ENVIRONMENTAL CLEAN-UP PROGRAM - HSCA Suite 6010, Lee … · Best demonstrated technology is...

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIADEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCESENVIRONMENTAL CLEAN-UP PROGRAM - HSCA

Suite 6010, Lee Park555 North Lane

Conshohocken, PA 19428

December 9, 1993

Frank Klanchar - RPMUnited States Environmental Protection AgencyRegion III841 Chestnut StreetPhiladelphia, PA 19107

RE: Welsh Road ARAR's

Mr. Klanchar:

As requested, enclosed are the applicable or relevant andappropriate requirements (ARARs) for the Welsh Road/BarkmanLandfill site. Site specific ARARs cannot be given at this timesince treatment technologies have not been chosen.

WASTE MANAGEMENT:

25 PA Code Chapters 260 - 270 regulate the identification theidentification and listing, generation, transportation, storage,treatment, and disposal of hazardous waste. Chapter 264.97 (i,j),regarding groundwater monitoring requirements, state that thebackground concentrations or values specified in subsection (h)shall be set by the owner or operator of the facility. Unlessotherwise specified, these levels shall be based on quarterlysampling of upgradient wells over a period of one (1) year.Background quality may be based on sampling of wells that are notupgradient from the waste management area where on of thefollowing exists: (1) Hydrogeologic conditions do not allow theowner or operator to determine what wells are upgradient.

Act 97, the Solid Waste Management Act, provides for the planningand regulation of solid waste storage, collection, transportation,processing, treatment, and disposal of solid waste. This Actalso includes the regulation and management of municipal,residual and hazardous waste.

An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer A K G U I O ;? «3 Recycled Paper

WATER QUALITY:

Chapter 102 contains the requirements for the control of soilerosion and sedimentation resulting from earthmoving activities.

Chapter 91 sets forth general provisions for administration andenforcement of Pennsylvania's water pollution control program, andestablishes specific application requirements and conditions forthe approval and permitting of the construction and operation ofwaste treatment projects.

Chapter 92 sets forth provisions for the administration of theNational Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Programwithin Pennsylvania, and establishes criteria for the content ofNPDES permit applications, effluent standards, monitoringrequirements, standard permit conditions, public notificationprocedures, and other requirements related to the NPDES Program.

Chapter 93 sets forth general and specific standards for thequality of Pennsylvania's waters and includes specific waterquality criteria and designated water use protection for eachstream in Pennsylvania. It is reviewed and updated, as necessary,at least once every three years. Section 93.8a establishesChapter 16 regarding the toxics management strategy and statementof policy.

Chapter 95 sets forth waste treatment requirements for alldischargers including general requirements for "High QualityWaters" and "Exceptional Value Waters" and procedures for dealingwith special circumstances, such as developing wasteloadallocations, discharges to acid impregnated streams and dischargesto lakes, ponds, and impoundments.

AIR QUALITY:

Chapter 127, regarding "Construction, Modification, Reactivationand Operation of Sources" requires the use of Best AvailableTechnology (BAT) for control of new sources, plan approval andoperating permit requirements, and special requirements forsources in nonattainment areas. Applicants are responsible fordemonstrating that BAT will be utilized on the sources in its planapproval application.

Chapter 129 on "Standards for Sources" governs for open burningand specific industrial sources.

TOPOGRAPHIC AND GEOLOGIC SURVEY:

Chapter 107 sets forth requirements for the licensing of waterwell drillers, prevention of pollution of underground waters,submittal of well construction records and well abandonmentnotification.

AR30I891*

GROUNDWATER PROTECTION STRATEGY:

The Groundwater Protection Strategy sets the goal ofnondegradation of groundwater quality. The highest feasibleprotection will be achieved through the use of best demonstratedtechnology and should achieve protection of human health and theenvironment. In determining what remediation levels must beattained, both baseline water quality and background water qualitymust be determined. Baseline water quality may be defined as theranges and upper limits of concentrations that may be attributedto natural conditions or unrelated sources. Background waterquality is the concentration of a contaminant in the groundwaterprior to any human activity.

This list of ARARs is preliminary. The final Pennsylvania ARARswill be provided to EPA as soon as they become available from theARAR. Committee. If you have any questions or comments, pleasefeel free to contact me at (215) 832-5934.

Very truly yours,

M. Thomas MellottProject Officer - HSCPcc: George Danyliw, HSCP Manager

Tim Sheehan, HSCP Field SupervisorDER Southeast Region HSCP File

AR3Q1895

DERGROUND WATER QUALITYPROTECTION STRATEGY

FEBRUARY, 1992

ARTHUR A. DAVISSECRETARY

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES

AR301896

NOTE TO READER: This document is the Department of Environmental Resources' Ground WaterQuality Protection Strategy. It does not bind the Department or the public. This document does notcreate authority or modify or negate existing authority that the Department has under thePennsylvania Constitution, statutes, regulations, and case law. This strategy also is not intended tocreate entitlement to a permit or to a particular remediation requirement, or to other mattersgoverned by this document. Rather, it describes the principles that the Department intends to followin implementing its ground water quality protection program through regulations, policies, andtechnical guidances.

ftR30l897

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Introduction ....................................'........ 1

II. Protection/Prevention ..................................... 2

III. Areas of Special Ground Water Concern ........................ 5

IV. Monitoring ............................................. 6

V. Assessment and Remediation ................................ 8

AR30I898

GROUND WATER QUALITY PROTECTION STRATEGY

I. Introduction

Background

Pennsylvania's ground waters are a critical resource which provides environmentalbenefits and contributes to the well-being of the citizens and the economic growthpotential of the Commonwealth. Ground water supplies the drinking water needs ofnearly 50 percent of our population, and in rural areas it represents the only practicalsource of water for domestic uses. High quality ground water is important to industryand agriculture. Ground water is also important to the protection of Pennsylvania'ssurface streams since it provides the sustaining bassflow to the Commonwealth's 50,000miles of surface waters. As a trustee of Pennsylvania's natural resources underArticle 1, Section 27 of the Pennsylvania Constitution, the Clean Streams Law, the SolidWaste Management Act and other statutes, the Department of Environmental Resourcesis obligated to conserve and maintain our ground waters for the benefit of allPennsylvanians, including future generations. This strategy was developed to set forth aconsistent approach for protection of ground water quality from the many diverse.activities which may adversely affect it.

Pennsylvania's ground waters have traditionally been available in adequate volume andquality to satisfy the state's needs. In some areas of the state, however, rapid populationgrowth and commercial development have" begun to tax the quantity and quality of thisresource. Ground water is particularly vulnerable to the impact of human activities,especially in areas underlain by carbonate rock or natural sands and gravels. The effectsof on-lot sewage disposal systems in densely populated areas, overuse of fertilizers andpesticides, and surface runoff from developed areas' and from oil, gas and mineralextraction are some of the concerns facing the Commonwealth.

Ground water pollution is not inevitable; careful management, strong protectivemeasures, and restoration of polluted waters is possible through the coordinated effortsof state and local government, industrial, commercial, and agricultural interests, and thepublic. This document describes the strategy and principles established by theDepartment to address the protection of ground water through permitting and otherprevention activities, requirements for ground water monitoring and for ground waterquality restoration, and additional protection for ground water sources of particularsignificance. Where possible, the Department will also further public and localgovernment awareness of ground water quality protection issues.

Definition

For the purposes of this document, ground water is defined as water beneath the surfaceof the ground that exists in a zone of saturation. This strategy does not address watertrapped within an oil or gas pool which has no potential drinking water value or waterwhich has a natural concentration of total dissolved solids greater than 10,000 milligramsper liter, consistent with the federal underground injection control program.

The ultimate goal of DER's ground water quality protection program is nondegradation ofground water quality. The Department intends to strive toward this goal because itprovides the best protection of this valuable and vulnerable resource for futuregenerations. The Department recognizes, however, that there are technical and

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economic limitations to immediately achieving the goal of nondegradation for all groundwaters. This strategy recognizes those limitations. Where feasible, requirements will beestablished to immediately achieve the nondegradation goal; where nondegradation isnot practically achievable at this time, the strategy defines a framework for establishingprogram requirements which will provide for careful stewardship of the resource andadvance future achievement of the nondegradation goal. These requirements will seekthe highest feasible level of ground water protection through the use of controltechnologies, management practices, and pollution prevention measures at activitieswhich may impact ground water quality, and the establishment of the highest standardsfor ground water cleanup achievable with current resources and technology. CurrentCommonwealth programs will be expanded to identify ground waters which deserveadditional protection as Areas of Special Ground Water Concern.

H. Protection/Prevention

The ultimate goal of nondegradation of ground water quality may be more immediatelyattained in those areas which have been identified as Areas of Special Ground WaterConcern (Section III). For those ground waters which are not classified as Areas ofSpecial Ground Water Concern, the highest feasible protection will be achieved throughimplementation of best demonstrated technology (BDT). Use of BDT should achieveprotection of human health and the environment without entirely precluding existing andessential activities for which nondegradation technologies are currently unavailable oreconomically prohibitive (e.g~. some on-lot septic systems, agriculture, mining, oil andgas production activities).

Best demonstrated technology is defined for this strategy as the combination oftechnology, management practices, and preventive measures which has beendemonstrated to the satisfaction of the Department to achieve the most effectivedegree of isolation, treatment, or control of a pollutant and which, at a minimum.achieves acceptable risk. Acceptable risk is the level of risk which is achieved throughattainment of human health and environmental protection standards. BDT takes intoconsideration the activity, the available control technologies, and the associatedenvironmental risks and costs.

In determining BDT for a given activity, the Department will use the decision-makingprocedure described below and in Figure 1 for development of regulations and policies.This procedure is designed to further the ultimate goal of nondegradation by focusing onthe most protective technologies and practices available. The Department will considerless protective technologies only if the most protective technologies cannot practicablybe required state-wide, as determined by the procedure described below.

• Define Activity and Identify Associated Risks - Diverse types of activities generate,use, handle, or store pollutants which have the potential to contaminate groundwater. Activities may be defined generically, across industry lines, or they may bedefined in the context of a particular industry. If defined as part of a particularindustry, the Department will compare similar activities in other industries inperforming the BDT analysis. For each activity it is necessary to evaluate pollutantsor potential pollutants relative to their human health and environmental risk. Forexample, some activities involve potential ground water pollutants that are relativelynon-toxic, non-persistent, and non-bioaccumulative and that generally pose nosignificant risk to the environment or to human health (e.g. some sand and rock piles,sand and gravel pit mining, limestone quarry operations). Some activities mayinvolve materials that are highly toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative or pathogenic and

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Define Activity

Identify/SelectBest TechnologyAvailable (BTA)

DoesBTA Result in

Acceptable Risk?*

YesIs BTA Commonlybeing Used or

Required to be Usedin this Activity?

,, NoIs it Affordable to

Apply BTAto this Activity?

NoDoes AlternativeTechnology Resultin Acceptable Risk?

YesIs it Affordable toApply AlternativeTechnology to thir

Activity?No

Does CurrentTechnology Resultin Acceptable Risk?

YesCurrent

TechnologyBecomes BDT

Figure 1Defining Acceptable Control Technology

No Prohibit orLimit Activity

YesBTA Becomes BestDemonstrated

Technology (BDT)

No

YesAlternativeTechnologyBecomes BDT

No

'Acceptable risk u defined as the level of risk which is achieved throughattainment of human health and environmental protection standards.

AR30I90I

could present a significant health or environmental risk (e.g. some hazardous wastedisposal sites, underground storage tanks). Other activities involve materials thatmay pose some intermediate degree of risk. The Department's selection of BDT foran activity will be closely related to how that activity's risk has been defined.

Identify and Select Best Technology Available (BTA) - Once the activity has beendefined and its associated pollutants characterized, the Department must identify theappropriate best technology available. BTA is the best technology that exists amongall technologies being used in the activity and similar activities that can preventground water degradation to the maximum extent possible.

