english_b_9_machinery_vehicular_safety.ppt

8/14/2019 english_b_9_machinery_vehicular_safety.ppt

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Machinery and Vehicular Safety


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Landscaping Related Activities

Excavating, grading, and site preparation

Transporting stone, sand, and mulch

Mowing and cutting Loading, transporting, and unloading

Wood chipping and shredding


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Hazardous Conditions and Unsafe Acts

Not inspecting, operating, and maintaining

machinery according to the manufacturer

Operating defective machinery

Not reading and following all warning labels

Untrained or unauthorized operation

Taking unnecessary risks

Not taking proper vehicular traffic precautions Operating too close to underground and

overhead utilities.


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Potential outcomes

Crushed or struck-by machinery

Caught in moving parts

Amputations Struck-by flying debris or striking the

public with flying debris

Struck-by motor vehicles during loadingand unloading activities

Fires, explosions, and electrocution


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Unsafe Work Practices can be

Deadly.


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WV FACE Fatal Fact

A worker was trimming

trees and dumping brush

over a steep bank.

He was not wearing his

seat belt.

The drop-off had no

barricade or stop log.

He accidentally rolled

over the banks edge.

He was crushed by his

tractor.


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Preventing Machine Hazards

There are thousands of machine-related

injuries each year.

Proper training can prevent these injuries.

Workers should know how to operate a

piece of machinery and inspect for

problem areas before turning on the

power.


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Preoperational Considerations

Have you reviewed the owner's manual?

Are the Warning decals in place?

Are the machine guards properly placedand in good condition?

Are air and hydraulic lines in good

condition and not leaking? Is the setup a proper setup?

Is the work zone free from hazards?


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Personal Protection

Wear personalprotective equipment,such as goggles,safety shoes andleather gloves.

Long hair should betucked under to avoidgetting caught inmachinery.

Avoid wearingjewelry.


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Machine Maintenance Safety

Keep machines

repaired, lubricated,

and adjusted.

Clearly mark controlswitches and valves

that control machines.

Check machines for

emergency stop

switches


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While Operating Machines

Stay away from moving parts.

Turn power off and remove key before

working around or performing

maintenance on the machine.

Use appropriate lockout and tagout

procedures to prevent equipment from

being re-energized while work is being

performed on or around it.


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Wood Chippers and Shredders


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Hazards of Wood Chippers

Workers feeding materials into self-feedingchippers or shredders can get caught inchipper knives.

A workers limb can be shredded. An unlatched, improperly secured, or

damaged hood can be thrown from the

chipper or shredder. Fixtures can easily be thrown if they come

into contact with the rotating knives.


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Selecting the Work Area

Position the chipper or shredder so that workers

do not have to stand on slopes when feeding

material into the machine.

Keep the area around the chipper or shredderfree of tripping hazards.

Put up warning signs to keep the public a safe

distance from work area.

Ensure the dislodging chute is positioned to

prevent chips from being blown in any direction.


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Chipper Safety Precautions

Wear a hard hat, sturdy slip-resistantfootwear, eye protection, hearingprotection, gloves without cuffs, and pants

without cuffs. Keep shirtsleeves buttoned and shirts

tucked into pants.

Read the operators manual and completetraining on proper use and safetyprecautions before using it.


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Chipper Safety Precautions

Do not work alone when using a chipper or

shredder.

Test all safety and emergency shut-off

devices before operating the chipper or

shredder.

Make sure the material to be chipped is

free from stones, metal, and other foreign

objects.


