ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT FOR THE STRATEGIC...

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT FOR THE

STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

OF THE

DRAFT KILLARNEY MUNICIPAL DISTRICT

LOCAL AREA PLAN 2018-2024

AND THE

FOURTH VARIATION to the KILLARNEY TOWN

DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2009-2015

Environmental Assessment Unit Kerry County Council

County Buildings Rathass Tralee

Co. Kerry

May 2018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY ...................................................................................... IV

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1

1.1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................. 1 1.2. STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ...................................................................... 1 1.3. ARTICLE 6 OF THE HABITATS DIRECTIVE 92/43/EEC ......................................................... 2 1.4. STRATEGIC FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT (SFRA) ................................................................ 2 1.5. KILLARNEY MUNICIPAL DISTRICT LOCAL AREA PLAN .......................................................... 3 1.6. ER REPORT .................................................................................................................... 5

2. PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT ............................................................................ 8

2.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 8 2.2. THE NATIONAL PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT ..................................................................... 8 2.3. MUNICIPAL DISTRICT LOCAL AREA PLANS ....................................................................... 10 2.4. FOURTH VARIATION TO THE KILLARNEY TOWN DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2009-2015 .............. 11 2.5. KILLARNEY MUNICIPAL DISTRICT LOCAL AREA PLAN ........................................................ 11 2.6. OVERALL VISION AND STRATEGIC ISSUES IDENTIFIED IN THE KILLARNEY MD PLAN ........... 12

3. METHODOLOGY FOR THE SEA OF THE KILLARNEY MUNICIPAL DISTRICT LOCAL AREA PLAN/FOURTH VARIATION TO THE KTDP 2009-2015 ................... 20

3.1. GUIDANCE ..................................................................................................................... 20 3.2. KEY STAGES IN STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ............................................. 20 3.3. INTEGRATION OF THE MD LAP PLAN/FOURTH VARIATION, SEA, AA (NIR) AND SFRA ..... 23

4. ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS .................................................. 25

4.1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 25 4.2. DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................... 25 4.3. ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVES ..................................................................................... 27 4.4. ALTERNATIVE 1 .............................................................................................................. 28 4.5. ALTERNATIVE 2 .............................................................................................................. 29 4.6. ALTERNATIVE 3 .............................................................................................................. 30 4.7. ALTERNATIVE 4 .............................................................................................................. 31

5. STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT- EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE IN THE KILLARNEY MD AREA ...................................................................................... 32

5.1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 32 5.2. POPULATION AND HUMAN HEALTH - BASELINE ASSESSMENT ........................................... 33 5.3. BIODIVERSITY (FLORA/FAUNA) ....................................................................................... 37 5.1. GEOLOGY AND SOILS ..................................................................................................... 42 5.2. WATER .......................................................................................................................... 45 5.3. AIR QUALITY .................................................................................................................. 57 5.4. CLIMATIC FACTORS ........................................................................................................ 59 5.5. MATERIAL ASSETS ......................................................................................................... 62 5.6. CULTURAL HERITAGE ..................................................................................................... 64 5.7. LANDSCAPE ................................................................................................................... 67 5.8. INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ............................................ 67 5.9. EVOLUTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT WITHOUT THE MD LAP ............................... 68

6. PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVES, TARGETS AND INDICATORS FOR THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ..................................... 70

6.1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 70

6.2. DEVELOPMENT OF SEA ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS ............................... 70 6.3. DEVELOPMENT OF SEA INDICATORS ............................................................................... 70

7. LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT FROM THE KILLARNEY MD LAP/FOURTH VARIATION TO THE KTDP 2009-2015 .................. 75

7.1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 75 7.2. OBJECTIVES THAT HAVE POTENTIAL TO CONFLICT WITH EOS (SEE APPENDIX 2 FOR FURTHER

INFORMATION). .......................................................................................................................... 76 7.3. SCREENING OF ZONINGS WITHIN EACH SETTLEMENT OF THE MD PLAN. ............................. 81 7.4. SCREENING OF THE FOURTH VARIATION TO THE KTDP 2009-2015 ................................. 93

8. MITIGATION MEARURES .................................................................................. 98

8.1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 98 8.2. MITIGATION OF OBJECTIVES HIGHLIGHTED AS HAVING A POSSIBLE SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON

THE ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................................... 99 8.3. MITIGATION FOR PROPOSED ZONING IN MD LAP. ......................................................... 107 8.4. FOURTH VARIATION TO THE KILLARNEY TDP 2009-2015 .............................................. 127

9. MONITORING MEASURES .............................................................................. 130

9.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 130

10. NEXT STAGE .................................................................................................... 137

10.1. ER CONSULTATION .................................................................................................. 137

11. APPENDIX 1 RELEVANT INTERNATIONAL/NATIONAL P/PS ...................... 138

12. APPENDIX 2 OBJECTIVE LEVEL SCREENING FOR SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS 140

12.1. SECTIONS 2 AND 3 ................................................................................................... 141 12.2. SECTION 3.2 KILLARNEY .......................................................................................... 149 12.3. SECTION 3.3 CASTLEISLAND .................................................................................... 151 12.4. SECTION 3.4 BARRADUFF ......................................................................................... 156 12.5. SECTION 3.5 FARRANFORE ...................................................................................... 157 12.6. SECTION 3.6 FIERIES ............................................................................................... 158 12.7. SECTION 3.7 KILCUMMIN .......................................................................................... 159 12.8. SECTION 3.8 RATHMORE .......................................................................................... 160 12.9. SECTION 3.9 FOSSA ................................................................................................ 162 12.10. SECTION 3.10 GNEEVEGUILLA .................................................................................. 163 12.11. SECTION 3.11 SCARTAGLIN ...................................................................................... 163 12.12. SECTION 3.12 CURROW ........................................................................................... 164

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY

Chapter 1 Introduction Originating from the Local Government Reform Act 2014 the electoral structure of County Kerry now consists of four Municipal Districts (MDs) – Killarney, Tralee, Listowel and South West Kerry. The three former town councils of Tralee, Listowel and Killarney were abolished. Kerry County Council (KCC) as a Planning Authority (PA) has now a duty to make a Municipal District Local Area Plan (MD LAP) for each district. This is in accordance with the requirements and provisions of the Planning and Development Act 2000, as amended. KCC is now drafting the Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan (Killarney MD LAP). The main settlements of the Killarney MD LAP are listed below. The area includes the former Killarney Town Council administrative area. It is intended to adopt the Killarney MD LAP in 2018 and it will run for 6 years until 2024.

Hub Town Killarney

District Towns Castleisland

Villages Barraduff, Farranfore, Fieries, Kilcummin, Rathmore

Small Villages Fossa, Gneeveguilla, Scartaglin

Development Nodes Cordal, Currow

The Draft Local Area Plan for the Killarney Municipal District will replace previously adopted Local Area Plans: the Tralee/Killarney Hub FALAP 2013-2019, the Castleisland FALAP 2009-2015, South East Kerry Settlements LAP 2008-2014 and the Rathmore LAP 2007-2013. Given that the Killarney Town Development Plan dates from 2009, the Planning Authority has decided to incorporate and update where appropriate the land use zoning maps and associated policy objectives of the Killarney Town Development Plan (KTDP) 2009-2015 adopted by the former Town Council. The Town Development Plan will be varied to include the updated land use zonings and updated associated policy objectives. This report therefore relates to both the Killarney MD LAP and the fourth variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015. The LAP is being prepared by KCC to provide a statutory framework for the future growth, development and improvement of the Killarney MD area including Killarney town. This has to be consistent with the policies and objectives of the KCDP 2015-2021 including Chapter 3 - the Core Strategy/settlement strategy. All planning applications received within the MD will be measured against the contents of the MD LAP and the current Kerry County Development (KCDP) 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015. The Killarney LAP must be read in conjunction with the KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015 and any variation thereof. Unless otherwise stated KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015 policies, objectives and development management standards still apply to the area. The successful implementation of the plan will have a positive impact on the Municipal District, ensuring it develops in a sustainable manner. Taken in conjunction with the Regional Planning Guidelines for the South West 2010-2022 and the KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015, the Municipal District Local Area Plan will complete the planning framework for the area and complement the implementation of the policies and objectives contained in these higher-level plans. The context of the MD LAP within the broader planning framework is discussed in further detail in Section 2 of this report.

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is a systematic and effective process for ensuring that environmental issues are taken into account at every stage in the preparation, implementation, monitoring and review of plans, programmes and strategies. It is a process of evaluating the environmental consequences of a proposed policy, plan or programme (P/P). As noted, in this report the “plan” being screened is both the Killarney MD LAP and the fourth variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015. Pursuant to Article 14(B) of the Planning and Development (Strategic Environmental Assessment) Regulations 2004 (SI 436 2004), as amended in Regulations 2011, (S.I. No. 201 of 2011) and Article 9(1) of the European Communities (Environmental Assessment of Certain Plans and Programmes) Regulations 2004 (SI 435/2004), as amended in Regulation 2011, (S.I. No. 200 of 2011), KCC is required to carry out a SEA for LAPs further to thresholds listed in the above regulations. As the MD area exceeds those thresholds (5,000 persons or more) screening was therefore deemed unnecessary as a mandatory SEA was required. The SEA proceeded straight to scoping. The scoping process was subsequently outlined in a SEA Scoping Report produced in April 2017. It should also be noted that in addition to the SEA, the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation was assessed under Article 6 of the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC and was informed by the process where appropriate. A Natura Impact Report accompanies the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation. The MD LAP/4th variation was also subjected to a Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) which ran concurrently with the drafting of the MD LAP, the SEA and AA.

Chapter 2 Planning Policy Context The Municipal District Local Area Plan is part of a systematic hierarchy of land use plans and spatial plans including the recently published Project Ireland 2040 – National Planning Framework (Feb 2018) (NFP) superseding the National Spatial Strategy (NSS) 2002-2022, the Regional Planning Guidelines for the South-West 2010-2022 and the emerging Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy for the Southern Region and the Kerry County Development Plan 2015-2021. These plans provide a broad canvas to steer sustainable growth and prosperity of the region and County, through the formulation of public policy integrating land-use, transport, economic growth and investment. In particular, the recently published NFP recognises rural decline and to address it a significant proportion of national population and economic growth will be targeted at building up the fabric of smaller towns, villages and rural areas. Priority will be placed on renewing and developing existing built up areas rather than continual expansion and sprawl of cities and towns. The MD LAPs role is therefore to provide guidance as to how development can be achieved, what new developments are needed, where public and private resource inputs are required and guidance for development proposed in the plan area. In providing this statutory framework for the future growth, development and improvement of the MD area, the LAP must be consistent with the policies and objectives of the KCDP 2015-2021 including the Core strategy/settlement strategy as outlined in Chapter 3 of the KCDP. Other objectives to be included in the LAP will relate to the protection of specific natural and cultural heritage, protection of water quality, fisheries and other local quality of life provisions. However, several of these objectives are already addressed in the KCDP 2015-2021 and Town Development Plans, when appropriate (KTDP). This higher hierarchical policies, objectives and development management standards still apply to the MD area.

The MD plan is divided in two volumes. Volume 1 includes the main policy material - a written statement and relevant illustrative material including maps, diagrams and plans. The written statement has three sections. Section 1, outlines the local area plan, explains the background to the plan and core principles that have contributed to its preparation. Section 2 of the MD plan is the Local Area Strategy i.e. the overall strategic vision and development strategy for the MD as a whole, including growth and population targets for the settlements. Section 3 introduces the overall development principles for the MD settlements in three parts. Volume 2 contains various environmental assessments relating to the SEA, AA and SFRA of the plan. In addition to the MD LAP, it is proposed to vary the KTDP 2009-2015. The reason for the proposed variation is to include the population allocation and housing land requirement as contained in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021 into the KTDP 2009-2015 via the draft Killarney MD LAP 2018-2024.

Chapter 3 Methodology for the Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Killarney MD LAP/Fourth Variation to the KTDP 2009-2015 The Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015 reflects the requirements of SEA Directive 2001/42/EC on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment and Irish legislation through the SEA Regulations (S.I. No. 436 of 2004), as amended. Based on the requirements of legislation and guidance the SEA is carried out in a series of stages. The SEA is also informed by an assessment under Article 6 of the Habitats Directive (Section 1.3) and the Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (Section 1.4). The integration process is outlined below.

STAGES IN PLAN MAKING

PROCESS

PLAN SEA SFRA AA

Pre-review Preparation of Issues Papers

SEA mandatory for LAP/ screening not applicable

- -

Initial public consultation

Publication of (a) statutory notice of intention to make MD LAP/4th variation

Scoping of the Environmental Report, in consultation with environmental authorities noting SFRA to be undertaken

Notify consultees that an assessment under Art 6 will be undertaken

Preparation of Documentation

Preparation of draft plan

Preparation of Environmental Report. The process will be iterative, amendments will be made to the plan by SEA where required, and record made of same

Inform plan making process, will be iterative

An AA will be drafted in parallel with SEA and Plan. The process will be iterative, amendments will be made to the plan where required, and record made of same

Public consultation

Public display of draft plan and

Public display of ER/SFRA and consideration of

Public display AA and


PROCESS

PLAN SEA SFRA AA

consideration of submissions

submissions consideration of submissions

2nd public display (if required)

Display of any material amendment(s) to draft plan

Identify any significant environmental effects resulting from material amendments

Identify significant effects/ adverse effects on the site integrity on European sites resulting from material amendments

Completion of process

Adoption of plan Making specified information available in the form of a SEA Statement

Finalise SFRA

Provide information on the AA

Post-plan Adoption

Implementation Monitoring of significant environmental effects

Monitoring, if required/appropriate

The first stage in the SEA process was scoping - subsequently outlined in a SEA Scoping Report produced in April 2017. The report was sent to statutory and non-statutory consultees. The findings and comments received as part of the scoping process were included and are addressed in this ER.

The aim of this SEA ER is to now identify the likely significant effects on the environment as a result of implementing the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015, develop mitigation measures to reduce/remedy these impacts if required and identify monitoring procedures to monitor the impacts of the Plan. The Environmental Report is being made available at the same time as the draft MD LAP and consultation is taking place with the relevant authorities and the public prior to the documents being adopted. This Environmental Report complies with the requirements of the Directive 2001/42/EC on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment (the SEA Directive) as implemented in Ireland through the European Communities (Environmental Assessment of Certain Plans and Programmes) Regulations (S.I. No. 435 of 2004) and the Planning and Development (Strategic Environmental Assessment) Regulations 2004 (S.I. No. 436 of 2004), as amended.

Information in this ER is divided as follows:

Information to be included in an Environmental Report as defined in Schedule 2B of SI 436 of 2004

Relevant Chapter in this Environment Report

(a) an outline of the contents and main objectives of the plan and relationship with other relevant plans

Chapter 8

(b) the relevant aspects of the current state of the environment and the likely evolution thereof without implementation of the plan

Chapter 5

(c) the environmental characteristics of areas likely to be significantly affected

Chapter 5

(d) any existing environmental problems which are relevant to the plan including, in particular, those relating to any areas of a particular environmental importance, such as areas designated pursuant to the Birds Directive or Habitats Directive;

Chapter 5

(e) the environmental protection objectives, established at international, European Union or national level, which are relevant to the plan and the way those objectives and any environmental considerations have been taken into account during its preparation;

Chapter 6

(f) the likely significant effects on the environment, including on issues such as biodiversity, population, human health, fauna, flora, soil, water, air, climatic factors, material assets, cultural heritage including architectural and archaeological heritage, landscape and the interrelationship between the above factors

Chapter 7

(g) the measures envisaged to prevent, reduce and as fully as possible offset any significant adverse effects on the environment of implementing the plan;

Chapter 8

(h) an outline of the reasons for selecting the alternatives dealt with, and a description of how the assessment was undertaken including any difficulties (such as technical deficiencies or lack of know-how) encountered in compiling the required information

Chapter 4

(i) a description of the measures envisaged concerning monitoring of the significant environmental effects of implementation of the plan

Chapter 9

(j) A non-technical summary of the information provided under the above headings.

Non-technical summary.

Chapter 4 Alternative Development Scenarios The development and assessment of alternatives is a legal requirement under the SEA Directive. Alternatives most be realistic, reasonable, viable and implementable. In the context of this plan, the alternative scenarios to be considered are limited by the hierarchical policies/objectives. Scenarios can only relate to alternatives within the settlements which are allocated population growth as per the Core Strategy as previously assessed as part of the KCDP 2015-2021. Other limits on alternative options are outlined. Four alternatives are subsequently considered. To assess the likely significant impacts of each alternative on the environment, a matrix is used. The matrix assesses the alternatives against the established environmental objectives outlined in Chapter 6. Further to the assessment process Alternative 3 is deemed the preferred option.

Chapter 5 State of the Environment-Existing Environmental Baseline in the Killarney MD Area. This chapter includes an overview of the baseline environment of the MD area. As required this includes a description of the state of the environment at present; discussion of the key problems/ issues currently being faced in the area; and a description of the expected evolution of the environment should the plan not be implemented, i.e. in the absence of the plan. A brief description of the geographical setting of the plan area is included in Section 1.5 of this document. The key environmental baseline data for the LAP area is under the parameters outlined in Schedule 2B (f) of SI No 436/2004. They are:

• population/human health,

• biodiversity (flora, fauna),

• geology/soils,

• hydrology/hydrogeology,

• air quality/

• climatic factors,

• material assets

• cultural assets (architecture, archaeology),

• landscape, and

• the interrelationship between the above factors

Chapter 6 Proposed Environmental Objectives, Targets and Indicators for the Strategic Environmental Assessment SEA uses a combination of objectives, targets and indicators to describe and monitor change and predict impacts of proposed plans and programmes on the environment. Objectives and targets set aims and thresholds that should be taken into account when assessing the impact of proposed plans on the environment. The final determination of a potential set of indicators for this SEA was subject to review further to the SEA scoping with statutory consultees undertaken in April 2017 and was determined by the availability of existing data, relevance, monitoring programmes and the scale of application. They are summarised below in Table 1.

