Immature squamous metaplasia of endocervix
Mature squamous metaplasia of endocervix
The most common origin of cervical squamous cell carcinoma
nuclear enlargement, hyperchromasia (dark staining), coarse chromatin granules, and variation in nuclear size and shape (pleomorphism), loss of maturation and increased mitoses
This clearing is normal & it is due to glycogen
In lower third
In full thiscness but the BM is intact
In lower 2 thirds
= HSIL (high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion)
= LSIL (low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion)
= carcinoma in situ
These lesions are caused by HPV 16,18…etc.
= cervical smear cytology
Name for a stain that is good for nuclear details
Enlarged nucleus, irregular nuclear contours & abnormal chromatin
Changes worse than LSIL
Islands of atypical squamous cells are infiltrating the stroma
Keratin pearl
Invasive squamous cell carcinoma
Normal proliferative endometrium …the gland/stroma ratio is normal …the glands are regular and rounded
Surface epithelium
Simple cystic hyperplasia: The glands are cystically dilated and crowded with decreased stroma and increased gland/stroma ratio
Complex hyperplasia: The glands are branched, irregular and crowded with decreased stroma and increased gland/stroma ratio
Simple hyperplasia without atypia
Complex hyperplasia without atypia
Complex hyperplasia with atypia Complex hyperplasia with atypia…high power
Atypia here: enlarged vacuolated nucleus with prominent nucleolus
Cribriforming: 1 large structure with multiple glandular spaces inside
Endometrioid carcinoma
The glands are fused …marked architectural disturbance (most important) + atypia
This is high grade endometrioid carcinoma…sheets of cells (not forming glands)…poorly differentiated
few areas still contain glands
Serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma
Papillae of serous endometrial carcinoma (it is commonly papillary and high grade by definition)
Endometrial glands & stroma that form a polyp in colon Colonic mucosa
Endometriosis (this example is in colon)
A bisected uterus showing multiple well-circumscribed masses in its wall… The masses are white to yellow with hard whorly cut surface …multiplicity is toward benign more
Leiomyomata
Leiomyoma …smooth muscle cells …benign because the criteria that depend on tumor necrosis, atypia & mitotic rate are not matched here
Leiomyosarcoma …this is an area of a tumor the features of which matched the criteria of malignancy …note the marked atypia & high mitotic rate
Inside circles are mitoses