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ENS 501G English Phonetics II English Phonetics II In linguistics, as you would expect, we talk...

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ENS 501G English Phonetics II In linguistics, as you would expect, we talk about language quite a lot. Normally, language does not talk about itself. Georg Gadamer , in "Man and Language", has suggested that one of the essential properties of language is that its users are ideally unaware of it. In discussing the price of petrol, people are usually unaware of the words they are speaking and hearing – the train of ideas occupies their conscious minds, or at least the concepts involved are manifested at a higher level of consciousness than the linguistic forms. But when discussing and writing about linguistics we are applying language to itself, and the train of ideas consciously moves into areas which are normally unconscious. This produces some interesting effects.
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ENS 501G English Phonetics II In linguistics, as you would expect, we talk about language quite a lot. Normally, language does not talk about itself. Georg Gadamer , in "Man and Language", has suggested that one of the essential properties of language is that its users are ideally unaware of it. In discussing the price of petrol, people are usually unaware of the words they are speaking and hearing – the train of ideas occupies their conscious minds, or at least the concepts involved are manifested at a higher level of consciousness than the linguistic forms. But when discussing and writing about linguistics we are applying language to itself, and the train of ideas consciously moves into areas which are normally unconscious. This produces some interesting effects.

ENS 501G English Phonetics II

• Segmental phonology• Word prosody• Sentence prosody• Discourse prosody• Metrical prosody

• intensity (loudness)• pitch (intonation)

Etymonline (look up segment)

(Look up prosody)

• Segmental phonologybanFeatures:

manner: plosiveplace: bilabialvoicing: voiced

manner: nasalplace: alveolarvoicing: voiced

manner: vowelplace: frontplace: openvoicedunrounded

lips together

phonation (voicing)

nasal passage open

tongue on alveolarridge

Segmental phonology

ban

ban

Segmental phonology

• Are phonemes “really there”?• Do illiterate language users segment

language?• The “idealism” of phonology

nasal passage open

lips together

Segmental phonology

h0umdiphthong starting mid-centtre and moving towards close back

phonation (voicing)

• Features which span more than one segment are known as suprasegmental features

• Prosody as a complex of suprasegmental features

A suprasegmental feature: intensity

A suprasegmental feature: pitch

Intensity and pitch shown together

• Segmental phonology• Word prosody• Sentence prosody• Discourse prosody• Metrical prosody

• intensity (loudness)• pitch (intonation)

Prosody

Etymonline (look up prosody)

Word Prosody

• In any word, only one syllable takes the main stress.

pennydenyphotographphotography

Word Prosody

CockfostersEmbankmentEdgware RoadGooge StreetBakerlooHeathrowMarble ArchMarylebone

• Monument• Picadilly• Southgate• South Hamstead• Southampton• Westminster• Avonbridge• Aberdeen

Word Prosody

• Roach, chapters 10 and 11• Handout on Word Stress

• Word prosody• Sentence prosody• Discourse prosody• Metrical prosody

• intensity (loudness)• pitch (intonation)

Prosody

Sentence Prosody

• Word categories (Parts of Speech)• Weak syllables and weak forms• Tone Group (Intonation Phrase)• Nucleus and nucleus position• Tones on the nucleus• Preheads, Heads and Tails

• Word prosody• Sentence prosody• Discourse prosody• Metrical prosody

• intensity (loudness)• pitch (intonation)

Prosody

Discourse Prosody

• Old and new information• Broad and Narrow Focus• Deaccentuation

• Word prosody• Sentence prosody• Discourse prosody• Metrical prosody

• intensity (loudness)• pitch (intonation)

Prosody

Metrical Prosody

• Old Germanic metre• Classical English metres• Modern poetry


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