1. Ana Elisa Varela

2. Australia U.S.A. Canada South Africa Lesotho Swaziland Guyana 3. Geography: The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) and Northern Ireland. England, in the southeast part of the British Isles, is separated from Scotland on the north by the granite Cheviot Hills; from them the Pennine chain of uplands extends south through the center of England, reaching its highest point in the Lake District in the northwest. To the west along the border of Walesa land of steep hills and valleysare the Cambrian Mountains, while the Cotswolds, a range of hills in Gloucestershire, extend into the surrounding shires. Important rivers flowing into the North Sea are the Thames, Humber, Tees, and Tyne. In the west are the Severn and Wye, which empty into the Bristol Channel and are navigable, as are the Mersey and Ribble. Government: Constitutional monarchy Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II (1952) Prime Minister: David Cameron (2010) Land area: 93,278 sq mi (241,590 sq km); total area: 94,526 sq mi (244,820 sq km) 4. Population (2012 est.): 63,047,162 (growth rate: 0.553%) Capital and largest city (2012 est.): London, 13,709,000 (metro. area), 8,278,251 (city proper) Other large cities: Glasgow, 1,199,629; Birmingham, 971,800; Liverpool, 461,900; Edinburgh, 460,000; Leeds, 417,000; Bristol, 551,066; Manchester, 390,700; Bradford, 288,400 Monetary unit: Pound sterling () Languages: English, Welsh, Scots Gaelic Ethnicity/race: English 83.6%, Scottish 8.6%, Welsh 4.9%; Northern Irish 2.9%, black 2%, Indian 1.8%, Pakistani 1.3%, mixed 1.2%, other 1.6% (2001) Religions: Christian (Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist) 71.6%, Muslim 2.7%, Hindu 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified or none 23.1% (2001) 5. Geography: Ireland is situated in the Atlantic Ocean and separated from Great Britain by the Irish Sea. Half the size of Arkansas, it occupies the entire island except for the six counties that make up Northern Ireland. Ireland resembles a basina central plain rimmed with mountains, except in the Dublin region. The mountains are low, with the highest peak, Carrantuohill in County Kerry, rising to 3,415 ft (1,041 m). The principal river is the Shannon, which begins in the north- central area, flows south and southwest for about 240 mi (386 km), and empties into the Atlantic. Government: Republic President: Michael D. Higgins (2011) Taoiseach (Prime Minister): Enda Kenny (2011) 6. Land area: 26,598 sq mi (68,889 sq km); total area: 27,135 sq mi (70,280 sq km) Population (2011 est.): 4,722,028 (growth rate: 1.112%) Capital (2009 est.): Dublin, 1.084 million Monetary unit: Euro (formerly Irish pound punt) National name: ire Languages: English, Irish (Gaelic) (both official) Ethnicity/race: Irish 87.4%, other white 7.5%, Asian 1.3%, black 1.1%, mixed 1.1%, unspecified 1.6% (2006 census) Religions: Roman Catholic 88%, Church of Ireland 3%, other Christian 2%, none 4% National Holiday: Saint Patrick's Day, March 17 7. Geography: The United States of America (commonly called the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) consists of fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean. Government: Federal republic President: Barack H. Obama (2009) Vice President: Joseph Biden (2009) Land area: 3,539,225 sq mi (9,166,601 sq km); total area: 3,718,691 sq mi (9,631,420 sq km) 8. Population (2012 est.): 313,847,465 (growth rate: 0.899%) Capital (2010 est.): Washington, DC, 601,723 Largest cities (2010 est.): New York, 8,175,133; Los Angeles, 3,792,621; Chicago, 2,695,598; Houston, 2,099,451; Philadelphia, 1,526,006; Phoenix, 1,445,632; San Antonio, 1,327,407; San Diego, 1,307,402; Dallas, 1,197,816; San Jose, 945,942 Monetary unit: dollar Languages: English 82%, Spanish 11% (2000) Ethnicity/race (2010 Census): White: 223,553,265 (72.4%); Black: 38,929,319 (12.6%); Asian: 14,674,252 (4.8%); American Indian and Alaska Native: 2,369,431 (0.8%); Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander: 1,225,195 (0.4%); Hispanic origin:50,477,594 (16.3%) Religions: Protestant 51.3%, Roman Catholic 23.9%, Mormon 1.7%, Jewish 1.7%, Muslim 0.6%, none 