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Additional Information

http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/chipper_machine.pdf

OSH Answers: Equipment

http://www.cete.org/Trainer/WoodChipES.pdf

NIOSH FACE Program: California Case

Report 00CA01001 | CDC/NIOSH NIOSH FACE Program: In-house Report

2000-21 | CDC/NIOSH
http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/chipper_machine.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/chipper_machine.pdfhttp://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/landscaping/equipment.htmlhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/WoodChipES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/WoodChipES.pdfhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/ca/00ca010.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/ca/00ca010.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200021.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200021.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200021.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200021.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200021.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200021.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200021.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/In-house/full200021.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/ca/00ca010.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/ca/00ca010.htmlhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/WoodChipES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/WoodChipES.pdfhttp://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/landscaping/equipment.htmlhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/chipper_machine.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/chipper_machine.pdf


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Riding and Walk Behind Mowers
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://impeller.net/pics/magazine/0622-airpower.jpg&imgrefurl=http://impeller.net/magazine/News_en/doc3579x.asp&h=378&w=486&sz=64&hl=en&start=295&tbnid=nPYDVTjTMX2VDM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=129&prev=/images%3Fq%3DLawn%2BMowers%26start%3D288%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dstrict%26client%3Ddell-usuk-rel%26channel%3Dus%26sa%3DN%26ad%3Dw5


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Hazards of Mowers

A power lawnmower can resultin serious injuries.

The blade travelsat 100 to 200 milesper hour.

This landscaperslife will never bethe same.
http://ww1.prweb.com/prfiles/2005/12/14/322969/RescueRickLeftFootmedium.jpg


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Hazards of Mowers

Objects can bethrown from themower at very highrates of speed.

Before mowingremove debris fromlawn.

Keep all guards andsafety shields inplace.


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General Power Mower Safety

Begin by reading the operators manual.

Wear protective, close-fitting clothing.

Use hearing protection if indicated by the

operators manual. Take mowers out of gear before starting.

Read all warning labels.

Obey the warning labels!


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Leave Safety Devices Alone!

Never disengage or

bypass any safety

guard or interlock

switch. This mower now has

the ability to amputate

and throw objects at

deadly speeds.


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Prevent Dangerous Fires!

Never fill the gasoline

tank if the engine is

running.

Store gasoline in anapproved, properly

labeled container.

Never store gasoline

or any other material

in a food container.


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Store Fuel Properly!

Danger


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General Power Mower Safety

Disconnect the spark plug before repairingmower.

Turn off motor before removing a foreignobject.

Provide routine maintenance.

Warn humans and pets to stay away fromoperating mowers.


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Riding Mower Precautions

Turn off the mower before getting off.

When mowing on a slope with a riding

mower, you should mow down the slope.

Be aware of power take offs.

Wear a seat belt all of the time when the

mower is equipped with ROPS.


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Make Seatbelts a Habit!

This landscaper isnttaking any chances.

Using the belt willensure he remainswithin the safety zoneprovided by the rollover protectivestructure.

Seatbelts should beused 100% of thetime.


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Walk Behind Mower Precautions

Start push mowers from a firm stance with

feet in a safe position.

When mowing on a slope with a push

mower, you should mow across the slope.

In the event of a fall, push the mower

away from the body.


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This Worker Had a Close Call

Anything with

rotating blades

can do damage

to your body. Keep all parts

of your body

away from

lawnmowerblades.


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Dress for the Task at Hand

Sturdy shoes are a must; steel-toed workboots are advised.

Long pants and long sleeve shirts protect

from flying debris, grass clippings, andsun.

Safety glasses or goggles, especially

when mowing near solid objects like graveldriveways.

Hearing protection may be necessary.


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Wear the right shoes!

A poor choice of foot

wear.

Steel toed boots with

lugged soles shouldbe worn.

The steel toe will help

protect your feet.

The lugged soles will

help prevent slipping.


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http://www.cete.org/Trainer/EquipCutES.pdf

http://www.cete.org/Trainer/NoRidersES.pdf

http://www.cete.org/Trainer/PowerLwnES.pdf

http://www.cete.org/Trainer/RotLwnBrES.pdf

http://www.cete.org/Trainer/SmallEngES.pdf

OSH Answers: Riding Lawn Mowers

http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdf
http://www.cete.org/Trainer/EquipCutES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/NoRidersES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/PowerLwnES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/RotLwnBrES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/SmallEngES.pdfhttp://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/landscaping/lawnmower.htmlhttp://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdfhttp://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdfhttp://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdfhttp://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdfhttp://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/landscaping/lawnmower.htmlhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/SmallEngES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/RotLwnBrES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/PowerLwnES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/NoRidersES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/EquipCutES.pdf


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TRACTORS and ATTACHMENTS


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Tractor Hazards

A tractor is a useful piece of equipment tolandscapers, but misuse can be deadly.

