OKCDE2016
ENTOMOLOGY3-4MemberTeam
IMPORTANTNOTE
PleasethoroughlyreadtheGeneralCDERulesSectionatthebeginningofthishandbookforcompleterulesandproceduresthatarerelevanttoStateFFACareerDevelopmentEvents.
I. PURPOSE
Theinsectcontestintroduceshighschoolstudentstothefundamentalsofentomologyanddevelopsskillsinidentificationofcommoninsectsandtheirrelativesusingtaxonomyandnomenclatureusedbypractitionersintheindustryandinthescientificcommunity.Understandinginsectsandkeyspeciesisofutmostimportancetoagriculturalcropsandanimalproduction,conservation,humanandcompanionanimalhealthandwell-being.Thebasicentomologicalprinciplestobecoveredinclude:1)insectstructureandfunction,2)metamorphosis,3)insectidentification,and4)importancetopeople.Theeventissupportedbycurriculumofthefollowingagriculturefoodandnaturalresourcecoursework:PrinciplesofAgriculture,Food,andNaturalResources,LivestockProduction,SmallAnimalMgt.,EquineScience,AdvancedAnimalScience,LandscapeDesign,TurfGrassMgt.,HorticulturalSciences,AdvancedPlantandSoilScience,PracticumsinAgriculture,Food,andNaturalResources,AppliedEntomology,andVeterinaryMedicalApplications.
II. OBJECTIVESa. Theobjectivesofthecontestistoteachparticipantsthebasicsofidentifyinginsects
andunderstandtheirroleintheenvironment,understandthedifferenttypesofmetamorphosisinsectsundergo,fundamentalstepininsectidentification,andidentifyinginsectsutilizingaidentificationkey.
III. EVENTRULES
a. Notalking,comparing,orcopyingofcardsb. DecisionsofthejudgeswillbeFINAL!c. Thehighthreescoreswillbeconsideredastheofficialteamscore.
IV. EVENTFORMAT
A. TeamMake-Up1. Oneentomologyteamcomposedofthreeorfourmemberswillconstitutea
team.2. Schoolsnotenteringateammayenteroneortwostudentsonanindividual
basis.
OKCDE2016
B. Equipment1. Handlens(atleast10xmagnification)2. Identificationkeys(provided)3. Pencilorwritingutensil
C. EventSchedule1. Eachcontestantshallcompletetheeventinthetimeallotted:
D. SectionI(36points)1. Thereare12stations.Eachstationisworththreepoints.Twopointsarefor
thecommonname(speciesorfamilygroup)andonepointisforfood.E. SectionII(40points)
1. Thereareeightstationseachworthfivepoints.Youaretonamethescientificfamilynameorordernameorsuborder.Readthequestioncarefullytoseewhichisrequired.
F. SectionIII(15points)1. Therearethreestationseachstationisworthfivepoints.Participantswill
usetheidentificationkeystokeyoutspecimens.G. SectionIV(6points)
1. Thereisonlyonestationworthsixpoints.Participantswillprovidethreeordinalcharacteristicsofthespecimen.Eachcharacteristicisworthtwopoints.
H. SectionV(3points)1. Thereisonestationworththreepoints.Participantswillgivethescientific
ordername,commonname,andfoodthespecimeneats.Eachisworthonepointforatotalofthreepoints.
