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Env. Indicators

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    Animals as Environmental Health

    Indicators

    Presented by

    Muhammad Anwar Gul

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    Environmental health

    Environmental health shows the quality of life, that aredetermined by physical, chemical, biological, and social factors inthe environment

    Refers to the theory and practice of assessing, correcting,controlling and preventing those factors in the environment thatcan potentially affect adversely the health of present and futuregenerations..(According to WHO)

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    Environmental Health Indicators

    An environmental health indicator is measure the health ofthe environment it's quality, used to monitor the overallhealth of the population

    Simple measures tells us what is happening in theenvironment.

    Help us to keep track of trends in the state of theenvironment and measure progress towards sustainabledevelopment

    The concentration of ozone in the stratosphere. (Effect ofchlorofluorocarbons and the likelihood of increased levelsof ultraviolet radiation)

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    Why do we need environmental indicators?

    Environmental health indicators are used for three majorpurposes (policy-making) :

    1. To supply information on environmental problems2. To support policy development and priority setting

    3. To monitor the effects of policy responses

    In addition, environmental indicators may be usedas a powerful tool to raise public awareness onenvironmental is

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    Animal as Environmental HealthIndicators

    Animals have quite a long history in theassessment of responses to environmentalPerturbation (Rosenberg & Resh 1993;Williams 1993; Spellerberg 1993;McKenzie et al. 1995)

    More animal shows health environment

    Animals eats the plants and animals areresponsible to regeneration of new plant

    Forests are being cut down, rivers and

    seas polluted, ponds filled ant thedestruction seems endless and resultinganimals become endanger and than finishon earth.

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    Important role of the Animals

    Animals play an important role in our naturalenvironment

    Some animals are responsible for cycle of nutrientsthrough the ecosystem

    Others are important because they increase the rateof decomposition;

    These animals are also important for tourism, andlocal culture.

    Decrease in an animal population may indicatedamage to the ecosystem caused by pollution

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_biology
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    Important role of the Animals

    Indicator species are often ecologically or economically

    http://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdf

    http://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdf
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    FROG

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    1. Beginning in the early 1980s, biologists began to realize that

    amphibians such as frogs are extremely sensitive to pollution and

    other environmental stresses

    2. Populations ofamphibians are declining on a global scale

    3. If you hear many frogs in an area, it means that the local environmentis likely to be unspoiled

    4. In areas where water or air pollution have occurred, the local frog

    community will be affected and there are likely to be very few frogs

    5. On some mining and industrial sites, surveys of frogs in the local area

    have been used to detect accidental pollution of waterways

    http://science.jrank.org/pages/308/Amphibians.htmlhttp://science.jrank.org/pages/308/Amphibians.html
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    Frogs' Sensitivity to Changes inEnvironment

    Tropical frogs are probably one of the mostsensitive animals in the world and react veryrapidly changes in their environments.

    They also form vital parts of the ecosystems they

    belong to.

    Tropical Frogs as Parts of Larger Ecosystems

    1. Consume large quantities of insects and otheranimals which can case endless food webs ofrainforests

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    Tropical frogs are specialized animals and are very sensitive to changesin their environment.

    Leaf litter is also a very good example of tropical frogs' habitats. It is not

    only a fantastic shelter for them but also a source of food (for example,the insects decomposing the litter).

    They can inhale toxins through their skin so if their habitat is polluted,they would start to die.

    That is why they are considered "an indicator species"- the species that"indicate" the state of the health of their ecosystems.

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    Fish as Indicators of Water Quality

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    Fish as Indicator of Water Quality

    Stream fish are excellent indicators because different speciesrespond to pollution in different ways

    Quality of a stream water based on the diversity and abundance of

    fishes we find there,

    Fish responses for pollution "Many stream fish move surprisinglylong distances in streams

    The DO test measures the amount of oxygen dissolved in thewater. Oxygen is essential for both plants and animals, but highlevels in water can be harmful to fish and other aquaticorganisms.

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    Fish Communities as Indicators ofEnvironmental Degradation

    The Ro Lerma basin, one of the most important hydrographic regions of Mexico,has a specific fish fauna. In recent years, the basin has experienced majorincreases in human populations and industrial and agricultural development.

    To assess the health of aquatic ecosystems in the Lerma basin, we analyzed

    the current status and long-term trends in fish species occurrence at 116

    widely distributed sites in relation to water quality and land use information

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    Butterfly

    570 402 - File:Butterfly Google imagehelea (M) KL.jpg

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    Butterflyas Environmental Health Indicators

    Butterflies are the part of our natural environmentand have been studied for over 300 years.

    The state of Assam in northeastern India haveworlds riches biodiversity, it's a home of more

    than 500 species of butterflies

    Decline of several butterfly populations in the state

    due to increase of pollution due to human activities

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    Conclusion.

    Animals are on large-scale forest management

    units Animals shows Particular environmental

    conditions and change in ecologicalparameters

    Change in the ecosystem and ecologicalpattern .

    In short we can say animal as environmental

    indicator which are help to support and monitorpolicy on environment and health at all levels -from the local to the international.

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    Ideas to Help

    Try to reduce your 'carbon footprint'.

    Prohibited destruction of wood land,

    pollution of rivers and ponds, the use ofpesticides and herbicides.

    Save the endangered species like goldeneagles, toads owls red squirrels etc

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    Public Awareness Through Face to Face

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    There are two kinds of people, thosewho do the work, and those who take thecredit. Try to be in the first group; there

    is less competition there.

    Point to Think

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    References

    (Rosenberg & Resh 1993; Williams 1993; Spellerberg 1993; McKenzie etal. 1995)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicator#Animal_indicators.2C_and_toxins

    http://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdf

    http://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.html

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/Tropical-Frogs.htmlhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://www.gulfofmaine.org/council/publications/indicatorssciinsights.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioindicator
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    Thank You


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