Determine Whether BTA Will Achieve Acceptable Risk - Once the BTA has beenselected, the Department must then determine if the associated risk is acceptable.If BTA does not result in an acceptable risk, then the activity will be either limitedsuch that acceptable risk is achieved or prohibited. In these cases, prohibition or thelevel of limitation becomes BDT. If BTA will result in an acceptable risk, theDepartment will continue its analysis.

Determine if BTA is Commonly Being Used or is Required to be Used in theActivity - If the Department determines that the selected BTA will result in anacceptable risk, it must then determine if BTA should be generally required for thatactivity. If BTA is required by statute or regulation, BTA becomes BDT.. Otherwise,the Department may determine that BTA will become BDT based on the extent ofcurrent use of BTA within the activity. The more facilities that use BTA, the morelikely it is that the Department will determine that it is of common use and suitableto be established as BDT. For example, if BTA is used at one facility, it does notnecessarily become BDT for that activity. If several facilities are using BTA, theDepartment is more likely to determine that it is practicable to be used and establishit as BDT. If the extent of current use alone is not sufficient to require thetechnology as BDT, the Department will determine whether its required use wouldnonetheless be affordable.

Determine if it is Affordable to Implement BTA - BTA may not be routinely used inan activity for various reasons other than cost. For instance, the activity may nothave been previously regarded as a significant threat to ground water or theparticular activity may not be as amenable to BTA as are similar activities. Use ofBTA may be affordable, however, even where it is not commonly used. Affordabilityis judged on the abilities of a substantial portion of the industry members. It is notdetermined by an individual member's economic circumstances, since BDT isestablished to allow participation in the activity using a minimum acceptabletechnology. Inability to afford the technology should not be a basis to waive theobligation to protect human, health and the environment. The incidence of use may bea relevant factor in determining that the technology is affordable for a substantialportion of the participants in the activity. Where there is more common use,assertions that BTA is not affordable for the group become less persuasive.

If the Department determines that use of BTA is affordable for a substantial portionof participants in the activity, then BTA becomes BDT for that activity. Where thedepartment cannot make such a determination, the Department will evaluatealternative technologies.

Determine if Alternative Technology Achieves Acceptable Risk and is Affordable -Alternative technology is the technology and/or management practices, other thanBTA, that could be employed in an activity to prevent or minimize ground water

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degradation. Alternative technology is less protective than BTA, but more protectivethan the technology currently employed in the activity. If the Departmentdetermines that an alternative technology would result in a higher level of protectionthan currently employed technology, is affordable, and achieves acceptable risk, it

• becomes BDT. If the Department determines that alternative technology is notaffordable, then currently employed technology becomes BDT only if currenttechnology achieves acceptable risk.. If the Department determines that neithercurrent technology nor alternative technology achieves acceptable risk, then BDT forthat activity is either BTA, or prohibition or limitation of the activity.

Determination of BDT, BTA, and alternative technologies for each kind of facility andactivity will be the continuing responsibility of a Department inter-Bureau workgroup.

In addition, for those activities regulated by the Department, ground water protectionplans should be established for sources which have the potential to adversely affectground water. These plans, already a requirement in some DER-regulated programs,should comprehensively describe specific performance requirements that, whenimplemented, will ensure that the source does not adversely affect ground water quality.These plans should consider:

• Description of hydrogeology and ground water quality at the site;• Performance-based practices directed toward preventing releases, spills,, or leaks to

ground water;• Surveillance programs to demonstrate the effectiveness of specific protection

practices and provisions for regular inspection;• Reasonable recordkeeping requirements;• Education and training.

m. Areas of Special Ground Water Concern

Progress toward the ultimate goal of nondegradation should occur more rapidly in certainareas which have a critical need for protection. These would include areas of publichealth or environmental significance. After developing criteria for designation, theDepartment may identify such areas as Areas of Special Ground Water Concern, alongwith the geographic area and the goals of the designation. Designation goals may rangefrom additional protection from certain contaminants or types of activities to totalnondegradation, depending on the nature of the concern. All such designations will beestablished by a process which allows the opportunity for public comment.

In these Areas of Special Ground Water Concern, activities which are subject topermitting or other approval by the Department will be regulated at a level consistentwith the goals of the designation. Best technology available (BTA) will be the minimumacceptable control technology for activities which would otherwise be incompatible withthe designation. For these activities, the Department will not accept less protectivetechnologies, regardless of affordability considerations. Where the Departmentdetermines that an activity is incompatible with the designation even using BTA, theDepartment will prohibit or limit the activity to protect the Area, consistent with thedesignation. In areas where the Department recognizes a need to immediately achievethe goal of nondegradation, the Department will consider whether BTA results not onlyin acceptable risk but also in nondegradation of the ground water resource.

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The Department will provide interim protection for areas recommended as Areas ofSpecial Ground Water Concern. Interim protection will be no less than that afforded toan area that has been finally designated.

IV. Monitoring

In any ground water protection program, monitoring is essential to determine backgroundand baseline conditions, detect, measure, and locate contamination should it occur, anddetermine when contamination has been successfully remediated. The Department willuse monitoring results to assess background quality, evaluate cumulative and site-specific effects of activities, assess the effectiveness of source control technologies,determine permit compliance, assure that compliance actions are appropriatelytriggered, and assure that remediation is carried out in accordance with applicablestatutory and regulatory requirements.

Unless otherwise established by the Department, the owner/operator of a regulatedfacility or activity will be responsible for conducting and reporting all ground watermonitoring. To assure the quality of operator-generated monitoring data, detailedquality assurance/quality control provisions will be required in all appropriate permitapplications and in documents pertaining to ground water assessment and remediationactivities. The Department will increase its verification sampling as resources allow,particularly in Areas of Special Ground Water Concern and at sites posing high risk forground water contamination. In addition, the Department will use its existing groundwater monitoring network to evaluate unregulated activities.

Monitoring Procedures

The need for monitoring, as well as the level of monitoring, depends on:

• the type of activity, including the risk it poses to ground water and thepracticality of monitoring its effects by conventional means;

• the type and volume of potential pollutants involved;• uncertainties inherent in the source control technology and practices being used;• local hydrogeologic conditions which affect the vulnerability of the ground water

resource; and• whether or not the activity is in an Area of Special Ground Water Concern.

Types of Monitoring

Monitoring for ground water quality protection may take several forms, the .mostcommon being collection of water samples from wells and springs. Other means must beconsidered in situations where direct ground water sampling is not practical or wherehigh hazard materials necessitate early detection. Examples of such other means includeconstructed leachate detection zones, soil moisture samplers, injection pressure sensors,and gas vapor detectors.

Wells that are newly constructed for site compliance and assessment monitoring must becertified after construction to assure that they meet design objectives. At a minimum,the owner/operator should provide the Department with as-built drawings showingcompleted construction, along with a geologic log of formations penetrated, record ofwater bearing zones, static water level, and a copy of the well driller's report. TheDepartment may also require geophysical logs and other test results where deemednecessary to verify proper construction.

AR30I90**

Placement of Ground Water Monitoring Points

Ground water monitoring points must be based on the objectives of the monitoring.Activities requiring environmental isolation should be monitored as close to the source aspossible. Activities dependent on natural renovation or soil attenuation should bemonitored at established points of compliance which are consistent with the design ofthe BDT.

For regulated activities, ground water monitoring points must be placed to determine theeffectiveness of the BDT or remediation measures used at the site and to detect andmonitor changes in quality which are not the result of the activity being monitored.Monitoring programs should.include detection and tracking of contaminants releasedfrom a regulated activity and should be modified and expanded as necessary tocharacterize any identifiable pollution plume of contaminants.

Because of the potential for human and environmental exposure, ground watermonitoring must also include water supplies, springs, and seeps where these sources maybecome contaminated by the activity.

Monitored Parameters

Parameters at each monitored site should include physical or chemical constituentswhich are exacted as a result of the activity and which may pose adverse effects onhuman health or the environment. For many programs, these parameters have been orwill be identified in regulations. Where there is a potential for variability in the type ofpotential pollutants, monitoring should also include other parameters which could be usedas indicators of contaminant migration or ground water degradation, even though theindicator parameters themselves may pose little, if any, threat to human health or theenvironment.

Length of Monitoring Period

Ground water monitoring of the activity or source of potential contamination will beconducted throughout the period during which the potential impacts would reasonably beexpected to occur. The monitoring period must include ample time for establishingbaseline conditions prior to initiating new activities or expanding existing activities intonew areas.

In cases where ground water remediation is undertaken, the monitoring period shouldcontinue for a sufficient time to demonstrate that the ground water has been remediatedto the established acceptable level pursuant to the remediation section of this strategy.

Use of Monitoring Results

Baseline Water Quality

Baseline is an expression of the ranges and upper limits of concentrations that may beattributed to natural conditions or unrelated sources. Unrelated sources ofcontamination are those not on the property of or resulting from the activity of theowner/operator of the site. Baseline ground water quality must be established for allregulated activities to serve as the basis for compliance monitoring. The Departmentwill use the baseline water quality to evaluate whether an activity is contributing

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contaminating substances to the ground water system and to determine whether furtherassessment is required.

Background Water Quality

Background water quality is the concentration of a contaminant in the ground water atthe site prior to any human activity. This level is important for sites where remediationis required. Where possible, background quality should be identified in permitapplications in case remediation should later be necessary. When remediation isrequired, the Department may, at its discretion, assign levels for background.using theinformation from its own water quality database or USGS database, or require theoperator to collect the necessary information. Information which documents theexistence of previous water quality problems or unrelated sources of contamination maybe considered, but as a general rule will not be used to define background.

V. Assessment and Remediation

Monitoring and assessment identify the need to initiate an investigation into problemsand corrective measures where necessary, as well as providing an early warning oftechnological failures. This section addresses the criteria which will be used to triggerenhanced assessment and ground water remediation.

Assessment

The owner/operator is responsible for detecting and reporting contamination in theground water. Assessment must be initiated by the Department or the owner/operatorwhen any of the following occurs: (1) a given contaminant is detected at the minimumlevel of detection within a monitoring zone or device; (2) through statistical analysis, asignificant difference in concentration of a given contaminant exists between anupgradient and downgradient monitoring point; (3) ground water monitoring measure-ments for a given contaminant indicate a statistically significant change from baselineconditions or, where no baseline has been established, from background; or (4) acontaminant is detected in excess of a performance level established for that location ina permit. When such conditions are found to exist, steps may be necessary to confirmthe finding, determine if and what kind of a problem exists, and proceed to define andaddress the problem.

Remediation Requirements

Once ground water monitoring and assessment have documented the existence of aproblem, ground water remediation and other applicable measures are required.

Applicable measures will include, but may not be limited to, the following:

• Repair of the permitted control technology, when possible, so that furtherdischarge of contamination from the source or activity to the ground water isprevented.

• Closure of the source or activity if repair cannot be achieved, if closure would beeffective in preventing further discharge of contamination to the ground water,and if the Department determines that closure is necessary to protect humanhealth and the environment.

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• Treatment/containment of contaminated 'ground water as necessary to restore theground water or to protect human health and the environment.

Extent of Remediation and Liability

The ultimate goal of ground water remediation is to reduce contamination levels tobackground quality. An owner/operator who restores contaminated ground water to itsbackground quality will be released from further liability for remediation of thosecontaminants.