V. SCORING SectionI……………….36 SectionII……………….40 SectionIII………………15 SectionIV………………6 SectionV……………….3 TotalPoints Individual……………..100 Team……………………300
VI. TIEBREAKERSTeamandindividualtieswillbebrokenusingthefollowingareas:A. SpellingonordersB. Ifstilltied,spellingonfamiliesC. Ifstilltied,spellingoncommonnames
OKCDE2016
VII. REFERENCESEntomologyManualhttp://entoplp.okstate.edu/4H-FFA/ppt/Ento-contest-v2010andlater.pdf
VIII. SUPPLEMENTALMATERIALSANDFORMS http://entoplp.okstate.edu/4H-FFA/ppt/guides.html
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ENTOMOLOGYIDENTIFICATIONCONTESTREQUIREMENTSANDSTUDYMATERIALS
Effective2010andlater
Compiledby:
DepartmentofEntomologyandPlantPathologyOklahomaStateUniversity127NobleResearchCenter
Stillwater,OK74078(405)744-5527
2
FFA/4-HENTOMOLOGYCONTESTSTABLEOFCONTENTSGeneralInformationaboutEntomologyContests Page3HowtoRecognizeanInsect Page4HowtoKnowtheInsectOrdersandFamilies Page7HowtoUseInsectKeys Page9HowInsectsGrowandChange(metamorphosis) Page14FoodofInsects Page16EntomologyContestList(ContestRequirements/Listingofthingswhichcanbeaskofparticipants) Page17SampleAnswerSheet Page24SuggestedStudyMaterials(References) Page26
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FFA/4-HENTOMOLOGYCONTESTS
Theentomologycontestwillbedividedintotwoparts.Thefirstpartwillbespotidentification
ofinsectsorotherarthropodsusingthelistofspeciesonthefollowingpages.Contestantswill
beexpected toknow the insects, their scientificorderor familynames, their food,and their
ordinalcharacteristicsasgiveninthelist.
Thesecondpartof thecontestwillbe identificationusingpictorialkeys.Thestudentswillbe
gradedontheirabilitytousethekeysandarenotexpectedtomemorizethem.Necessarykeys
willbesupplied to thecontestants,buteachwillbeexpected to furnish theirownhand lens
(preferably at least of 10x magnification). All necessary collection information (i.e., host,
location on host, etc.) will be furnished with the contest specimens for this portion of the
contest. Copies of the pictorial field keys for classroom study can be obtained through the
Entomology and Plant Pathology office atOklahoma StateUniversity. A list of field keys and
otherreferencematerialisprovidedattheendofthisguide.
NUMBERALLOWEDTOPARTICIPATE:Eachcountycanenterasmanyteamsastheywish.A
team can consist of threeor fourmemberswith thehighest three scores used for the team
score.Juniorteamsmusthavenomembermorethan13yearsoldasofJanuary1oftheyearin
whichtheyareparticipating.Seniorteamsmayhaveoneormoremembersofjuniorage.
FFA/4-Hmembersmayalsoenterasindividualsiftherearenotenoughmembersfromacounty
tomake up a team. Both team and individual awardswill be given at the junior and senior
levels.Seethestatefaircatalogsforspecificawards.
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HOWTORECOGNIZEANINSECT
TheinsectsbelongtoaclassofanimalsknownasArthropoda.Theyarethelargestgroupinthe
class but not the only one. Since the Entomology Contest List includes some of these other
arthropods,youshouldknowhowtorecognizethedifferentgroups.
Themost important charactersused in separating the arthropodgroups are thepresenceor
absenceofantennaeandthenumberof legs.Adult insectshaveantennaeandthreepairsof
legs.Larvalinsects,suchascaterpillars,havethreepairsoftruelegsnearthefrontendbutmay
alsohaveseveralpairsofprolegs(false legs)ontheabdomen.Allothergroupsofarthropods
have fourormorepairsof legsasadultsand several groupsdonothaveantennae.Another
characteristic of insects is the presence of three distinct body regions (head, thorax, and
abdomen).Theothergroupsofarthropodshaveonlytwobodyregions.
TheKeytoarthropodgroupsonthenexttwopagesshouldhelpyouseparatetheinsectsfrom
theothergroupsyouneedtoknow(spiders,ticks,scorpions,etc.).
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HOWTOKNOWTHEINSECTORDERSANDFAMILIES
Thereareoveramillionkinds(orspecies)ofinsectsintheworldandnoonecanlearnthemall.
Butalloftheseinsectsaredividedintoabout31similargroupscalledorderswhichareeasyto
recognize.Youareaskedtolearn20ordernamesandhere’showyoucanrememberthem.
