ENTRANCE INTO SPACE

Riyad BAKHSHIYEV

• WHY DO WE EXPLORE SPACE?

• HISTORY OF SPACE SHIPS AND SHUTTLES

• TODAY AND FUTURE

Why Do We Explore Space?• Because it’s there• Quest for knowledge• Learn about what is around us – dangers, benefits, natural resources

- Reap benefits of what’s around - Reap benefits of preparing for / undertaking exploration itself – technology and techniques- Survival

• Quest for understanding - learn about ourselves and our place in the universe

HISTORY OF SPACE SHIPS

AND SHUTTLES

JULES VERNE

• He wrote about space, air, and underwater travels before air travel and practical submarines were invented

1828 - 1905

• French author who pioneered the science fiction genre

KONSTANTIN TSIOLKOVSKY

1857 -1935

• Imperial Russian and Soviet rocket scientist and pioneer of the astronautic theory

• Known for his rocket equation

• His works later inspired leading Soviet rocket engineers such as Sergey Korolyov and Valentin Glushko and contributed to the success of the Soviet space program.

WERNER VON BRAUN

1912 - 1977

• German-American rocket scientist, aerospace engineer, space architect

• During World War II, led theV-2 project

• Led the U.S. Army team thatlaunched Explorer-I, first U.S. satellite

• Built the Saturn V booster that carried Apollo to the Moon

SERGEY KOROLEV

1907 – 1966

• Soviet rocket engineer and designer

• Father of the Russian space program

• In the early 1930s he metTsiolkovsky and devoted himself to spaceflight

KERIM KERIMOV

1917 - 2003

• Azerbaijani-Soviet/Russian aerospace engineer, rocket scientist

• One of the founders of the Soviet space industry, and for many years a central figure in the Soviet space program

THE SPACE RACE

The first Soviet program was called Vostok (“East”).

The first American program was called Mercury

SPUTNIK I

The world's first artificial satellite, launched on October 4, 1957

EXPLORER I

The first artificial satellite of USA

February 1, 1958

NASA

On July 29, 1958 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was established in USA

ANIMALS WENT FIRST

The Soviet Union launched a dog named Laika. The dog died in space 10 days later.

Americans used chimpanzees & monkeys: Enos, Ham, & Sam

FIRST MAN IN SPACE

Yuri Gararin was the first human to journey into outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961.

1934-1968

Yuri Gararin

FIRST AMERICAN MAN IN SPACE

1923-1998

Alan Shepard NASA astronaut who in 1961 became the second person, and the first American, to travel into space with spacecraft Freedom 7

Alan Shepard

FIRST WOMAN IN SPACEValentina Tereshkova

1937

Valentina Tereshkova is a retired Soviet cosmonaut and the first woman to have flown in space in spacecraft Vostok 6

GOAL OF USA

On May 25, 1961 John Kennedy announced the goal of landing a man on the Moon in the speech to a Joint Session of Congress

APOLLO MISSIONSThe Apollo missions were a series of space missions flown by NASA between 1961 and 1975. They culminated with a series of manned Moon landings between 1969 and 1972.

Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first humans, Americans Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, on the Moon on July 20, 1969.

Since Apollo missions NASA has launched 135 Space shuttles and space shuttle programs.

HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was carried into orbit by a Space Shuttle in 1990 and remains in operation.

TODAY AND FUTURE

EXPLORATION GOALS FOR TODAY • Study Earth from Space to advance scientific understanding and meet societal needs

• Improve prediction of climate, weather, and natural hazards

• Discover the origin, structure, evolution, and destiny of our universe and search for Earth-like planets

• What happened during the Big Bang? How were stars and galaxies created? What happens at the edge of a black hole?

GOALS FOR FUTURE

Return to the Moon!

GOALS FOR FUTURE• 2018 – Humans for week-long stays• Next: 45-day stays at outposts

GOALS FOR FUTURE

Mars 2030

THANKS FOR PAYING ATTENTION