Where the owner/operator can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Department thatachieving background levels is (a) technologically impossible; (b) technologicallyinfeasible; or (c) that employing available technology would cause more environmentalharm than the contaminants, the Department will require the use of that level offeasible technology which will achieve remediation levels as close to background aspossible. When the application of this technology fails to reduce contamination tobackground levels, the owner/operator will not be released from liability. The extent towhich the Department will seek additional measures from the owner/operator in thefuture to address the contamination remaining in the ground water will be determined bythe effectiveness of the technology used. (See Figure 2.)-

Where the owner/operator demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Department thatbackground levels cannot be achieved because of one or more of the above factors butthat health-and environmental protection levels or more protective levels have beenachieved, the Department may accept remediation to levels less restrictive thanbackground. The Department's acceptance of such levels in an enforcement documentdoes not constitute a release of the owner/operator's liability to reduce contaminationlevels to background quality, but it is assumed that additional remediation to approachbackground levels will not be required unless the Department finds additionalinformation or unforeseen or changed circumstances, such as:

1) newly identified contaminants on the site;

2) new toxicological information on the contaminants that shows that a risk to publichealth or the environment still exists;

3) a determination that information about the site has been falsified; or

4) a determination that additional remediation has become technologically feasible.In such cases, the Department may require the application of any newly developedtechnology at the site as it becomes available and technologically, feasible for theowner/operator to do so, provided that application of the new technology will notcause more environmental harm than the contaminants. In requiring theapplication of new technology, the Department will consider whether the financialburden of additional remediation so outweighs the environmental benefit that itwould be unreasonable to require it at the time of evaluation.

Where the owner/operator demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Department thatcontaminant levels cannot be reduced with feasible technology to the more protective ofhuman health or environmental protection levels, the Department will require theowner/operator to achieve levels through remediation technology as close to humanhealth or environmental protection levels as possible without causing greaterenvironmental harm. In addition, the Department will require the owner/operator to

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Figure 2

Extent of Remediation and Liability

Can the owner/operatorremediate tobackground?*

————— Yes ———— Liability is released whenbackground is achieved.

No

The owner/operator mustremediate as close tobackground as feasiblewithout causing greaterenvironmental harm.

Has the remediationachieved human healthand environmentalprotection levels?

Yes—————— ies ———— Additional remediation maynot be required, except inspecific circumstances.(Liability continues.

See text.)

No

The owner/operator must takeadditional actions for protection

of human health and theenvironment.

(Liability continues. See text.)

* Is it technologically possible and feasible without causing greaterenvironmental harm?

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supplement remediation technology with other site-specific measures to assure thathuman health and the environment are protected from exposure.

In these cases where the owner/operator cannot remediate the site to levels to meethuman health or environmental protection standards, the Department will require theowner/operator to continue to search for technologies and site-specific methods whichwould achieve attainment of these protection levels. As a minimum, technology must beevaluated every five years and progress reported to the Department as requested. If, ata time during the review period, the owner/operator or the Department determines thattechnologies or methods exist to achieve the human health and environmental protectionlevels, the owner/operator will be required to develop and submit for Departmentapproval a plan for implementing such technologies or methods.

Human Health and Environmental Protection Levels

For remediation activities, protection levels will be based on the most stringent ofpromulgated Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), Secondary Maximum ContaminantLevels (SMCLs), or other environmentally-based protection levels. If a promulgatedMCL or SMCL for a parameter does not exist or does not meet the cancer risk level setby the Department, the Department will develop protection levels for non-threshold(carcinogenic) and threshold parameters as follows:

1. Threshold - application of margins of safety to the results of toxicity testing toprevent* the occurrence of a threshold effect.

2. Non-threshold - use of a risk management level of one excess case of cancer in apopulation of one million (1x10*6) over a 70-year lifetime. Where the Departmentdetermines that, there is insufficient information to develop cancer potency (slopefactor) values, the Department will set protection levels at not detectable by themost sensitive analytical procedure or at background, whichever is greater.

For parameters with insufficient toxicity data, the Department may use data on relatedchemicals in developing protection levels.

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APPLICABLE OR RELEVANT AND APPROPRIATEREQUIREMENTS (ARARs)

FORCLEANUP RESPONSE AND REMEDIAL ACTIONS

IN PENNSYLVANIA

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCESBUREAU OF WASTE MANAGEMENT

DIVISION OF REMEDIATION

Final

June 1993

AR30I910Recycled Paper v*

INDEX

Page

Introduction .................................................. 1

Definition of ARARs ........................................... 2

Bureau of Waste Management, Department of Environmental Resources ...... 5

A. Statutory Authority .................................... 5B. Regulations .......................................... 5C. Guidance ........................................... 8

Bureau of Water Quality Management, DER ........................... 9


Bureau of Water Supply and Community Health, DER .................... 12

A. Statutory Authority .................................... 123. Regulations .......................................... 12C. Guidance ........................................... 12

Bureau of Air Quality Control, DER ................................ 13


Bureau of Land and Water Conservation, DER ......................... 15

A. Statutory Authority ..................................... 15B. Regulations .......................................... 15C. Guidance ........................................... 15

Bureau of Dams, Waterways and Wetlands, DER ........................ 16


Bureau of Radiation Protection, DER ............................... 17

A. Statutory Authority .................................... 17B. Regulations .......................................... 17C. Additional Requirements ................................ 17

&R30I9II

Page

Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey, DER ....................... 18

A. Statutory Authority ..................................... 18B. Regulations .......................................... 18

Bureau of Oil and Gas Management, DER ............................. 19

A. Statutory Authority .................................... 19B. Regulation* .......................................... 19C. Guidance ........................................... 19

Bureau of Mining and Reclamation, DER ............................. 20


Bureau of Abandoned Mine Reclamation ............................. 22

Other Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements .............. 23

APPENDICES:

Federal and State Statute/Regulation Guide

ARAR Matrices

A. Chemical Specific MatrixTable 1, Water Quality Criteria for Toxic SubstancesTable 2, Pennsylvania Maximum Contaminant Levels - January 1993

B. Location Specific Matrix

C. Action Specific Matrix

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INTRODUCTION

This document contains a list of state standards and requirements for cleanup relatedactivities at waste sites in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The purpose of thisdocument is to identify, in a general fashion, state standards and requirements that willserve as a starting point for the determination of site specific cleanup related criteria.

The development and specific identification of cleanup criteria is a dynamic process.Some standards and requirements can be readily identified (i.e., ambient water qualitycriteria and promulgated drinking water standards.) Most, however, can only be derivedafter submittal and review of detailed information regarding site location, systemdesign, and development of contaminant-specific discharge limits.

It should be noted that this document is a comprehensive list of environmental cleanupstandards and requirements, however, the document is not inclusive. Additionally,regulatory standards and requirements are subject to change. Therefore, furtherconsultation with and analysis by the appropriate Department and other Commonwealthpersonnel will be required.

Finally, this document is advisory and does not represent any determination made by theDepartment of Environmental Resources. This document shall in no way be construed orunderstood to create any duty or obligation upon the Department of EnvironmentalResources or the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

&R30I9I3

DEFINITION OF ARARs

Background

Section 121(d) the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and LiabilityAct (CERCLA), (as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of1986 (SARA)) and the Hazardous Sites Cleanup Act (HSCA or Act 108) Section 504,requires that Fund-financed, enforcement, and Federal facility remedial cleanup actionscomply with requirements or standards under Federal and State environmental laws. Therequirements that must be complied with are those that are applicable, or relevant andappropriate, to the hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants at a site or to thecircumstances of the release. Compliance is required at the completion of the remedialaction for hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants that remain on-site.

Section 504 of the Pennsylvania Hazardous Sites Cleanup Act (HSCA) provides that finalremedial action under HSCA shall meet applicable and relevant and appropriate cleanupstandards. Furthermore, cleanup standards promulgated under HSCA shall be consistentwith State standards permitted under 121 (d) of the federal Superfund Act. HSCAfurther provides that DER may promulgate, by rulemaking, cleanup standards that aregenerally applicable to remedial responses to the releases of hazardous substances orcontaminants.

Applicable requirements means that those cleanup standards, standards of control, andother substantive environmental protection requirements, criteria, or limitationsprotnulgatecfunder Federal or State law that specifically address a hazardous substance,pollutant, contaminant, remedial action, location, or other circumstance at a CERCLAor HSCA site. "Applicability" implies that the remedial action or the circumstances atthe site satisfy all of the jurisdictional prerequisites of a requirement.

Relevant and appropriate requirements means those cleanup standards, standards ofcontrol, and other substantive environmental protection requirements, criteria, orlimitations promulgated under Federal or State law that, while not 'applicable' to ahazardous substance, pollutant, contaminant, remedial action, location, or othercircumstance at a CERCLA or HSCA site, address problems or situations sufficientlysimilar to those encountered, and that their use is well suited to the particular site.

The relevance and appropriateness of a requirement can be judged by comparing anumber of factors, including the characteristics of the remedial action, the hazardoussubstances in question, or the physical circumstances of the site, with those addressed inthe requirement. It is also helpful to look at the objective and origin of therequirement. For example, while RCRA regulations may not be applicable to closingundisturbed hazardous waste in place, the RCRA regulation for closure by capping maybe deemed relevant and appropriate.

A requirement that is judged to be relevant and appropriate must be complied with tothe same degree as if it were applicable. However, there is more discretion in thisdetermination: it is possible for only part of a requirement to be considered relevant andappropriate, the rest being dismissed if judged not to be relevant and appropriate in agiven case.

Non-promulgated or non-regulatory documents (health advisories, guidances, proposedregulations) issued by the State or Federal government are not considered potentialARARs and are referred to as "to be considered" requirements or TBCs. TBCs are

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evaluated along with ARARs and are considered appropriate in the absence of a specificARAR or where ARARs are not sufficiently protective in developing cleanup goals.

Types of ARARs

There are several different types of requirements that Cleanup actions may have tocomply with. The classification of ARARs are listed below with specific matricesattached as appendices to this document:

Chemical-specific requirements set legal (background), health or risk-basedconcentration limits, or ranges in various environmental media for specific hazardoussubstances, pollutants, or contaminants. Examples: Maximum Contaminant Levels,national Ambient Air Quality Standards.

These requirements may set protective cleanup levels for the chemical of concern in thedesignated media, or else indicate an acceptable level of discharge (e.g., air emission orwastewater discharge taking into account water quality standards) where one .occurs in aremedial activity. If a chemical has more than one such requirement, the more stringentARAR should be complied with.

In accordance with, among others, Article 1, Section 27 of the Pennsylvania Consti-tution, Sections 301, 307, 401 and 402 of the Pennsylvania Clean Streams Law, and theSolid Waste Management Act, the legal liability of any responsible party for groundwatercontamination is to remediate any contamination to background water quality. Nothingin this document or the accompanying materials should be deemed to constitute anymodification to a responsible party's legal liability to restore contaminated waters tobackground.

Action-specific requirements or design specifications set controls or restrictions onparticular kinds of activities related to management of hazardous substances, pollutants,or contaminants. Examples: RCRA regulations for closure of hazardous waste storageor disposal units; RCRA incineration standards; Clean Water Act pretreatment standardsfor discharges to POTWs.

These requirements are triggered not by the specific chemicals present at a site butrather by the particular remedial activities that are selected to accomplish a remedy.Since there are usually several alternative aetions for any remedial site, very differentrequirements can come into play. These action-specific requirements may specifyparticular performance levels, actions, or technologies, as well as specific levels (or amethodology for setting specific levels) for discharged or residual chemicals.

Location specific requirements set restrictions on activities depending on thecharacteristics of a site. Examples: Federal and State siting laws for hazardous wastefacilities; sites on National Register of Historic Places.

These requirements function like action-specific requirements. Alternative remedialactions may be restricted or precluded depending on the location or characteristics ofthe site and the requirements that apply to it.

Specific Standards, Special Standard, and Modifications

A. Chemical, Location and Action Specific Matrices - The Specific Matrices attachedto this document and referenced above represent identifications of ARARs at thetime this document was prepared. This information shall not be construed as

flR30i9l5

establishing a complete or final list of Pennsylvania ARARs. In addition to thenumbers or description of ARARs contained in the Matrices, other ARARs mayexist which are derived from Pennsylvania statutes and regulations which may notbe identifiable except in the context of a specific case. The Department reservesthe right to identify additional ARARs at any time.

B. Special Standards - Section 504 of HSCA allows the Department to establishadditional standards, without rulemaking, on a case-by-case basis where any of thefollowing apply:

1. The circumstances at the site are such that the applicable general standards,as applied, would not provide the degree of protection to public health or theenvironment intended by the general standards.