MOSTORDERSENDIN"PTERA"WHICHMEANS"WING"
**Remember:ptera=wing**
Orthoptera=Ortho"wing". Sinceyouknow thatyougo to theorthodontist togetbracesor
somethingto"straighten"yourteeth,the"Orth"means"straight".Orthopterameans"straight
wing"andsureenoughgrasshoppersandcricketshavestraightwings.
While we are on the subject of orthodontists, the "odon" means "tooth". Dragonflies and
damselflies belong to the orderOdonata whichmeans "dragons tooth". This is one of the
orderswhichdonotendin"ptera".
Hemiptera=Hemi"wing".InyourgeographyclassyoustudytheWesternHemisphereorthe
Western"1/2"sphere.Therefore,Hemipterameans"1/2wing".Alltruebugs(suborder
Heteroptera),suchasstinkbugs,havethefirst1/2oftheirfrontwingstoughandleatheryand
the outer 1/2 thin and membranous. Cicadas, leafhoppers, and treehoppers (suborder
Auchenorrhyncha),andaphids(suborderSternorrhyncha)aresimilartotheHeteropteraexcept
thattheirfrontwingsarenot1/2and1/2butallthesame(membranous).
Neuroptera=Neuro"wing".Youmayrememberthataneurologistisadoctorwhoworkswith
nervediseasesoraneuronisanerve.Therefore,Neuropterameans"nervewing".Lacewings
andantlionsdohavewingswithmanyveinsthatlooklikenerves.
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Coleoptera=Coleo"wing".Thefrontwingsofbeetlesarethickenedorhardenedandserveas
aprotective"sheath"forthehindwings.Coleopterameans"sheathwing".
Lepidoptera=Lepid"wing". Youmayrememberthedisease leprosywassocalledbecauseit
wasa"scaly"disease.Therefore,Lepidopterameans"scalewing".Whentouched,butterflies,
skippers, andmoths usually leave dust on your fingers. If you looked at this dust under the
microscope,youwouldseemanysmallscales.
Diptera=Di"wing".Youuse"di"inmanywordssuchasdivideanddiceanditmeans"two".So
Dipterameans"twowings".Almostallflyinginsectshavefourwingsexceptflies,mosquitoes,
gnats,andothertrueflieswhichbelongtotheorderDiptera.
Hymenoptera = Hymen "wing". Hymenmeans "membrane" and refers to themembranous
wingswithrelativelyfewveins.Therefore,Hymenopterameans"membranewing".
FAMILYNAMES
Eachorderofinsectsisdividedintosmallergroupscalledfamilies.Thespecieswithinafamily
aremoresimilarandmorecloselyrelatedtoeachotherthanspecies inanotherfamily inthe
sameorder.
Allinsectfamilynamesendin"idae".Somefamilynamesareeasytorememberafteryougetto
knowthem.Forexample,ants(familyFormicidae)are"Formic+idae"becausetheants'sting
injectsformicacid.
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HOWTOUSEINSECTKEYS
Keysareusedtoopendoorstofindwhat'sinside.Withinsectkeysyoumayhavetogothrough
severaldoubledoorstofindthenameforanunknowninsect.Here'showthegameisplayed:
takeanunknowninsectandlookforitsnamebyreadingatthetopofthepage.Youwillfind
thatyouhave to read, lookat the insectandmakeadecision.The insect looks like this (one
door)or the insect looks like this (anotherdoor).Occasionally youmayhavemore than two
choicesinakey.Thekeyswillhavepicturestoillustratewhatisaskedsobesuretocompare
your insect with each picture.When you decide which door to take follow a line drawn to
another double doorwhere again youwill have to decide if the insect looks like this or the
insectlookslikethis.Finallyyoucometothenameofaninsect.Ifyouchoseonlycorrectdoors,
thentheinsectnameiscorrect.Manykeysalsohaveshortdescriptionsoftheincludedinsects.
Besuretocheckthesedescriptionsafteryouhavemadeyourfinalchoice(page13).