Chapter 7 Likely Significant effects on the Environment from the Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan/Fourth Variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 This section gives an overview of the likely significant effects of implementing the Killarney MD LAP /4th variation. It includes a detailed assessment of the individual policies and objectives contained in the plan including zonings proposed. By evaluating the detailed policies/objectives the likely significant effects of implementing the Killarney MD LAP /4th variation are identified and allows for mitigation measures to be incorporated to avoid, reduce, repair or compensate. Mitigations measures are discussed in more detailed in Chapter 8. In assessing the likely significant effects of the Killarney MD Plan the full range of effects as set out in Annex I of the SEA Directive are considered. The screening of the objectives/policies proposed in the Killarney MD plan are provided in Appendix 2. Those deemed likely to have a significant effect on the environment are specifically addressed in this Chapter. In addition to the objectives/polices, zonings and associated Opportunity sites proposed within the MD plan /4th variation are screened for possible significant effects.

Chapter 8 Mitigation Measures Mitigation measures for individual objectives and/or policies is provided in this chapter. In relation to mitigation, it should be noted that certain terminology has been already integrated into the plan to ensure protection of the environment. Sustainable/Sustainable development and/or the term sustainability imply adherence to the principles of protection of the environment further to the SEA/AA/SFRA processes. In addition, at appropriate locations and subject to environmental assessment are integrated into both objectives and/or policies that promote development. The terms, although not repeated in each objective, are nonetheless implicit. The principles of sustainable development underpin the plan and this is prefaced at the start of the document, specifically in Section 1.5. Finally, of relevance to this section is that the MD LAP /4th variation includes measures to protect the natural and cultural heritage and the social fabric of the county by ensuring that all policies and objectives must comply with the principles of proper planning and sustainable development and are compliant with the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 and/or the Kerry County Development Plan 2015-2021.

Chapter 9 Monitoring Measures Under Article 10 and Section (i) of Schedule 2B of the SEA Regulations, monitoring is required in order to identify at an early stage any unforeseen adverse effects caused by the Plan. Monitoring will focus on aspects of the environment that are likely to be significantly impacted by the Plan. Indicators and targets have been identified for the main environmental issues in the study area as outlined in Chapter 5. The indicators chosen are at a level, which is relevant to the Plan, and are collated and reported on by a variety of Government Agencies, such as EPA, OPW, NPWS and different sections within Kerry County Council. Much of the indicator information required is already being actively collected and reported at a level sufficient to meet the needs of this Plan. The frequency of monitoring is set by relevant legislation. Monitoring measures are summarised below in Table 1.

Chapter 10 Next Stage Ongoing consultation forms an integral part of the SEA methodology. Signed submissions, observations or comments on this ER are welcomed and should be forwarded to the Planning Department of Kerry County Council at the address given below and should be marked “Submission on SEA ER Report for the Killarney MD LAP 2018-2024/Fourth Variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015”.

Senior Planner, Planning Policy Unit, Planning Department, Kerry County Council, County Buildings, Rathass, Tralee.

Submissions will also be accepted by email to the following email address only: [email protected]

Submissions may be made during the period from Thursday 3rd May 2018 until Friday 15th June 2018.

Table 1: EOs and associated Targets, Indicators and Monitoring used in this SEA.

SEA Topic Objective Target Indicators Monitoring Data Available

& Who/Where Population P1: Guide the future

development of the MD area in a sustainable manner that reflects the existing character and amenities of the area and improves the quality of life for the existing and future populations.

That populations in the MD area have access to high quality residential, amenity and public infrastructure with sustainable travel patterns

• Provision of public facilities over lifetime of the plan – amenity, recreational/green infrastructure

• Design statements/public realm plans undertaken

• Village Renewal schemes/projects undertaken

• Master Plans completed

• Travel patterns within MD area

• Population of settlements over lifetime of MD LAP

• % of new/proposed residential zoning developed including within town/village cores

• Social Housing provided

• Quantity of brownfield/infill sites developed over lifetime of the plan.

• Development of Opportunity/regeneration sites identified Killarney, Castleisland and Fieries.

Yes – information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; MD office/r, KCC; Capital Infrastructure Unit (CIU), KCC; Irish Water and CSO data.

Human Health HH1: Protect the public from threats to health and wellbeing across the functions of relevance to the MD LAP

That the quality of the local environment that is governed by the MD LAP protects the health and wellbeing of the population

• As above – equally applicable to human health

• Compliance with existing legislation/regulations/conditions for relevant licences,

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic

SEA Topic Objective Target Indicators Monitoring Data Available & Who/Where

permits etc for discharges noise, odour and/or air quality

• Health Impact Assessments/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning applications

Development Unit) KCC; MD office/r, KCC; Capital Infrastructure Unit (CIU), KCC; Irish Water and CSO data. Also, Enforcement & Environment Sections KCC/EPA

Biodiversity (Flora/Fauna)

B1: Protect biodiversity including ecosystem services

That biodiversity is integrated into all decision making across the functions of the MD LAP

• Sustainable integration/provision of green infrastructure and blueways

• Compliance of plans/projects/activities originating from the MD plan with Article 6 of the Habitats Directive

• Compliance with existing legislation/regulations/conditions for relevant licences, permits etc for discharges

• Landscaping plans for developments – native species/ecological networks/planting for pollinators

• Ecological reports submitted with planning applications

• Invasive species management plans

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; Environmental Assessment Unit (EAU); MD office/r; Irish Water. Also, Enforcement & Environment Sections KCC/EPA IFI and NPWS data also available.

Geology/Soil S1: Protect soils against pollution, and prevent degradation of the soil resource

That the soil/geology and the geological heritage of the MD LAP area is protected

• % change of land use in settlements in the plan area

• Impacts to GSC sites from development

• Quantity of brownfield/infill

Yes - information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC.


sites developed

• Development of Opportunity/regeneration sites identified in Killarney and Castleisland town

• Geological reports/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning applications.

GSI data also available.

Water W1: Ensure that the status of waterbodies is protected, maintained and improved in line with the requirements and implementation plans of the WFD

That the functions governed by the MD LAP support compliance with the objectives of the WFD for all waterbodies within the LAP, especially AFAs


• Relevant reporting from the WFD including reporting on AFAs identified in the plan


• Water/hydrogeology reports/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning applications

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; Environmental Assessment Unit (EAU) and Irish Water. Also, Enforcement & Environment Sections KCC/EPA Also, data available from WFD/LAWCO/EPA IFI and NPWS data also available.

Air Quality AQ1: Protect local air quality from emissions that are harmful to human health and the local environment

That the quality of the local environment governed by the functions of the MD LAP protects local air quality

• Compliance with existing legislation/regulations/conditions for air quality

• Traffic patterns within the MD Area

• Integration/provision of green infrastructure

• % of new/proposed residential zoning developed

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC. Also, Enforcement & Environment Sections KCC/EPA


including within town/village cores

• Quantity of brownfield/infill sites developed

• Development of Opportunity/regeneration sites identified Killarney, Castleisland and Fieries

• Air quality/emissions/odour reports/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning applications

Climatic Factors C1: Ensure the integration of Climate action - mitigation and adaption in to MD LAP

That mitigation and adaptation to climate change inform the functions/decision making governed by the MD LAP




• FRA reports undertaken

• Implementation of SuDS & similar technologies

• Integration/provision of green & blue infrastructure



• Renewable energy projects

• Impacts on natural carbon

Yes- as above


sink (eg peat soil)

• Provision of greenways/walksways/cycleways

Material Assets M1: Protect the material assets of the MD LAP while optimising new assets to match proposed growth and sustainable development.

That the MD LAP promotes sustainable development that matches existing and new infrastructure with the proposed population growth in the MD area.

• Completion of infrastructure projects identified in the MD LAP

• Growth in settlements with sufficient waste water infrastructure as per the Core Strategy

• Hubs/co-working offices linked to the roll out of National Broadband Plan


• Master plans completed

• Quantity of brownfield/infill sites developed.


Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; MD office/r; Broadband Officer, KCC; Operational Section, KCC, KCC NRDO; Irish Water and CSO.

Cultural Heritage CH1: Protect the cultural heritage of MD LAP area

That protection of the LAP’s cultural heritage informs the functions/decision making of the MD LAP.




• Archaeological Impact Assessments, and/or

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; Environmental Assessment Unit (EAU); MD office/r; Conservation Officer and


archaeological investigations undertaken

• Architectural Impact Assessments/Surveys undertaken for PS/ACAs

• Visitor numbers for iconic cultural heritage sites including WAW.

• Number of literary, musical, artistic and other cultural initiatives undertaken in the MD Area

County Archaeologist, KCC. Also, Tourism Office, Arts Office, KCC and date from Failte Ireland/OPW/NPWS/KCC and Failte Ireland WAW monitoring data.

Landscape L1 Protect the landscape of the MD LAP area

That landscapes identified in the MD area, including local urban townscapes and streetscapes, are protected and enhanced by good design principles.



• Visual Impact Assessments/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning applications

• Architectural Impact Assessments undertaken for PS/ACAs

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; Conservation Officer, KCC.

Flooding F1 Protect the public and infrastructure from inappropriate development in areas at risk of flooding

That sustainable flood risk management practices are implemented in the MD LAP area in adherence to DOEHLG’s Guidelines on Flood Risk Management

• Flood Risk Assessment reports submitted with planning applications in compliance with the SFRA


• Integration/provision of green & blue infrastructure over the lifetime of the plan

Yes- information available from Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC. Also, CFRAM data and OPW.

1

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background

Originating from the Local Government Reform Act 2014 the electoral structure of County Kerry now consists of four Municipal Districts (MDs) – Killarney, Tralee, Listowel and South West Kerry. The three former town councils of Tralee, Listowel and Killarney were abolished. Kerry County Council (KCC) as a Planning Authority (PA) has now a duty to make a Municipal District Local Area Plan (MD LAP) for each district. This is in accordance with the requirements and provisions of the Planning and Development Act 2000, as amended. Sections 18 and 20 of the Planning and Development Act 2000, as amended, dictates what is to be contained in a LAP. Briefly, the purpose of the LAP is to set out a comprehensive local planning framework with clear policies and objectives for the MD area. This includes land use zoning as appropriate for each town and village in the MD. KCC is now drafting the Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan (Killarney MD LAP). The area and main settlements of the Killarney MD LAP are listed in Table 1-1 and shown in Figure 1-1 & Figure 1-2. The area includes the former Killarney Town Council administrative area. It is intended to adopt the Killarney MD LAP in 2018 and it will run for 6 years until 2024. Table 1-1 Settlement Hierarchy in the Kerry County Development Plan 2012-2021

Hub Town Killarney

District Towns Castleisland

Villages Barraduff, Farranfore, Fieries, Kilcummin, Rathmore

Small Villages Fossa, Gneeveguilla, Scartaglin

Development Nodes Cordal, Currow

The Local Area Plan for the Killarney Municipal District will replace previously adopted Local Area Plans, namely the Tralee/Killarney Hub FALAP 2013-2019, the Castleisland FALAP 2009-2015, South East Kerry Settlements LAP 2008-2014 and the Rathmore LAP 2007-2013. The Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 (KTDP) has been extended pursuant to Section 11 of the Planning and Development Act 2000-2017 and remains the statutory planning policy framework for Killarney town. The Planning Authority has decided to incorporate and update where appropriate the land use zoning maps and associated policy objectives of the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 adopted by the former Town Council. The Town Development Plan will thus be varied to include the updated land use zonings and updated associated policy objectives. This report therefore relates to both the MD LAP and the fourth variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015.

1.2. Strategic Environmental Assessment

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is a systematic and effective process for ensuring that environmental issues are taken into account at every stage in the preparation, implementation, monitoring and review of plans, programmes and strategies. It is a process of evaluating the environmental consequences of a proposed policy, plan or programme (P/P). It should be noted that in this report the “plan” being screened is both the Killarney MD LAP and the fourth variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015. SEA is governed by the European Directive 2001/42/EC on the Assessment of the Effects of Certain Plans and Programmes (P/P) on the Environment (commonly known as the SEA Directive). It was transposed into Irish legislation by the European Communities

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(Environmental Assessment of Certain Plans and Programmes) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 435/2004), amended in Regulations 2011 (S.I. No 200 of 2011) and the Planning and Development (Strategic Environmental Assessment Regulations 2004 (SI 436/2004), amended in Regulations 2011 (S.I. No 201 of 2011) and Planning and Development (Amendment) Regulations 2011 (SI 262 of 2011). The SEA process consists of a series of steps or stages which are:

• Screening of P/P to establish whether it must undergo an SEA;

• Scoping of the details to be provided in the Environmental Report (ER), in consultation with environmental authorities;

• The Environmental Report (ER) containing the findings of the assessment on the likely significant effects on the environment of the P/P;

• Consultation on the Draft Plan and associated Environmental Report;

• An SEA Statement - identifying how environmental considerations and consultations have been integrated into the Final Plan; and

• Monitoring Programme of the significant environmental effects of the P/P.

Pursuant to Article 14(B) of the Planning and Development (Strategic Environmental Assessment) Regulations 2004 (SI 436 2004), as amended in Regulations 2011, (S.I. No. 201 of 2011) and Article 9(1) of the European Communities (Environmental Assessment of Certain Plans and Programmes) Regulations 2004 (SI 435/2004), as amended in Regulation 2011, (S.I. No. 200 of 2011), KCC is required to carry out a SEA for LAPs further to thresholds listed in the above regulations. As the Killarney MD area exceeds those thresholds (5,000 persons or more) screening was therefore deemed unnecessary as a mandatory SEA was required. The SEA proceeded straight to scoping. The Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 has been extended pursuant to Section 11 of the Planning and Development Act 2000-2017 and remains the statutory planning policy framework for Killarney town. The Planning Authority has decided to incorporate and update where appropriate the land use zoning maps and associated policy objectives of the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 adopted by the former Town Council. The Town Development Plan will be varied to include the updated land use zonings and updated associated policy objectives. As noted this report relates to both the MD LAP and fourth variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan and should be read as the same for the remainder of this report. The scoping process was outlined in a SEA Scoping Report produced in April 2017. The scoping report was sent to statutory consultees as required under aforementioned regulations. Comments received, discussed further below, have informed this report which is the next stage in the SEA process – the Environmental Report (ER) of the Killarney MD plan /4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015.

1.3. Article 6 of the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC

It should also be noted that in addition to the SEA, the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation was assessed under Article 6 of the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC and was informed by the process where appropriate. A Natura Impact Report accompanies the Killarney LAP/4th variation.

1.4. Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA)

The Killarney MD LAP/4th variation was also subjected to a SFRA which ran concurrently with the drafting of the MD LAP, the SEA and AA. The SFRA is essentially an assessment of the flood risk of MD area and is being prepared in accordance with requirements of the DoEHLG and OPW Planning 2009 Guidelines ‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management’. The purpose of a SFRA under the DEHLG (2009) guidelines is, "to provide a broad (area-wide)

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assessment of all types of flood risk to inform strategic land-use planning decisions. SFRAs enable the Local Authority to undertake the sequential approach, including the Justification Test, allocate appropriate sites for development and identify how flood risk can be reduced as part of the development plan process." One of the key outcomes of a SFRA is therefore to inform policy formulation and any land zoning decisions. In the case of the Killarney MD LAP, the plan zoning decisions are specifically informed by the SFRA. The SFRA also provides guidance to ensure sustainable flood risk management principles underpin planning decision-making in the LAP over its lifetime.

1.5. Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan

1.5.1. Killarney Municipal District LAP Geographical Area The area incorporated into the Killarney MD LAP is illustrated in Figure 1-1. The principal town in the Municipal District is Killarney with Castleisland identified as a district town. The municipal district includes the settlements outlined in Table 1-1 and illustrated in Figure 1-2.

1.5.2. Purpose of the Killarney Municipal District LAP The LAP is being prepared by KCC to provide a statutory framework for the future growth, development and improvement of the Killarney MD area. This has to be consistent with the policies and objectives of Chapter 3 in the KCDP 2015-2021 namely the Core strategy/settlement strategy. The MD LAP is the principal statutory planning instrument for setting out a balanced understanding, vision and spatial strategies at the local level. The purpose of the LAP is to guide future plan led coordinated development within the towns and villages of the Killarney MD. This is to be undertaken in a sustainable and equitable manner while balancing the wide ranging and sometimes competing needs of the local community, businesses, landowners and the environment. It functions to inform members of the public, the local community, stakeholders and developers of the policies and objectives for the development of this area. It includes provisions in relation to land use management, community facilities and amenities, transport and infrastructure, urban design, heritage and the environment. The MD LAP provides guidance as to how the development can be achieved, what new developments are needed, where public and private resource inputs are required and guidance for development proposed in the plan area.

