English-TranslationMachine Translation

Presenter-Amit Amola

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Machine Translation

Machine translation is a sub-field of computational linguistics that investigates the use of software to translate text or speech from one natural language to another.

Given enough data, machine translation programs often work well enough for a native speaker of one language to get the approximate meaning of what is written by the other native speaker.

Example of some Machine Translators are- Google Translator, Babelfish, MT@EC, TIDES and Babylon Translator.

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An excerpt from:Sherlock Holmes: A Study Of Scarlet

Written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

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From English to ह िंदी

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“I consider that a man's brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose. A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best is jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has a difficulty in laying his hands upon it. Now the skillful workman is very careful indeed as to what he takes into his brain-attic. He will have nothing but the tools which may help him in doing his work, but of these he has a large assortment, and all in the most perfect order. It is a mistake to think that that little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you knew before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.”

"मैं एक आदमी का ददमाग मूल रूप से एक छोटे से खाली अटारी की तरह है कक विचार करें, और आप चुनत ेके रूप में इस तरह के फनीचर के साथ शेयर करने के ललए है. एक मूखख है, इसललए िह भर आता है कक हर तरह के सभी लकडी मेंलेता है के ललए उपयोगी हो सकता है, जो ज्ञान उसे िह बिछाने में एक कदिनाई है, ताकक िाहर भीड हो जाता है, या सिसे अच्छे रूप में अन्य िातों के साथ एक िहुत गडिड है इस पर उसके हाथ. अि कुशल कामगार िह अपने मस्ततष्क अटारी में ले जाता है के रूप में िातति में िहुत सािधान है. िह कुछ भी नहीीं है लेककन अपने काम करने में उसे मदद लमल सकती है जो उपकरण होगा, लेककन इनमें से िह सिसे सही क्रम में एक िड ेिगीकरण ककया है, और सि. ऐसा लगता है कक छोटे से कमरे लोचदार दीिारों है और ककसी भी हद तक तान कर सकत ेहैं कक लगता है कक एक गलती है. ज्ञान के हर इसके ललए आप पहले पता था कक कुछ भूल जात ेहैं जि िहााँ एक समय आता है इस पर ननभखर करती है. यह िेकार तथ्यों उपयोगी लोगों को िाहर elbowing है नहीीं, इसललए सिोच्च महत्ि का है. "Property of Amit Amola. Should be used

for reference and with consent.5

The translated ह िंदी text back into English

Property of Amit Amola. Should be used for reference and with consent.

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I have a man's brain originally is like a little empty attic, think, and with such furniture as you choose to share. A stupid, so he comes across in the timber takes all sorts to be useful, the knowledge that he has a difficulty in laying, so that gets crowded out, or at best,

among other things a lot is wrong with her hands on it. Now the skilled worker as he moves into his brain attic is very careful indeed. He is nothing but a tool that may help him in his work, but of these he has a large assortment in the right order, and all. It features small elastic walls and can distend to any extent that that is a mistake. Every addition of knowledge you forget something that you knew before there comes a time when you depend on it. It is useless facts elbowing out the useful ones, is therefore of paramount importance.

"मैं एक आदमी का ददमाग मूल रूप से एक छोटे से खाली अटारी की तरह है कक विचार करें, और आप चुनत ेके रूप में इस तरह के फनीचर के साथ शेयर करने के ललए है. एक मूखख है, इसललए िह भर आता है कक हर तरह के सभी लकडी में लेता है के ललए उपयोगी हो सकता है, जो ज्ञान उसे िह बिछाने में एक कदिनाई है, ताकक िाहर भीड हो जाता है, या सिसे अच्छे रूप में अन्य िातों के साथ एक िहुत गडिड है इस पर उसके हाथ. अि कुशल कामगार िह अपने मस्ततष्कअटारी में ले जाता है के रूप में िातति में िहुत सािधान है. िह कुछ भी नहीीं है लेककन अपने काम करने में उसे मदद लमल सकती है जो उपकरण होगा, लेककन इनमें से िह सिसे सही क्रम में एक िड ेिगीकरण ककया है, और सि. ऐसा लगता है कक छोटे से कमरे लोचदार दीिारों है और ककसी भी हद तक तान कर सकत ेहैं कक लगता है कक एक गलती है. ज्ञान के हर इसके ललए आप पहले पता था कक कुछ भूल जात ेहैं जि िहााँ एक समय आता है इस पर ननभखर करती है. यह िेकार तथ्यों उपयोगी लोगों को िाहर elbowing है नहीीं, इसललए सिोच्च महत्ि का है. "Property of Amit Amola. Should be used

for reference and with consent.7

Text Comparison

Property of Amit Amola. Should be used for reference and with consent.

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I consider that a man's brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose.

मैं एक आदमी का ददमाग मलू रूप से एक छोटे से खाली अटारी की तरह है कक विचार करें, और आप चुनते के रूप में इस तरह के फनीचर के साथ शेयर करने के ललए है.

मैं एक आदमी का ददमाग मलू रूप से एक छोटे से खाली अटारी की तरह है कक विचार करें, और आप चुनते के रूप में इस तरह के फनीचर के साथ शेयर करने के ललए है.

I have a man's brain originally is like a little empty attic, think, and with such furniture as you choose to share.

Beside the loss of sense in the translated text, the other difference is that the original text was in third person as the author was referring to all the male community, and we can see that the translated text has been converted into first person and that too with some use of the word “you” which is basically used to refer a third person.

Property of Amit Amola. Should be used for reference and with consent.

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A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best is jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has a difficulty in laying his hands upon it.

