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English Theme 8Music and Memory
“How to write a nice summary”
Mafuyu Kitahara2007-01-15
Format and such
● About 1000 words (900-1100 words are tolerable)
● Print on an A4-paper, word processor output
● Deadline = February 5th, at JIMUSHO● Style, Structure, and Accuracy ….
next
Style
● Put your name, number, title, and class
● Indent the first line of a paragraph● Take care of punctuation and spelling● Double space (line spacing = 2)● Fonts: 12 point, Times or the like
Structure● Section = large grouping
– Review of auditory memory studies– Characteristics of music structure w.r.t.
memory– Personal experience and finding
● Subsection = may correspond to each chapter
● Paragraph = topic and support– Topic = main point– Support = give details, use signal words
Accuracy
● Do not copy more than 3 words in a row● Must use your own words● But, be accurate: not too broad nor too
specific– e.g. “The organization of memory and the
limits of our ability to remember have a profound effect on how we perceive patterns of events and boundaries in time (p.5).”
Example: rephrased version
● Formal:– The organization of memory and its
capability actually determines our perception of patterns changing in time.
● More colloquial:– Experience of music depends so much on
how we can remember and how much we can remember.
Organization of memory
● Memory: 3 processes – Loosely related to 3 time scales
– not based on anatomical structure
– FUNCTIONAL
● Physiologically: neurons alter thhe strength and number of connections each other
Echoic memory● Stores raw nerve
impulses● Lasts less than a
second
– STM● Low capacity● Lasts up to 30 sec without rehearsal
● Focus of conscious awareness
Perceptual binding & categorization
● Bind features to coherent events
● Features: – frequency– amplitude
● Events: – a note (consists
of overtones)● Continuous to
discrete
Long Term Memory● Activate
memories of similar events in the past
● Identification of names, timber, voice...
Short Term Memory● Low capacity● Lasts up to 30
sec without rehearsal
● Focus of conscious awareness