1.5.3. Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 and the Fourth Variation As stated the Local Area Plan for the Killarney Municipal District will replace previously adopted Local Area Plans. In addition, the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 has been extended pursuant to Section 11 of the Planning and Development Act 2000-2017 and remains the statutory planning policy framework for Killarney town. The Planning Authority has decided to incorporate and update where appropriate the land use zoning maps and associated policy objectives of the Killarney Town Development Plan (KTDP) 2009-2015 adopted by the former Town Council. The Town Development Plan will therefore be varied (for the fourth time) to include the updated land use zonings and updated associated policy objectives. The Draft Plan has been prepared in accordance with the Planning and Development Acts and will be made available to the public for consultation. Any comments and observations received as part of the either the LAP or variation will be taken into account prior to the adoption of the MD LAP/4th variation. Once adopted all planning applications received within the Killarney MD will be measured against the contents of the MD LAP, the current KCDP 2015-2021 and KTDP 2009-2015. The Killarney MD LAP must be read in conjunction with the KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015 and any variations thereof. Unless otherwise stated, KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015 policies,

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objectives and development management standards still apply to the area. The successful implementation of the LAP will have a positive impact on the Killarney Municipal District, ensuring it develops in a sustainable manner. Taken in conjunction with the Regional Planning Guidelines for the South West 2010-2022 (the emerging Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy for the Southern Region) and the KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015, the Municipal District Local Area Plan will complete the planning framework for the area. The context of the Killarney MD LAP within the broader planning framework is discussed in detail in Section 2.

1.5.4. Drafting the Killarney Municipal District LAP In December 2016 notice, pursuant to Section 20(1) of the Planning & Development Act 2000 (as amended) was given that KCC as the PA had commenced the process of preparing a LAP for the Killarney MD covering the area as identified in Figure 1-1. Submissions or observations on issues to be considered in the preparation of the Killarney MD LAP were invited from members of the public and other interested parties. It was also noted that the former Killarney town Council administrative area forms part of the MD LAP review. Further to this notice 43 submissions were received. Submissions were received from TII, Irish Water, the EPA and the Department of Arts, Heritage, Regional, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs (DAHRRGA). These submissions also informed the SEA Scoping Report issued in April 2017. 1.5.4.1. Contents of the Draft Killarney Municipal District LAP The Plan consists of two volumes. Volume one main policy material includes both a written statement and relevant illustrative material including maps, diagrams and plans. There are three main sections:

• Section 1: Introduction: This section outlines the local area plan, explains the background to the plan and core principles that have contributed to its preparation.

• Section 2: Local Area Strategy: This section sets out the overall strategic vision and development strategy for the Municipal District as a whole, including growth and population targets for the settlements. The Myplan zoning classification is also set out in this section.

• Section 3: Settlements o Part A: Introduction to settlements: This section introduces the overall

development principles for the MD settlements. o Part B: This section sets out the planning proposals for the main towns of the

Killarney Municipal District, namely Killarney and Castleisland. Zoning maps for the settlements are also included in this section.

o Part C: Key District Towns/Villages: This section sets out the planning proposals for the remaining key settlements in the Killarney Municipal District: Barraduff, Farranfore, Fieries, Kilcummin, Rathmore, Fossa, Gneeveguilla, Scartaglin, Cordal, Currow and Currans. Each settlement is accompanied by a zoning/objective map.

Volume Two: contains environmental Reports includes the SEA (Strategic Environmental Assessment) Environmental Report (ER) including the Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) and the Natura Impact Report (NIR). A more detailed description of the MD LAP/fourth variation is provided in Section 2.

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1.6. ER Report The remainder of this report is structured as follows: Section Heading 2 Planning Policy Context 3 Methodology for the SEA of the Killarney MD LAP /4th variation 4 Alternative Development Scenarios 5 State of the Environment – Existing Environmental Baseline in the Killarney MD

Area 6 Proposed Environmental Objectives, Targets and Indicators for the SEA 7 Likely Significant Effects on the Environment from the Killarney MD LAP/4th

Variation 8 Mitigation Measures 9 Monitoring Measures 10 Next Stage

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Figure 1-1 Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan area within County Kerry

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Figure 1-2 Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan area showing main settlements/development nodes

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2. PLANNING POLICY CONTEXT

2.1. Introduction

The Killarney MD LAP is located within a clear hierarchy of spatial planning policy. This hierarchy of strategies, policies, plans follows a format which commences with high level International and/or EU documents linking progressively downwards into the site specific local plans and policies. This is illustrated in Figure 2-1 below. A MD LAP must therefore adhere to policy and strategic options which are pre-determined by higher level plans. Relevant international and national policies, plans and programmes are set out in Appendix 1. The SEA Directive requires that the SEA process include an assessment of other Plans/Programmes (P/Ps) related to the P/P being assessed (Annex I (a) and Schedule 2B of S.I. 436 of 2004). As part of the SEA process the Killarney MD LAP is established with regard to other plans and programmes that have been adopted at International, European, National and Regional level. The purpose of this review is to take into consideration the legislative and policy framework within which the Killarney MD LAP sits and must conform.

2.2. The National Planning Policy Context

The Municipal District Local Area Plan is part of a systematic hierarchy of land use plans and spatial plans including the recently published Project Ireland 2040 – National Planning Framework (Feb 2018) (NFP) superseding the National Spatial Strategy (NSS) 2002-2022, the Regional Planning Guidelines for the South-West 2010-2022 and the emerging Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy for the Southern Region and the Kerry County Development Plan 2015-2021 as shown in Figure 2.1. These plans provide a broad canvas to steer sustainable growth and prosperity of the region and County, through the formulation of public policy integrating land-use, transport, economic growth and investment. As shown in Figure 2.1 MD LAPs are located towards the end of the overall spatial planning decision making hierarchy. The Municipal District Local Area Plan are therefore guided by the National Strategic Outcomes of the NFP including the following Shared Goals:

1. Compact Growth 2. Enhanced Regional Accessibility 3. Strengthened Rural Economies and Communities 4. Sustainable Mobility 5. A Strong Economy, supported by Enterprise, Innovation and Skills 6. High-Quality International Connectivity 7. Enhanced Amenities and Heritage 8. Transition to a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Society 9. A Sustainable Management of Water, Waste and other Environmental Resources 10. Access to Quality Childcare, Education and Health Services

The NFP recognises rural decline and to address it a significant proportion of national population and economic growth will be targeted at building up the fabric of smaller towns, villages and rural areas. An emphasis will be placed on redeveloping derelict and under-utilised lands inside small towns and villages. Priority will be placed on renewing and developing existing built up areas rather than continual expansion and sprawl of cities and towns.

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Figure 2-1 Diagrammatic flow chart illustrating the hierarchical relationship between the Local Area Plan and the wider spatial context of land use and spatial plans The population growth targets for settlements outside the regional cities will be set by the Regional Spatial and Economic Strategies. Given the strategic importance of Killarney and Castleisland as two major centres of the M.D. region and the potential of these settlements to develop, a target of at least 30% of new housing should be delivered within the built up area of Killarney and Castleisland and 15% in the towns of Barraduff, Farranfore, Fieries, Kilcummin and Rathmore. In addition to the above, all Local Area Plan’s policies and objectives are informed by best practices and national planning guidance including Ministerial Guidelines published pursuant to Section 28 of the Planning and Development Act 2000, as amended. Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), Appropriate Assessment (AA) and the Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) all inform the preparation of Municipal District Plans through an ongoing iterative process from drafting through to the final adoption of the plan.

2.2.1. Local Economic and Community Plan (LECP) 2016-2022 Further to the Local Government Reform Act 2014 and Putting People First: Action Programme for Effective Local Government, economic, social and community development has become a key role of Local Government. The main vehicle to achieve the aims of this policy is the Local Economic and Community Plan (LECP). LECPs not sit alongside the County Development Plans (CDPs) providing a stronger and clearer role for local government in economic and community development. This framework underpins the vision set out in the Action Programme for Effective Local Government.

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The Kerry LECP was published by KCC in 2016. It sets out the objectives and actions needed to promote and support the sustainable economic and local community development of the County from 2016 to 2022. The aim is to focus the role of Local Government, State Agencies, Community Sector, Local Development Groups and other bodies that are involved in the development of County Kerry in a coherent manner. The LECP is guided by the Local Community Development Committee in co-operation with the Economic Development and Enterprise Strategic Policy Committee of KCC. The LECP is consistent with the KCDP Core Strategy and the Regional Planning Guidelines. The Killarney MD LAP is below the LECP and will be led by several of the policies and objectives of this strategic overarching plan. In effect, the KLECP 2016-2022 and KCDP 2015-2021 will be two key documents that will significantly influence the Killarney MD LAP.

2.2.2. Action Plan for Jobs for the South-West Region. This Action Plan has been developed through a series of consultations with stakeholders in the region, identifying particular strengths and opportunities in the South West. Like the National Action Plan for Jobs, the Plan for the South West sets out a series of commitments on the part of public bodies, complemented by some actions from the private sector, which will support enterprise growth and job creation.

2.3. Municipal District Local Area Plans

As shown in Figure 2.1 the MD LAP at its tier of decision making will influence a range of locally led environmental issues within the geographical range of the plan area. In order to develop policies and objectives that are appropriate to the needs and future potential of the settlements identified within the municipal district area, Municipal District Local Area Plans are framed by the overall development strategy outlined in the settlement hierarchy set out in Chapter 3 of the Kerry County Development Plan 2015-2021. The KCDP in turn has been influenced by the aforementioned national and regional strategies.

Specific information to be provided in a LAP is governed by Section 18-20 of the Planning and Development Act (as amended). It includes: (a) objectives for the zoning of land for the use solely or primarily of particular areas for particular purposes, or (b) such other objectives in such detail as may be determined by the planning authority for the proper planning and sustainable development of the area to which it applies, including the objective of development of land on a phased basis and detail on community facilities and amenities and on standards for the design of developments and structures. The MD LAPs provide guidance as to how development can be achieved, what new developments are needed, where public and private resource inputs are required and guidance for development proposed in the plan area. In providing this statutory framework for the future growth, development and improvement of the MD area, the LAP must be consistent with the policies and objectives of the KCDP 2015-2021 including the Core strategy/settlement strategy as outlined in Chapter 3 of the KCDP. Other objectives to be included in the LAP will relate to the protection of specific natural and cultural heritage, protection of water quality, fisheries and other local quality of life provisions. However, several of these objectives are already addressed in the KCDP 2015-2021 and Town Development Plans, when appropriate (KTDP). These higher hierarchical policies, objectives and development management standards still apply to the MD area. The MD LAPs build on previous land use plans. They take into account recent key development trends and national, regional and local policy developments such as reform of the local government and abolition of the Town Councils, the establishment of Irish Water, the

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national CFRAM programme, introduction of the Urban Regeneration and Housing Act 2015, which provides for the inclusion in Local Area Plans of objectives for the development and renewal of areas identified as being in need of regeneration, vacant sites register and housing supply issues. Local Area Plans are being prepared within the context of continuing high rates of development in rural areas with low growth rates recorded for the main towns and villages of the municipal district.

2.4. Fourth Variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 The Planning and Development (Amendment) Act 2010 amends Section 10 of the Principal Act by introducing the requirement of a “Core Strategy that shall show that the development objectives in the development plan are consistent, as far as practicable, with national and regional development objectives set out in the National Spatial Strategy and Regional Planning Guidelines”. Section 19 (2B) of the 2010 Act indicates the need to analyse adopted plans for their consistency with the Core Strategy. Where inconsistencies exist, planning authorities are required to vary/amend their plans accordingly. Therefore, the reason for the Proposed Variation No. 4 to the KTDP 2009-2015 is to include the population allocation and housing land requirement as contained in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021. This is being undertaken via the draft Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan 2018-2024. This Variation addresses the following issues: 1. Draft Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan 2018-2024 2. The Core Strategy (as contained in the draft Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan 2018-2024) 3. Flood Risk Management Guidelines & Strategic Flood Risk Assessment 4. Killarney town Traffic Model/Traffic Management Study 2016 5. Kerry Tourism Strategy 2016 6. Local Economic & Community Plan 2016 7. Myplan, General Zone Types (GZTs) classification scheme It also makes amendments and updates to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 as required. There are 31 proposed revisions to the KTDP further to the fourth variation. The revisions are screened as part of this ER report.

2.5. Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan The area incorporated into the Killarney MD LAP is illustrated in Figure 1-1. The principal town in the MD is Killarney with Castleisland identified as a district town. The other settlements are outlined in Table 1-1. The MD plan is physically divided in two volumes. Volume 1 includes the

main policy material - a written statement and relevant illustrative material including maps, diagrams and plans. The written statement has three sections. Section 1, summarised above, outlines the local area plan, explains the background to the plan and core principles that have contributed to its preparation. Section 2 of the MD plan is the Local Area Strategy i.e. the overall strategic vision and development strategy for the MD as a whole, including growth and population targets for the settlements. Section 3 introduces the overall development principles for the MD settlements in three parts. Volume 2 contains various environmental assessments relating to the SEA, AA and SFRA of the plan. The Killarney MD plan is discussed in more detail below.

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2.6. Overall Vision and Strategic Issues Identified in the Killarney MD Plan The Killarney MD LAP’s presents a key vision for the MD as follows:

In aiming to achieve this vision a number of key strategic issues for the area have been identified. They are detailed in Section 2.1.3 of the plan and are listed in brief below:

• The reinforcement of the social and economic strength of the area,

• To zone sufficient land to meet housing demands

• The increase in connectivity of the municipal district

• To build a sustainable tourism future

• To create a knowledge cluster and service design innovation hub

• Provide opportunities for residential development to cater for all sectoral demands in the municipal district

• The establishment of the region as a preferred destination for FDI,

• The development of the technological capacity within the area, and

• The sustainable management of the land resource in the Municipal District settlements, and

2.6.1. Overall Development Strategy of the Killarney MD The overall development strategy of the MD is outlined in Section 2.1.4 of the plan. It recognises the importance of the growth of the towns and villages identified in the settlement hierarchy of the KCDP 2015-2021 in achieving the aims and objectives of the MD plan. This is a major challenge for the MD, particularly as rural areas outside of settlements have continued to attract a strong demand for one off rural type housing. The impact of low growth rates for the main towns and villages and the longer term social, economic physical and environmental implications for the Killarney Municipal District are highlighted. The development and sustaining of a critical population mass is identified as vital to the sustainability of the settlements in the Killarney Municipal District. It is the aim of the settlement strategy as set out in section 3.1 of the KCDP 2015-2021 that:

o Emphasis will be on the growth of the main settlements of Killarney, Castleisland, Barraduff, Farranfore, Fieries, Kilcummin and Rathmore as the principal location for future investment in housing, employment, infrastructure, social and community facilities.

o Lands will be identified for future development that will meet the planned requirements for each main town and offer a reasonable choice of location to those intending on carrying out development.

o KCC will promote the role of the town/village centre as the preferred location for future residential and retail development. In line with this, priority will be given to the regeneration and renewal of the Municipal District’s towns, villages and rural nodes, in order to support vibrant and strengthened communities, and drivers of economic growth.

o The provision of housing and zoning of lands is dependent on capital expenditure and infrastructure, hence the concentration of zoned lands in Killarney, Castleisland, Barraduff, Farranfore, Fieries, Kilcummin and Rathmore.

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The MD plan envisages that the development of these settlements will allow for the provision of local services, by encouraging and facilitating population growth at a scale, layout and design that reflects the character of those settlements, where water services infrastructure is likely to be available or there are plans in place to develop such infrastructure. Strategic development objectives are listed in the plan to further this aim.

2.6.2. Summary of the Killarney MD LAP Section 2.2-Section 2.6 of the Killarney MD plan proceeds to provide background information on the MD under the headings of Population and Housing; Employment and Economic Activity; Infrastructure, Environment and Heritage and Rural areas. The Myplan zoning classification used in the plan is also set out in this section (Section 2.7). Key points from these sections of the MD plan are summarised below.

2.6.2.1. Section 2.2: Population and Housing Population figures from 2016 census indicate that overall County Kerry has seen a low population increase at 1.5% since the last census in 2011. This low increase is broadly in line with what was estimated and set out in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021. The population of the entire Killarney Municipal District Area in 2016 was 39,935 persons. The MD has seen the largest increase in population of all the Municipal Districts between 2011-2016, an increase of 5% (Table 2-1). Table 2-1 Population Growth for each MD in the county 2011-2016 and Projected Growth 2015-2021

Municipal District

Population 2011 Population 2016 2011-2016 Change

Core Strategy 2015-2021 Projected Growth

Tralee 40,051 39,747 -0.8% 3,480

Killarney 38,040 39,935 5.0% 2,525

Listowel 28,538 28,418 -0.4% 890

South/West 38,873 39,607 1.9% 1,213

Total 8,108

Killarney Town recorded the largest increase in population of all the settlements in the MD from 13,760 in 2011 to 15,312 in 2016. This indicates an 11.3% increase. (The number of visitors to the town is likely to have influenced this figure). Of the remaining settlements in the Municipal District, Kilcummin and Fieries experienced the largest increase with 18.21% and 13.65% increases recorded respectively. Castleisland experienced a population decline over the census period at -1.07%. Rathmore recorded a low rate of increase at 1.54% while the population for Gneeveguilla remained unchanged. The significant increase in population recorded for both Kilcummin and Fieries reflects their attractiveness as a cheaper housing alternative relative to Killlarney, particularly for young couples and families. Over the corresponding census period from 2011 to 2016 a significant number of rural development in the form of one off rural housing has also taken place. Comparative analysis of GeoDirectory residential address database from 2011 to that of 2016 highlights the level of development in Killarney Municipal District. Research highlighted in the MD plan indicates the location of new residential development from 2011 – 2017. Some 646 additional points have been added in this 6 year period. Of these 87% are located in the rural area of the MD. This implies development outside of the boundary of the settlements in the plan area.

