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Environment issue on New NPP Program
in Indonesia
Jupiter Sitorus Pane
National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN)
Erik Teguh Primiantoro
Presented during Technical Meeting on
Environmental Issues in NewNuclear
Program 20-23 March 2012, IAEA, Austria
National Energy Policy
20
Natural Gas, 28.57%
Coal, 15.34%
Oil51.66%
Geothermal Power, 1.32%
Hydro Power, 3.11%
ENERGI MIX GOAL 2025ENERGI MIX GOAL 2025
OPTIMIZING
ENERGY
MANAGEMENT
National (Primary) Energy Mix
National (Primary) Energy Mix of 2025
(BaU Scenario)
PRESIDENTIAL REGULATION NO. 5 YEAR 2006PRESIDENTIAL REGULATION NO. 5 YEAR 2006
NATIONAL ENERGY POLICYNATIONAL ENERGY POLICY
Coal, 34.6%
Oil, 41.7%
Geothermal Power, 1.1%
Mini/micro Hydro Power, 0.1%
Power Plant, 1.9%
National Energy Mix 2025
(Presidential Regulation Scenario)
Coal, 33%
Natural Gas, 20.6%
Natural Gas,
30%
Geothermal Power, 5%
Biomass, Nuclear, Hydro
Solar Power, Wind Power,
5%
Oil, 20%
Biofuel, 5%
Coal Liquefaction, 2%
NRE,17%
1972 ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISION FOR PREPARATION OF NPP CONSTR
START FEASIBILITY STUDY BY NIRA-BATAN
1979 OPERATION OF KARTINI RESEARCH REACTOR 100 kW
1987
GOVT DECISION FOR NPP DEV
OPERATION OF RSG RESEARCH REACTOR 30 MW
1991
1998 ESTABLISHMENT OF BATAN AND BAPETEN
OPERATION OF TRIGA MARK II RESEARCH REACTOR 2 MW, Advanced Si Core for RSG RR
1996
STARTING OF NPP FEASIBILITY STUDY (NEWJEC)
1997 Act No 10 Yr 1997 NUCLEAR ENERGY ACT
FINISHING OF NPP FEASIBILITY STUDY
ECONOMIC/POLITICAL CRISIS
1976
NUCLEAR ACCIDENT – CHERNOBYL 1986
2003 SUBMISSION OF ENERGY PLANNING STUDY RESULT “CADES” TO PRESIDEN OF R.I.
1988 OPERATION OF RAD. WASTE MNG. INSTALLATION
1989 OPERATION OF Power Reactor Experimental FE Installation
1990 OPERATIONS OF RMI, ESI, NMEI
1995 WHOLE INDONESIAN CORE FOR 30 MW RESEARCH REACTOR
START OF ENERGY PLANNING STUDY, FINISHED 2002, NPP FEASIBLE (CADES)
STATUS OF NULEAR POWER PROGRAM OF INDONESIA
2006
2000
2005 NATIONAL ELECTRICITY GENERAL PLANNING 2005-2025, NUCLEAR POWER INCLUDED
NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY 2005–2025, PRESIDENTIAL DECREE, JANUARY 2006 – NUCLEAR SHARE 2%
2007 Act No 17 Year 2007 on National Long-Term Development Planning – Introduction of NPP ( 2015-2019 ).
2009 INIR MISSION TO REVIEW INFRASTRUCTURE PHASE 1
2010 PRESIDENTIAL INSTRUCTION NO.1/2010: TO ACCELERATE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INCLUDING NUCLEAR
GOV REG NO. 5/2010 ON NATIONAL MEDIUM TERM DEV.THAT INCLUDE NPP PRE FEASIBILITY STUDY + Action Plan
2011 SIGNING FEASIBILITY STUDY ON SITE AND NON-SITE INTRODUCING BANGKA BELITUNG PROVINCE
1999 ISSUES TECHNICAL GUIDELINE ON EIA
Legal Aspect of Nuclear Program in Indonesia
*. * Presidential rule No. 5, 2006 on National Energy Policy (KEN):
„‟…nuclear will contribute for 2% of primary energy or 4% of electric energy (4000MW).‟‟
Act No. 17, 2007 on National Long Term Development Plan 2005 – 2025, Chapter IV, Medium Term Development Plan -3, 2015-2019:
”…the utilization of nuclear energy electrical generation shall consider safety factor tightly
*. Government regulation No. 43, year of 2006 on Nuclear Reactor licence article 5, paragraph 4
“ The development of commercial nuclear power as mentioned paragraph (3) called Nuclear power Plant would be decided by responsible Ministry on electrical power...”