PRACTICEINUSINGAKEY
Here'saninsectlarva.Whatisit?Usethekeyonthenextfewpagestoseeifyoucanchoose
thecorrectdoors.Thencheckthedescriptiononthefollowingpage.Youshouldfindthatthisis
"WeevilLarvae(FamilyCurculionidae)".
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HOWINSECTSGROWANDCHANGE(METAMORPHOSIS)
Many young or immature insects don't look anything like their parents. The butterfly, for
example,hatchesfromaneggintoacaterpillarwhichbecomesapupabeforeitchangesintoa
butterfly. This is called complete "change" or metamorphosis. Other insects, like the
grasshopper, lookmuchliketheirparentsexceptforbeingsmallerandnothavingwings.This
kind of change is called gradual metamorphosis. The other type of change you need to
rememberisincompletemetamorphosisfortheOdonata.
The illustrations below explain how different insects change as they grow. Notice that all
insectsinthesameorderhavethesamekindofchange(metamorphosis).
Occasionallyyoumay findbookswhichdescribeonly twokindsofmetamorphosis,complete
metamorphosisandsimplemetamorphosis. Inthiscasecompletemetamorphosismeansthe
same thingasdescribedhere.But simplemetamorphosismeansall theother kinds together
(withoutmetamorphosis,gradualmetamorphosis,andincompletemetamorphosis).
You may even find books which describe only two kinds of metamorphosis, complete
metamorphosisandincompletemetamorphosis.Here"incompletemetamorphosis"meansall
theotherkindstogether.
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16
FOODOFINSECTS
Knowingwhataninsecteatsisveryimportant.Mostinsectsareimportanttomanbecauseof
whattheyeat.
Noticethatinmanyordersalltheinsectslistedfeedononekindoffood.Ifyourememberthat
an insect belongs to the orderHemiptera (suborders Auchenorrhyncha and Sternorrhyncha),
thenitmustbeasapfeeder.IfaninsectbelongstoOdonataorNeuroptera,itfeedsoninsects.
Allbutterfliesandmothsfeedonnectarand/orpollen,whilecaterpillars(larvae)feedeitheron
"foliage"or"fruitofplant".ManyoftheColeopteraandOrthopterafeedon"foliage".
There are a few "tricky" things to notice about insect foods. Notice that the bagworm case
"doesnotfeed".Thisisbecauseinthecontestsonlythebagwormcaseisshownandtheremay
notbeaworminside.Thespottedcucumberbeetlefeedsonthe"foliage"ofmanyplantsand
"cucumbers" would be incorrect. Likewise, Colorado potato beetles would not feed on
"potatoes"buton"foliage"andhorsefliesdon'tfeedon"horses"but"animalblood”.
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ENTOMOLOGYCONTESTLIST
An* indicates commonnamesof groupsof similar insects thatmakeuponlypartof a familyorsometimesmorethanonefamily.A—indicatesthatinformationfromthatspecificcolumnisnotrequiredofthecontestant.OrderODONATA:(Dragonflies,damselflies)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)chewingmouthparts;(2)incompletemetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofsimilarwings.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
----- *Dragonfly ----- Insects----- *Damselfly ----- Insects
OrderORTHOPTERA:(Grasshoppers,crickets)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)chewingmouthparts;(2)gradualmetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofwings,thefirstpairthickened,thesecondpairmembranous.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
Differentialgrasshopper Shorthornedgrasshopper Acrididae FoliageTwostripedgrasshopper Shorthornedgrasshopper Acrididae Foliage----- Longhornedgrasshopper ----- Foliage----- *Fieldcricket Gryllidae Foliage,Insects----- *Treecricket Gryllidae Foliage----- Molecricket ----- FoliageOrderBLATTODEA:(Cockroaches)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)chewingmouthparts;(2)gradualmetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofwings,thefirstpairthickened,thesecondpairmembranous.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