A tractor can overturn often crushing the

operator. Operators can be entangled in PTO shaftsand other rotating parts.

People can be struck-by flying objects

when using pull behind rotary mowerattachments.


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Preventing Overturns

Safe work practices are necessary.

Most overturns occur to the side.

Select a low gear and match speed toconditions and loads.

If a front-end loader is mounted, keep it as

low as possible.

Always remember, If you are

uncomfortable on the slope, its too steep.


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Rear overturns pose a threat as well.

It may be possible to back up slopes or

drive forward down slopes that are too

steep to traverse.

Shift to the lowest gear that will be needed

before climbing the slope - dont change

gears on the slope.


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Look your work area over for ditches,

drop-offs and stream banks.

Consider marking or barricading bank

edges storage areas, and other frequently

traveled work zones.


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Rollover Protective Structure

A rollover protectivestructure (ROPS) willoffer significantprotection.

These roll-bars aredesigned to withstand thedynamic forces during arollover.

Using the seat belt is

necessary to ensure thatyou remain within thezone of protectionprovided by the ROPS.


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Tractor Attachments

Knowing thecapabilities of thetractor allows for theuse of the right

attachment for thejob.

The operatorsmanual will help

determine if theattachment isdesigned for the job.


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http://www.cete.org/Trainer/SafTrcSPES.pdf

http://www.cete.org/Trainer/SafStartES.pdf

http://www.cete.org/Trainer/RollROPSES.pdf

OSH Answers: Tractors

NIOSH FACE Program: Colorado Case

Report 95CO094 | CDC/NIOSH http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2

708.pdf
http://www.cete.org/Trainer/SafTrcSPES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/SafStartES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/RollROPSES.pdfhttp://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/tractors/http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/co/95co094.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/co/95co094.htmlhttp://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdfhttp://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdfhttp://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdfhttp://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/MF2708.pdfhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/co/95co094.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/co/95co094.htmlhttp://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/tractors/http://www.cete.org/Trainer/RollROPSES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/SafStartES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/SafTrcSPES.pdf


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Heavy Equipment


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Heavy Equipment Dangers

Run-over or struck-by equipment

Caught between solid objects and moving equipment

Caught between moving parts or elevated components

and the ground

Falling from machines or overturning equipment

Contacting overhead or underground utilities

Amputation due to cutting action

Entanglement in moving parts Struck-by flying debris and rocks

Leading to injury or death


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Causes of Equipment Accidents

Improper set-up and/or use of equipment

Not following manufacturers instructions

and warning labels

Defective equipment

Unsafe work practices


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Dump Body Accident

Driver freeing stuck

cable without strong

positive means of

dump body support.

Cable is freed

Dump body drops

Driver is crushed

This driver died !


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Heavy Equipment Safety

Inspected, operated and maintained

according to the manufacturer.

Operated by designated employees.

Operated so no hazards are created for

other workers.

Practice safe excavation techniques.


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NIOSH FACE Program: Massachusetts

Case Report 96MA016 | CDC/NIOSH

NIOSH FACE Program: Minnesota Case

Report 92MN009 | CDC/NIOSH

NIOSH FACE Program: New Jersey Case

Report 02NJ025 | CDC/NIOSH
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/ma/96ma016.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/ma/96ma016.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/mn/92mn009.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/mn/92mn009.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/nj/02nj025.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/nj/02nj025.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/nj/02nj025.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/nj/02nj025.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/mn/92mn009.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/mn/92mn009.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/ma/96ma016.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/stateface/ma/96ma016.html


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Excavation Safety Facts

Each year as many as 400 workers die and

another 4000 are injured from cave-ins.

Most deaths are in trenches 5-14 ft deep.

Cave-ins cause deaths by; Suffocation, Crushing,Loss of Circulation and Falling Objects.

One cubic foot of soil can weigh up to 140lbs

One cubic yard can weigh 3000 lbs.