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A key objective of the KCDP 2015-2021 is to strengthen the urban structure of the hub towns of Tralee and Killarney. To meet this aim, the key objective of the Killarney MD LAP is to therefore consolidate the core strategy by focusing projected population growth, over the lifetime of the plan into specific settlements1 – namely Killarney and Castleisland, along with Barraduff, Farranfore, Fieries, Kilcummin and Rathmore (Table 2-2). Table 2-2 Population allocation for Killarney MD as outlined in the Core Strategy of KCDP 2015-2021

Municipal District Settlements Population Allocation 2015-2021

Housing Requirement

Killarney

Killarney 1,781 685

Castleisland 237 91

Rathmore 74 28

Fieries 46 18

Barraduff 35 15

Kilcummin 35 13

Farranfore 19 7

Total 2227 857

Rural 298 115

2.6.2.2. Section 2.3: Employment and Economic Activity The unemployment rate in the Killarney MD is the lowest of the MDs in the county. There was a significant reduction in the unemployment rate between 2011-2016 (50%). This was the highest seen in all the MDs. For those employed, Killarney MD is higher than the county average for Manufacturing Industries. This reflects the presence of Liebherr near Killarney and other manufacturing industries located in the surrounding area. Over half of the total jobs in Killarney are in the wholesale, retail trade, transportation and storage, accommodation and food service activities sector. This reflects the importance of tourism to the town. Records for Castleisland indicate a more diverse profile of jobs in the various sectors with the majority of Rathmore’s jobs in wholefood, retail trade, transportation and storage, accommodation and food serve activities. Research presented in the MD plan indicates that the hub town of Killarney (and Tralee) have a positive commuting balance. This implies the towns are providing employment to the surrounding rural areas. Research indicates both Killarney and Castleisland have a positive commuting balance. Rathmore has a negative commuting balance implying that people are travelling from Rathmore to employment elsewhere. In particular, Killarney has an extensive commuter zone. It attracts commuters from all over Kerry. Its most defined commuter zone extends eastwards from the town towards Rathmore including the settlements in between. The commuter zone to the west of Killarney is also well defined as far as Killorglin. It is also clear from research that the areas surrounding the town have stronger relationships than those to the northeast and south. The plan specifically recognises the key role of tourism for the MD area. It highlights Killarney town in particular for its position as one of the main tourist attractions, at a county and National level, for overseas and domestic visitors. The LAP acknowledges seasonality, access, visitor experience and price as key considerations and the importance of building a sustainable tourism future.

1 See Section 2.2 of Killarney MD LAP 2018-2024.

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The plan particularly recognises that towns and villages play a critical role in the overall socio-economic, environmental, cultural growth, development and quality of life of the citizens and visitors alike. Besides Killarney, other town and villages in the MD have faced considerable difficulties in recent years to retain vibrancy and vitality in the face of a number of challenges. Building critical population mass and addressing the challenges of town centre/village renewal is a key objective of the Plan to ensure the long-term sustainability of many of the settlements in the MD area in terms of sustainable jobs growth and retail sales. A principle focus of the local area plan is to encourage re-development and renewal of town and village cores through various regeneration and renovation measures rather than continual expansion and sprawl of towns out into the countryside. The MD plan and the proposed variation to the KTDP 2009-2015 has a target that at least 30% of new housing to be delivered within the existing built up fabric of infill and/or brownfield sites. 2.6.2.3. Section 2.4: Infrastructure The supply of residential zoned land in the MD plan is focused in areas where infrastructure has been or will be invested in and capacity is currently available. The settlements of Killarney, Castleisland, Rathmore, Fieries, Barraduff, Kilcummin and Farranfore in particular have been identified as being capable of accommodating residential development. An application by Irish Water to provide a sewer link from Kilcummin to Killarney has been granted by An Bord Pleanála. Infrastructural deficits will play a key role in limiting development in other settlements of the district. In cases where infrastructural deficits arise and centrally located suitable lands are available for development; these lands have been zoned under the category of ‘Strategic residential reserve’ (R4) or ‘Strategic reserve’ (O1). These lands are zoned in line with the long-term objective of encouraging consolidation of the town/village core and the retention and improvement of local services and facilities. Development will be dependent on (amongst other issues) the availability of infrastructure, need and demand for development. Road infrastructure is also detailed in the plan including the following key projects: the N22 Farranfore-Killarney realignment and the Southern Relief Road schemes. Indicative routes of the N22 scheme is included in the plan. A second major road scheme is proposed from Deerpark to Loreto Road on the eastern side of Killarney town. Part of this route was previously indicated in the Killarney Town Development Plan, a new extension to this route is however proposed through Bishop’s Farm over the River Flesk southwards to Mill road and onto Loreto Road. An indicative route is shown in the LAP. The MD plan also includes a recognition of and commitment to the facilitation of the roll out of the National Broadband Plan (NBP). It particularly acknowledges a support for digital/business hubs; start-up enterprise spaces and/or co-working hubs. 2.6.2.4. Section 2.5: Environment and Heritage of the MD

The MD plan recognises both the natural and cultural heritage in the area. The Killarney Municipal District Local Area Plan is characterised by a substantial number of International, European, National and local sites of ecological interest with corresponding environmental designations. It includes several high status watercourses that support salmonid species and the annexed species of Freshwater Pearl Mussel (FWPM). The area includes Killarney National Park (KNP) which forms part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment SAC (Special Conservation Area) and Killarney National Park SPA (Special Protection Area). Several of Killarney’s lakes notably Lough Leane and Lough Guitane are also within the Municipal District. The Killarney National Park forms part of the Kerry UESCO Biosphere Reserve. There are extensive upland areas within the MD

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LAP including the Paps to the east and Tomies/Sheehy/Purple/Mangerton/Stompa/Crohane ranges to the west/south. To the north the LAP extends to the northern outskirts of Castleisland. Here part of the Stacks to Mullaghareirk Mountains, West Limerick Hills and Mount Eagle SPA occur within the MD area as it borders with Cork County to the east. Several remnant bogs that show a transition from raised to blanket bog overlap with the SPA and are designated as NHAs (Natural Heritage Area). The Municipal District is also the area of the recently re-introduced White Tailed Sea Eagle (WTSE). Natura 2000 site designations are nature conservation sites of international importance. There are a number of these located in the vicinity of Killarney Town, including:

• Killarney National Park SPA (Site Code 004038),

• Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks and River Caragh Catchment SAC (Site Code 000365),

• Castlemaine Harbour SAC (Site Code 000343), and

• Sheheree (Ardagh) Bog SAC (Site Code SAC 000382).

• The LAP recognises the importance that development proposals do not adversely impact on Natura 2000 sites, either directly or indirectly, by way of water pollution, wildlife disturbance or otherwise. Built heritage in the MD plan is outlined with many Protected Structures (PS) and Architectural Conservation Areas (ACA) already listed in the KCDP 2015-2021 and/or the KTDP 2009-2015. Archaeological sites in the MD plan are listed in either the Record of Monuments & Places (RMP) or Sites & Monuments Record (SMR). All of these monuments and their zones of archaeological potential/notification, as shown on the RMP and SMR constraints maps, are protected under the terms of the National Monuments Acts 1930-2004. 2.6.2.5. Section 2.6: Rural Areas This section of the plan outlines the provisions made for planning policies in rural areas that are below the strategic level of the KCDP 2015-2021. These areas are defined as all the rural areas within the municipal district boundary and outside the boundaries of the towns and villages that are zoned in this local area plan. The plan notes that a significant part of the rural area of the Killarney Municipal District, is described as ‘a rural area under strong urban influence’ as identified on maps in volume 3 of the KCDP 2015-2021. The north-eastern part of the district is a structurally weak area. The environs and rural areas surrounding Killarney and Castleisland are under strong urban influence. The current level and pattern of development in these rural areas is considered unsustainable. The KCDP 2015-2021 acknowledges that there is a need to maintain and strengthen rural communities throughout the county and to provide for the needs of local people to live in their own community. A distinction between housing, which is ‘urban-generated’ and housing, which is ‘rural generated’ is acknowledged in the plan. KCC will endeavour to accommodate genuine rural-generated housing in the area as it arises in accordance with Chapter 3, Settlement Strategy, of the KCDP 2015-2021. Rural areas in the MD are also recognised as facilitating transport links from National and secondary road infrastructure, through to the provision of existing and potential greenways/cycleways/walkways and blueways. The area is served by the N21, N22, N23 National Primary routes, numerous regional roads and an extensive network of local roads. It

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is an objective of the County Development Plan to realign the N22 from Farranfore to Killarney in a sustainable manner. This indicative route by-passes both Farranfore and Killarney. The natural assets of these rural areas, including biodiversity, archaeology, cultural heritage and landscapes and how they offer community amenities and facilities is described. In the context of the Killarney MD the natural heritage of the area is particularly notable including Killarney National Park and associated Muckross House and gardens and the recently reviewed Kerry UNESCO Biosphere Reserve award.

2.6.3. Section 2.7: Land Use Zoning The MD plan uses the Myplan.ie General Zone Types (GZTs) classification scheme. Myplan, an initiative of the Department of Housing, Planning, Community and Local Government, is described in more detail in Section 2.7 of the plan. Briefly, the aim of Myplan (http://www.myplan.ie/) is to create a one stop shop for information about plans that will assist with coordination between local authorities and more generally with the delivery of public services. It sets out eight general zone types with each zone divided into a number of sub categories. Each subcategory is coded. The following constitute the general zone type categories used in the MD plan, each category is further described below:

1. Primary Sector 2. Commerce/Industry/Enterprise/Economic Development 3. Community Services/Facilities 4. Networks and Basic Infrastructure/Utilities 5. Residential 6. Green/Recreation/Conservation 7. Mixed Use, 8. Other

2.6.3.1. Primary Sector (P1-P6) This category relates to uses that mainly deal with the exploiting of natural resources such as agriculture, forestry and quarrying. Generally residential development is not permitted on agricultural zoned land however consideration will be given, in the case of an application, for the construction of a dwelling house for the landowner or the son or daughter of the landowner or the favoured niece or nephew of the landowner to be used as their full time permanent residence.

• Agriculture (P1)

• Forestry (P2)

• Aquaculture and Fishing (P3)

• Quarrying/mining (P4)

• Mixed/general primary sector uses, including rural (P5)

• Other primary sector (P6) 2.6.3.2. Commerce/Industry/Enterprise/Economic Development (C1-C7) This category has seven sub-categories that include retail warehouse, industrial enterprise employment, office business/technology park, warehouse and tourism and related industries amongst other sub-categories. These areas are intended primarily for all employment related uses but may also include a range of other uses such as industrial, business and enterprise.

• Commercial, retail (C1.1)

• Retail warehouse (C1.2)

• Industrial, enterprise, employment (C2.1)

• General industry (C2.2)

• Office, business/technology park and related (C3)

• Warehouse (C4)

• Tourism and related (C5)

• Mixed/general commercial/industrial/enterprise (C6)

• Other commercial/industrial/enterprise/economic development (C7)

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2.6.3.3. Community Services/Facilities (S1-S6) This broad GZT category is intended to cater for the range of social or community services or facilities such as education and health which are provided mainly but not exclusively by the public sector. Where appropriate the provision of ancillary accommodation and facilities will be accommodated.

• Education (S1)

• Health and related (S2)

• Community facilities (S3)

• General public administration (S4)

• Mixed/general services/community facilities (S5)

• Other community services/facilities (S6) 2.6.3.4. Networks and Basic Infrastructure/Utilities (N1-N6) Lands zoned for utilities and infrastructure uses are largely for operational requirements such as drainage, sanitation, emergency services, electricity, gas, telecommunications, and traffic management and maintenance purposes. New roads, walkways and cycleways are also included on zoning maps under this heading.

• Transport- (N1)

• Water/wastewater- (N2)

• Gas and electricity-(N3)

• Telecommunications (N4)

• Solid waste (N5)

• Other networks and basic infrastructure/utilities (N6) 2.6.3.5. Residential (R1-R4) Residential Areas are intended primarily for housing development but may also include a range of other ancillary uses for residential, particularly those that have the potential to foster the development of new residential communities. These are uses that benefit from a close relationship to the immediate community, such as crèches, some schools and nursing homes. A limited range of other uses that support the overall residential function of the area may also be considered. This category also provides for strategic residential reserve which identifies areas which are intended for residential development at some future date.

• New/proposed residential (R1)

• Existing residential (R2)

• Residential, mixed residential and other uses (R3)

• Strategic residential reserve (R4) 2.6.3.6. Green/Recreation/Conservation (G1-G5) This section details the general land-use categories and objectives for open space, sports and amenity. Within this broad spectrum there are different requirements for each type of open space depending on their accessibility and level of usage by the public. In some instances, these open spaces are located within or adjacent to environmental designations and sites of local biodiversity significance. Therefore, it is important to ensure the protection of the integrity of biodiversity and to recognise the importance of wildlife corridors and sites of nature conservation importance.

• Open space, park (G1)

• Walkway, cycleway, bridal paths (G2)

• The conservation, amenity or buffer space, corridor/belt. Landscape protection (G3)

• Active open space (G4)

• Mixed/general ‘green’ recreation and conservation and other (G5) 2.6.3.7. Mixed Use (Town Centres/Core Retail Area) (M1-M5) Mixed use areas are generally intended to cater for zones which are specifically mixed use in nature and provide for a wide range of uses. The primary/core retail areas will form the main

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focus and preferred location for new retail development, appropriate to the scale and function of each town centre. It is policy to primarily provide for mixed uses and any other uses appropriate to the town centre in areas zoned mixed use. Proposed developments should improve the vitality and viability of the town centre and shall meet the needs of the town. Residential development will also be encouraged particularly in mixed use developments.

• Mixed use, general development, opportunity/proposal site (M1)

• City/Town/Village centre or central area (M2)

• District, neighbourhood centre (M3)

• Built up area (M4)

• Other mixed uses (M5) 2.6.3.8. Other (O1-O2) This is the final catchall category which is only used if a zone did not fit comfortably into any of the other categories, sub-categories or sub-sub categories. This category includes Strategic Reserve, white land (O1).

• Strategic Reserve, white land (O1)

• General (O2) 2.6.3.9. Development in Existing Residential/Town/Village Centre/Built Up Areas

(R2/M2/M4) In the plan significant areas of lands within the town and village boundaries have already been developed in the Municipal District’s settlements. These are known as built up areas and constitute the majority portion of the zonings on the accompanying maps. These are typically zoned as (R2/M2/M4) Development in Existing Residential/Town/Village Centre/Built Up Areas. This zoning acknowledges a key principle that underpins the development strategy of the MD plan, namely to facilitate development that supports in general the primary land use of surrounding existing built up areas. To this end there are a number of objectives that promote development of infill/backfill sites or brownfield site development. The plan lists a number of opportunity sites; village improvement schemes and regeneration areas within the area. In particular, Killarney town has a number of such sites that development of which are deemed likely to lever economic and employment creation.

2.6.4. Section 3: Settlements This section of the plan outlines in greater detail the settlement strategy envisaged in the LAP which is consistent with the settlement hierarchy outlined in Chapter 3 of the KCDP 2015-2021. Section 3 of the MD plan provides more information on how this settlement strategy is to be implemented. It is presented in three parts.

• Part A: Is an introduction to settlements. This section introduces the overall development principles for the MD settlements including the key objectives.

• Part B: This section sets out the planning proposals for the main towns of the Killarney Municipal District, namely Killarney and Castleisland. Zoning maps for the settlements are also included in this section.

• Part C: Key District Towns/Villages: This section sets out the planning proposals for the remaining key settlements in the Killarney Municipal District: Barraduff, Farranfore, Fieries, Kilcummin, Rathmore, Fossa, Gneeveguilla, Scartaglin, Cordal, Currow and Currans. Each settlement is accompanied by a zoning/objective map.

The MD plan uses the Myplan.ie General Zone Types (GZTs) classification scheme as described above in Section 2.6.3.

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3. METHODOLOGY FOR THE SEA OF THE KILLARNEY MUNICIPAL DISTRICT LOCAL AREA PLAN/FOURTH VARIATION TO THE KTDP 2009-2015

3.1. Guidance

The Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015 will reflect the requirements of SEA Directive 2001/42/EC on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment and Irish legislation through the SEA Regulations (S.I. No. 436 of 2004), as amended. In a specific Irish legislative context, the following provide guidance on interpreting the SEA Directive and will inform this SEA:

• Implementation of SEA Directive 2001/42/EC: Assessment of the Effects of Certain Plans and Programmes on the Environment – Guidelines for Regional Authorities and Planning Authorities, Department of Environment Heritage and Local Government Guidelines (2004),

• Development of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Methodologies for Plans and Programmes in Ireland, Synthesis Report, Environmental Protection Agency.

• Strategic Environmental Assessment, SEA Pack, EPA updated to May 2016 including the Draft Consultation SEA Process Checklist and the EPA SEA Scoping Submission,

• European Communities (Environmental Assessment of Certain Plans and Programmes (Amendment) Regulations 2011, (S.I. No. 200 of 2011), amending the European Communities (Environmental Assessment of Certain Plans and Programmes) Regulations 2001 (S.I. No. 435 of 2004),

• Planning and Development (Strategic Environmental Assessment) (Amendment) Regulations 2011 (S.I. No 201 of 2011) and Planning and Development (Amendment) Regulations 2011 SI 262 of 2011, amending the Planning and Development (Strategic Environmental Assessment) Regulations 2004 (S.I. No.436 of 2004).

