Report on the survey and collection of banana cultivars resistant to nematodes in small-scale cropping systems. Occurence and population of nematodes in the bananas were studied while varieties resistant to nematodes, particularly of Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne spp. The banana's resistance reaction were validated under farmer's field condition.
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5/20/2010 1 Enhancing Capacity for Nematode Management in Small-Scale Banana Cropping Systems Project Title: Project Duration: a. Date Project Started: 01 July 2002 b. Date of Completion: 30 June 2008 Funding: VLIR Collaborating Institutions: UPLB, KUL, Bioversity International Enhancing Capacity for Nematode Management in Small- Scale Banana Cropping Systems Study 1. Survey and collection of banana cultivars resistant to nematodes in small-scale cropping systems Study 2. Survey of population, occurrence and prevalence of nematode species associated with banana Study 3. Identification of banana varieties with resistance to nematodes for use in classical breeding Study 4. Assessment of diversity of Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne spp. Study 5. Validation of resistance reaction of selected banana cultivars under farmers’ field conditions Component Studies:
Transcript
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Enhancing Capacity for Nematode Management in Small-Scale Banana Cropping Systems
Project Title:
Project Duration:a. Date Project Started: 01 July 2002b. Date of Completion: 30 June 2008
Funding: VLIR
Collaborating Institutions: UPLB, KUL, Bioversity International
Enhancing Capacity for Nematode Management in Small-Scale Banana Cropping Systems
Study 1. Survey and collection of banana cultivars resistant to nematodes in small-scale cropping systems
Study 2. Survey of population, occurrence and prevalence of nematode species associated with banana
Study 3. Identification of banana varieties with resistance to nematodes for use in classical breeding
Study 4. Assessment of diversity of Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne spp.
Study 5. Validation of resistance reaction of selected banana cultivars under farmers’ field conditions
Component Studies:
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1. To improve banana production at the smallholderlevel through the development of an alternativemethod for the management of nematodes insmall-scale banana cropping systems
2. To strengthen the nematological training andresearch capacity of the College of Agriculture,University of the Philippines Los Baños
3. To train Southeast Asian nematologists in banananematology
Enhancing Capacity for Nematode Management in Small-Scale Banana Cropping Systems
General Objectives:
Accomplishments
Survey sites: Luzon (Quezon, Oriental Mindoro
and Quirino provinces)Visayas (Cebu)Mindanao (Davao del Norte and
Davao del Sur)
Samples collected: 529 root samples involving 37 cultivars
Study 1. Survey and collection of banana cultivars resistant to nematodes in small-scale cropping systems
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Most number of samples: collectedLatundan (130)Lakatan (106)Saba (82)Cardaba (56)Bungulan (29)Sab-a (28)Morado (25)Quarenta dias (20)
Study 1. Survey and collection of banana cultivars resistant to nematodes in small-scale cropping systems
Sabang Puti (Cebu) - 62.0% DR Morado and Cuarenta dias (Quirino) - 65% and 50% DR,
respectivelyPulo (Davao) - 40.0% RN and 30.0% DR
Study 2. Survey of population, occurrence and prevalence of nematode species associated with banana
Root damage assessment (based on percent necrosis and dead roots)
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Accomplishments
Observed in all surveyed areas but in trace to less than 25% galling incidence only (RGI: 1.0 – 2.0) in cultivars Morado, Bungulan, Saba, Lakatan, Latundan and Mundo.
Root galling
Study 2. Survey of population, occurrence and prevalence of nematode species associated with banana
Highest nematode counts per 10 gram root samples was observed in Latundan (727 individuals) and the least in cultivar Pacol with only 24 individual nematodes
Study 2. Survey of population, occurrence and prevalence of nematode species associated with banana
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Activity 1. Maintenance of pure cultures of
nematodes
Activity 2. Identification of resistance in local banana
cultivars to nematodes under greenhouse
condition
Activity 3. Confirmation of resistance of identified resistant
cultivars to nematodes under field condition
Study 3. Identification of banana varieties and other Musa species with resistance to nematodes for use in classical breeding
Activity 1. Maintenance of pure cultures
Radopholus similis from Davao City was maintained and cultured in carrot discs.
Meloidogyne incognita from UPLB was maintained and cultured in okra plants.
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Activity 2. Identification of resistance
Screening for resistance to R. similis (Davao population) (6 pot experiments)
Thirty (34) local cultivars
Two (2) accessions of M. balbisiana
Pisang Jari Buaya and Yangambi Km 5 – resistant checks
Grand Naine – susceptible check
Nine (9) cultivars and one collection of M. balbisiana were found resistant and/or tolerant to R. similis.