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Excavation Hazards

Cave-ins (the greatest hazard)

Fires, Explosions, Electrocutions and

Engulfments due to utility hits

Struck by falling objects

Falls into excavation

Equipment rollovers Hazardous atmospheres


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Injury and Death

Excavating is one of themost hazardousconstruction operations

Most accidents occur intrenches 5-15 feet deep

There is usually no

warning before a cave-in


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Excavation Safety

Never enter a vertical sided trench unless it is

less then 5 feet deep and determined to be

safe.

Never enter a trench deeper then 5 feetunless a protective system is used.

Sloping, shoring, and shielding are examples

of protective systems. Sloping may be the easiest for landscapers.


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Excavation Safety-sloping

This is the acceptable slope for any kind of soil.

Excavations should be sloped as close as

possible to this configuration.


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Excavation Safety

Make sure a ladder is within 25 feet of your

work zone when deeper then 4 feet.

Make sure excavated dirt and rocks are kept

back at least 2 feet from the edge. Take precautions to ensure tools, materials,

and equipment wont roll or fall in.

Test the air in areas suspect to atmospherichazards.


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Excavation Safety

Work defensively, keep track of overhead

hazards which could fall in on you.

Never work under suspended loads.

Never work under equipment or equipmentcomponents.

Stay out of the equipments swing radius and

blind spots.


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http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane

_Facts/trench_excavation_fs.pdf

http://www.cete.org/Trainer/TrenchExES.pdf
http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/trench_excavation_fs.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/trench_excavation_fs.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/TrenchExES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/TrenchExES.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/trench_excavation_fs.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/trench_excavation_fs.pdf


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Defensive Machine Operation

Practice defensive operation at all times.This means that you must understand:

The machines capacity and stability

limitations Operating techniques and procedures

The task at hand

That using good judgment and professional

skill is always needed The manufacturers recommended operator

safety instructions and warning labels!


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Read and Follow all Warnings


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Defensive Machine Operation

Before leaving a machine, operator

must secure it by setting parking brake,

placing transmission in park, placing

each moving part to the ground, and

discharging stored energy.

Equipment must be operated so no

hazards are created for other workers


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Inspections are Important

Should be done at

the beginning of

each day.

Report problems toyour supervisor.

Defects that affect

safe operation must

be corrected.

Defective machines

can kill !


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What Do You Inspect ?

Manufacturers will

have pre-start

inspection lists.

Start at the samepoint each time and

work your way

around.

Operate Equipment According to


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Operate Equipment According to

the Manufacturer

Following the

manufacturers

instructions is

important. OSHA requires it !

A copy must be kept

with the equipment.

Protective Structures for


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Protective Structures for

Operators

Protective structures are cabs, FOPS,

and ROPS.

Most equipment has one of the above

systems.

Protects operators from rollovers and

falling objects.

Must be used with the seat belt!


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Required Seatbelt Use

ROPS, FOPS oroverhead guards

means you must

wear your seat belt.

Each year many

workers are killed by

rollovers without belt

use. Theres no time to

jump or hang on !


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http://www.cete.org/Trainer/RollROPSES.

pdf
http://www.cete.org/Trainer/RollROPSES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/RollROPSES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/RollROPSES.pdfhttp://www.cete.org/Trainer/RollROPSES.pdf


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Visibility and Safety

All vehicle andmachine glass must

be kept clean.

Free from scratches. Broken, missing or

cracked glass must

be replaced.

Visibility and safety

go hand in hand !


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Fire Prevention

Each piece ofequipment must have

its own extinguisher.

Each extinguishermust be fully charged.

Extinguishers should

be inspected at the

beginning of eachshift.


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Ground Crew Safety

Never place yourself in the direct path of

moving equipment or equipment that may

move unintentionally.

Realize that equipment has blind spots. Work defensively around equipment.


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Ground Crew Safety

Approach equipment only after making eyecontact and signaling the operator, wait for

their approval.

Never place yourself within the swing radiusor path of moving components. (especially

under)

Never stand directly between wheels or ontracks when talking to the operator.

Make sure they know you are there


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Make sure they know you are there

before approaching an operator.


