin: The True and False Principles of Trade (1639)2) Compromises with the World: a) The Halfway Covenant b) Sumptuary Laws
III. Land, Class and Community
Terms:
John Barnard Sumptuary Laws“Spiritual Milk for American Babes” (1646)True & False Principles of Trade (1639)Halfway Covenant (1662)
Themes:
1) Puritans lived with tremendous inner tension. The consciousness of sin always battled with the aspiration toward grace.
2) Their perfect community was doomed to failure. Human imperfections and growing social tensions made it impossible to sustain.
His worthiness to receive the Lord’s
Supper was a prime concern of Cotton
Mather’s parishioner John Barnard (1654-
1732)
"forced worship stinks in God's nostrils“ –
Roger Williams.
Williams arrived in Massachusetts in 1631
and was in exile in Rhode Island by 1636
Community and Land
Within a few generations competition for land undermined the early sense of community.