• EPA Guidance for Integration of Environmental Considerations, updated to 7/2/17

• Integrating Climate Change into the SEA in Ireland, A Guidance Note, EPA 2015

• Developing and Assessing Alternatives in SEA, EPA 2015

• Local Authority Adaptation Strategy Development Guidelines, EPA 2016

• GISEA Manual Improving the Evidence Base in SEA, EPA, 2015

3.2. Key stages in Strategic Environmental Assessment

As discussed, the SEA process consists of a series of steps or stages that need to be undertaken. These are:

• Screening of P/P to establish whether it must undergo an SEA;

• Scoping of the details to be provided in the Environmental Report, in consultation with environmental authorities;

• An Environmental Report - containing the findings of the assessment on the likely significant effects on the environment of the P/P;

• Consultation on the Draft Plan and associated Environmental Report;

• An SEA Statement - identifying how environmental considerations and consultations have been integrated into the Final Plan; and

• Monitoring Programme of the significant environmental effects of the P/P Based on the requirements of legislation and guidance the SEA will be carried out in the series of stages outlined above. The SEA will be informed by an assessment under Article 6 of the Habitats Directive (Section 1.3) and the Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (Section 1.4). This report however specifically addresses step 3 of the above process, the Environmental Report of the SEA for the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015.

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3.2.1. Scoping The purpose of scoping in the SEA process is two-fold – to “scope” possible environmental effects of the plan in consultation with key stakeholders. Scoping identifies the likely extent (geographic, temporal and thematic) and level of detail for the environmental assessment and the information to be included in the SEA Environmental Report. Key stakeholders are then consulted with and asked to comment on the key environmental issues and elements of the P/P. Scoping should identify issues that are of most importance so that these can be addressed in more detail and eliminate those that are not of significance. Further to this and under Article 13A(4) of the Regulations SI 436 2004, as amended in Regulations 2011, (S.I. No. 201 of 2011) and DoECLG Circular Letter PSSP 6/2011 dated 26th July 2011 in relation to “Further Transposition of the EU Directive 2001/42/EC on Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)”, designated environmental authorities were consulted in relation to the scope and level of detail to be included in this Environmental Report. It should be noted that since the original drafting of the above regulations/circular letter there have a number of changes to State Departments. In recent correspondence from the EPA2, the following authorities were consulted:

• The Minister for the Environment, Community and Local Government (now the Minister for Housing, Planning, Community and Local Government)

• Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine, and the Minister for Communications Energy and Natural Resources (now the Minister for Communications, Climate Action and Environment), where it appears to the planning authority that the plan or programme, or modification of the plan or programme, might have significant effects on fisheries or the marine environment

• where it appears to the competent authority that the plan or programme, or amendment to a plan or programme, might have significant effects in relation to the architectural heritage or to nature conservation, the Minister for Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (now the Minister for Culture, Heritage and Gaeltacht Affairs), and

• any adjoining planning authority whose area is continuous to the area of a planning authority which prepared a draft plan, proposed variation or local area plan,

The findings and comments received as part of the scoping process were included and are addressed in this ER. They are summarised below. 3.2.1.1. Outcome of the Scoping Exercise Specific comments made further to the consultation of the SEA Scoping Report, April 2017, are detailed below in Table 3-1.

3.2.2. Environmental Report (ER) The aim of this SEA ER is to identify the likely significant effects on the environment as a result of implementing the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015, develop mitigation measures to reduce/remedy these impacts if required and identify monitoring procedures to monitor the impacts of the Plan. The Environmental Report is being made available at the same time as the draft MD LAP and consultation is taking place with the relevant authorities and the public prior to the documents being adopted. Schedule 2B of S.I. 436 of 2004 (as amended) specifically details what information is to be contained in an Environmental Report. Table 3-2 lists the information required and details where this information is contained in this Environmental Report.

2 Letter from the EPA to the Planning Policy Unit of KCC dated 17th February 2017 further to notice given to the EPA under Section 20(1) of the Planning and Development Act, as amended.

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Table 3-1 Comments made from statutory consultees further to consultation on the SEA Scoping Report, April 2017.

Consultee Comments Addressed

EPA • Biodiversity to be addressed including green infrastructure

• Critical service infrastructure to meet needs of the plan

• Water related considerations to be addressed

• Flood Risk to be considered

• Sustainable tourism to be promoted in the plan particularly in relation to Killarney National Park.

Submission also provided Scoping Checklist and list of statutory consultees to be consulted.

Throughout the ER

Department of Housing, Planning, Community and Local Government

No response made N/A

Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Receipt of Scoping Report noted. No issues raised

N/A

Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment


Department of Arts, Heritage, Regional, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs


Cork County Council No response made N/A

Table 3-2 Information contained in this draft Environmental Report as per Schedule 2B of S.I. 436 of 2004



(a) an outline of the contents and main objectives of the plan and relationship with other relevant plans

Chapter 8

(b) the relevant aspects of the current state of the environment and the likely evolution thereof without implementation of the plan

Chapter 5

(c) the environmental characteristics of areas likely to be significantly affected

Chapter 5

(d) any existing environmental problems which are relevant to the plan including, in particular, those relating to any areas of a particular environmental importance, such as areas designated pursuant to the Birds Directive or Habitats Directive;

Chapter 5

(e) the environmental protection objectives, established at international, European Union or national level, which are relevant to the plan and the way those objectives and any environmental considerations have been taken into account during its preparation;

Chapter 6

(f) the likely significant effects on the environment, including on issues such as biodiversity, population, human health, fauna, flora, soil, water, air, climatic factors, material assets, cultural heritage including architectural and archaeological heritage, landscape and the interrelationship between the above factors

Chapter 7

(g) the measures envisaged to prevent, reduce and as fully as possible offset any significant adverse effects on the environment of

Chapter 8

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implementing the plan;

(h) an outline of the reasons for selecting the alternatives dealt with, and a description of how the assessment was undertaken including any difficulties (such as technical deficiencies or lack of know-how) encountered in compiling the required information

Chapter 4

(i) a description of the measures envisaged concerning monitoring of the significant environmental effects of implementation of the plan

Chapter 9

(j) A non-technical summary of the information provided under the above headings.

Non-technical summary.

3.3. Integration of the MD LAP Plan/Fourth Variation, SEA, AA (NIR) and SFRA

This ER was prepared in parallel with the draft Killarney MD LAP/4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015. The integration of the plan and SEA was achieved through close liaison between personnel delivering the SEA and other assessment. This included the key stages of scoping, the review of the existing situation in the area and the assessment of the MD LAP objectives. The internal procedures for integrating the plan process with the SEA are outlined in Table 3-3. The appropriate assessment under Article 6 of the Habitats Directive and the SFRA also informed the plan as appropriate. Table 3-3 explains the full integration of the drafting of the Killarney MD LAP/fourth variation, the SEA, SFRA and the Appropriate Assessment. Table 3-3 Integration of SEA, SFRA and AA


PROCESS

PLAN SEA SFRA AA

Pre-review Preparation of Issues Papers

SEA mandatory screening not applicable

- -

Initial public consultation

Publication of (a) statutory notice of intention to make MD LAP/4th variation

Scoping of the Environmental Report, in consultation with environmental authorities noting SFRA to be undertaken

Notify consultees that an assessment under Art 6 will be undertaken

Preparation of Documentation

Preparation of draft plan

Preparation of Environmental Report. The process will be iterative, amendments will be made to the plan by SEA where required, and record made of same

Inform plan making process, will be iterative

An AA will be drafted in parallel with SEA and Plan. The process will be iterative, amendments will be made to the plan where required, and record made of same

Public consultation

Public display of draft plan and consideration of submissions

Public display of ER/SFRA and consideration of submissions

Public display AA and consideration of submissions

2nd public display (if required)

Display of any material amendment(s) to

Identify any significant environmental effects resulting from material

Identify significant effects/ adverse effects on the site

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PROCESS

PLAN SEA SFRA AA

draft plan

amendments integrity on European sites resulting from material amendments

Completion of process

Adoption of plan Making specified information available in the form of a SEA Statement

Finalise SFRA

Provide information on the AA

Post-plan Adoption

Implementation Monitoring of significant environmental effects

Monitoring, if required/appropriate

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4. ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS

4.1. Introduction

The development and assessment of alternatives is a legal requirement under the SEA Directive. “Reasonable” alternatives should be considered “taking into account the objectives and the geographical scope of the plan or programme” (Article 5.1, SEA Directive 2001/EC/42). Recent 2015 guidance from the EPA on alternatives within the SEA process – Developing and Assessing Alternatives in the SEA expands further on the requirements of the environmental assessment of alternatives in the plan making process. This guidance has informed the SEA of each MD LAP as discussed below.

4.2. Development of alternatives

As required by SEA, alternatives most be realistic (i.e. able to achieve the plan’s/programme’s objectives), reasonable (i.e. based on socio-economic and environmental evidence), viable (technically and financially feasible) and implementable (realisable within the plan’s/programme’s timeframe and resources). They should represent a range of different approaches within the statutory and operational requirements of a plan. It is important to recognise that reasonable, realistic alternatives that are capable of implementation are shaped by the position of the MD LAPs within the planning policy and decision-making hierarchy outlined in Section 2 of this report. For this plan the following considerations have to be taken into account when formulating alternatives:

• The geographical extent of each plan is set, there is no scope for an alternative that expands or reduces the study area extent,

• Higher level plans set strategic planning options for the MD LAPs. This specifically relates to the Core Strategy and associated settlement hierarchy that has been laid out in Section 3.1 of the KCDP 2015-2021 and presented in Section 1.5 of this report.

• The KCDP 2015-2021 was influenced by the then National Spatial Strategy 2002-2020,

since proceeded in February 2018 by Project Ireland 2040 - National Planning Framework and the Regional Planning Guidelines for the South-West 2010-2022. It provides detail on the population growth to be allocated to each MD in the county – see Table 4-1 below. There is no alternative to these population figures in relation to MD population growth. Killarney MD projected growth is highlighted in the Table 4-1 as 2,525.

Table 4-1 Population growth for each MD 2011-2016 and Project Growth 2015-2021

Municipal District

Population 2011 Population 2016 2011-2016 Change

Core Strategy 2015-2021 Projected Growth

Tralee 40,051 39,747 -0.8% 3,480

Killarney 38,040 39,935 5.0% 2,525

Listowel 28,538 28,418 -0.4% 890

South/West 38,873 39,607 1.9% 1,213

Total 8,108

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• It is a policy of the aforementioned hierarchy plans to continue the support of the Linked Hub towns of Tralee-Killarney as detailed in Section 3.1 of the KCDP 2015-2021. The MD LAP is therefore required to reflect policies/objectives re-the promotion of the sustainable development of the towns of Tralee and Killarney.

• The MD LAP is a landuse plan primarily concerned with the regulation of development in accordance with the proper planning and sustainable development of the area including the environmental impacts this development may have. The content is predetermined by relevant sections of the Planning and Development Act, (as amended).

• The Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021 outlines the zoning of lands for residential development in each MD that reflects targeted population growth. The figures were based on the sustainable availability of public infrastructure – waste water and water supply – as informed by the strategic plans of Irish Water. Therefore, there is no scope to look at an alternative settlement hierarchy within MD plan areas other than that outlined in the Core Strategy.

• In the Killarney MD the settlements have been allocated population growth – Killarney, Castleisland, Rathmore, Fieries, Barraduff, Kilcummin and Farranfore – as outlined in Table 4-2 below.

• In addition, the NFP seeks to promote 30% of new homes in infill or brownfield sites in towns with populations greater than 10,000. This implies 30% of residential housing for Killarney town is to be allocated for sites close to the town centre.

• The percentage of urban versus rural population growth is also allocated under the Core Strategy as indicate in Table 4-2. Again, there is no feasible alternative to these allocated urban/rural figures.

Table 4-2 Population allocation for Killarney MD as outlined in the KCDP 2015-2021


Housing Requirement

Killarney

Killarney 1,781 685

Castleisland 237 91

Rathmore 74 28

Fieries 46 18

Barraduff 35 15

Kilcummin 35 13

Farranfore 19 7

Total 2227 857

Rural 298 115

The alternative scenarios to be considered in the SEA of this MD LAP are therefore limited by the hierarchical policies/objectives outlined above. Scenarios can only relate to alternatives within the settlements which are allocated population growth as per the Core Strategy as previously assessed as part of the KCDP 2015-2021. As noted in the EPA 2015 guidance on alternatives, the “do-nothing” option is not a viable alternative for a land use plan as there is a statutory requirement to make/and/or review land use plans. This is applicable in the case of MD plans as there is a legislative requirement to undertake the plan. A business as usual alternative however is considered – essentially the likely evolution of the current state of the environment without the implementation of the MD LAP. Business as usual and other alternatives considered in this report are discussed in more detail below.

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4.3. Assessment of Alternatives The four alternatives to be compared to each other to determine the scenario with the lowest levels of environmental impact are presented below. The limits on alternative options is outlined in the previous section. Alternative 1: This alternative looks at the option of facilitating unphased residential development within the boundaries of settlements identified for population growth. This implies no distinction between new/proposed residential or strategic residential reserve. Rather residential development would be permitted at any stage within lands identified as suitable for residential development. This alternative would adhere to population growth figures as per the Core Strategy. However, the alternative would accommodate population growth within any land identified suitable for residential development within settlement boundaries. Alternative 2: This alternative looks at the option of facilitating phased residential development within the boundaries of settlements identified for population growth. This implies phasing or timing residential development so that lands zoned new/proposed residential located close to urban cores are developed first. Lands identified as strategic residential reserve would not be developed until such times as those identified close to the urban core are developed. This alternative looks at land use zoning that aims to consolidate the urban core of the towns/villages allocated population growth. Alternative 3: This alternative looks at the option of allowing the proposed masterplans for both opportunity sites and urban areas drive development in Killarney and Castleisland town coupled with phased residential development. This alternative recognises the importance of the both settlements in the sustainable economic development of the entire MD area. Masterplans are proposed for several opportunity sites in the towns that could accommodate mixed uses in key locations. Alternative 4: this alternative looks at a business as usual ie the likely state of the environment without the implementation of the MD LAP/4th variation. To assess the likely significant impacts of each alternative on the environment, a matrix is used. The matrix assesses the alternatives against the established environmental objectives outlined in Chapter 6. In assessing the likely significant effects alternatives, the full range of effects including ‘secondary, cumulative, synergistic, short, medium and long term, permanent, temporary and negative effects were addressed. The assessment is presented in Sections 4.4-4.7 below. Further to the assessment process Alternative 3 is deemed the preferred option.

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4.4. Alternative 1 Likely to

Improve Status of EPOs

Probable conflict with EPOs – unlikely to be mitigated

Potential Conflict with EPOs-likely to be mitigated

Neutral Impacts with EPOs

No Likely Interaction with EPOs

Alternative 1

Environmental Objectives AQ1 C1 M1

S1 P1 HH1 L1 CH1 B1 W1

F1

Comment • This alternative relates to the settlements allocated population growth in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021

• All settlements have identified lands suitable for residential development within their boundaries.

• Waste water capacity limits development in other settlements, as identified in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021

• Unphased residential development likely to see development at the peripheries of the boundaries in favour of out of town locations on approach roads. Greater impacts on greenfield sites and associated impacts on biodiversity and soil.

• Likely to result in continued unconsolidated village/urban cores which already are poorly defined.

• In particularly lands around Killarney town under pressure from urban development in the form of one-off housing.

• Leap-frogging of residential development also likely to occur in other settlement particularly along existing main transport routes. Possible impacts on infrastructure schemes.

• Reduces likelihood of non-vehicular travel choices.

• Conflict with policies to look at infill and brownfield sites to promote a town core out phased development.

• Conflicts with EOs for air quality and climatic factors – increases likelihood of vehicular travel albeit at local levels.

• Although the emphasis on opportunity sites/regeneration sites within Killarney and Castleisland would remain, slower uptake if sites further away from town are developed first.

• No residential zoning within flood risk areas so no impacts on flooding EO identified

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Alternative 2

Environmental Objectives P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 L1

CH1 F1 M1

Comment • This alternative relates to the settlements allocated population growth in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021.

• The settlements have two phases of lands identified with the settlement boundary for residential development new/proposed and strategic reserve.

• New/proposed located closer to urban cores

• Phased residential development will seek to promote a consolidated urban form with lands close to town centre developed first. Implies less development in greenfield sites, less impacts on biodiversity, soil and water

• Possible impacts on architectural heritage and archaeological though developments close to town centres, in particular Killarney and Castleisland where archaeological potential exists.

• Waste water capacity limits development in other settlements, as identified in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021

• Timing residential development implies greater co-ordination between services and population growth, this a particular issue in relation to rural areas under urban pressure around Killarney town.

• Improves opportunities for non-vehicular travel initiatives and increases likelihood the people will reside near where they work, go to school etc

• Reduces local impacts on air quality especially from travel times

• Consolidate urban planning a positive response to climate change

• Alternative however, focuses on residential development only. MD requires economic and social development and various opportunity sites identified in the LAP not prioritised in this alternative.

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4.6. Alternative 3 Likely to Improve

Status of EPOs Probable conflict with EPOs – unlikely to be mitigated




Alternative 3

Environmental Objectives

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

F1

Comment • This alternative relates is similar to Alternative 2 but with specific focus on the delivery of masterplans proposed for various opportunity sites in both Killarney and Castleisland

• In addition to Killarney and Castleisland, it relates to the settlements allocated population growth in the Core Strategy.

• All settlements have two phases of lands identified with the settlement boundary for residential development new/proposed and strategic reserve.

• New/proposed located closer to urban cores

• Phased residential development will seek to promote a consolidated urban form with lands close to town centre developed first. Implies less development in greenfield sites, less impacts on biodiversity, soil and water.

• As noted for alternative 2 possible impacts on architectural heritage and archaeological though developments close to town centres, in particular Killarney and Castleisland where archaeological potential exists.

• Waste water infrastructure in MD area within remit of Irish Water and various improvements/upgrades proposed. Killarney town in particular has a Drainage Area Plan proposed and existing capacity in the WWTP

• Other waste water capacity limits development in certain settlements, as identified in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021

• Timing residential development implies greater co-ordination between services and population growth, this a particular issue in relation to rural areas under urban pressure around Killarney town.