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A very dangerous place to be.


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This worker is taking no chances.


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Worker in dangerous blind spot

f


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Moving parts and flying debris

Factory guards in place at all times.

Guards must protect worker from

moving parts.

Guards must protect the worker from

flying debris.

Most importantly, working safely around heavy


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equipment requires good judgment.

Dont takes risks like this worker is doing.

Ch ki d Bl ki


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Chocking and Blocking

E i t Shifti D


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Equipment Shifting Dangers

Serious injuries can happen when avehicle or piece of equipment moves whileit is being worked on.

Chocking and blocking prevent movementand prevent injuries.

Chocking the vehicle or equipment keepsit from rolling forward or backward.

Blocking the vehicle or equipment keeps itfrom falling on workers under it.

Ch ki


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Chocking

When unhooking towedequipment, make surethe tires on theequipment have beenchocked.

Do not rely on theequipments brakes.

The rear-most axleshould be the one that ischocked.

Tires may need to bechocked in both the frontand the rear on someequipment.

Bl ki


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Blocking

When working onequipment, never rely

only on jacks or hoists to

support the equipment.

The equipment should beblocked.

Use jacks or hoists only

to raise the equipment.

Jack-stands areconsidered blocking.

Loading and Unloading of
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/fire/images/200334D1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/fire/reports/face200334.html&h=341&w=300&sz=16&hl=en&start=49&tbnid=4y1N5SoDNd2yFM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=106&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2522Cribbing%2522%26start%3D36%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dstrict%26client%3Ddell-usuk-rel%26channel%3Dus%26sa%3DN%26ad%3Dw5http://www.bigtreevfc.com/jpeg/crib01.jpghttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/docs/d001601-d001700/d001676/2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/docs/d001601-d001700/d001676/d001676.html&h=246&w=231&sz=24&hl=en&start=50&tbnid=n2Zk6wNwxis91M:&tbnh=110&tbnw=103&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2522Chocking%2522%26start%3D36%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dstrict%26client%3Ddell-usuk-rel%26channel%3Dus%26sa%3DN%26ad%3Dw5http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.panteraplace.com/Tools/Tool%25207.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.panteraplace.com/page160.htm&h=640&w=480&sz=45&hl=en&start=128&tbnid=N9W6vWerF1T-lM:&tbnh=137&tbnw=103&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2522Jack%2BStands%2522%26start%3D126%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D18%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dstrict%26client%3Ddell-usuk-rel%26channel%3Dus%26sa%3DN%26ad%3Dw5


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Loading and Unloading of

Equipment Loading and unloading

equipment safely takes

an effort.

Many workers have

been killed before the

job starts.

What are the hazards?

What can we do?

E i t U l di A id t


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Equipment Unloading Accident

Operator unloading

dozer without

wearing a seat belt

Dozer begins to

slide off trailer

Operator tries to

jump Operator is crushed

by dozer !

This is NOT How You Should


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This is NOT How You Should

Transport a Riding Mower!

TRAFFIC CONTROL


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TRAFFIC CONTROL

T ffi t l


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Traffic control

This single cone is notenough traffic control.

Barricades should be

erected to detour the

passage vehicles fromhazardous areas.

If there are questions

about which signs should

be used, refer to theState Traffic Control

Manual for guidance.

T ffi C t l


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Traffic Control

Flag persons should be properly dressed

Bright orange, yellow, or yellow green vest

(reflective at night)

Hard hat Flag (18 X 18) or STOP / SLOW sign

Always stand on the berm next to the traffic you

are controlling or in the barricaded lane.

UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES stand in the

lane being used by traffic.

Most Importantly, working near


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Most Importantly, working near

traffic requires approved high-

visibility clothing.



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ne_Facts/work_zone_safety.pdf
http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/work_xone_traffic_safety.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/work_xone_traffic_safety.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/work_zone_safety.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/work_zone_safety.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/work_zone_safety.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/work_zone_safety.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/work_xone_traffic_safety.pdfhttp://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/work_xone_traffic_safety.pdf

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english_b_9_machinery_vehicular_safety.ppt

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