* Presidential Rule No. 5 year of 2010 on National Midle Term Development Plant 2010-2014, Book II Chapter IV page 29:
The content include assigning BATAN to perform i.e.
“ First NPP Development preparation in Indonesia that cover Site Preparation, Environment and Feasibility Study...”
Indonesia Map
Feasibility Study on Introducing NPP in Bangka
Belitung
PROPOSAL FEASIBILITY STUDY ACTIVITIES
BY BATAN 2012-2014
Law No. 32/2009
Concerning
Environmental Protection
& Management [EPM]
Environmental Impact Assesment
SEA (KLHS)
Spatial Plan
EIA (Amdal)
Environmental
Permit
Env Manag/Moniroting
Environmental
Degradation Criteria
Environmental
Pollution Stanndar
Economic Interument
Envt. Audit
ERA
Green
Budgeting
Green Regulation
Other Instruments in the accordance with the
needs and/or development of
science
Preventing Instrumens of Environmental
Pollution and/or Degradation (Law 32/2009)
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
AMDAL is not a “multifunction tool” that can solve every environmental problem. The
Efficacy of AMDAL totally relies on the development of other environmental
instruments
Environment
GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
NUMBER 43 YEAR 2006 ON THE LICENSING OF NUCLEAR REACTORS
Implementation Frame Work of Environmental Assessment Systems in Nuclear Power
Development, Operation and Decommissioning
Policy, Plan &
Program (3P) The Planning Stage
The Construction,
Commissioning, & Ops. Stage Activities After
Operation
RPPLH
SEA
Spatial
Planning
The
Proposed
Project of
Nuclear
Power
Development
the
Constructiion,
Commissioning,
& Operation of
Nuclear Reactor
EIA
Environmental
Permit
Construction,
Operating,
Decommissio
ning Licenses
or Combined
Operation
License
ERA
Note: The Government has not
developed the regulation of
ERA
Decommissioning
Implementation
of the
Environmental
Permit &
Continuous
Improvement
Env‟t
Audit
ERA
Environmental
Inspection
ERA
Approval from
Bapeten
Spatial planing
after
Decommisioning
Legend:
= Environmental
Instruments
Environmental Law
Enforcment
Compliance to the
Environmental
Standards
Environmental
Carrying Capacity
ERA
3P for Nuclear
Power
Development
EMP Permits
Environmental
Monitoring
Report
Decommissioning
License Site License
Impacts (-)
Spatial Planning
(RTRW/RDTR)
Location
Input EIA
Yes
Can be mitigated
Licenses of Nuclear Reactor
No
rejected
Can’t be
Mitigated
postponed
The Nuclear Power
Development Plan
(The Proposed
Project)
The linkage of Spatial Palnning (RTRW/RDTR) To the
Nuclear Power Development Plan
NSPC & Application of Environmental Instruments
at the Planning Stage
SEA
SPATIAL PLANNING
Plan for
Construction
and Operation
of Nuclear
Reactor
Construction,
Commissioning
& Operation of
Nuclear
Reactor
EIA Environmental
Permit
The Construction,
Commissioning, &
Operation Licences or
the Combined
Opreation License
3P of the Nucler
Power
Development
The MoE
Regulation No.
09/2011:
Guideline for SEA
(KLHS);
• The MoE Regulation No. 11/2006: the types of businesses and/or
activities subject to EIA (Amdal)
• The MoE Regulation No. 8/2006: Guideline for Compiling EIA
(Amdal);
• The MoE Regulation No. 07/2010: Competence Certification for EIA
Compiler and the EIA Compiling Service Proviider (LPJP)
• The MoE Regulation No. 15/2010: the Requirments and Procedures
for the EIA Appraisal Commission license;
• The MOE Regulation No. 5/2008: The EIA Appraisal Commission
• The MoE Regulation No. 24/2009: EIA Review
• The Government Regulation Concerning Environmental Permit
EMP Permit
Based on BAPETEN’s Chairman Decree
No. 3-P/Ka. Bapeten/VI-1999 on
Technical Guidance for Preparing
Environmental Impact Assessment
for a plan to construct and operate
nuclear reactor.
Term of Reference
Environment Impact
Assessment
Environment Management
Programme
Environment Monitoring
Programme
EIA for a Plan to Construct and Operate Nuclear
Reactor
Experience in Preparing EIA (1)
Environment Impact Assessment on
Upgrading Research Reactor TRIGA
MARK II P3TKN from nominal power 1
MW to 2 MW in the year of 2000.