Americancockroach Cockroach Blattidae VirtuallyanythingOrientalcockroach Cockroach Blattidae VirtuallyanythingGermancockroach Cockroach Blattellidae VirtuallyanythingBrownbandedcockroach Cockroach Blattellidae Virtuallyanything
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OrderHEMIPTERAInrecentyearstheclassificationofthisorderhaschangedquiteabit.WhatusedtobetheseparateordersHEMIPTERAandHOMOPTERAarenowallgroupedunderOrderHEMIPTERAwiththreesubordersHETEROPTERA(Truebugs),AUCHENORRHYNCHA(Cicadas,leafhoppers,treehoppers),andSTERNORRHYNCHA(Aphids,scales).SuborderHETEROPTERA:(Truebugs)Subordinalcharacteristics:(1)suckingmouthparts;(2)gradualmetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofwings,thefirstpairhalf-thickened,thesecondpairmembranous.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
Greenstinkbug Stinkbug Pentatomidae PlantsapBrownstinkbug Stinkbug Pentatomidae PlantsapHarlequinbug Stinkbug Pentatomidae PlantsapSpinedsoldierbug Stinkbug Pentatomidae InsectsChinchbug ------ Lygaeidae Plantsap----- *Milkweedbug Lygaeidae PlantsapSquashbug ------ Coreidae Plantsap----- *Leaffootedplantbug Coreidae PlantsapTarnishedplantbug Plantbug Miridae PlantsapWheelbug Assassinbug Reduviidae Insects,bloodofvertebrates----- Nabid ----- Insects----- Backswimmer ----- Insects,smallfish----- Giantwaterbug ----- Insects,smallfish----- Waterstrider ----- Live&deadinsects
SuborderAUCHENORRHYNCHA:(Cicadas,leafhoppers,treehoppers)Subordinalcharacteristics:(1)suckingmouthpartsornone;(2)gradualmetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofwings,usuallymembranous,ornone.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
----- Cicada Cicadidae Plantsap----- Leafhopper Cicadellidae Plantsap----- Treehopper Membracidae Plantsap
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SuborderSTERNORRHYNCHA:(Aphids,scales)Subordinalcharacteristics:(1)suckingmouthpartsornone;(2)gradualmetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofwings,usuallymembranous,ornone.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
Greenbug Aphid Aphididae PlantsapSpottedalfalfaaphid Aphid Aphididae PlantsapPeaaphid Aphid Aphididae PlantsapSanJosescale Armoredscale Diaspididae PlantsapEuonymusscale Armoredscale Diaspididae PlantsapBrownelmscale Softscale Coccidae Plantsap
OrderNEUROPTERA:(Nervewingedinsects)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)chewingmouthparts;(2)completemetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofwings,withmanycrossveins.SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
----- *Greenlacewing(adult) ----- Insects----- *Greenlacewing(larva) ----- Insects----- *Antlion(adult) ----- Insects----- *Antlion(larva) ----- Insects
OrderCOLEOPTERA:(Beetles)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)chewingmouthparts;(2)completemetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofwings,thefirstpairhardened,thesecondpairmembranous.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
----- Groundbeetle Carabidae InsectsColoradopotatobeetle Leafbeetle Chrysomelidae FoliageSpottedcucumberbeetle Leafbeetle Chrysomelidae FoliageElmleafbeetle Leafbeetle Chrysomelidae Foliage----- *Fleabeetle Chrysomelidae FoliageGreenJunebeetle Scarabbeetle Scarabaeidae Foliage----- *Maybeetle(adult) Scarabaeidae Foliage----- *Whitegrub(larva) Scarabaeidae Plantroots----- *Dungbeetle Scarabaeidae Dung----- Clickbeetle Elateridae Foliage
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OrderCOLEOPTERA:(cont’d)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)chewingmouthparts;(2)completemetamorphosis;(3)twopairsofwings,thefirstpairhardened,thesecondpairmembranous.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