• Improves opportunities for non-vehicular travel initiatives and increases likelihood the people will reside near where they work, go to school etc.

• Reduces local impacts on air quality especially from less travel time

• Consolidate urban planning a positive local response to climate change

• Masterplans for opportunity sites in Killarney and Castleisland identified as a key driver in the development of the MD.

• Masterplans aim to rejuvenation specific sites for various uses including residential, commercial, retail and community use with large public realm incorporated. Likely positive impact on population/human health.

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Alternative 4 Business as usual

Environmental Objectives W1 M1 C1 AQ1 S1 B1 HH1 P1

CH1 F1 L1

Comment • This alternative would see continued settlement patterns evident in the MD area namely low to stagnate population growth in towns/villages and increased population growth in out of town locations.

• Continued settlement in areas under strong urban influence especially around Killarney town

• Continued stagnation of other town/village centres as people move further away from urban centres, including the district town of Castleisland

• Infill/brownfield sites not prioritised for development

• Opportunities sites identified in Killarney and Castleisland town unlikely to be prioritised

• Implies more greenfield sites to be developed on the fringes of the town/villages – impacts on biodiversity, soil and water

• Continued reliance of car transport with associated commuting patterns

• Local impacts on air quality.

• Out of town settlement patterns conflicts with climate change responses especially adaptation.

• Non-use of historic buildings especially within town/villages core

• Non-compatibility of infrastructure with population growth especially as rural areas population growth increases.

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5. STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT- EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE IN THE KILLARNEY MD AREA

5.1. Introduction

In line with the SEA Directive, an environmental baseline most be compiled for the plan area. As required this will include a description of the state of the environment at present; discussion of the key problems/ issues currently being faced in the area; and a description of the expected evolution of the environment should the plan not be implemented, i.e. in the absence of the plan. A brief description of the geographical setting of the plan area is included in Section 1.5 of this document. The key environmental baseline data for the LAP area will be discussed under the parameters outlined in Schedule 2B (f) of SI No 436/2004. They are:

• population/human health,

• biodiversity (flora, fauna),

• geology/soils,

• water/hydrogeology,

• air quality/

• climatic factors,

• material assets

• cultural assets (architecture, archaeology),

• landscape, and

• the interrelationship between the above factors,

• as noted in Section 1.4 a Strategic Flood Risk Assessment also informed the MD LAP. Table 5-1 below is a non-exhaustive list of the information sources used to compile the environmental baseline for each the environmental parameters listed above. Table 5-1 Environmental Information Sources for use in this ER.

Environmental Parameters Information Sources

Population/Human Health • Central Statistics Office (CSO) – 2011 and 2016 data,

• HSE

• Environment Section, KCC

• Enforcement Section, KCC

• EPA

Biodiversity (flora, fauna), • National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS),

• Inland Fisheries Ireland (IFI),

• National Biodiversity Data Centre (NBDC)

• Golden Eagle Trust,

• ENVISION EPA map viewer

• WFD map viewer

• Heritage & Biodiversity Office, KCC

• Kerry Heritage and Biodiversity Plan 2008-2012

• Bird Watch Ireland (BWI)

• Irish Peatland Conservation Council (IPCC)

• Wetlands Survey Ireland website and county survey

• Invasive Species Ireland website

Geology / Soils • Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI) map viewer including bedrock, subsoil, soil datasets and sites from the Irish Geological Heritage Programme (IGH)

• CORINE (Landuse) database (2012),

• Teagasc Soil Map,

• ENVISION EPA map viewer

Water • ENVISION EPA map viewer

• WFD map viewer

• EPA reports on water quality

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Environmental Parameters Information Sources

• GSI map viewer specifically aquifer and ground water vulnerability datasets


• Local Authority Water and Community Office

• IFI

• Irish Water

Air Quality • EPA

• Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment (DCCAE)


• Enforcement Section, KCC

Climatic Factors • EPA

• Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment (DCCAE)


• Central Statistics Office (CSO)

Material assets • Roads Section, KCC

• Municipal District Office

• National Roads Design Office, KCC,

• Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII)


• Broadband Officer, KCC

• Irish Water

Cultural assets (architecture, archaeology)

• Register of PS & Architectural Conservation Areas (ACAs) listed in the KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015

• NIAH for Kerry

• Kerry SMR/RMP as listed in the KCDP 2015-2021

• Archaeological Special Protection Areas listed in the KCDP 2015-2021

• Heritage Office, KCC

• County Archaeologist, KCC

• Conservation Officer, KCC

• Arts Officer, KCC

Landscape • Existing landscape designations within KCDP 2015-2021

• Village Design statements/Public realm reports

• Architectural Conservation Areas listed in the KCDP 2015-2021

• Archaeological landscapes listed in the KCDP 2015-2021

SFRA • Sources are identified in the DoEHLG/OPW 2009 Guidelines ‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management’.

5.2. Population and Human Health - Baseline Assessment

5.2.1. Baseline Assessment: Population The Killarney MD LAP projected population growth figures and settlement strategy is framed within the Core Strategy settlement hierarchy set out in Chapter 3 of the KCDP 2015-2021. It is further informed by the 2016 census and comparisons to data from the 2011 census. Population figures from 2016 census indicate that overall County Kerry has seen a low population increase at 1.5% since the last census in 2011. This low increase is broadly in line with what was estimated and set out in the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021. The population of the entire Killarney Municipal District Area in 2016 was 39,935 persons showing a 5% increase since 2011 (Table 1-1). This was the largest increase in population growth experienced by the county’s four MD areas. Killarney town recorded the largest increase in population of all the settlements in the MD. It went from 13,760 in 2011 to 15,312 in 2016 indicating an 11.3% increase.

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Of the remaining settlements in the MD, Kilcummin and Fieries experienced the largest increase with 18.21% and 13.65% increases recorded respectively. Castleisland experienced a population decline over the census period at -1.07%. Rathmore recorded a low rate of increase at 1.54% while the population for Gneeveguilla remained unchanged. The significant increase in population recorded for both Kilcummin and Fieries reflects their attractiveness as a cheaper housing alternative relative to Killlarney, particularly for young couples and families. Over the inter-census period significant rural development in the form of one off rural housing has also taken place. Comparative analysis of GeoDirectory residential address database from 2011 to that of 2016 highlights the level of development in the Killarney MD. Data indicates approximately 646 additional points have been added in this 6 year period. Of these 87% are located in the rural area of the MD, that is, outside of the development boundary of the settlements in the plan area3. The KCDP 2015-2021 has a target population growth of up to 2525 (or 2227 minus 298 rural target) additional persons for the Killarney MD area. Corresponding housing requirements/units 972 (or 857 minus 115 rural target) are determined on these figures. Projected population growth targets and corresponding housing requirements for Killarney MD plan are shows in Table 5-2. These figures are based on a strategic 60:40 split in each MD area of 60% population growth allocated to towns and 40% allocated to smaller settlements and rural areas. This is to ensure the development of vibrant towns and villages capable of servicing rural communities. Table 5-2 Population allocation for Killarney Municipal District as outlined in the Core Strategy of Kerry County Development Plan 2015-2021


Housing Requirement

Killarney

Killarney 1,781 685

Castleisland 237 91

Rathmore 74 28

Fieries 46 18

Barraduff 35 15

Kilcummin 35 13

Farranfore 19 7

Total 2227 857

Rural 298 115

A key objective of the KCDP 2015-2021 is to strengthen the urban structure of the hub towns of Tralee and Killarney. To meet this aim, the key objective of the Killarney MD LAP is to therefore consolidate the core strategy by focusing projected population growth, over the lifetime of the plan into specific settlements as outlined in Table 5-2.

5.2.2. Baseline Assessment: Human Health In relation to human health, individual and population health status is largely the result of the social, cultural and physical environment in which we live. Factors such as the state of the environment, access to resources to meet basic needs, exposure to risks and capacity to cope with these, income and education levels, social network of relationships with friends, family and neighbours all have considerable impacts on health and wellbeing.

3 See Section 2.2 of Draft Killarney MD LAP 2018-2024.

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A deeper understanding around health and wellbeing has developed over the last number of years in Ireland since the drafting of the National Environmental Health Action Plan in 19994. This is reflected in a later 2010 research paper carried out by the EPA as part of it’s STRIVE series - Understanding the Links between the Environment, Human Health and Well-Being5. In 2013 the Healthy Ireland – A Framework for Improved Health and Wellbeing 2013-2023 was published6. The evolving idea of “quality of life” is also elaborated on in the recently published NPF (2018). Figure 5-1 below reflects the thematic elements that underpin the concept. The concept that health and wellbeing are supported by our local environment obviously underpins both the EPA’s framework and of particular relevance to this ER of a land use plan, the NPF.

Figure 5-1 Elements supporting quality of life7

The EPA’s most recent (2016) state of the environment report recognises the benefits of a good quality environment to health and wellbeing. It is a key action in striving towards delivering environmental protection and sustainable development. The report goes on to note challenges faced nationally in pursing this aim with an emphasis on two key environmental quality factors that can be directly correlated to health - air and water quality. The importance of air quality and its link to health was reiterated in the EPA’s recent launch of a new Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme (AAMP) to be rolled out from 2017-20228. Discussed more in Section 5.3, the AAMP aims to strengthen the capacity and capability to provide more comprehensive, localised air quality information linked to public health advice in

Ireland. Its primary purpose is to allow vulnerable individuals to modify their behaviour and

4 http://lenus.ie/hse/bitstream/10147/45646/1/8532.pdf [accessed 7/4/17] 5 http://www.epa.ie/pubs/reports/research/health/ERC_15_Garavan_HumanHealthLinks_syn_web.pdf [accessed 7/4/17] 6 http://health.gov.ie/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/HealthyIrelandBrochureWA2.pdf [accessed 7/4/17] 7 Project Ireland 2040 - National Planning Framework 8 National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme 2017-2022, Consultation Paper, October 2016, EPA, available at http://www.epa.ie/air/quality/

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avoid health consequences of short and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution. The AAMP will build on the existing air monitoring network in places and accessible through the EPA’s website including their Air Quality Index for Health AQIH system launched in 2013 (see Section 5.3 for further discussion on both). The aim of the AAMP is to ultimately increase awareness around air quality and links to health in Ireland. Along with improved monitoring and modelling and forecasting, citizen science and engagement is the third pillar underpinning the programme. It highlights particulate matter as a significant contributor to poor health in Ireland, seconded by NO2 and SO2 emissions. The relevance of these pollutants in an Irish context were reiterated in the EPA’s most recent annual report - Air Quality in Ireland 20169. The report, and the equivalent report from 201510, recorded exceedances of the World Health Organisation (WHO) values for various pollutants namely ozone, SO2 and NO2 and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) at a number of its monitoring sites. The report details associated health implications for these exceedances. It notes health implications can be short term (24 hours) and/or long term (annual) with greater potential effects on vulnerable members of the community with pre-existing medical conditions. A brief overview is given in Table 5-3. Although health trends of the general Killarney MD public in relation air quality are not widely available extrapolations can be made. In an area with high car dependency and a dispersed rural settlement reliant on traditional forms of fossil fuel, is could be assumed that health effects listed in Table 5-3 are likely to be applicable in the MD. Water quality is another key environmental factor that has the potential to impact on human health. Water as a separate environmental factor is discussed in more detail in Section 5.2 However, in relation to health implications impacts of poor water quality can be both acute or indirect such as impacts on bathing waters. Impacts on water quality, for example from waste water discharge, have the potential to cause detrimental effects on receiving waters including coastal waters that support commercial fisheries and/or other food production. Table 5-3 Health implications associated with significant air pollutants in Ireland11 Air Pollutant Associated Health Implications/Impacts

NO2 • Short‐term exposure linked to adverse respiratory effects including airway inflammation in healthy people and increased respiratory symptoms in asthmatics.

• Long‐term exposure is associated with increased risk of respiratory infection in children

SO2 • Temporary breathing difficulties for those who suffer from respiratory conditions such as asthma.

• Longer‐term exposure to high concentrations can aggravate existing cardiovascular disease and respiratory illness

PM10 and PM2.5 • Impacts of particulate matter relate to its ability to penetrate deep into the respiratory tract. This inhalation can increase the risk, frequency and severity of cardiopulmonary and respiratory disorders. It is particularly harmful for those who have a pre‐existing respiratory illness. It also has a strong association with circulatory disease and mortality.

5.2.3. Existing Environmental Problems/Sensitivities Settlement trends for the MD show that population growth is linked to Killarney town and its attractiveness of as a place to live. However, lack of affordable housing in the town and

9 Air Quality in Ireland, 2016 EPA available at http://www.epa.ie/pubs/reports/air/quality/Air%20Quality%20In%20Ireland%202016.pdf 10 Ibid 11 Ibid

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environs has resulted in residential pressure on outlying settlements particularly Kilcummin and Fieries. In contrast the district town of Castleisland has shown a population decline with other more rural settlement stagnant or declining. At the same time one-off housing in rural areas has continued, with greatest pressure around Killarney town. These trends are at variance with the policies and objectives of the KCDP 2015-2021, particularly in relation to the sustainable development of towns and villages. There are also indirect implications for human health further to these trends. Rural dispersed settlement requires for example excessive car based commuting patterns which impacts on localised air quality values. With the lack of specific MD health data certain assumptions can be made based on national trends from EPA air quality reports, specifically in relation to localised impacts from traffic and home heating. Excessive travel distances/commuting for work, education and access to a range of services can also impact on quality of life as people become disassociated with where they live and work. Equally use of concentrated public services such as municipal/group waste water treatment schemes are more efficient and sustainable in preventing deterioration in water quality which can have impacts on human health. Infrastructural deficits will play a key role in limiting development in settlements of the MD, as per the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021.

5.3. Biodiversity (Flora/Fauna) 5.3.1. Baseline Assessment The Killarney MD LAP area contains a number of International, European, National and local sites of ecological interest with corresponding environmental designations. The area includes Killarney National Park (KNP) which forms part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC and Killarney National Park SPA (Figure 5-2 & Figure 5-3). Sheheree Bog cSAC, a remnant raised bog, occurs just outside the boundary of Killarney town. In contrast Mullaghanish Bog cSAC to the far east of the MD area, on the Cork border, protects intact mountain blanket bog. To the north the MD extends to the northern outskirts of Castleisland town. Here part of the Stacks to Mullaghareirk Mountains, West Limerick Hills and Mount Eagle SPA occurs within the MD area as it borders with Cork County to the east. Several remnant bogs that show a transition from raised to blanket bog overlap with the SPA and are designated as two NHAs – Anna More Bog and Mount Eagle Bog (Figure 5-4). Birds of special conservation interest associated with SPAs in the MD include Peregrine; Greenland White Fronted Geese and Hen Harrier. The MD is also the area of the recently re-introduced White Tailed Sea Eagle (WTSE). Castlemaine Harbour cSAC extends into the west of the plan area predominately via designated watercourses that includes the River Laune as it leaves Lough Leane. The MD includes several other high status watercourses that support salmonid species, three lamprey species (river, brook and sea) and of note the annexed species of Freshwater Pearl Mussel (FWPM). FWPM designated and non-designated populations are found in the MD (Figure 5-5) (see Section 5.2 for a discussion on water quality under the 2nd cycle of the Water Framework Directive (WFD)). To the east of the MD area the Munster Blackwater cSAC, also designated for FWPM, forms the boundary with Cork County. Several lakes, notably Killarney’s Upper Lake, Muckross lake and Lough Leane, nearby Lough Guitane and several upland oligotrophic lakes, occur within the MD. All support annexed and non-annexed fisheries habitats and species. Two rare species of fish survive in the KNP lakes – arctic char and twaite shad. IFI note that while many of the MD watercourses are designated under European and National legislation a significant portion of watercourses located outside these areas are likely to hold annexed species. This includes salmon and lamprey (sea, river and brook) all of which are listed as Annex II Species. IFI note that most waters within the MD hold protected species.

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KNP is designated as an UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. The UNESCO Biosphere status was recently successfully reviewed (2017) and enlarged to incorporate the renamed Kerry Biosphere Reserve. The area of the new biosphere boundary extends beyond the existing KNP boundary to include a core, buffer and transition area. The reserve extends into the South West MD area as shown Figure 5-6. There are extensive upland areas within the MD LAP including the Paps to the east and Tomies/Sheehy/Purple/Mangerton/Stompa/Crohane ranges to the southwest/south. Associated annexed habitat includes peatlands (including priority active blanket bog) and heath. KNP itself supports some of the most extensive remaining native oak woodlands in Ireland. Annexed species within the MD plan include otter, the Kerry slug, Lesser Horseshoe bats and marsh fritillary. The Killarney fern and lake dwelling Slender naiad also occur within the plan area. Sites of local ecological value are designated as the two aforementioned NHAs and 4 pNHA - Dooneen Wood, Doo Loughs, Sheheree Bog and Mullaghanish Bog. The MD area also includes 2 Nature Reserves that overlap with Natura 2000 site designations – the aforementioned Sheheree Bog and Derrycunihy Wood (within KNP). The KNP and surrounding areas are also home to a population of native Red Deer. Other sites of local ecological value – hedgerows, wetlands, watercourses - that are undesignated but are protected in the KCDP 2015-2021 and/or under the Wildlife (Amendment) Act 1976-2005 act as stepping stones within the broader landscape and form an integral part of the existing and potential green and blue infrastructure of the plan area.