2. The degree of additional environmental protection provided by the specialstandard is significant in relation to the cost of implementing it.

C. Modification of ARARs - The Department may modify an ARAR if any of thefollowing apply:

1. Compliance with a requirement at a site will result in greater risk to thepublic health and safety of the environment than alternative options. •

2. Compliance with a requirement at a site is technically infeasible from anengineering perspective.

3. The remedial actions selected will attain a standard of performance that isequivalent to that required under the otherwise applicable requirementthrough use of another method or approach.

4. The remedial action selected will not provide for cost-effective response.

D. Fund Money Modification - The Department may modify an ARAR where the site isbeing remediated through the use of fund money where the Department determinesthat such a modification is in the public interest.

E. Effect of modification under C and D - Where the Department allows amodification to any ARAR, such modification shall not be construed to constitute amodification of any responsible person's legal liability unless a waiver of liability isexpressly stated in writing by the Department. Such a modification shall thereforeonly constitute an authorization by the Department to proceed with a cleanup planin accordance with the modification and such conditions as the Department mayproscribe.

DER's Bureau of Waste Management

A. Statutory Authority:

The Department's major source of standards and requirements governing wastesites are found under the Solid Waste Management Act 97 (35 P.S. §§6018.101 -6018.1003).

The Hazardous Sites Cleanup Act 108 (35 P.S. §6020.101). Removal andremediation program independent from the Federal Superfund program. Providesmeans for funding, enforcement, cleanup standards and hazardous waste facilitiessiting.

B. Regulations:

Numerous requirements are promulgated under the Solid Waste Management Act;these regulations are found in the Pennsylvania Bulletin, and are also codified inTitle 25 of the Pennsylvania Code. Relevant chapters are as follows:

1. Article VII, Chapters 260-270, Hazardous Waste Management Regulations

(a) 25 Pa. Code, Chapters 260-266 and 270) - applies to the identificationand listing, generation, transportation, storage, treatment and disposalof hazardous waste; contains the requirements under the federalResource, Conservation and Recovery Act for a state to implement afederally-approved hazardous waste program.

(b) Chapter 267 (25 Pa. Code §§267.1 - 267.62) - sets forth the minimumrequirements for demonstrating sufficient financial responsibility tooperate a hazardous waste storage, treatment or disposal facility byproviding bond guarantees for the operation, closure, and post-closurerequirements of a hazardous waste storage, treatment or disposalfacility, and by providing insurance protection for personal injury andproperty damage arising out of operation of a hazardous wastestorage, treatment or disposal facility.

(c) Chapter 269 (25 Pa. Code §§269.1 - 269.50) - sets forth requirementsthat apply to siting of hazardous waste treatment and disposalfacilities; divides the criteria for siting hazardous waste treatmentand disposal facilities into two phases (Phase I exclusionary criteriawhich prohibit the siting of a new hazardous waste treatment ordisposal facility in an excluded area delineated under these criteria,and Phase II criteria which identify environmental, social, andeconomic factors which may effect the suitability ot a location for aproposed facility and apply to new hazardous waste treatment ordisposal facilities and modifications to existing facilities).

2. Municipal Waste Regulations

(a) Chapter 271 (25 Pa. Code §§271.1 - 271.744)

Chapter 271 sets forth provisions that are generally applicable to allmunicipal waste management activities, including definitions for allchapters (Subchapter A), general requirements for permits and permit

6R30I9I7

applications (Subchapter B), permit review procedures and standards(Subchapter C), bonding and insurance requirements (Subchapter D),civil penalties and enforcement (Subchapter E), requirements fordemonstration facilities (Subchapter F), residual waste as it applies tomunicipal facilities (Subchapter G), general permit requirements forinfectious and chemotherapeutic waste (subchapter H). This chapter .applies in conjunction with later chapters that are specificallyapplicable to particular types of facilities.

(b) Chapter 272 (25 Pa. Code §§272.1 - 272.543

This chapter sets forth prov isions for municipal planning, recycling andwaste reduction. General provisions (Subchapter A), duties andresponsibilities of host municipalities and counties under Act 101(Subchapter B), county plans and revisions requiring municipal wasteplanning (Subchapter C), provisions for Act 101 grants (Subchapter D),provisions for the operation of the municipal recycling program(Subchapter E), and provisions for the establishment and operation ofhousehold hazardous waste collection (Subchapter F).

(c) Chapter 273 (25 Pa. Code §§273.1 - 273.521).

This chapter sets forth the Department's application and operatingrequirements for municipal waste landfills. This chapter is divided infive major parts: Subchapter A (relating to general requirements),Subchapter B (relating to application requirements), Subchapter C(relating to operating requirements), Subchapter O (relating toadditional application requirements for special handling and residualwaste) and Subchapter E (relating to additional operating requirementsfor special handling and residual waste). This chapter is generallyapplicable to all operations at a municipal waste landfill, not merelythe specific disposal area.

(d) Chapter 275 (25 Pa. Code §S275.1 - 275.614)

Chapter 275 sets forth the Department's regulations concerning landapplication of sewage sludge. Subchapter B sets out generalapplication requirements for the three recognized methods of landapplication of sewage sludge, which are agricultural utilization, landreclamation, and land disposal. Subchapter C sets forth generaloperating requirements for all three methods of land application ofsewage sludge. Subchapter D sets forth additional application andoperating requirements for the agricultural utilization of sewagesludge. Additional application and operating requirements for the landdisposal of sewage sludge are set forth in Subchapter F. Finally,Subchapter G sets forth the Department's requirements for the sewagesludge distribution program.

(e) Chapter 277 (25 Pa. Code SS277.1 - 277.312)

Chapter 277 sets forth application and operating requirements forconstruction and demolition waste landfills. Construction/demolitionwaste is solid waste resulting from the construction or demolition ofbuildings and other structures, including but not limited to wood,

A R 3 0 I 9 I 8

plaster, metals, asphaltic substances, bricks, block and unsegregatedconcrete. The term also includes dredging wastes. Subchapter B setsout application requirements, and Subchapter C sets out operatingrequirements.

(f) Chapter 279 (25 Pa. Code §§279.1 - 279.272)

Chapter 279 sets forth application and operating requirements fortransfer facilities. Subchapter B sets forth application requirementsfor transfer stations, and Subchapter C sets forth operatingrequirements for transfer facilities.

(g) Chapter 281 (25 Pa. §§Code 281.1 - 281.282)

Chapter 281 contains permitting requirements for compostingfacilities.

(h) Chapter 283 (25 Pa. SSCode 283.1 - 283.434)

Chapter 283 concerns resource recovery and other processingfacilities. This chapter is applicable to a number of municipal wasteprocessing facilities, including resource recovery facilities, that arenot transfer stations or composting facilities. Subchapter B sets forthapplication requirements stating what an applicant must submit to theDepartment in order to obtain a permit. Subchapter C sets forth

~ operating requirements for persons or municipalities that operate suchfacilities. Subchapter D sets forth additional application requirementsfor special handling wastes. Subchapter E sets forth additionaloperating requirements for special handling wastes.

(i) Chapter 285 (25 Pa. Code §§285.1 - 285.222)

• Chapter 285 sets forth standards for storage, collection andtransportation of municipal wastes. Subchapter A sets forth standardsfor storage of municipal waste. Subchapter B sets forth standards forcollection and transportation of municipal wastes. Subchapter Cprovides for transporter Licensing for infectious and chemotherapeuticwaste. Subchapter O provides for the manifesting of infectious andchemotherapeutic waste.

3. Residual Waste Regulations

(a) Chapter 287 (25 Pa. Code §§287.1 - 287.666)This chapter specifies general procedures, definitions and rules for thegeneration, management and handling of residual waste.

(b) Chapter 288 (25 Pa. C :de §§288.1 - 288.625)This chapter sets forth application and operating requirements forClass I, II and III residual waste landfills.

(c) Chapter 289 (25 Pa. Code§§289.1 - 289.557)This chapter sets forth application and operating requirements forClass I and II residual waste disposal impoundments.

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(d) Chapter 291 (25 Pa. Code §§291.1 - 291.258)This chapter provides for the application and operation requirementsfor residual waste by land application.

(e) Chapter 293 (25 Pa. Code §§293.1 - 293.262)This chapter sets forth application and operating requirements forresidual waste transfer facilities.

(f) Chapter 295 (25 Pa. Code §§295.1 - 295.282)This chapter provides for the application and operation of residualwaste composting facilities.

(g) Chapter 297 (25 Pa. Code §§297.1 - 297.272)This chapter sets forth application and operation requirements forresidual waste processing facilities other than transfer or compostingfacilities.

(h) Chapter 299 (25 Pa. Code §§299.101 - 299.232)This chapter provides standards for the storage of residual waste(subchapter A), and standards for collecting and transporting ofresidual waste (Subchapter B).

C. Guidance Documents:

1. Guidance Manual for Groundwater Monitoring, July 1985.

2. Guidance Manual for Landfill Gas Management.

3. Guidelines for Benthic Macroinvertebrate Stream Surveys for Landfills,June 1988.

4. Management Policy for Ash Residue from Municipal Waste IncinerationResource Recovery Facilities.

5. Application for Storage, Treatment, Disposal of Hazardous Waste -Module #1.

6. Ground Water Quality Protection Strategy. February, 1992.

7. Policy and Procedure for the Disposal of Fuel Contaminated Soils.May 1990.

8. ARARs Determination. DER Office of Chief Counsel correspondence toEPA regarding groundwater and soil remediation levels. June 15, 1990 andJuly 2, 1990.

Additional guidance and policy available by contacting the Bureau of WasteManagement Regional or Central Office personnel.

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DER's Bureau of Water Quality Management


1. The Department's major source of standards and requirements governingwater quality are found under the Clean Streams Law, Act of June 22, 1937,P.L. 1987. as amended, 35 P.S. §§691.1 et. seg.

2. Additional requirements specific to community and individual sewagetreatment and disposal systems are found under'the Sewage Facilities Act(537), Act of January 24, 1966, P.L. 1535, as_amended. 35 P.S. §§750.9 et seq.

3. Storage Tank and Spill Prevention Act, Act of July 6, 1989, 35 P.S.§§6021.101-6021.2105.

B. Regulations:

Numerous requirements are promulgated under the Clean Streams Law, the SewageFacilities Act and the Administrative Code; refer to the Pa. Bulletin and Title 25of the Pa. Code. Relevant chapters are as follows:

!• Chapter 71 (25 Pa. Code §§71.1 et sea.) - This chapter sets forth regulationsrequiring Planning Requirements for Sewage Facilities, administration ofpermits for individual and community sewage systems, and the powers andduties of the Certification Board.

2. Chapter 72 (25 Pa. Code §§72.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth regulationsgoverning the issuance of permits by local agencies for retaining tanks, andindividual and community on-lot sewage systems which handle less than10,000 gallons per day and utilize subsurface absorption areas for effluentrenovation.

3. Chapter 73 (25 Pa. Code §§73.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth regulationspertaining to site and soil suitability for on-lot sewage disposal, the size andtype of treatment tanks, treatment tank effluent dosing and distributionrequirements, absorption area requirements, retaining tank standards, andexperimental and alternate systems.

4. Chapter 91 (25 Pa. Code §§91.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth generalprovisions for administration and enforcement of Pennsylvania's waterpollution control program, and establishes specific application requirementsand conditions for the approval and permitting of the construction andoperation of waste treatment projects.

5. Chanter 92 (25 Pa. Code §§92.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth provisionsfor the administration of the National Pollutant Discharge FMn-.InationSystem (NPDES) Program within Pennsylvania, and establishes criteria forthe content of NPDES permit applications, effluent standards, monitoringrequirements, standard permit conditions, public notification procedures, andother requirements related to the NPDES Program.