Stripedblisterbeetle Blisterbeetle Meloidae FoliageBlackblisterbeetle Blisterbeetle Meloidae FoliageGrayblisterbeetle Blisterbeetle Meloidae Foliage----- Metallicwoodborer(adult) Buprestidae Foliage,nectar----- Flatheadedwoodborer(larva) Buprestidae Wood----- Longhornedbeetle(adult) Cerambycidae Foliage,nectar----- Roundheadedwoodborer(larva) Cerambycidae WoodCottonwoodborer Longhornedbeetle Cerambycidae Foliage,nectarAlfalfaweevil Weevil Curculionidae FoliageBollweevil Weevil Curculionidae FruitofplantPecanweevil Weevil Curculionidae FruitofplantPlumcurculio Weevil Curculionidae Fruitofplant----- Tigerbeetle Cicindelidae Insects----- Ladybeetle Coccinellidae Insects----- Rovebeetle Staphylinidae Decomposingorganicmatter
andinsectsSmallerEuropeanelmbarkbeetle Barkbeetle ----- Wood----- Carrionbeetle ----- Carrion----- Whirligigbeetle ----- Insects----- Divingbeetle ----- Insects----- Waterscavengerbeetle ----- Insects----- Firefly ----- Insects
OrderLEPIDOPTERA:(Butterflies,moths,skippers)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)adultshavesucking,larvaehavechewingmouthparts;(2)completemetamorphosis;(3)adultshavetwopairsofwingscoveredwithscales,larvaenone.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
Gardenwebworm(larva) ----- ----- FoliageSouthwesterncornborermoth ----- ----- Nectar/pollenCornearworm(bollworm)(moth) ----- Noctuidae Nectar/pollenCornearworm(bollworm)(larva) ----- Noctuidae FruitofplantWhitelinedsphinxmoth Sphinxmoth Sphingidae Nectar/pollenTomatohornwormmoth Sphinxmoth Sphingidae Nectar/pollenTomatohornworm(larva) Sphinxmoth Sphingidae FoliageTobaccohornworm(larva) Sphinxmoth Sphingidae Foliage
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OrderLEPIDOPTERA:(cont’d)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)adultshavesucking,larvaehavechewingmouthparts;(2)completemetamorphosis;(3)adultshavetwopairsofwingscoveredwithscales,larvaenone.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
Mimosawebworn(larva) ----- ----- FoliageBagwormcase ----- ----- Doesnotfeed----- Skipper Hesperiidae Nectar/pollenMonarchbutterfly ----- ----- Nectar/pollenViceroybutterfly ----- ----- Nectar/pollenRedadmiralbutterfly ----- ----- Nectar/pollen----- Swallowtailbutterfly Papilionidae Nectar/pollen----- Sulphurbutterfly Pieridae Nectar/pollenOrderDIPTERA:(Flies)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)mouthpartsoftenpiercing-sucking,sometimesspongingorlapping,sometimesnotfunctional;(2)completemetamorphosis;(3)adultshaveonepairofmembranouswings.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
----- Mosquito Culicidae Bloodofanimals----- *Horsefly Tabanidae Bloodofanimals----- *Deerfly Tabanidae BloodofanimalsHousefly ----- Muscidae VirtuallyanythingStablefly ----- Muscidae BloodofanimalsHornfly ----- Muscidae Bloodofanimals----- Robberfly Asilidae Insects----- Cranefly ----- Nectar/pollen----- Beefly ----- Nectar/pollen----- Syrphidfly ----- Nectar/pollen----- *Bluebottlefly ----- Waste,plantjuicesHorsebotfly Botfly ----- DoesnotfeedCattlegrub(larva) ----- ----- Internalparasite
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OrderHYMENOPTERA:(Bees,ants,wasps)Ordinalcharacteristics:(1)chewingmouthpartsbutthebeesalsosucknectar;(2)completemetamorphosis;(3)adultshavetwopairsofmembranouswingsornone.
SpeciesCommonName(foronekindofinsect)
FamilyorGroup(CommonName)
ScientificFamilyName
Food
----- Carpenterant Formicidae Insects,sweets,plantsapRedharvesterant ----- Formicidae Seeds----- Velvetant Mutillidae ParasitesofinsectsCicadakiller ----- ----- Insects----- *Paperwasp ----- Insects,nectar----- *Muddauber ----- Spiders,nectar----- *Bluemuddauber ----- Spiders,nectar----- Ichneumonwasp ----- ParasitesofinsectsHoneybee ----- Apidae Nectar/pollen----- *Bumblebee Apidae Nectar/pollenCarpenterbee ----- Apidae Nectar/pollenOtherOrdersOrdinalcharacteristics:Notrequired.