Term of References
Introduction
(back ground,
regulation
framework,
schedule,
purpose and the
use of EIA for each
stakeholder)
Scope of Study
Description of Project and Works,
commissioning (nuclear and non-
nuclear), operation, decommissioning
and accident management,
Environmental Baseline Information
(Physics-Chemical, Biology, Social
economy and culture, public health)
Affected Environment Component
Information by each part of works or
operation or during accident )
Study Area: Upgrading Limit, Ecology
Boundry, Administratif boundary, and
technical boundry.
Term of Reference
Methodology
Collecting and
Analyzing data
Estimating and
significant impact
Impact Evaluation
Study Implemention:
Team Member
Cost
Duration
EIA: Estimating Impact
Bapedal Regulation
No. 56 1994 on
Impact Estimation
Number of people
Area of Impact
Impact Duration
Impact Intensity
Number of environment component impacted
Reversible or irreversible
• Formal Method
• Non-Formal Method:
- Analogy
- Using Environment
Standard
- Expert judgement
EIA: Significant Impact
Significant
Impact
EIA: Impact Evaluation
EQAM (Environment Quality
Assessment and Management)
Investigate priority impact management
based on Environment Quality Scale,
Weight and Impact degree.
Environment Management Plan
Technology Approach
Socio-Economy Approach
Institutional Approach
BCR No. 01/Ka-Bapeten/V/99 on Radiation Work
Safety
BCR No. 02/Ka-Bapeten/V/99 on Environment
Radioactivity Standard
and four othes regulation
Environment Monitoring Plan
Purpose: to collect data and information
as early as possible to prevent and
mitigate impact on environment
components
Experience in Preparing EIA (2)
Environmental Impact Assessment on
Feasibility Study of Introducing NPP in
Bangka Belitung Province
Interest
Area 1
Interest
Area 2
Figure 6.2 Interest Areas in Bangka Island
Roadmap of NPP FS at Bangka Island
Site Monitoring (Continue) Seismicity, GPS Geodetic, meteorology, environment, oceanography, etc
SITE STUDY ASPECT
NPP SITE
ASPECT
SAFETY RELATED ASPECT
NON SAFETY-RELATED
ASPECT
Environment Impact of NPP
External event
1. Topography, Geography 2. Geology, geophysic dan geotechnic 3. seismic 4. Volcanology 5. Oseanography, geophysics offsore and
flooding 6. Hydrogeologiydan hidrology 7. Meteorlogy 8. Human induced event
9. Demography
10. Spatial Planning of land, use, water and
ocean
11. Background radioactivities, Dispersion
dan dose assessment
12. Emergency Preparedness
13. Spatial Planning and Infrastructure
14. Ecology
15. Social economy, historical properties
dan culture
16. Endanger spesces
17. Other consideration
Black Color : 1st and 2nd year
Green color : only first year
Red Color : second year
QUALITY ASSURANCE POGRAM
Environment Protection Process
1. Preliminary Impact assessment (Initial Environment Study) 2. Term of Reference (Scoping) 3. Environmental Impact Assessment 4. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (2)-(4) are based on BAPETEN issued BAPATEN’s Chairman Decree No. 3-P/Ka. Bapeten/VI-
1999 on Technical Guidance for Preparing Environmental Impact Assessment for a plan
to construct and operate nuclear reactor.
QUALITY ASSURANCE POGRAM
Black Color : 1st and 2nd year
Green color : only first year
Red Color : second year
First Year Activities: Seismology
Meteorologi & Dispersi Atmosfer
Survey Plan for background Radioactivity, dispersion, dose
assessment and nuclear emergency preparedness
Okt-Nov ’11
Maret- Juli ‘12
Pengumpulan Data Sekunder, pengambilan sampel: air,
udara, tanah, biota, pengukuran insitu (dose rate).
Lokasi near regional, site vicinity, site area
Analisis dispersi (hidrosfer dan atmosfer), kajian dosis,
Jadwal Rinci
Other First year activities
Spatial Planning of land Use, Water and Ocean
Endanger Species and Historic Properties Survey
Ecology Survey Plan
Regional study Analysis
Site Vicinity Analysis
Closing remark
The Environment Protection Activities is currently in a
stage of Preliminary EIA or Initial Environment Study .
Term of Reference will be finalized in this second year
activities.
The collected data during Site Activities can be used
as a baseline environmental information of EIA as well
as a basis for adverse and benefit impact analysis.
Thank You for your attention