Resistant: Cuarenta Dias (AA), Guyod (AA),
Morong Princesa (AA), M.
balbisiana (BBw) (98-085)
Tolerant: Ambon (AAA), Cardaba (BBB),
Galamay Señora (AAB), Katali (ABB),
Kinamay Dalaga (AA), Pandili (UC)
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Activity 2. Identification of resistance
Screening for resistance to M. incognita (UPLB isolate) (5 pot experiments)
Thirty (32) local cultivars
Grand Naine was used as susceptible check
Eleven (11) cultivars were found resistant/tolerant
to M. incognita.
Resistant: Ambon (AAA), Pandili (UC), Sulay
Baguio (AAA), Tanggung (AAA)
Tolerant: Cardaba (BBB), Datu (AAA), Katali
(ABB), Kinamay Dalaga (AA),
Laknau (AAB), Manang (AA),
Matavia (ABB)
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Activity 3. Confirmation of resistance/tolerance under
field condition (micro-plot experiment)
R. similis (7): Cuarenta Dias, Galamay Señora, Guyod,
Morong Princesa, Pandili, Yangambi Km
5 (R), Grand Naine (S)
M. incognita (6): Ambon, Morong Princesa, Pandili,
Sulay Baguio, Tanggung, Grand Naine (S)
Problems encountered:
o Some cultivars were infected with BBTV.
o Some cultivars were destroyed by typhoon.
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Response of banana cultivars to R. similis
under field condition
Cultivar % root necrosis No. of nematodes
per 10 g roots
Cuarenta Dias 5.8 13
Galamay Señora 5.8 14
Guyod 8.2 19
Morong Princesa 19.3 34
Pandili 9.2 6
Y Km 5 (R) 5.8 7
Grand Naine (S) 41.3 486
Response of banana cultivars to M. incognita
under field condition
Cultivar Root galling index No. of nematodes
(0-5) per 10 g roots
Ambon 1.3 45
Morong Princesa 1.1 70
Tanggung 1.6 74
Pandili 1.0 81
Sulay Baguio 1.7 160
Grand Naine (S) 3.3 1,299
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Study 4. Assessment of diversity of Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne spp. Populations
(MS Thesis of Ms. Aireen G. Castillo, CPC)
Activity 1. Identification and pathogenicity of Quirino, Laguna, Quezon and Oriental Mindoro Meloidogyne spp. populations to banana cultivars
Activity 2. Reactions of different banana cultivars and species to four M. incognita populations
Identification of Meloidogyne spp. Populations based on morphology and taxonomic characters
Morphological Characters (10 males):
head cap
head regionstylet
tail structure
tail regionspicule
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Identification of Meloidogyne spp. Populations based on morphology and taxonomic characters
Morphological Characters (perineal pattern of 10
females):
dorsal arch
lateral field
striae
tail terminus
head cap
Identification of Meloidogyne spp. based on
morphology and taxonomic characters
Morphometrics:
Eggs and juveniles - length and width
Adult males – body length and width, head
height and width, length of
stylet, esophagus, testis,
spicule, tail
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Variability/differences in the morphology and morphometrics of the Meloidogyne incognita were observed within and among populations.
Differences in the morphology and morphometricsof the Meloidogyne populations did not indicate differential virulence or aggressiveness of the population against the banana cultivars screened.
Activity 2. Reactions of different banana cultivars and
species to four M. incognita populations
Cultivars(10): Bungulan, Cardaba, Cuarenta
Dias, Datu, Lakatan, Latundan,
Mundo, Sulay Baguio, Grand Naine (S)
Species: M. balbisiana (98-617)
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Activity 2. Reactions of different banana
cultivars and species to four M.
incognita populations
Parameters: plant height, pseudostem girth
at base, shoot and root weight
Root damage: Root galling index
Nematode reproduction: number of egg-
laying females, number per 10 g,
and root system
Activity 2. Reactions of different banana cultivars
and species to four M. incognita
populations
M. incognita populations significantly showed negative influence on all growth parameters.
All cultivars were susceptible or not tolerant to M. incognita populations.
No possible relationship between populations withdifferent parasitic ability and in the resistant/ susceptibility of the cultivars screened was established.