SpeciesOrderNameSuborderName
CommonName Food
THYSANURA Silverfish StarchysubstancesEPHEMEROPTERA Mayfly DoesnotfeedPHASMATODEA Walkingstick FoliageDERMAPTERA Earwig Waste,plantsISOPTERA Termite(worker&reproductive) WoodMANTODEA Prayingmantid InsectsPLECOPTERA Stonefly DoesnotfeedPHTHIRAPTERA Lice Suborder:AMBLYCERA Chickenlouse Feathers&skinSuborder:ANOPLURA Hoglouse BloodofanimalsMEGALOPTERA Dobsonfly(adult) Insects Hellgrammite(Dobsonflylarva) InsectsSIPHONAPTERA Catflea Bloodofanimals
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OtherArthropodsOrdinalcharacteristics:Notrequired.Thefollowingarenotinsectsbutarecommonlystudiedbyentomologistsandshouldberecognizedbystudentsofentomology.
CommonName Food
Blackwidowspider InsectsBrownreclusespider InsectsEartick BloodofanimalsBrowndogtick BloodofanimalsAmericandogtick BloodofanimalsGulfCoasttick BloodofanimalsLonestartick BloodofanimalsScorpion InsectsCentipede InsectsMillipede DecomposingorganicmatterSpidermite PlantsapPillbug DecomposingorganicmatterHarvestman Plantjuices,deadinsects
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ENTOMOLOGYCONTESTOSUEntomologyandPlantPathology
NAME(Print) AGE
ADDRESS
4-HCLUB COUNTY
FFATEACHER SCHOOL
TEAMENTRY(#) INDIVIDUALENTRYI. (SectionI,3ptsperstation)
(asofJan1thisyear)
COMMONNAME(SPECIESORFAMILYGROUP-2ptseach)
FOOD(1pteach)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Questions13-25onreverseside.
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II.(SectionII,5ptsperstation)
SCIENTICFAMILYNAMEORORDERNAMEORSUBORDERNAME(Readquestioncarefullytoseewhichisrequired)
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
III. (SectionIII,5ptsperstation)
IDENTIFICATIONKEYS(Keyoutspecimensusingkeysprovided)
21
22
23
IV. (SectionIV,6pts)
ORDINALCHARACTERISTICS(Providethreeordinalcharacteristicsofthisspecimen-2ptseach)24____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
V.(SectionV,3pts)SCIENTIFICORDERNAME(1pt) COMMONNAME(1pt) FOOD(1pt))
25______________________ _____________________ _________________________
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SUGGESTEDSTUDYMATERIALS
1.InsectsbyH.S.ZimandC.Cottam,GoldenNatureGuide,SimonandSchuster,NY
2.InsectPestsbyG.S.FichterandH.S.Zim,GoldenNatureGuide,GoldenPress,NY
3.ButterfliesandMothsbyR.T.MitchellandH.S.Zim,GoldenNatureGuide,GoldenPress,NY
4. Spiders and their Kin byH.W. Levi, L.R. Levi andH.S. Zim,GoldenNatureGuide,Golden
Press,NY.
These four books contain color photographswhich aid in the identification of insects
andotherarthropods;however, identificationbythismethodoften leadstoerrorand
confusion. The commonnames givenmaydiffer in variousparts of the country; also,
someofthenamesgivenarecommonnamesforagroupofsimilarspeciesorevenfor
anentirefamily.
5.DestructiveandUsefulInsectsbyMetcalf,FlintandMetcalf,McGraw-Hill,NY.
This book is aimedprimarily for those interested in economic entomology. It fills this
functionextremelywellandshouldbeinthelibraryifanyoneis interestedinpractical
insectcontrols.
6.HowtoKnowtheInsectsbyH.E.Jacques,Wm.C.BrownCo.,Dubuque,Iowa.