6. Chapter 93 (25 Pa. Code §§93.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth general andspecific standards for the quality of Pennsylvania's waters and includesspecific water quality criteria and designated water use protection for each

~9~ AR30I92I

stream in Pennsylvania. It is reviewed and updated, as necessary, at leastonce every three years. Section 93.8a establishes Chapter 16 regarding thetoxics management strategy and statement of policy.

7. Chapter 94 (25 Pa. Code §§94.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth provisionsfor municipalities to address pretreatment and other managementrequirements for wastewaters discharged into municipal sewage collectionand treatment systems.

8. Chapter 95 (25 Pa. Code §§95.1 et. seq.) - This dhapter sets forth wastetreatment requirements for all dischargers including general requirements for"High Quality Waters" and "Exceptional Value Waters" and procedures fordealing with special circumstances, such as developing wasteload allocations,discharges to acid impregnated streams and discharges to lakes, ponds, andimpoundments.

9. Chapter 97 (25 Pa. Code §§97.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth specificprovisions concerning the discharge of industrial wastes to Pennsylvaniawaters.

10. Chanter 101 (25 Pa. Code §§101.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth specialprovisions for incidences which would endanger downstream users ofPennsylvania waters, and specifies actions to be taken when such emergencyincidences occur.

11. Chapter 102 (25 Pa. Code §§102.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forthrequirements for the control of soil erosion and sedimentation resulting inearthmoving activities.

Note: The administration of Chapter 102, in most cases, has been delegatedto County Conservation Districts working in cooperation with the DER'sBureau of Land and Water Conservation.

Storage Tank and Spill Prevention Regulations for Corrective Action are underdevelopment. Other promulgated standards are as follows:

1. Chapter 245 (25 Pa. Code §§245.1-245.141 et. seq) - This chapter provides forthe certification program for installers and inspectors of aboveground andunderground storage tanks.

C. Guidances and Strategies:

1. 25 Pa. Chapter 16, Statement of Policy.

2. Industrial Waste Manual.

3. Sewerage Manual.

4. Spray Irrigation Manual.

5. Strategy for Making Water Quality Management PlanAmend./Consistency.

6. Toxics Management Strategy.

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7. Technical Guidance for NPDES Permitting of Landfill LeachateDischarges.

8. Wastewater Treatment Technology Assessment for Municipal WasteLandfills.

9. Staff Guidance For Underground Storage Systems in Pennsylvania.

10. Implementation Procedure for Protection'of High Quality andExceptional Value Waters.

11. Ground Water Quality Protection Strategy. February 1992.

AR30I923

DER's Bureau of Water Supply and Community Health


Pennsylvania Safe Drinking Water Act, Act of May 1, 1984, P.L. 206, 35 P.S.§§721.1 et. seq.

B. Regulations:

Regulations promulgated under the Safe Drinking Water Act; refer to the Pa.Bulletin and Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code:

Chapter 109 (25 Pa. Code §§109 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth drinking waterquality standards at least as stringent as federal standards: maximum contaminantlevels (MCLs), and additional state requirements: secondary maximum contaminantlevels (SMCLs) for public water systems including permit design and construction,source quality and siting requirements. Chapter 109 also sets requirements forbottled water retail facilities.


The guidance for limiting unregulated contaminants in public water supplies isreferenced in Chapter 109.203 and in the following:

1. Unregulated Contaminants Guidance and Health Effects InformationDocument.

Public water systems shall supply finished water that complies with themaximum unregulated contaminant concentrations (MUCC) determined asfollows:

(a) ' The MUCC will be the concentration at which EPA has proposed to setor is considering setting a primary MCL for the contaminant; or

(b) If EPA has not established a concentration as set forth in (a) above, theMUCC will be the concentration associated with a lifetime cancer riskof 10~6 for carcinogenic contaminants or the concentration equal to thelifetime health advisory concentration for non-carcinogeniccontaminants, provided that this concentration is equal to or greaterthan the practical quantitation level and achievable through the use ofavailable treatment technology; or

(c) If the concentration specified in (b) above is not equal to or greaterthan the practical quantitation level or is not achievable through theuse of available treatment technology, the MUCC will be set at thelowest concentration these limiting factors will allow.

2. DER Public Water Supply Manual

In an effort to develop, maintain and attain the above drinking water qualityrequirements, the Bureau has developed a Public Water Supply Manual. TheManual contains siting, treatment design and construction standards whichthe Department finds to be acceptable.

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DER's Bureau of Air Quality Control


The Department's major source of standards and requirements governing air qualityare found under the Air Pollution Control Act, Act of January 8, 1960, P.L. 2119,35 P.S. §§4001. et. seq.

B. Regulations;

Numerous requirements are promulgated under the Air Pollution Control Act; referto the Pa. Bulletin and Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code. Relevant chapters are asfollows:

1. Chapter 123 (25 Pa. Code §§123.1 et. seq.) - This chapter on "Standards forContaminants" sets forth requirements for fugitive emissions, including openburning and demolition activities; specific limitations for particulate mattersulfur dioxide, odor, and visible emissions.

2. Chapter 127 (25 Pa. Code §§127.1 et. seq.) - This chapter on "Construction,Modification, Reactivation and Operation of Sources" requires the use of BestAvailable Technology (BAT) for control of new sources, plan approval andoperating permit requirements, and special requirements for sources innonattainment areas.

25 Pa, Code §§127.12(a)(5) requires that new air contaminant sources reduceemissions to the minimum attainable level through the use of best availabletechnology (BAT). Applicants are responsible for demonstrating that BATwill be utilized on the sources in its plan approval application. BAT isdefined in 25 Pa. Code 121.1. In order to determine that a plan approvalapplication has demonstrated that the source will control emissions of aircontaminants to the appropriate level, the Department needs to review eachplan approval application on a case-by-case basis. Source-specific factorscan impact on what devices, methods or techniques are needed to controlemissions. The Department bases its case-by-case determinations of BAT onthe engineering judgment of the plan approval application reviewers. TheDepartment needs to review each plan approval application to apply the BATrequirement. If plan approvals (construction permits) will not be required,the Department will need to evaluate plan approval type technicalinformation regarding the source to make a BAT determination.

3. Chapter 129 (25 Pa. Code §§129.1 et. seq.) - This chapter on "Standards forSources" governs for open burning and specific industrial sources.

4. Chanter 131 (25 Pa. Code §§131.1 et. seq.) - This chapter on "Ambient AirQuality Standards" adopts Federal ambient air quality standards plus setsforth additional State standards for settled particulate, beryllium, aulfates,fluorides, and hydrogen sulfide.

5. Chapter 135 (25 Pa. Code §§135.1 et. seq.) - This chapter on "Reporting ofSources" requires the submission of data necessary for the identification andquantification of potential and actual air contaminant emissions.

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(\R3Q1925

6. Chapter 137 (25 Pa. Code §§137.1 et. seq.) - This chapter on "Air PollutionEpisodes" sets forth requirements for standby plans and the implementationof emission reduction procedures to prevent the excessive buildup of airpollutants during air pollution episodes.

7. Chapter 139 (25 Pa. Code §§139.1 et. seq.) - This chapter on "Sampling andTesting" sets forth requirements for sampling of facilities, sampling methodsand analytical procedures.

8. Chapter 141 (25 Pa. Code §§139.1 et. seq.) - This chapter on "Variances andAlternative Standards" establishes that the Department m?y impose morestringent standards than set forth Li other Bureau of Air Quality regulationswhere 1) the standard is related to achieving ambient air quality standards,2) the standard can be achieved through BAT, or 3) the standard is necessaryto protect the public health, safety or welfare.


1. "Hazardous Waste and Petroleum Products Contamination Cleanup Projects"requires plan approval and BAT for air strippers and other equipmentdesigned to remove volatile contaminants from soil, water, and othermaterials.

2. "BAT criteria for Municipal Incinerators."

3. "BAT criteria for Hospital/Infectious Waste Incinerators."

4. "Interim Operating Guidance for Air Toxic Substances", provides a consistentprocedure for permitting new and modified sources that emit air toxicsubstances. The guidance specifies how to evaluate sources, based mainly onthe chronic (annual) low level exposure air quality guidelines forapproximately 99 compounds. It also requires an acute (weekly) exposureassessment for formaldehyde and nickel compounds. This guidance isintended to provide a framework to assess the potential for public healthhazards from the emissions of air toxic substances. The guidance providescriteria for the acceptance/rejection of plan approval applications for aircontaminant sources. The requirements are both site and source specific,being established on a case by case basis.

5. "Air Quality Permitting Criteria for Remediation Projects Involving AirStrippers and Soil Decontamination Units." Provides a permit exemptionpolicy for remediation projects involving the Bureau of Air Quality Control.

6. "Air Quality Permitting Criteria Including Best Available Technology Criteriafor Municipal Waste Landfills." This document specifies plan approvalrequirements and guidelines to satisfy BAT requirements as established by127.12(a)(5) for municipal waste landfills.

7. "Multi-pathway Risk Assessment Guidelines." This document specifies riskassessment methodology for the burning of hazardous waste. Theseguidelines are applicable to commercial hazardous waste incinerators,boilers, and industrial furnaces subject to 40 CFR Parts 260-271 and DER'sChapter 126 and 264.

AR30I926

DER's Bureau of Land and Water Conservation


The Clean Streams Law, the Act of June 22, 1937, as amended. P.L. 1987,35 P.S. 691.1 et. seq.

B. Regulations:

Requirements promulgated under the Clean Streams Law; see the Pa. Bulletin andTitle -« of the Pennsylvania Code:

1. Chapter 102 (25 Pa. Code §§102.1 el. seq.) - Erosion Control. This chaptersets forth provisions that impose requirements on earth moving activitieswhich create accelerated erosion or danger of accelerated erosion and which .require planning and implementation of effective soil conservation measures.The Bureau administers the program for the control of erosion andsedimentation in cooperation with County Conservation Districts.

Regulations promulgated under the Storm Water Management Act; see the Pa.Bulletin and Title 25 of the Pa. Code:

1. Chapter 111 (25 Pa. Code §§111.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forthprovisions governing the awards of grants to counties and municipalities forpreparing and implementing storm water management plans.


Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual (1990)

Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan Development Checklist

AR30I927

DER's Bureau of Dams, Waterways and Wetlands


. 1. The Flood Plain Management Act, Act of October 4, 1978, P.L. 851, No. 166,32 P.S. §§679.101 et. seq.

2. The Dam Safety and Encroachments Act, Act of 1978, P.L. 1375, as amended.32 P.S. §§693.1 et. seq.

3. The Storm Water Management Act, Act of October 4, 1978, P.L. 864,No. 167, as amended. 32 P.S. §§680.1 - 680.17.

4. The Clean Streams Law of Pennsylvania, Act of June 22, 1937, P.L. 1987,35 P.S. §§691.1 et. seq.

B. Regulations:

1. Regulations promulgated under the Dam Safety and Encroachments Act; seethe Pa. Bulletin and Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code:

Chapter 105 (25 Pa. Code §§105.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forthprovisions for the regulation and supervision of dams, reservoirs, waterobstructions and encroachments in waters of the Commonwealth includingwetlands. Central Office, Bureau of Dams, Waterways and Wetlands,Division of Dam Safety, processes dam permits and evaluates theenvironmental assessments for out-of-scope dams. The Regional Offices ofWater Management, Soils and Waterways Section are responsible forenforcement activities, processing permit applications for water obstructionsand encroachments, and for inspecting dams.

2. Regulations promulgated under the Flood Plain Management Act; see the Pa.Bulletin and Title 25 of the Pa. Code:

Chapter 106 (25 Pa. Code §§106.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forthprovisions for the regulation of obstructions and highway obstructionsconstructed, owned or maintained by a political subdivision of theCommonwealth, or a public utility, and located in the 100 year floodplain asdelineated by FEMA Flood Hazard Boundary Maps.


1. An outline of Pennsylvania Wetlands Protection Program: Regulations,Policy and Ecological Considerations.

2. Overview of Changes to Chapter 105, December 1991.

3. Guidelines for Small Projects, September 1992. Small projects are thosewater obstructions or encroachments with insignificant impact as defined inChapter 105, excluding wetlands.