5.3.2. Existing Environmental Problems/Sensitivities As noted above the MD plan area has significant biodiversity resources including priority habitats and species designated under the Habitats Directive. Main pressures on biodiversity from land use planning include the location of Killarney town on the outskirts of extensive SPA and cSAC designations incorporating Killarney National Park and the Kerry UNESCO Biosphere. Pressures on water resources from abstraction and water quality from point source and diffuse discharges are also issues within the plan area in relation to protection of fisheries habitat and species. This is prevalent throughout the MD area as many watercourses are designated as part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment cSAC. In addition, several of these catchments hold extensive populations of FWPM. In the late 1990s Lough Leane experienced extensive algae blooms resulting in the setting up the monitoring/management Lough Leane Working Group. Water quality is discussed in more detail in Section 5.2.

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Figure 5-2 cSAC within 15km of the MD Area

40

Figure 5-3 SPA within 15km of the MD Area

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IFI note that main pressures on fisheries habitat and species arise from pressures on water quality; fish spawning and nursery areas; passage of migratory fish; ecosystem structure and functioning; sport angling and commercial fishing and amenity and recreational uses. Maintaining river continuity and avoiding fragmentation of watercourses at a landscape level from inappropriate development is key in the protection of fisheries. Disturbance of key species that breed/forage/commute near urban areas or areas under tourism pressure is notable in the MD. Other issues relating to biodiversity include localised flooding events - predominately fluvial in the context of this MD. Hard engineering solutions to flood risk such as rock armoury and/or removal of river gravels are often perceived as negating flooding pressures. These measures however have the potential to impact on fisheries habitats and species although with other species such as otter. With climate change likely to exacerbate local flooding episodes, pressures are placed for solutions that often conflict with nature conservation policy. Impacts on upland habitats form amenity and tourism pressures in particular hill walking are highlighted as a concern in mountain ranges within the MD area. Tourism and specifically eco-tourism is promoted in the plan for many areas with peat habitats sensitive to heavy foot fall. The pressures associated with tourism/amenity use is the Killarney MD would be more acute then other MD areas. Several upland ranges in the MD area are popular tourist trails including The Paps to the east and Mangerton/Tomies/Shey to the south/southwest Invasive species and the spread of both aquatic and terrestrial species is another threat to biodiversity within the plan area. The spread of aquatic invasives is a significant concern in the context of the watercourses in the MD area. As more emphasis is placed on blue infrastructure for both tourism ventures and local amenity uses, an increased potential for detrimental impacts on native habitats/species from introduced invasives e.g Zebra mussel occurs.

Figure 5-4 NHA and pNHA within the MD Area

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Figure 5-5 FWPM populations (designated and non-designated) within the MD Area.

5.1. Geology and Soils 5.1.1. Baseline Assessment Provisions for soil protection are presently integrated into several existing EU environmental directives including the Nitrates Directive, Water Framework Directive and particularly the Habitats Directive through the protection of peat soils in blanket and raised bogs. An EU Soil Directive has been proposed by the EU for a number of years but to date has not materialised. In Ireland protection of soil resources are therefore reliant on national policy relating to agriculture, forestry, waste and water etc. The potential of peat soils to sink carbon and thus aid Ireland’s obligations in relation to climate action has gained support as discussed in the EPA’s 2011 STRIVE research paper – Bogland: Sustainable Management of Peatlands in Ireland12. Soil types in the Killarney MD area are broadly represented by lowland mineral soils to the west of the MD area in and around Killarney town and Castleisland (Figure 5-7). Mountainous/hill soils and peat soils occur to the east (Stacks Mountains) with more extensive uplands to the south (including the Paps to the east and Tomies/Sheehy/Purple/Mangerton/Stompa/Crohane/)13 (Figure 5-8). Soils deposited by fluvial action occur throughout the MD, reflecting the significant number of watercourses that drain into the Lough Leane catchment. In relation to geological heritage, Geological Survey of Ireland (GSI) through the Irish Geological Heritage Programme (IGH) has identified important geological and geomorphological sites (County Geological Sites (CGS)) throughout the country. Several occur within the Killarney MD. To date IGH CGS sites in Kerry have not been designated as NHAs. They are however protected via an objective in the KCDP 2015-2021 where the sites are listed and illustrated.

12 http://www.epa.ie/pubs/reports/research/land/strive75.html [accessed 18/4/17] 13 County Kerry Agriculture Resource Survey, Published by County Kerry Committee of Agriculture Tralee, Ireland, 1972

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Figure 5-6 Kerry UNESCO Biosphere Reserve

5.1.2. Existing Environmental Problems/Sensitivities Significant problems or sensitivities around soil/geology are not specifically identifiable in the plan area in relation to land use planning. Issues are generally localised to potential sensitivities around use of brown field and/or green field sites for proposed developments and/or local impacts on sensitive geological sites. The latter is particularly relevant in relation to possible impacts from infrastructure schemes including upgrades to existing road infrastructure envisaged in the MD LAP. Impacts on upland soil types form amenity and tourism pressures in particular hill walking are highlighted as a concern in mountain ranges within the MD area. Tourism and specifically eco-tourism is promoted in the plan for many areas with peat habitats sensitive to heavy foot fall. The pressures associated with tourism/amenity use is the Killarney MD would be more acute then other MD areas. Several upland ranges in the MD area are popular tourist trails including The Paps to the east and Mangerton/Tomies/Shey to the south/southwest. As more eco or adventure tourism is promoted in the region this may exacerbate.

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Figure 5-7 Subsoil within the MD Area.

Figure 5-8 Bedrock classifications within the MD Area.

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5.2. Water 5.2.1. Baseline Assessment The Water Framework Directive (WFD) is key environmental legislation governing the management of water (surface (freshwater – river and lake), groundwater, coastal and transitional (estuarine) in Ireland. The second cycle of the WFD’s River Basin Management Plan (RBMP) is underway. Unlike the first cycle where several RBMPs were produced, one National RBMP is proposed for the 2nd cycle. It will run from 2018-2021. The first draft of the National RBMP was published by the Department of Housing, Planning, Community and Local Government (DHPCLG) in February 2017. This was followed by the first phase of Public Consultation on The River Basin Management Plan for Ireland (2018-2021) which finished at the end of August 2017. As the RBMP plan was drafted various regional workshops between the EPA, LAs and other stakeholders were held throughout 2016. The aim was to characterise the risk, as defined by the WFD, of waterbodies (WB) not meeting WFD objectives. The characterisation workshops focused on river and lake waterbody status, trends, distance to thresholds, hydrochemcial information, pollutant load and pathway information along with local knowledge of LAs, IFI and EPA. Groundwater, coastal and transitional waters were not included in this process. Information for these WBs was deemed at this stage in the cycle to be either limited and/or required large scale catchment responses. The result of the above characterisation process was the assigning of WBs (rivers and lakes) to three risk categories: At Risk of not meeting WFD objectives. More targeted supporting mitigation measures needed. Review either more information is required or where measures have recently been implemented and improvements have not been realised. Not at Risk of meeting WFD objectives. No additional investigative works required. Basic measures still however pertain to these catchments. In 2017 the EPA and the recently established Local Authority and Waters Community Office (LAWCO) convened various regional catchment assessment workshops. In consultation with representatives from other state bodies, each at risk water body was evaluated for consideration into the next phase of the WFD. The methodology that informed this decision making was overseen by the EPA in consultation with other stakeholders. Briefly, the process recommended priority “areas for action” (AFA) – essentially a subset of WB predominately at risk (but several under review) be included for further consideration. This subset of WBs or AFAs will now require specific resources moving forward into the 2nd cycle in order for objectives to be realistically met. Basic measures will continue for non-prioritised waterbodies. By November 2017 AFAs were identified across the country, including Kerry. The AFA were open to a second phase of public consultation ending in November 2017. Of AFAs recommended in Kerry, 3 fall within the Killarney MDA Plan area. It should be noted that AFAs do overlap with other MD areas as watercourses cross administrative boundaries. The rolling out of the 2nd cycle of the WFD relative to the Killarney MD LAP area is discussed in more detail below.

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5.2.2. Water Framework Directive (WFD) Second Cycle in the Killarney MD LAP Area Surface waterbodies within the Killarney MD Plan area and their status under the WFD are listed in Table 5-5 and shown in Figure 5-9. Ten waterbodies have been characterised as at risk of not meeting WFD, 3 are under review and 38 are deemed not at risk. Of these WBs 3 sub-catchments and associated WBs have been recommended as AFAs – they are highlighted in red in each table. AFAs are discussed in more detail in Section 5.2.2.2. Several lakes identified in the WFD occur in the Killarney MD LAP. They are listed in Table 5-4 and show in Figure 5-10. One lake, the Upper Killarney Lake is at risk, 11 are not at risk and 2 are under review including Ross Bay, located in the northeast corner of Lough Leane. There are no coastal or transitional waters in the MD area. Table 5-4 Lakes within the MD area.

Lake ID Waterbody Status Risk

IE_SW_22_186 Upper KY Moderate At risk

IE_SW_22_149 Crohane Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_156 Devils Punchbowl Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_165 Doo KY Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_169 Garagarry Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_152 Glannafreaghaun Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_177 Glas Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_210 Leane Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22_209 Ross Bay Unassigned Review

IE_SW_22_187 Long Range Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_178 Looscaunagh Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_154 Managh Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22_184 Muckross High Not at risk

IE_SW_22_172 Guitane Good Review

IE_SW_22_160 Erlough Unassigned Not at risk

47

Figure 5-9 Surface waterbodies within the Killarney MD area showing status and risk.

48

Figure 5-10 Lakes within the Killarney MD area showing status and risk

49

5.2.2.1. Waste Water Discharges in the MD Area A review of existing waste water discharges in the MD is provided in Table 5-6 below. Killareny, Castleisland, Barraduff, Rathmore, Farranfore, Fieries and Kilcummin are allocated population growth in the MD LAP as per the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021. None of the other settlements are allocated population growth due to the lack of waste water infrastructure. The provision of waste infrastructure in these settlements is not anticipated by Irish Water over the lifetime of the plan. Table 5-5 River waterbodies within the Killarney MD LAP – status and risk under the 2nd cycle of the WFD. AFAs are highlighted in red.

FW ID Waterbody Status Risk

IE_SW_18B020400 BLACKWATER (MUNSTER)_040 Moderate At risk

IE_SH_23C030500 CLYDAGH (FEALE)_020 Moderate At risk

IE_SW_22D010100 DEENAGH_010 Poor At risk

IE_SW_22F090400 FAHADUFF_010 Moderate At risk

IE_SW_22F040100 FINOW_010 High At risk

IE_SW_22F040300 FINOW_020 Moderate At risk

IE_SW_22G070200 GLANTANE_010 Poor At risk

IE_SW_22G061200 GWEESTIN_040 Poor At risk

IE_SW_22M010400 MAINE_020 Moderate At risk

IE_SW_22M010700 MAINE_040 Moderate At risk

IE_SW_22G040110 Glanooragh_010 Unassigned Review

IE_SW_22K040500 KEALBROGEEN STREAM (LAUNE)_010

Unassigned Review

IE_SW_22S010020 SHANOWEN (MAINE)_010 Good Review

IE_SW_22W010300 WOODFORD (FLESK)_010 Unassigned Review

IE_SW_22B010600 BEHEENAGH_010 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_21B030100 BLACKWATER (KERRY)_010 High Not at risk

IE_SW_21B030200 BLACKWATER (KERRY)_020 High Not at risk

IE_SW_18B020050 BLACKWATER (MUNSTER)_010 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_18B020075 BLACKWATER (MUNSTER)_020 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22B030100 BROWN FLESK_010 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22B030250 BROWN FLESK_020 High Not at risk

IE_SH_23C030200 CLYDAGH (FEALE)_010 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22C070200 CRINNAGH_010 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22D010500 DEENAGH_020 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22D030400 DOGUE_010 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22F020040 FLESK (KERRY)_020 High Not at risk




IE_SW_22F020310 FLESK (KERRY)_060 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22G030100 GEARHAMEEN_010 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22G030300 GEARHAMEEN_020 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22G060300 GWEESTIN_010 Good Not at risk

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FW ID Waterbody Status Risk

IE_SW_22G060600 GWEESTIN_020 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22G060900 GWEESTIN_030 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22L010100 LAUNE_010 Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22L010200 LAUNE_020 Good Not at risk



IE_SW_22L010510 LAUNE_050 Unassigned Not at risk

IE_SW_22L020500 LITTLE MAINE_010 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22L021000 LITTLE MAINE_020 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22L040400 LOO_010 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22M010300 MAINE_010 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22M010500 MAINE_030 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_21O020200 OWBEG (ROUGHTY)_010 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_21O020500 OWBEG (ROUGHTY)_020 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22O030200 OWENREAGH_010 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22O030400 OWENREAGH_020 Good Not at risk

IE_SW_22O060100 OWGARRIFF (FINOW)_010 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22O050400 OWNEYKEAGH_010 High Not at risk

IE_SW_22Q010400 QUAGMIRE_010 Good Not at risk

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Table 5-6 Waste Water Discharges in the Killarney MD Area14 Discharge Reg Number

Authorisation Type & Status

Agglomeration Name

Agglomeration Size PE

Agglomeration PE & Plant Design

Treatment Receiving WB WB Risk [AFAs highlighted in red]

Upgrade by Irish Water

D0037-01 Licence/Licensed Killarney >10,000 26,845/54,000 Secondary Deenagh_20 Not at risk

D0180-01 Licence/Licensed Castleisland >10,000 3571/6000 Secondary Maine_20 At risk Investment

and

improvements

in line with

Irish Water

strategic

plans.

D0419-01 Licence/Licensed Rathmore 1291/1750 Secondary Blackwater_40 At risk

A0090-01 Certificate/Certified Gneeveguilla < 500 270/550 Secondary Quaigmire_10 Not at risk

A0230-01 Certificate/Certified Barraduff < 500 118/1316 Secondary Owneykeagh_10 Not at risk

A073-01 Certificate/Certified Farranfore < 500 300/187 Secondary Maine_040 At risk Investment

and

improvements

in line with

Irish Water

strategic

plans.

D0460-01 Licence/Licensed Fieries >500 500-1000/1500 Secondary Maine_040 At risk

14 http://www.epa.ie/terminalfour/wwda/wwda-search.jsp?countyName=Kerry&Submit=Search+by+County [accessed 24/11/17]

http://www.epa.ie/terminalfour/wwda/wwda-search.jsp?countyName=Kerry&Submit=Search+by+County

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5.2.2.2. Areas for Action (AFA) in the Killarney MD LAP Within the Killarney MD LAP area 3 AFAs and corresponding waterbodies (WB) are identified for further investigation in the 2nd cycle of the WFD. They are listed below in Table 5-7 with brief reasons for selection as an AFA provided15. The AFAs are illustrated in Figure 5-11. In relation to the AFAs it should be noted that the Fahaduff/Upper Maine subcatchment headwaters occur within the administrative boundary of Tralee MD LAP area. However, significant pressures identified within the AFA WBs relate to downstream pressures including those from Castleisland town. Although, certain pressures associated with general objectives outlined in the Tralee MD LAP have the potential to impact on these WBs, it is recognised that the more significant pressures on the AFA are likely to occur within the Killarney MD LAP area. The catchments are therefore included in this report (Table 5-7).

Figure 5-11 AFAs within the Killarney MD Area (see also Table 5-7)

15As outlined in the Draft Report on South West Region Catchment Assessment Workshop for South West Regional Water and Environment Committee, Ver.1, August 2017, unpublished report by LAWCO and EPA. See also http://watersandcommunities.ie/areas-for-action/ [accessed 17/11/17]

http://watersandcommunities.ie/areas-for-action/

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Table 5-7 Recommended AFA within the Killarney MD Plan to be prioritised under the second cycle of the WFD16 Recommended Area for Action

Reason for Selection17 No. of At Risk WB No. of Review WBs

*Fahaduff and the Upper Maine

•Build on proposed improvements at Castleisland WWTP. • Inland Fisheries Ireland reported two fish kills between 2013 - 2015. • Active community group • Ultimately discharges into Tralee Castlemaine shellfish area. • Maine is an important salmonid river.

2

• Fahaduff_010

• Maine_20

0

Deenagh • Of Interest from a planning perspective. • Build on work completed for the Lough Leane project. • Headwaters to Lough Leane. • One deteriorated water body. • One water body (Deenagh_010) is failing to meet its protected area objectives for salmon

1

• Deenagh_10

0

Finow • Project to examine impact from abstraction. • One deteriorated High Ecological Status objective water body. • Two water bodies failing to meet protected area objectives for salmon. • One potential 'quick win'. • Headwaters to Lough Leane.

2

• FINOW10

• FINOW_20

0

*Headwaters occur in the Tralee MD LAP administrative boundary but associated WBs predominately occur the Killarney MD Area.

5.2.2.3. Protected Areas The 2nd cycle of the WFD will see a continued emphasis on WBs listed on the Register of Protected Areas. These are areas identified as those requiring special protection under existing national or European legislation, either to protect their surface water or groundwater, or to conserve habitats or species that directly depend on those waters. Those within the Killarney MD LAP are listed below in Table 5-8 and remain the same from the 1st cycle of the WFD.