Thisbook isa simplifiedkey to insect families. It serves thispurposewell, although it
doesnotincludeallthefamiliesofinsectsofNorthAmerica.Italsocontainsworthwhile
informationconcerningthecollectingandpreservationof insects.The illustrationsare
helpful,butattimesmisleading.Onemustrememberthatthekeyistofamilies,notto
species;therefore,thespecimenyouhavewillnotalwaysbelikethespeciesillustrated
anddescribed.
7. A Field Guide to the Insects by D.J. Borrer and R.E.White, Peterson Field Guide Series,
HoughtonMifflinCo.,Boston,MA.
Thisbookisratherbasic,butit isexcellentinthatitcontainsanumberofdrawingsof
insects,theiridentificationcharacters,andsimplekeystothefamilies.
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8. Borror and DeLong’s Introduction to the Study of Insects by C.A. Triplehorn and N.F.
Johnson,Thomson,Brooks/Cole,Belmont,CA.
Thisisaverysatisfactorybookongeneralentomology.Itskeysarefairlycomplete,and
the informationoncollecting,preserving,etc. is satisfactory. It isa littleadvanced for
most beginners, but it should be in the library of anyonewho plans serious study of
insectidentification.
9.InsectsinKansas,KansasStateUniversityExtensionService,Manhattan,Kansas.
Thisbookisratherbasic,butitisexcellentinthatitcontainsanumberofphotographs
ofinsectsthatalsooccurinOklahoma.
10.4-HEntomologyMembersGuides(1-6)andEntomologyLeadersManual
TheseareavailablethroughyourlocalcountyExtensionofficesortheEntomologyand
PlantPathologyDepartment,OklahomaStateUniversity.
11.EntomologyandPlantPathologywebsite:http://entoplp.okstate.edu/4H-FFA/index.htm
12.PictorialFieldKeys.
SomeareOSUExtensionFactSheetsandothersaremimeographedsheets. Mostare
availablethroughyourlocalcountyExtensionofficesortheDepartmentofEntomology
andPlantPathologyatOSU(http://entoplp.okstate.edu/factshts.htm).FactSheetsthat
maybeusefulincludethefollowing:
• EPP-7001...CommonTicksofOklahomaandTick-BorneDiseases
• EPP-7008...HumanLiceandScabies
• EPP-7019...ExternalParasitesofGoats
• EPP-7079...BiologyandControlofthePecanWeevilinOklahoma
• EPP-7150...AlfalfaForageInsectControl
• EPP-7156...FieldKeytoLarvaeinSoybeans
• EPP-7157...FieldKeytoLarvaeinSorghums
• EPP-7158...FieldKeytoLarvaeinPeanuts
• EPP-7159...FieldKeytoLarvaeinAlfalfa
• EPP-7160...FieldKeytoLarvaeinCorn
• EPP-7161...FieldKeytoLarvaeinCotton
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• EPP-7163...FieldKeytoLarvaeinPecans
• EPP-7164...FieldKeytoBeetlesinPines
• EPP-7167...SoybeanInsectSurveyandControl
• EPP-7168...PlantGallsCausedbyInsects
• EPP-7174...PeanutInsectControlinOklahoma
• EPP-7176...InsectsonSmallGrainandTheirControl
• EPP-7184...AlfalfaAphidsinOklahoma
• EPP-7196...GrasshopperManagementinRangeland,Pastures,andCrops
• EPP-7301...Spiders:BrownRecluse,BlackWidow,andOtherCommonSpiders
• EPP-7303...Scorpions
• EPP-7305...PaperWasps,Yellowjackets,andOtherStingingWasps
• EPP-7306...OrnamentalandLawnPestControl
• EPP-7307...BeneficialInsects
• EPP-7312...HouseholdPestControl
• EPP-7313...HomeGardenInsectControl
• EPP-7315...ShadeTreeBorers
• EPP-7316...CentipedesandMillipedes
• EPP-7317...HoneyBees,BumbleBees,CarpenterBees,andSweatBees