4. Abridged National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands.

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AR30I928

DER's Bureau of Radiation Protection


The Radiation Protection Act, Act of July 10, 1984, P.L. 688, 35 P.S. §§7110.101et. seq.

B. Regulations:

Several regulations promulgated under the authority of the Atomic EnergyDevelopment and Radiation Control Act; see the Pa. Bulletin and Title 25 of thePennsylvania Code.

1. Chapter 215 (25 Pa. Code §§215.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth generalprovisions for all persons who use, manufacture, produce, transport, transfer,

. receive, acquire, possess or dispose of any radiation source.

2. Chapter 217 (25 Pa. Code §§217.1 ej. sea.) - This chapter sets forthprovisions for application and licensing requirements for persons whomanufacture, produce, transport, transfer, receive, acquire, possess ordispose of any radioactive material.

3. Chapter 219 (25 Pa. Code §§219.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forthprovisions for individual exposure limits, emission standards, and safetyrequirements.

C. Additional Requirements:

1. Chapter 403 - This chapter sets forth the Pennsylvania Department ofTransportation requirements for transporting radioactive materials.

2. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission should be notified if high level wastesare involved.

-17-BR30I929

DER's Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey


The Water Well Drillers License Act, Act of May 29, 1956, P.L. 1840, 32 P.S.§645.1 et. seq.

B. Regulations:

Requirements promulgated under the Water Well Driller License Act; see the Pa.Bulletin and Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code:

Chapter 107 (25 Pa. Code §§107.1 et, seq.) - This chapter sets forth requirementsfor the licensing of water well drillers, prevention of pollution of undergroundwaters, submittal of well construction records and well abandonment notification.

AR30I930

DER's Bureau of Oil and Gas Management


1. The Oil and Gas Act of 1984, Act of December 19, 1984, P.L. 1140, asamended, 58 P.S. §§ 601.101 et. seq. The Oil and Gas Act is the fundamentallaw governing activities for the oil and gas industry. It sets forth permitting,drilling, operating, casing, plugging, reporting, financial responsibility, gasstorage, well location restrictions, and other requirements.

2. The Coal and Gas Coordination Act, Act of December 18, 1984, P.L. 1069,58 P.S. §§501 et. seq. The Coal and Gas Coordination Act coordinates theactivities of coal mines and gas wells dealing with non-conservation wellsthat penetrate a working coal seam.

3. The Oil and Gas Conservation Law of 1961, Act of July 25, 1961, P.L. 825,58 P.S. §§401 et. sea.

4. The Clean Streams Law (35 P.S. §§641.1-691.1001).

5. The Solid Waste Management Act (35 P.S. §§6018.101-6018.1003).

6. Article XIX-A of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. §§510.1-510.108).

B. Regulations:

1. Chapter 78 (25 PA Code §§78.1 et. seq.) - This chapter regulates the drillingand production of oil and gas wells. Included in this chapter are regulationsconcerning environmental protection and well drillings, operations andplugging.

2. Chapter 79 (25 Pa. Code §§79.1 et. seq.) - This chapter regulatesconservation wells, those wells which penetrate the Onondaga or deeperhorizon, or are drilled to greater than 3,800 ft.

C. Guidance Documents;>

DER "Oil and Gas Operators Manual"

Note: The seotionTof these acts, regulations and guidelines which are most likelyto be used as ARARs in a cleanup response action are the requirements forplugging of oil and gas wells, as follows:

(a) 58 P.S. §§601.210 - Plugging requirements; and 610.211 - Alternative methods

(b) 25 Pa. Code §§78.91-.98 - Well Plugging

(c) 25 Pa. Code Chapter 78, Subchapter C, "Environmental ProtectionPerformance Standards."

- 19 - AR30I931

DER's Bureau of Mining and Reclamation


1. The Surface Mining Conservation and Reclamation Act, Act of May 31, 1945,P.L. 1198. as amended. 52 P.S. §§1396.1 et. seg.

2. The Coal Refuse Disposal Control Act, Act of September 28, 1968, P.L. 1080,as amended. 52 P.S. §§30.51 et. seg.

3. The Bituminous Mine Subsidence and Land Conservation Act, Act of April 22,1966, P.L. 30-1, as amended. 52 P.S. §§1406.1 et. seq.

4. The Administrative Code, Act of April 9, 1929, P.L. 177, as amended. 71 P.S.§§510 et. sea.

5. The Clean Streams Law, Act of June 22, 1937, P.L. 1987, as amended, 35 P.S.§§691.1 et. seq.

6. Noncoal Surface Mining Conservation and Reclamation Act, Act ofDecember 19th, 1984, P.L. 1093, 52 P.S. §§3301 et. seq.

B. Regulations:

Numerous regulations promulgated under the above statutes; see the Pa. Bulletinand Title 25 of the Pennsylvania Code:

1. Chapter 77 (25 Pa. Code §§77.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth proceduresand regulations for non-coal mining activities and establishes informationalrequirements for permit applicants, siting criteria, and operational standards.

2. Chapter 86 (25 Pa. Code §§86.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forth generalpermit application requirements for all coal mining activities, permitprocedures and siting criteria.

3. Chapter 87 (25 Pa. Code §§87.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forthinformational requirements to support permit applications for bituminoussurface mining operations and establishes land reclamation and environmentalprotection standards, including requirements for the preservation ofhydrologic balances.

4. Chapter 88 (25 Pa. Code §§88.1 et. seq.) - This chapter sets forthrequirements governing anthracite surface and deep mining activities.Chapter 88 establishes mine siting criteria and environmental protectionperformance standards, including requirements for the preservation of ahydrologic balance, proper closure of mines, and subsidence control.

5. Chapter 89 (25 Pa. Code §§89.1 et. seq.) - This chapter governs bituminousdeep mining activities. Chapter 89 establishes mine siting criteria andenvironmental protection performance standards, including requirements forthe preservation of a hydrologic balance, proper closure of mines, andsubsidence control.

~2°~ AR30I932

6. Chapter 90 (25 Pa. Code §§90.1 et. seg.) - This chapter sets forthrequirements regarding coal refuse disposal in surface and deep mines,including provisions for application requirements and environmentalperformance standards.

C; Guidance Documents;

1. Bureau of Mining and Reclamation Program Guidance Manual.

2. Program Guidance Manual for Surface Bituminous Coal Mining.

-21 - AR30I933

DER'a Bureau of Abandoned Mine Reclamation

No regulations. This Bureau should be notified of Superfund site work in abandoned mineareas.

- 22 -AR30I93L*

Other Potential Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements

Pennsylvania Scenic Rivers Act, Act of Dec. 5, 1972, P.L. 1277, as amended. 32 P.S.§§820.21 et. seg.

Historic Preservation Act of Nov. 22, 1978, P.L. 1160, as amended. 71 P.S. §§1047.1 et.seq..

Department of Environmental Resources: Policies and Procedures for theImplementation of the History Code (37 Pa. C.S.A., Section 101 et. seq.). January 1,1993. Also: Procedures for DER Permittees and for DER Projects.

The Fish and Boat Code, Act of Oct. 16, 1980, P.L. 996, as amended. 30 Pa. C.S. §§101et. seq.

The Game and Wildlife Code, Act of July 8, 1986, P.L. 1225, 34 Pa. C.S. §§101 et. seq.

The Soil Conservation Law, Act of May 15, 1945, P.L. 547, as amended. 3 P.S. 849.

Pennsylvania Dept. of Transportation, Act of June 1, 1945 (P.L. 1242, No. 428) (36 P.S.§§670-411, 670-420, 670-421 and 670-702).

Pennsylvania State Police, Title 37, Part I, Chapters 11 and 13. Flammable andCombustible Liquids.

- 23 -AR30I935

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Appendix AWater Quality Criteria for Toxic Substances

Table 1 lists the human health and aquatic life criteria for toxic substances which the Department willuse in development of effluent limits in NPDES permits. The human health criteria are furtherdefined as to the specific effect (that is, carcinogenicity, taste and odor, general health). For thoseaquatic life criteria which afe hardness related and specified as a.formula, such as several of the heavymetals, criteria for hardness values of 50, 100 and 200 are provided as examples. The Department willuse the specific hardness of the receiving stream in calculating criteria on a case-by-case basis forthese substances. The parameters are grouped according to chemical/analytical properties anddenoted alpnanumerically: M = Metals; A = Acid Soluble; V = Volatile; B = Base Neutral;andP = Pesticide. Some of these criteria may be superseded for Drainage Lists W (Ohio River Basin) andX(Lake Erie Basin) under interstate and international compact agreements with Ohio River ValleySanitation Commission and International Joint Commission, respectively. See Section 93.9 (relating-todesignated water uses and water quality criteria) for specific parameters and criteria.

Acronyms and Footnotes to Table 1

H = Threshold effect human health criterion.

CRL = Cancer risk level criterion at 1 x 10-6.

T&O = Taste and odor criterion.

1 nH = Natural logarithm of the hardness of stream as mg/l

N/A = Insufficient data to develop criterion.

b = Criterion is for total of halomethanes (5V + 8V + 12V + 20V +21V) present.

c = Criterion is for total dichlorobenzenes(20B •»• 218 -t- 228) present.

d = Criterion is for total PCBs(18R + 19P + 20P •»• 21P + 22P -t- 23P +24P).

See 25 Pa. Code Chapter 16 for specific details.

Refer to 25 Pa. Code Chapter 93 for other specific Water Quality Standards.

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Appendix *•,Table 2

Pennsylvania Maximum Contaminant LevelsJanuary 1993

rimary Contaminants Maximum Contaminant Level

Metals:

Arsenic......................................'. 0.05 mg/LBarium1..................,.................... 1 mg/LCadmium........................................ 0.005 mg/LChromium1..................................... 0.05 mg/LCopper........................................ 1.3 mg/L

.(Not an MCL. Level at which public water systemsmust take action to reduce the concentration of copper)

Lead.......................................... 0.015 mg/L(Not an MCL. Level at which public water systems

must take action to reduce the concentration of lead)Mercury....................................... 0.002 mg/LSelenium1..................................... 0.01 mg/LSilver2. ...................................... 0.05 mg/L

Non-Metallic Inorganic Chemicals:<m

Asbestos...................................... 7 millionfibers (longer than 10um)/L

Fluoride...................................... 2 mg/LNitrate, as nitrogen.......................... 10 mg/LNitrite, as nitrogen.......................... 1 mg/LTotal Nitrate & Nitrite as nitrogen........... 10 mg/L

Volatile Organic Chemicals:

Benzene....................................... 0.005 mg/LCarbon tetrachloride .......................... 0.005 mg/Lo-Dichlorobenzene............................. 0.5 mg/Lp-Dichlorobenze'ne ........................... 0.075 mg/L1,2-Dichloroethane.. .......................... 0.005 mg/L1,1-Dichloroethylene.......................... 0.007 mg/Lcis-1.2-Dichloroethylene...................... 0.07 mg/Ltrans-1,2-Dichloroethylene.................... 0.1 mg/L1,2-Dichloropropane........................... 0.005 mg/LEthylbenzene................................... 0.7 mg/LMonochlorobenzene............................. 0.1 mg/LStyrene.. ..................................... 0.1 mg/LTetrachloroethylene........................... 0.005 mg/LToluene....................................... 1 mg/LTotal Trihalomethanes......................... 0.10 mg/L1,1,1-Trichloroethane ......................... 0.2 mg/LTrichloroethylene (TCE)....................... 0.005 mg/LVinyl chloride................................ 0.002 mg/LXylenes (total)........................-...... 10 mg/L

Primary Contaminants Maximum Contaminant Level

Pesticides, PCBs:

ALachlor.................. .................... 0.002 mg/LAtrazine...................................... 0.003 mg/LCarbofuran.................................... 0.04 mg/L•Chlordane..................................... 0.002 mg/L2,4-D. ......................................... 0.07 mg/LDibromochloropropane-(DBCP)................... 0.0002 mg/LEndrin1-.....................................'.. 0.0002 mg/LEthylene dibromide (EDB)...................... 0.00005 mg/LHeptachlor.................................... 0.0004 mg/LHeptachlor epoxide............................ 0.0002 mg/LLindane....................................... 0.0002 mg/LMethoxychlor.................................. 0.04 mg/LPCBs.......................................... 0.0005 mg/LPentachlorophenol.'. ........................... 0.001 mg/LToxaphene............................;......... 0.003 mg/L2,4,5-TP (Silvex) .............'................ 0.01 mg/L

Radiological:

Gross Alpha............................... ..... 15 pCi/LCombined Radium 226/223....................... 5 pCi/LMan-made Radionuclides (beta particle and

photon radioactivity)...................... 4 mrem/yr

Microbiological:

Coliform bacteria. ................ 52 positive when >. 40 samples per month1 positive per month when < 40 samples per month

Secondary Contaminants Maximum Contaminant Level

Chloride...................................... 250 mg/LColor.......................................... 15 color unitsCopper........................................ 1 mg/LCorrosivity. .................................. non-corrosiveFoaming Agents ................................ 0.5 mg/LIron .......................................... 0.3 mg/LMangane se..................................... 0.05 mg/LOdor. ......................................... 3 threshold odor

numberpH. ........................................... 6.5-8.5Sulfate........................................ 250 mg/LTotal dissolved solids........................ 500 mg/LZinc.......................................... 5 mg/L

^Recently revised federal MCLs for these chemicals are less stringentthan the current state MCLs. The more stringent state MCLs willremain in effect in Pennsylvania until changed by adoption of newstate regulations.