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Title. Reactions of Different Banana Cultivars (Musa x
paradisiaca) Linn. Against UPLB, Davao and
Quezon Province Populations of Radopholus
similis (Cobb) Thorne(MS Thesis of Ms. Marita S. Pinili)
Activity 1. In vitro reproductive fitness of three R. similis populations
Activity 2. Morphology and morphometrics of three R. similis populations
Activity 3. Pathogenicity and host-plant reactionson banana cultivars and species
Activity 1. In vitro reproductive fitness of three
R. similis populations
Data: Nematode densities and reproduction ratios
at 4,5,6,7,8 and 8 weeks after inoculation on
carrot discs (28 C). The initial inoculum was
20 adult females.
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Quezon isolate increased by 1.8, 55.4 and 127.6
times at 4, 5 and 6 weeks, respectively. Higher growth rate was observed.
Densities of UPLB and Davao populations were similar at 5 weeks but lower compared to Quezon isolate.
Nematode density and reproduction ratio was highest at 8 weeks with Davao population.
UPLB population had the highest density at 7 weeks after inoculation.
Quezon population produced more reproductive females at 6 weeks, while 7 and 8 weeks for UPLB and Davao populations.
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Activity 2. Morphology and morphometrics of three
R. similis populations
Parameters: body length & width, tail length
and width, anus, anterior and
posterior ovary length, testis and
spicule length
Females are longer than males although variations between populations were observed.
UPLB females had the longest and widest body, longest posterior ovary and tail
No significant variations were observed on spiculelength and gubernaculum, stylet length, head length and width.
Tail shape and length varied within and among populations.
UPLB population showed only one type of tail terminus, truncate with annulations.
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Activity 3. Pathogenicity and host-plant reactions
on banana cultivars and species
Cultivars (10) in 2 pot experiments:
Bungulan, Cardaba, Cuarenta Dias, Lakatan-
Davao, Latundan, Morado, M. balbisiana (98-
617), Yangambi Km 5 and Pisang Jari Buaya
(R), and Grand Naine (S)
Activity 3. Pathogenicity and host-plant reactions
on banana cultivars and species
Parameters: plant height, girth width, shoot and
and root weights, number of
functional leaves, root damage (%
dead roots, root health assessment,
% root necrosis), number of
nematodes per plant
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Davao population gave significant number of nematodes per plant and on root damage, followed by UPLB and Quezon populations.
Davao population gave the highest percent reduction in growth parameters of test genotypes except Lakatan-Davao.
All cultivars except Bungulan was found resistant to Quezon isolate.
Accomplishments
Study 5. Validation of resistance reaction of selected banana cultivars under farmers’ field conditions
Four (4) farmers’ field trials were
set up
Tiaong
TayabasLucban
Infanta
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Accomplishments
Validation of resistance reaction of selected banana cultivars under farmers’ field conditions
7 local cultivars (Cardaba, Latundan, Lakatan, Buñgulan, Cuarenta Dias, Cavendish and Sulay Baguio)
Preliminary results indicate the presence of few nematodes in Tiaong.
DELA CRUZ FS, I. VAN DEN BERGH, D DE WAELE, DM HAUTES and AB MOLINA (eds) 2005. Towards management of Musa nematodes in Asia and the Pacific (Country Reports). IPRGI. 93 pp.
DELA CRUZ FS, I. VAN DEN BERGH, D DE WAELE, DM HAUTES and AB MOLINA (eds) 2005. Towards management of Musanematodes in Asia and the Pacific (Technical Manual). IPRGI. 76 pp
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Best Poster: International
ZORILLA RA, TO DIZON, DC PANTASTICO, JI ORAJAY, FS DELA CRUZ JR. , I VAN DEN BERGH, DM HAUTEA and D DE WAELE. 2004. Occurrence and damage potential assessment of nematode in different banana cultivars in Quezon Province, Philippines. Ist International Banana Congress, La Rosa Sayang Resort, Malaysia, July 6-9, 2004.
Recognitions:
Other Accomplishments
Best Poster: National
ZORILLA RA, TO DIZON, FS DELA CRUZ JR, MS PINILI, AG CASTILLO, TD REYES, SM CALDERON, LC DEL MUNDO, I VAN DEN BERGH and D DE WAELE. 2007. Survey and damage assessment on banana cultivars infected with plant parasitic nematodes in Davao del Sur, Davao del Norte and Cebu provinces. Paper presented during the 38th PMCP Anniv. and Annual Scientific Conference held at Bohol Tropics Resort, Tagbilaran City on March 20-23, 2007.
Recognitions:
Other Accomplishments
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Regional and Local Trainings:
Training Workshop on Enhancing Capacity for Nematode Management for Small Scale Banana Cropping system, IPB, December 3-7, 2003
Other Accomplishments
In-country Training Workshop on Enhancing Capacity forNematode Management in Musa, IPB, May 23-26, 2005.