4% (2007) 9. Geography: The continent of Australia, with the island state of Tasmania, is approximately equal in area to the United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii). Mountain ranges run from north to south along the east coast, reaching their highest point in Mount Kosciusko (7,308 ft; 2,228 m). The western half of the continent is occupied by a desert plateau that rises into barren, rolling hills near the west coast. The Great Barrier Reef, extending about 1,245 mi (2,000 km), lies along the northeast coast. The island of Tasmania (26,178 sq mi; 67,800 sq km) is off the southeast coast. Government: Democracy. Symbolic executive power is vested in the British monarch, who is represented throughout Australia by the governor-general. Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II (1952) Governor-General: Quentin Bryce (2008) Prime Minister: Julia Gillard (2010) Land area: 2,941,283 sq mi (7,617,931 sq km); total area: 2,967,893 sq mi (7,686,850 sq km) 10. Population (2012 est.): 21,015,576 (growth rate: 1.13%) Capital (2009 est.): Canberra, 384,000 Largest cities: Sydney 4.429 million; Melbourne 3.853 million; Brisbane 1.97 million; Perth 1.599 million (2009 Monetary unit: Australian dollar Languages: English 78.5%, Chinese 2.5%, Italian 1.6%, Greek 1.3%, Arabic 1.2%, Vietnamese 1%, other 8.2%, unspecified 5.7% (2006 Census) Ethnicity/race: Caucasian 92%, Asian 7%, aboriginal and other 1% Religions: Protestant 27.4% (Anglican 18.7%, Uniting Church 5.7%, Presbyterian and Reformed 3%), Catholic 25.8%, Eastern Orthodox 2.7%, other Christian 7.9%, Buddhist 2.1%, Muslim 1.7%, other 2.4%, unspecified 11.3%, none 18.7% (2006 Census) National Holiday: Australia Day, January 26 11. Geography: New Zealand, about 1,250 mi (2,012 km) southeast of Australia, consists of two main islands and a number of smaller outlying islands so scattered that they range from the tropical to the antarctic. The country is the size of Colorado. New Zealand's two main components are the North Island and the South Island, separated by Cook Strait. Other inhabited islands include Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and Great Barrier Island. The largest of the uninhabited outlying islands are the Auckland Islands (234 sq mi; 606 sq km), Campbell Island (44 sq mi; 114 sq km), the Antipodes Islands (24 sq mi; 62 sq km), and the Kermadec Islands (13 sq mi; 34 sq km). Government: Parliamentary democracy. Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II (1952) Governor-General: Te Kwana Tianara o Aotearoa 2011) Prime Minister: John Key (2008) 12. Land area: 103,734 sq mi (268,671 sq km); total area: 103,737 sq mi (268,680 sq km) Population (2010 est.): 4,252,277 (growth rate: 0.9%) Capital (2003 est.): Wellington, 342,500 (metro. area), 165,100 (city proper) Largest cities: Auckland, 369,300 (metro. area), 359,500 (city proper); Christchurch, 334,100 Monetary unit: New Zealand dollar Languages: English, Maori (both official) Ethnicity/race: European 69.8%, Maori 7.9%, Pacific Islander 4.4%, Asian 5.7%, other 0.5%, mixed 7.8%, unspecified 3.8% (2001) Religions: Anglican 15%, Roman Catholic 12%, Presbyterian 11%, Methodist 3%, Pentecostal 2%, Baptist 1%, other Christian 9%, none 26% (2001) National Holiday: Waitangi Day, February 6 13. Geography: South Africa, on the continent's southern tip, is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the west and by the Indian Ocean on the south and east. Its neighbors are Namibia in the northwest, Zimbabwe and Botswana in the north, and Mozambique and Swaziland in the northeast. The kingdom of Lesotho forms an enclave within the southeast part of South Africa, which occupies an area nearly three times that of California. The southernmost point of Africa is Cape Agulhas, located in the Western Cape Province about 100 mi (161 km) southeast of the Cape of Good Hope. Government: Republic. President: Jacob Zuma (2009) Total area: 471,008 sq mi (1,219,912 sq km) Population (2012 est.): 48,810,427 (growth rate: 0.412%) Monetary unit: Rand 14. Administrative capital (2003 est.): Pretoria, 1,541,300 (metro. area), 1,249,700 (city proper); Legislative capital and largest city: Cape