2The federal primary MCL for silver was deleted on July 30, 1992.However, the state primary MCL for silver remains in effect.

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CoT'-s,£ a-= 73• S. ocn =c .g o oE ojC —C C

construction, eai

xcav

atio

n wi

thi

U Oi

VOow41

Obstructions must comply

with Chapt

requirements

c'3a•gow<T5U>.6o*~c£••irf

5

o-3>Oj^^^ Cl_l J#;., Q CS 5^- —2 £JOl 'IJs3 KvX oC

CT

wX11•g"5T3QCT>c'£i<u« 1-s<j-i C

Coal Mining Prohibited

Q.r'

"N. ' ———

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- 1 f £< — ^ oa. u °- vj

>, *C c c4, C -n J tj0 S —w 0Q-J c >,•?; 2 '-= n >>0 08 = 2 o;* — 5 c >E s 1 1 £ 5* o '> - c 2w — • * ' ~ ^ ~* —o 2 c2 5^c x < c Q1? < - 41 It^^f1^5 a^ÎIP 11w § o r .? a< O U O T <

"?5</i'> — •• w

Prohibition of adverse environmental

or tr

affic i

mpacts

- must

provide impa

analysis

S§3 —f3 w^ 3• w— —fO «/»C 0)e 'C w0 O

X « -0 ° inS "". -2| E'51 « fl> (— *s^ §u 3 w" flB —C Jr C'£ a S»* Q; »/»i ±^3Rtvou i w \

enH-

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Cg*w

u

'w!'3.^ - 2| | E f< o u "o

"3 C

libi

tion of

adverse environmental,

visi

af fi

e imp

acts must

pro

vide imp

act

ysis Treatment & Disposal

pro

hibl

tio

sr sQv O ^

53c _u <Ol -E oc :;5 2^ -w —n ^•2 <H5^^ °O

201,

Oi

'xUJ-a"o5>cciOlwrtjw3<y»

C

1 Mining prohibited unless approved

tly by DER and agency

with ju

risd

icti

o

O ' Mi i O

•a"oe.o

s

o c-a <uOi OlC 'S11 .*"* (>?OJ w.'o" °5.2w ^'C TJO Ol

f

• the property/place

Oi

o

oT

5O «™~ ^*

* 1 sU *i

o (~33£ _ t

5 _- o-$ < m

a;O

o S-Oi -n^ SJ1 2Q.S

o-S§ 5- "OCw,_ QJE — "O% cf i ^

Action to conserve endangered species or

threatened

species including co

nsultation

with DER Bureau of

Forestry

T-t

WC13

.C Oi

ic 55 w^ og.,23 ejj v<** Q. "O<TJ Cn c

-p* Ol.5 U 0.03 >_ OlJT 0> T3" C 0)^ «J '0

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^ ^-

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5 LL.<v -a<v cQ (3

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No treatment or disposal wit

hin Wetland

Area

Isolation distances may apply

Obstructions and encroachments must

comply

with Chapter 105 requirements

v»•oC—

1

.

o-i_

<j 5 •-> _^^ 1"Q_ J

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iOi O>

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o EC "O^ c^ ^3

|o— rg> 51 1

"<53

Prohibition of adverse environmental, vis

or tr

affic i

mpacts

- must provide impact

analysis No Di

sposal or Treatment in

Landmark

Areas

030)w^

o)QJ-a§

«—<3<j c t2 ?> _j^ 2a. 0

2iOi Oi

EOl ~£

o EC "O;= Cd "

i o>. —1 3< c

w.o

Same

as Wilderness ar

ea, also no disposal

treatment in National or Stale refuges

or

hatcheries

;,,»—5i^J"i"*"cu01>—

Ol_

2i

AK3U1952

1C IATE REQUIREMENTS

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< <fqSi

APPLICABLE OR REL

cO•

'O

Prerequisite

Requirement

cotj2

2E—. 2 r* .w PTC —LU _j

08 a.>oo

•3 ô co(3

C —

Obstruction or encroachme

regulated waters

of the

Slai

- £i/» f-» W

IEiJ 4)

Si

Obstructions and encroachrm

comply

with Chapter 105 req

vO

1J

s 'lfN 2 "3

rs, "oov c r

5s? ^-^" ~o

§ !_< 35 Q; oo^ L T t/1 O

Q_ *» rs G

E"32•Ol

Acti

vity potentially

affe

ctin

or ri

ver

couEOl

Water Quality Criteria must t

stream.

4_

'w

oiw/»atc'^^2w

C ,- v> .* *- j px._ O ^n U — >. —

^ "5 1 <5 5, >-. v2 * 2 <tr — -3 2- | 5 ^ Q- rsi

tf* /"• •1'a. 3. gi'? 3.S £ 5 2i— -T: -O b..<t x

^ ^ "°"m Q) 2 >

River or

river corridor

desigi

pursuant

lo the PA

Scenic Ri

or li

sted as a 1

A. pr

iori

ty for

DER

mOj §qj >> LV3 TOflj Q.

s s8-i

Prohibit

activities th

at ma

y cr

environmental,

visual or

trafl

river.

51(3 Oc -3o <s•S 01n SC a.

I °w \J",QJ '£•

^ «»TJ wfa <*91 _-v. 2clIc * -•-1 tS OJ. -• ( .

9 * t_

T "5O Cl{J O

L$ °""r-

^2 I.j] Ê ^2 ?CT Co ^(X S— a; o2 c aoE o <^LU fVI »"~

<

a.•a<u

Acti

viti

es aff

ecti

ng designa

Coastal Zones

<un

*-»i

Conduct activities co

nsistent

program requirements.

coN

"5k/lnjOuC£

1

_î__j

< SV- sD

1|a. 0

31]t

"= a.O wL (J;

Area must be

designated by

Conservation

Service or und

Area

Security Law

<!a. '3

ill• — T3 ^ ^^

Treatment and Disposal proh

Agricultural Areas

establish^

Area

Security Law or in

farml

Class 1

agricultural la

nd by

SC

jQOl*«•n23

"5w

<

S

w

* -T>< ,-sgIIa. u

—S

Must

be designated

excepti

valu

e

•o2

Treatment or di

sposal prohib

Jw

s

*f ffv

1 < S

!!a. uc

T O•a ^

DER/EQB mu

st hav

e receive!

wril

len requesl for de

sign

ai

•oOJr3015"r5

gaOJXLU

RR301953

t/lzuu5LUce

aUl

tt eeeo <~» a.2 sia «?£Z Z 3;ui Q C ALO

APPLICABLE OR RELE

co«J4

'O

01«••5'5a-01

§i

--

Requirement

conswO

•

r-»<n ,u<<*-<•• < (N

Pisâ .-artj CU 2^= * So E —Is"!S c u-g 5 <C "3 £JSs< ^ 08-13 _

>£o'w /-w c .E1 a: -c - o.1 1 1W »/l i»—u (0 Ol< cms

'3

Disposal prohibited over

active or

inactive

and gas wells or ga

s storage areas located

within

or beneath

site.

If a

bandoned

facilities ex

ist, but not below

disposal

uni

t

m"35Ul0}CTT3rtj,™O

need

analysis of

expected

subsurface

discharges

for a

pproval of

unit

r-.3>w< 0•' °< t-N

!f5co-5owwCT0o0101"oOlw

o;^'xLU

O

Disposal prohibited over ar

eas of co

arse

unconsolidated deposits including heavily

fractured bedrock

Other

acti

viti

esacceptable

if su

bsurface co

nditions po

se n

threat

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4W

rtJ. V*>«J2C_5OJ•oc13

ooCOng

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C ^< O^ o11 2s §•O^G

. -jH-- W

S *.2 2LO OA *"A jji01 —•a oS E= aE oS «O -^. _ •-»

I-1lLU rg

Disposal prohibited over th

ese formations

Areas mapped

by PA

Geologic Survey.

Olcot/101EwoOiw(15 ^

Is-Q —fo irt*£.-a ^

II>r T3Oi j-•o cr* -D£

— •*&w< =n>• '-°< rgi*.-> v^ < -Ca. u

oW

COlw"3"5" ra<fl Ol5 !3.E gOi O- «•vi d>15C ./I.t; "o51

-CTreatment and Disposal

activ

ities:

must

provide impact

analysis on

unit de

sign wi

trespect to

landslide

TJ011301coa.01•o~•am_i

,-<w< m

- <&<£ rs

1!< j=Q. 1J

>.

T3Ola >.Q. 01

2 2!Ol w

= S1<n aa. 01LU (J

2 <m a-^5j= un" a^ >"LU O

Treatment and Disposal

activities:

demonstrate un

it design can withstand

seismic ac

tivi

ties

Oi-*CO2IT.C*w«5LU

"oo>E .in 01C c£ 2> 5.> Ol

MS5^

5^1z ~< in^ VO

< —— SJIsf i"< -Ca, o

>i5 j£ 2^ fq k

5 oi/l "~

1«Q. -a<" ;!U CT•o .E -"o 5 S<u a. s |S,2 3 c.£ 3 CK C —LU ra C

««»„ o

Treatment and Disposal

activities:

provid<

analysis of subsidence

risk F

urth

er min

ing

minerals

providing support

of un

itprohibited

i/i01CEOlu.2t_3Sc/nOlc6a.Ol01Q

2LU

LUee3aLU

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2§LUeeeeOLU

CO-

cgfO

u

0)£'5cr01Olwa.

Requirement

cg«»o

en

2"oOlT3u < r-0) O —

i - < a\( •__ - i__Q

i c <! IN? ~ ^5- f^ 5 *"

• c — ^ -^< at a. 0

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si5 5T3 —

jj

Is§3O f3c c|.s>C *nO Oiu -a

C i

Area must be

administered in such a man

so as

to le

ave it un

impaired as

a Natural o

Wild Area and to preserve its u

nique

features for which

it was de

signated

*<y< s2<3 -0

liv? vrto> a*0 0LL. LL.a» o»

1/1 i/»

<o 5> *n!r rfd; . «.^ ° <-\5 — T" °

^ o -^ •-3 rC S-o 3a) O

_. _~ Q- w•$ < ro <

.O «i2 ««2££Q o .^^-a -a -• •0) 3 ?•« °- «5C U =.S» 3 ga> >> is•a £ LTI* ^ -fw at ,—

1 0^< u- Q.