एक मखूख है, इसललए िह भर आता है ककहर तरह के सभी लकडी में लेता है के ललए उपयोगी हो सकता है, जो ज्ञान उसे िह बिछाने में एक कदिनाई है, ताकक िाहर भीड हो जाता है, या सिसे अच्छे रूप में अन्य िातों के साथ एक िहुत गडिड है इस पर उसके हाथ.

एक मखूख है, इसललए िह भर आता है कक हर तरह के सभी लकडी में लेता है के ललए उपयोगी हो सकता है, जो ज्ञान उसे िह बिछाने में एक कदिनाई है, ताकक िाहर भीड हो जाता है, या सिसे अच्छे रूप में अन्य िातों के साथ एक िहुत गडिड है इस पर उसके हाथ.A stupid, so he comes across in the timber

takes all sorts to be useful, the knowledge that he has a difficulty in laying, so that gets crowded out, or at best, among other things a lot is wrong with her hands on it.

In this translated text the basic flaw is the transformation of gender. In the original text masculine gender was used whereas the later one is in feminine gender.

Moreover the metaphor used in the original text is totally crippled in the translated text, i.e. the meaning is totally lost.Property of Amit Amola. Should be used

for reference and with consent.10

Now the skillful workman is very careful indeed as to what he takes into his brain-attic.

अि कुशल कामगार िह अपने मस्ततष्कअटारी में ले जाता है के रूप में िातति में िहुत सािधान है.

अि कुशल कामगार िह अपने मस्ततष्कअटारी में ले जाता है के रूप में िातति में िहुत सािधान है.

Now the skilled worker as he moves into his brain attic is very careful indeed.

Here the original text meant that a skilful person is quite intellectual and understands that what he has to store in his brain.

But in case of translated text it means as if a skilled worker is going into his attic to take rest after the work he did all day and he goes into the attic so carefully as if an assassin is waiting for him inside to kill him.

Property of Amit Amola. Should be used for reference and with consent.

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He will have nothing but the tools which may help him in doing his work, but of these he has a large assortment, and all in the most perfect order.

िह कुछ भी नहीीं है लेककन अपने काम करने में उसे मदद लमल सकती है जोउपकरण होगा, लेककन इनमें से िह सिसे सही क्रम में एक िड ेिगीकरण ककया है, और सि.

िह कुछ भी नहीीं है लेककन अपने काम करने में उसे मदद लमल सकती है जो उपकरण होगा, लेककन इनमें से िह सिसे सही क्रम में एक िड ेिगीकरण ककया है, और सि.

He is nothing but a tool that may help him in his work, but of these he has a large assortment in the right order, and all.

Here the author tells us that a smart man has his own ways to remember and retain everything. And compares him with a skilled craftsman who has specific tools to perform any task in a well sorted manner.

But in its translated text the man is described himself as a tool which totally disrupts the sense behind the original text.Property of Amit Amola. Should be used for reference and with consent.

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It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent.

ऐसा लगता है कक छोटे से कमरे लोचदार दीिारों है और ककसी भी हद तक तान कर सकते हैं कक लगता है कक एक गलती है.

ऐसा लगता है कक छोटे से कमरे लोचदार दीिारों है और ककसी भी हद तक तान कर सकते हैं कक लगता है कक एक गलती है.

It features small elastic walls and can distend to any extent that is a mistake.

The original text mentioned that the brain’s capacity is limited and it can store information up to some extent only.

On the other hand the translated text is looking bit absurd as there is no clue that from where the talk of elastic walls started and whose elastic walls we are talking about.

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Depend upon it there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you knew before.

ज्ञान के हर इसके ललए आप पहले पता था कक कुछ भलू जाते हैं जि िहााँ एक समय आता है इस पर ननभखर करती है.

ज्ञान के हर इसके ललए आप पहले पता था कक कुछ भलू जाते हैं जि िहााँ एक समय आता है इस पर ननभखर करती है.

Every addition of knowledge you forget something that you knew before there comes a time when you depend on it.

The first text is easy to understand. The author says that there comes a time in your life when you can’t store any more information and if you do, you forget something from your past knowledge.

Whereas the translated text’s meaning is quite interesting. It states that on every addition of new information you forget something that you knew before; and there comes a time when you feel the need of that lost knowledge.Property of Amit Amola. Should be used

for reference and with consent.14

It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.

यह िेकार तथ्यों उपयोगी लोगों को िाहर elbowing है नहीीं, इसललए सिोच्च महत्ि का है. "

यह िेकार तथ्यों उपयोगी लोगों को िाहर elbowing है नहीीं, इसललए सिोच्च महत्ि का है. "

It is useless facts elbowing out the useful ones, is therefore of paramount importance.

In this particular sentence the author meant to tell us that it is important for us to not store any useless information because it can lead to drain off of the useful ones.

But the translated text is thoroughly preposterous because it explains that the useless facts are more important than the useful one as they remove the later ones from our brain and consider them as paramount of all.

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But there is a way to improve this problem which Machine Translators make!By using Google Input Tools and Google Transliterarian we can do miracles with the translation. Though it still need human assistance but it is helpful in lot of ways.

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We all know the example of lihaaf where it shows that when we translate text into English from Hindi, it sometimes loses its femininity or masculineness. But it also occurs vice-versa. I found this while preparing my presentation.

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Additional Help From Google TranslationSome sentences in English who loses their gender when translated into Hindi.

She is beautiful and attractive.

Her mother prepared snacks for him.

It is difficult for him to come to school tomorrow.

िह सुींदर और आकर्खक है.

उसकी मााँ ने उसके ललए नाश्ता तैयार ककया.

उसके ललए कल विद्यालय आना मुस्श्कल है.Property of Amit Amola. Should be used for reference and with consent.

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Thank You

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