Town, 3,140,600 (metro. area), 2,733,000 (city proper). Judicial capital: Bloemfontein, 378,000. No decision has been made to relocate the seat of government. South Africa is demarcated into nine provinces, consisting of the Gauteng, Northern Province, Mpumalanga, North West, KwaZulu/Natal, Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Northern Cape, and Free State. Each province has its own capital. Other large cities: Johannesburg, 1,009,035; Soweto, 858,644; Durban, 536,644 (2001). Languages: IsiZulu 23.8%, IsiXhosa 17.6%, Afrikaans 1 3.3%, Sepedi 9.4%, English 8.2%, Setswana 8.2%, Sesotho 7.9%, Xitsonga 4.4%, other 7.2% (2001) Ethnicity/race: black African 79%, white 9.6%, colored 8.9%, Indian/Asian 2.5% (2001) Religions: Zion Christian 11%, Pentecostal/Charismatic 8%, Catholic 7%, Methodist 7%, Dutch Reformed 7%, Anglican 4%, other Christian 36%, Islam 2%, none 15% (2001) 15. Geography: Guyana is the size of Idaho and is situated on the northern coast of South America, east of Venezuela, west of Suriname, and north of Brazil. A tropical forest covers more than 80% of the country. Government: Republic. President: Donald Ramotar (2011) Prime Minister: Samuel Hinds (1992) Land area: 76,004 sq mi (196,850 sq km); total area: 83,000 sq mi (214,970 sq km) Population (2012 est.): 741,908 (growth rate: 0.327%) Capital and largest city (2009 est.): Georgetown, 132,000 Monetary unit: Guyanese dollar 16. Languages: English (official), Amerindian dialects, Creole, Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), Urdu Ethnicity/race: East Indian 43.5%, black (African) 30.2%, mixed 16.7%, Amerindian 9.1%, other 0.5% (2002 census) Religions: Protestant 30.5% (Pentecostal 16.9%, Anglican 6.9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 5%, Methodist 1.7%), Hindu 28.4%, Roman Catholic 8.1%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.1%, Muslim 7.2%, other Christian 17.7%, other 4.3%, none 4.3% (2002 census) National Holiday: Republic Day, February 23 17. Geography: Covering most of the northern part of the North American continent and with an area larger than that of the United States, Canada has an extremely varied topography. The highest point in Canada is Mount Logan (19,850 ft; 6,050 m), which is in the Yukon. The two principal river systems are the Mackenzie and the St. Lawrence. The St. Lawrence, with its tributaries, is navigable for over 1,900 mi (3,058 km). Government: Canada is a federation of ten provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan) and three territories (Northwest Territories, Yukon, and Nunavut). Formally considered a constitutional monarchy, Canada is governed by its own House of Commons. While the governor-general is officially the representative of Queen Elizabeth II, in reality the governor-general acts only on the advice of the Canadian prime minister. Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II (1952) Governor-General: David Lloyd Johnston (since 2010) Prime Minister: Stephen Harper (since 2006) 18. Land area: 3,511,003 sq mi (9,093,507 sq km); total area: 3,855,102 sq mi (9,984,670 sq km) Population (2012 est.): 34,300,083 (growth rate: 0.78%) Capital (2004 est.): Ottawa, Ontario, 1,170,000 (metro. area) Largest cities (metropolitan areas) (2009 est.): Toronto, 5,377,000; Montreal, 3,750,000; Vancouver, 2,170,000; Calgary, 1,160,100; Edmonton, 1,101,600; Quebec, 710,700; Hamilton, 710,300; Winnipeg, 702,400; London, 459,700; Kitchener, 450,100 Monetary unit: Canadian dollar Languages: English 59.3%, French 23.2% (both official); other 17.5% Ethnicity/race: British Isles origin 28%, French origin 23%, other European 15%, indigenous Indian and Inuit 2%, other, mostly Asian, African, Arab 6%, mixed background 26% Religions: Roman Catholic 43%, Protestant 23% (including United Church 10%, Anglican 7%, Baptist 2%, Lutheran 2%), other Christian 4%, Muslim 2%, none 16% (2001) National Holiday: Canada Day, July 1 19. Lets practice what you have just learnt. Click below and try to solve the exercises: Part I If you didnt answer correctly to at least half of the questions, go back and review the topics. Part II 20. http://www.infoplease.com/ http://www.youtube.com/