^ _,

c 3

Area must be

administered in such a man

as wi

ll leave

it unimpaired as a

wild plant

sanctuary and to pr

eserve

its u

nique habi

values for which

it wa

s designated.

c512ia;5•< aso <52?z. *3 c3 U0, VI

55/

*t CT\

" IN

I 5> a_\y i.u

o. 0

as

'oOl

'i0)oc£iin

Prohibit

activities th

at ma

y create a

dvers<

environmental,

visual or

traf

fic i

mpacts.

c

"(UaaT3 'TI

S *"— IK

I 2fQ t/1

ts" -o> oo xLL. O, *"

*™ "fl13 wQ. 1—

g;-<[<[ r

|s**] ~ia. 0

0>, w ^^2 < < *"a ^ c c<V * o ^rr w •- u2 S.5*2^5-5a. ^ •=S 5 o 

- c | "g o

Illllo

prohibition of adverse impacts on species

habitat

•ow

CTC•oOl

* —

13 5i -C* rt- S!^ rtl

<2 S-

33COIN

- =

. '-°<

1 1

J

£ O

*a

stances

and/or sup

112 a' >s<m— £wi 0)-5 3<n c2 S *ai^s2 2.1

Disposal prohibited unless permanent

alternative supply provided and consent

obtained

w

>,aaiwOl ,135

Oi j

'""*• 73

— T

< S< 1 i2

a. u

ntamers

owC

01CT2oInwOOT33O

£

Containers

holding

ignitables a

nd re

activ

must

mai

ntai

n a 40

ft

setback from a

buil

ding for outdoor

storage

^c2'5

o^(•0^"v«/>

•Jo

JTR30I955

iLU

LUee3aLUee

01eeeeOLU

CD<U

.

co2'O

2'5cr2!a

Requirement

corouO

<"ococo3

0 <a. u<_ a.< S-

Use BAT, Meet "Haz Waste and

Petroleum

Products Contamination Clean-up"

Procedures, and Air Toxics Su

bstance

Guidance

limits

Ol

o.a^

1

0303

~zu~>

r>- '~°

^ 5<%_ y<^J n_

la< -20. U

Meet

design and performance

standards

Table 3.

Final grade

2- 1 5

% ; cover

soils USDA

class loams

Permeability of cap <^

permeability of

liner

Vegetation based

on

PennDOT Form 408 or Penn

State Agronomy

Guide.

2S3$ ~°•5 TO||I S^ •—o 2U 0O 'X

$ "- 1III1°- o-u.£ 2

U'O

5 "w<X r

1 c§ 5.< .=Q. U

Demonstrate no

subsoil contamination and

no groundwater contamination from that

unit Use sampling

grid to determine

sampling

locations

"° £fl nj2 ?</i -a" c§ 3— O° 01

I ?P

11-.

£ 1 •§o c cu £ E^ fB fQ

S e co 3 S

0303

|01

^ -O §

~ | J

. '-° -5< ^J J^5 w —^

1 i 1< -C â. u u

Stabilize w

aste

to support.cap

Must

withstand dynamic and static loading wit

h a

mini

mumo

f F.O.S

of 1.5

Ins

tall g

asmonitoring

and venting systems

ifappropriate

Instal

l groundwater

monitoring sy

stem - minimum

three (3

)downgradient, one ( 1 ) upgradient per

aquifer

Prepare and im

plem

ent assessment

and abatement plan

if co

ntam

inat

ion is

detected Need

app

rova

l of groundwater

trealment pl

ant d

esign

30 yr

post

closure

monitoring, notice in property deed

Leac

hate storage

capacity - 1,000

gal/ acre ol

closed

uni

t

w.0)TO§,-D

S 1J2 01°- -a «c c en•- -o c*/* c c'v • — C

^ 3 S1 ?-§£ '-f 2illG 3. E

AR30195G

u !i5< ^% UJ

- II i< h

HZLU2LUae.5aLUQCLU

<ae

APPLICABLE OR RELEVANT APPROP

cg*•*u

OJ

'5o-w

2a

Requirement

c0

uO

0300

-3

in£; 4

sj

^ 3< > 5^ Q.V" «<< «Q. U

Establish/Maintain Vegetative cover;

maintain run-on,

run-off co

ntrol, wind

dispersal; prohibit g

rowth of food chain

crops

'c •Jc<u—0)^T3C(O_1

"oa;3OU

J-l

5; w^ s^ VI

$ H.w* ^<^ _^Q_ t^

Closure of ol

d units: e

ither c

lean cl

osure or

capping

'ci?.cfjic0

•o"5ou

-n< 3

*"\ - a** 3< ~> *^ C-V" — •

< -a. <_>

Disposal

in a different un

it prohibited unless

unit meets

"permit" standards

Old un

itmust meet closure s

tandards

'5cO)3<vco-3ocou

^

SN^

ul^ ^3

>-/**• 3< IIV" ^j<3 _CL v j

Meet

spacing and set back requirements,

secondary containment

Containers must be

in good condition and labeled, Cannot store

over

1 yr wi

thou

t cause.

0)en2o

c3ou

.•N

5i "3w J

^ S< > 55 o^ -

0. U

Meet

generally accepted industry st

andards;

UL142,API650,etc Have:

secondary

containment,

alarms, pressure/overflow

controls, min

shell thickness established,

meet NFPA Code

30 standard. Tank

Evaluation Repair Plan, VO

NC pl

an, standby

equipment

VOC emission

control device

eno!*c~

l

_ isO

^ rs'- 2** 3< 7$ 1*yi iv^ -^d. O

See tank storage Also have

trea

tabi

lity

study program/waste analysis

trial

tre

atme

nltest

VOC

, fug

itiv

e emission controls

J..3''S £N u2 "5 CT3 C -

c — —— " O f3£•53S Q- Q£ S "°.* c cJ Q 0;

.* "3 —

§ — *"~ — -

AR30I957

ZLU

LU{£.5aLUce

Q .Z <.2 * a.

< C3

ccO

CD

a.

co'«fa'O

'3croi5a

Requirement

cO'Sua

w• CO

fN^ T3^ C*^ ^w^ '.Of Cs4~ QJ

1 9-•j

a. uMeet

design and performance

standard for

liners. Meet

groundwaler

isolation

distance - no g

roundwater

manipulation

allowed

Meet

buffer zone, subbase slope

and flow zone permeability requirements

Meet

leachate and run-off s

torage

requirements Meet

EPA's CQA and MTR

Develop and implement groundwater

monitoring program

(see cl

osure w

ith w

aste

in pl

ace).

01

c *o7O uS CL•o .E-» ts§ 501 >Z £

||

W 1/1

3 O•2 C 01O Olu £.

CO

-oc'O_n

^ rN• ' _- o. -Q

<f.

II< 2Q. U

See above,

plus meet

dike and slope

limitation

Ol

•23

0)Zo

ll3 Ci: 3w« Oc au .§

-0

^S i— " — _*J ~J< -^-o ^

r- — ps 5?o c co>s r — r"'4rj ^ ~Q

^ 3 "s^ w 5 °O ^ S y_

Q \I> vi O.

Construct dikes with

sufficient st

rength to

prevent

fail

ure

Meet

dike slope li

mita

tion

sfor impoundments.

oroN

2V*01•Jb

Q

3,_.'J\t*-1>

a.2GdiouQ.LnrN

Bureau

of Water Quality authorization of

NPDES discharge and treatment

facili

tyconstruction

ES3?c01eo»w1—

"o01en ~

0>"5 ^ tw_O uj

5

-3c"3

J">*D

7•< 'T. -o<

^ **5 Q_< 20. U

1 Need approval from Bureaus of Ai

r Quality

Control and Waste Management

Meet

Air

Toxics Substances Guidance

limi

ts Prepare

Tria

l Burn

Plan;

establish POHC's

demonstrate 99 99% ORE See also tank

storage

Use BAT

Meet

buf

fer zone, odor

and noise control

coJSw01cc

ftttJU i

V/1

LUCS

aLUceUJ

iLus

UloeceO1X1

CO

3a.Q.

•

cgflG

OJ'3?'5tr2J0)et

. •

Requirement

co3o«J

en

< |2< rs5 O^ ^ O< £

l>< a< i-i

Obtain

Air

Quality Pl

an approval Meet

buffer zone. Develop

test plans See also

tank st

orage. NOTE:

No open

burning

except

for detonation

of ex

plosives - meet

specific buffer zones.

^

"o*MT

«

C .S —

At

J? c"w O«-* • —r= jE vj;* '€£ >

^ i^0a. IN—~ £w Q^

91 ,,

|5 {j &\ ndi — 0 < |^ <Y" "< 5 J£a. .g <Nui ;> wrvj \s\ O

Bureau

of Water Quality authorization of

any treatment

facili

ty construction. Meet

food-chain crop prohibition, cad

mium

restriction. Prepare

unsaturated zone

monitoring Pl

an, VO

NC pl

an Meet setback

requirements.

Application r

ates co

nsistent

with DER's "Sewage

Septic Tank and Holding

Tank Waste

Use on Agricultural Land"

Guide.

*-*c0)ew1—Cm

3300IN

^

LH

3 7!Z o< T^ -0

I c^ cu5 Q_

< £.r\ >

See Tank Treatment

Prepare Treatability

Study Plan. Meet

EPA's La

nd Di

sposal

Restriction Treatment Standard Prepare

Waste Analysis Pl

an for QA/QC

of treatment

process

For

landfills, meet 20% min.

solids

content

•ac

JS

1*•*

(9^

c«C2f

c — •Ql g*£ t/>w O<9 CLa> ^,±3

n D o n s n tr ri

-OJ

3-_£oK0O

Q.inI-M

wo0)'S5s•ow

2w—•fl0)

I/l35

| Bureau of Water Quality authorization of

i/»

1|co•

ol'£"•oc3OB)J01TJ

ino-n - o< *. '-O

*^ > i5 g_

< in t^/

,_01"r!5•ac0wO!

any treatment

faci

lity construction

NOTE

:This is

prohibited

for l

isted o

r "derived-

from"

listed wastes

No Waste Management

standards except groundwater

monitoring

OJ«-*1•oc3Owa•o2<ui_r•a

• jn i Q11

CT>.•N-3

~-O5>

- o<1" *. •Q

< " J^ 1;

> Q.

< -Cr> v_J

Ca>01cviaia>

.£ ""-;a* ala £>_ a;o .i0 3•a crC 1*

Meet

line

r standards, leachate and

run-off

storage requirements

as for

land

fill

s Meet

groundwater isolation d

istances and

setback

Prepare Waste

Pile Eva

luat

ion and

Repa

ir Plan

.2CLo>£•*\ \\ J U IJ -»

Uls111eg3a01ce

u ^ a-^ u O— S1 «*i SS8:5 z <

ceeeOUl

CO<ui

Cgm«a'O

0)*-*'!/<'3cr01b>(Ua.

, •

Requirement

cg*4(0uO_j

037) ui ^ . w i < ^ . «

r .cnj•a•5LTIO5; *cr> ^

C °< 'T^ o< 1 -iirf 2< —a. u

1 c -J W ...

Meet

Air Quality "Haz Waste

and

Pelrole

Product Contamination Clean-up"

procedures. Prepare treatability st

udy pla

See Tank Treatment. Prepare groundwau

abatement plan.

0V»

5wt-»•»

Ols4>rffl} _.w 5

112 903 Q

f*~OfN-o^Ln

^ '-°m cn ^^ °< <:r^ o< 2 -1 -I*< —0. U

Prepare treatability st

udy plan S

ee Tank

Treatment.

c03N

.5mwi

r ~CT\>-N"O

TU1-0

£ cn ^~ °<s< *1 -> *> a<^ -3 U< - 5?a. u <

»__

See above

May need

Air Quality approva

VOCs

are treated

"oc0)Em *-Oi *>is T3c 5o o>-Q w^^2W w.

-o 3" 5

115 2< O<

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requirements

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