16 Ibid 17 Ibid

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Table 5-8 Protected Areas in the Killarney MD LAP18 Protected Area WB (WFD ID in brackets)

Drinking waters Gaddagh Flesk Beheenagh Ownekeagh Owengariff Lough Guitance Lough Glannafreaghaun

Nutrient Sensitive Areas Lough Leane

SAC Castlemaine Harbour cSAc Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment Blackwater (Munster) cSAC Sheheree Bog cSAC

Mullaghanish Bog cSAC

SPA Killarney National Park

Salmoinds River Regs (SI 293) Blackwater (Munster) Brown Flesk Maine

5.2.2.4. Hydrogeology (Groundwater) The Killarney MD LAP area extends over 6 ground waterbodies (GWB). Their status and risk under the 2nd cycle of the WFD are detailed in Table 5-9 and shown on Figure 5-12. Groundwater vulnerability varies across the MD. Vulnerability corresponds to elevations across the MD. The extensive upland areas are extreme to rock at or near the surface. Lowlands areas immediately around Castleisland south to Cordal, Currow, Farranfore and Fieries is classed as low. In contrast vulnerability around Killarney town and immediate environs including Kilcummin is moderate – high. Further east towards Barraduff and Rathmore vulnerability is predominately low-moderate (Figure 5-12). In relation to aquifer productivity, aquifers are Locally Important Aquifer - Bedrock which is Moderately Productive only in Local Zones across large areas of the MD (Figure 5-13). Bands of regionally important - Karstified (diffuse) occur around Castleisland and Killarney. Pockets of Locally Important Aquifer – Karstified occur in the MD area near Gneevgullia and south of Farranfore. Table 5-9 Groundwater waterbodies within the Killarney MD LAP – status and risk under the 2nd cycle of the WFD. GB WATERBODY ID WATERBODY STATUS RISK

IE_SW_G_026 Castlemaine Good Review

IE_SW_G_048 Laune Muckross Good Review

IE_SW_G_019 Beara Sneem Good Not at risk

IE_SW_G_022 Cahersiveen Good Not at risk

IE_SW_G_073 Scartaglin Good Not at risk

IE_SW_G_070 Rathmore West Good Not at risk

18 https://gis.epa.ie/EPAMaps/ [accessed 24/11/17]

https://gis.epa.ie/EPAMaps/

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Figure 5-12 Groundwater vulnerability, status and risk in the MD Area.

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Figure 5-13 Aquifer productivity in MD area.

5.2.3. Existing Environmental Problems/Sensitivities As noted above the MD plan area has significant water resources – predominately freshwater, and groundwater – as defined under both the WFD and the Habitats Directive. The WFD, now in its second cycle, has specifically focused on key catchments and associated waterbodies that will require specific measures going forward to 2021. In Killarney MD 3 catchments have been identified as AFAs (see above). The pressures on these systems is extrapolated from research undertaken as part of the initial stages of the 2nd cycle of the WFD and in the identification of the systems as AFAs in the first instance. Ultimately, however further research is required to investigate the main pressures on these systems. This work is ongoing at the time of writing and will form part of the roll out of the 2nd cycle of the WFD. In general, main pressures on water resources in the MD linked to the LAP relate to both urban waste water discharges and one-off discharges from single housing developments. Urban run-off from combined storm and sewer network is a significant issue in relation to water quality particularly in urban settlements such as Killarney. Irish Water have confirmed a Drainage area Plan (DAP) is proposed for the town. The WWTP serving the town has a population design capacity of 54,000pe and has a load of approximately 33,000pe. Therefore, population figures can be accommodated. The EPA’s recent Urban Waste Water Treatment in 2016 records Castleisland waste water treatment plant as a “priority area” ie. an urban area where improvements are required to resolve environmental priorities in order to be in compliance with the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive. Works are ongoing with Irish Water to resolve the issue which predominately relates to nutrient loading. Recently an application by Irish Water to provide a sewer link from Kilcummin to Killarney has been granted by An Bord Pleanála. Impacts on the Deenagh however are upstream of Kilcummin indicating factors other than waste water are impacting on water quality in the system. The roll out of the 2nd cycle of the WFD should

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provide additional information on possible impacts. Nutrient loading is also an issue in relation to the Rathmore waste water discharges which discharges into the Blackwater which has populations of FWPM. Proposed works to alleviate are ongoing as part of Irish Water’s programme of works. Barraduff and Fieries have new waste water treatment plants recently constructed and are in operation. Flooding and responses to flood risk can imply hard engineering solutions such as rock armoury and/or removal of river gravels, this can impact on the ecological status of a waterbody including the hydropmorphology of surface watercourses. Invasive species and the spread of both terrestrial but specifically aquatic species is another threat to waterbodies within the plan area. As more emphasis is placed on blue infrastructure for both tourism ventures and local amenity uses, there is an increased potential for detrimental impacts on native habitats/species from introduced invasives. Localised impacts on riparian habitats from development and damage to river banks from rock armoury etc and/or forms of development is another environmental problem identified in the plan area.

5.3. Air Quality 5.3.1. Baseline Assessment The National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network is monitored by the EPA and reported on annually. The most recent report relates to results from 2016 data - Air Quality in Ireland 2016 Key Indicators of Ambient Air Quality. The report acknowledges the growing awareness that air pollution has a significantly greater impact on human health then previously realised (see Section 5.2 for a discussion of same). This is recognised nationally by the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment (DCCAE) with a proposal to draft a National Clean Air Strategy (NCAS). A Cleaning Our Air, Public Consultation to inform the development of a National Clean Air Strategy was available for public consultation by the DCCAE in 2017. In brief, the NCAS aims to promote clean air policies to enhance and protect the quality of the air we breathe19. The most recent EPA data from both Air Quality in Ireland 2016 and Ireland’s Environment, An Assessment 2016 outline the main air quality trends based on monitoring from the national ambient air quality network. Again records show monitored exceedances of the WHO guideline values for ozone, SO2 and NO2 and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) at a number of sites. There are no current exceedances of the lower (less protective) EU standards at the existing monitoring locations in Ireland. The reports also highlight the main challenges of reducing air pollution in Ireland from two key sources. These are particulate matter emissions from solid fuel burning (e.g. peat, coal and wood) in the residential sector and NO2/SO2 emissions from vehicles in the transport sector. In brief home heating of fossil fuels and transport are two key factors influencing air quality in Ireland particularly at local level. Under the EU Framework for Directive on Air Quality (1996/62/EC) legislation on air quality requires that member states divide their territory into zones for the assessment and management of air quality. In Ireland there are four air quality Zones A, B, C and D. Zone A is the Dublin conurbation, Zone B is the Cork conurbation with Zone C comprising 21 large towns in Ireland with a population >15,000. Zone D is the remaining area of Ireland20. Killarney MD is one zone, Zone D.

19 http://www.dccae.gov.ie/documents/Clean%20Air%20Strategy%20Public%20Consultation.pdf [accessed 10/4/17] 20 http://www.epa.ie/air/quality/data/va/ [accessed 21/11/17]

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Real time data of air quality is available for Kerry from the nearest (and only) EPA air quality monitoring station in the county – the Valentia Observatory in Caherciveen, Co Kerry. This monitoring data and the EPA’s 2013 Air Quality Index for Health (AQIH) provides some regional information on air quality. The latter has a specific function to link air quality to health (see Section 5.2 for a discussion of same). Monitoring data indicates that overall air quality is good for the MD area. However, as discussed in Section 5.2 the measurements are a relatively crude measure of air quality and local data is not readily available for a MD or county/regional level. Killarney MD area is a relatively rural MD with little or no heavy industry or traditional energy sector historically associated with impacts on air quality. Settlements in the MD are relatively small settlements, and none are associated with local air quality issues. However, as noted no real-time data occurs for the settlements. An awareness around the national lack of information on local air quality, particularly in linking same to health, underpins the EPA’s Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme (AAMP), launched in November 2017. The AAMP is built around three pillars: improved national monitoring scheme; improved modelling and forecasting and citizen engagement. Citizen engagement will highlight the links between air quality, health and the actions or clean air choices that can be taken by citizens to directly impact and improve their local air quality. Reflecting the two key impacts on air quality – fossil fuel and transport - two key solutions are offered – a move towards cleaner, more efficient home fuel and a transition in modes of transport from car dependency to alternative modes of transport. Both responses are also linked to Ireland’s responsibilities towards climate change challenges ie mitigation but also adaptation. These synergies with climate action are discussed further in Section 5.4. Most common pollutants in an Irish context - particulate matter and NO/SO2 - relate to the burning of solid fuel for heating and transport, respectively. Kerry with its dispersed rural population reliant on high rates of car usage and traditional forms of home heating would be vulnerable to both pollutants. With the lack of regional/local information, national trends can certainly be applied to the county and trends for the MD extrapolated accordingly. Applying trends for example from the EPA’s AQIH and data from its real-time air quality monitoring station (based in Caherciveen), the following assumptions21 could be made for the Killarney MD area:

• overall air quality is good however on average 20-30 days per year air quality is fair, poor or very poor,

• in rural areas fair air quality is mainly caused by the pollutant ozone,

• in small towns and large towns (namely Killarney), fair air quality is usually due to ozone or particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). In these areas, the most significant local source of particulate matter is domestic use of solid fuel, e.g. coal and wood. Air quality will be poor or very poor on about 10 days per year - most likely during periods of cold and still weather.

• Finally, Killarney as a large urban town with high rates of car usage and commuting for work and education is likely to suffer from localised air quality impacts from traffic specifically at peak commuting hours.

5.3.2. Existing Environmental Problems/Sensitivities As noted above and earlier in Section 5.2 there are no specific values for air quality for the MD area. As outlined local air quality in Ireland is particularly influenced by home heating and transport associated fuel consumption. Considering the settlement patterns in the Killarney MD area and associated high dependency of car travel, it can be expected that air quality within the MD is influenced by both emissions associated with travel and solid fuel burning and most likely occurs at a very local/spatial level.

21 http://www.epa.ie/air/quality/pro/

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In the context of a land use plan, travel times/commuting distances to work and amenity/recreational activities is heavily influenced by settlement strategies. Sustainable settlements where people work and live in close proximity is a pre-requisite for reduced transport times. It also allows from sustainable forms of energy use such as district heating schemes coupled with a move away from fossil fuel.

5.4. Climatic Factors 5.4.1. Baseline Assessment Planning for climate change has become national policy in recent years further to the publishing of the National Policy Position on climate action and low carbon development in 2014 and the Climate Action and Low Carbon Development Act of 2015. Underpinning our national policy is the National Transition Objective - the goal of achieving a “low carbon, climate resilient and environmentally sustainable economy by the end of the year 2050”. The key challenge is to integrate (or mainstream) the National Transition Objective into all levels of national, regional and local decision-making including policies, plans and programmes and strategies (PPPS). This is envisaged by the parallel national dual strategies of mitigation - of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), and adaptation - to the impacts of climate change. Nationally mitigation and adaptation responses are being led by Government through a series of statutory National Mitigation Plans (NMP) and National Adaptation Frameworks (NAF). Both statutory plans are seen as dynamic, iterative processes that will need regular review (at least every 5 years) as climate change policy evolves in the decades towards 2050.

5.4.2. Mitigation In early 2017 DCCAE launched a consultation paper on the country’s first NMP22. The plan was subsequently published in July 2017. The NMP is the first in a series of statutory national plans setting out, on an incremental basis, Ireland's low carbon development strategy over the period to 2050. It essentially looks at how the low carbon policy of the National Transition Objective will be achieved presenting a roadmap of how Ireland, based on the Paris Agreements23, will achieve decarbonisation by 2020, 2030 and onto 2050. The key focus is on reduction of greenhouse emissions in electricity, transport and the built environment towards various legally binding National, EU and International agreed emission targets. Most recent national trends indicate that Ireland’s emissions peaked in 2001, slowed during the intervening 8-10 years and are now increasing again in line with an improving economy24. The NMP acknowledges that curbing emissions is a particular challenge for agriculture and the transport sector moving towards 203025.

5.4.3. Adaptation Ireland’s first step towards a national policy on adaptation was the non-statutory 2012 National Climate Change Adaptation Framework26. A more recent National Adaptation Framework (NAF) has since been drafted by the DCCAE with public consultation closing in October 201727. The NAF was published in early 2018 28.

22 National Mitigation Plan, July 2017, DCCAE available at http://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/climate-action/consultations/Pages/National-Mitigation-Plan-.aspx [accessed 11/4/17] 23 The Paris Agreement (12 December 2015) commits 196 countries to the mitigation goal of limiting the increase in global temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. The agreement also includes a long-term adaptation goal which refers to enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change in a manner that does not threaten food production. 24 National Mitigation Plan, July 2017, DCCAE available at http://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/climate-action/consultations/Pages/National-Mitigation-Plan-.aspx [accessed 12/1/18] 25 Ibid 26 National Climate Change Adaptation Framework, Building Resilience to Climate Change, 2012, DECLG. 27 https://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/climate-action/consultations/Pages/Public-Consultation-on-Draft-National-Adaptation-Framework.aspx 28 ibid

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The NAF29 explains that in contrast to mitigation which seeks to reduce future emissions, adaptation acknowledges that even if emissions ceased immediately it would not prevent the likely effects of climate change. The impact of climate change will continue over the coming decades. Adaptation therefore seeks to plan ahead for the unavoidable consequences of climate change and the associated economic, environmental and social costs. This involves forecasting negative impacts or risks/vulnerabilities but also recognising possible opportunities from climate change. Relative to the National Transition Objective the NAF looks at how climate resilient actions will be achieved. Coupled with mitigation is represents the second pillar of Ireland’s national policy on climate action. At a strategic level a three-tiered approach to adaptation is envisaged – assessing the key risks/vulnerabilities; agreeing climate resilient actions and ensuring climate adaptation considerations are mainstreamed into policy/decision making. At a practical level the NAF explains how adaptation measures can occur along a spectrum from simply raising awareness through to engineered solutions. It classifies three main types of adaptation measures – soft (changes in behaviour, regulation or system of management), green (utilise ecological systems to enhance resilience) and grey (technical or engineered resilience solutions). Within this spectrum the NAF acknowledges the role of individual or “independent” adaptation choices that can offset impacts to climate change. However, it equally acknowledges that a national, cross-sectoral, coordinated adaptation response is necessary for a climate resilient Ireland. “Climate resilient” is broadly defined as pathways being actively pursued that reduce climate change and its impacts, manage risk and promote sustainable development30. To this end the NAF mandates the production of key, climate sensitive, sectoral adaptation plans – for e.g. forestry, energy, transport but also local government. A number of technical supports have been produced to assist in the development of local level adaptation strategies including the Local Authority Adaptation Strategy Development Guidelines, commissioned by the EPA in 201631. Regional synergies are envisaged. The Atlantic Seaboard South Regional Climate Change Office will see Kerry County Council, as an example, collaborating in a regional partnership with Cork, Limerick and Clare to produce regional guidelines that will feed into locally led county specific adaptation plans. This process was ongoing at the time of writing (April 2018).

5.4.4. Climate Action in the context of the MD LAPs. Many of the challenges and proposed responses to climate change outlined in the NMP/NAF are strategic in nature and will involve commitments at National, European and boarder International level. Nonetheless, as stated the NMP and NAF acknowledge that local government are envisaged to play a key role in meeting national climate change challenges. Both reports for example state that at an immediate level LAs are pivotal in both planning for and responding to severe climatic events such as flooding or storms events. LAs also have extensive local knowledge of their geographical areas including the natural and man-made environments. This coupled with existing inter-community communication links, implies LAs are best placed to lead in driving awareness and engagement within the community around climate action. Leading a climate change agenda in the public realm is elaborated on in the NAF.

29 Draft National Adaptation Framework, Planning for a Climate Resilient Ireland, September 2017, DCCAE available at https://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/climate-action/consultations/Pages/Public-Consultation-on-Draft-National-Adaptation-Framework.aspx [accessed 11/10/18]. 30 Draft National Adaptation Framework, Planning for a Climate Resilient Ireland, September 2017, DCCAE available at https://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/climate-action/consultations/Pages/Public-Consultation-on-Draft-National-Adaptation-Framework.aspx [accessed 11/10/18, pg65]. 31 Local Authority Adaptation Strategy, Development Guidelines, Gray S., 2016, published by the EPA

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Of relevance to this report however is the reiteration in both the NMP and NAF that spatial planning is a key player in climate change action - particularly adaptation. The NMP notes spatial planning can shape new and existing developments in ways that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase resilience to the impacts of climate change and enable renewable energy obligations to be met. A strong spatial plan will also help to prioritise the development of crucial infrastructure such as public transport that can deliver optimum national benefits in relation to the national transition objective for 205032. This is reinforced in the NAF which states more compact, less energy-intensive forms of urban development are crucial in the adaptation to climate change specifically at a local level. This “integration” of climate action into planning policy has already commenced. In 2010 amendments to the Planning and Development Act, specifically Section 10(2)(n), required the inclusion of objectives to mitigate against climate change and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Objectives were subsequently included in the KCDP adopted in 2015. As the next land use plan in the hierarchy of planning policy as outlined in Section 2 (Figure 2-1), MD plans will need to augment this integration – directly through policies and objectives that support climate action but also indirectly through spatial and physical planning. The latter needs to dictate a vision for the future development of the MD that for example supports local transport initiatives; provision of green infrastructure; appropriate zoning/development of lands and addressing of flooding issues. Taken in combination these clear synergies between plan making and the implementation of preferred adaptation options will ultimately and cumulatively form part of the local, regional and ultimately national response to climate action.

5.4.5. Existing Environmental Problems/Sensitivities Besides flooding (see SFRA for more detailed discussion on same in relation to the Killarney MD Plan) there is little research on the impacts of climate change at local or regional areas in Ireland. Nationally however climate research predicts certain trends and associated impacts from climate change33. Observations show that Ireland’s climate is changing in terms of sea level rise, increases in average air and sea temperature, changes in precipitation patterns and weather extremes. Associated likely impacts are increased flows to river catchments, water shortages in summer; increased risk of new pests and diseases; adverse impacts on water quality; and changes in the distribution and time of lifecycle events of plant and animal species on land and in the oceans34. Climate change will therefore have a diverse and wide-ranging impact on Ireland’s environment, society, economic and natural resources. These include managed and natural ecosystems, water resources, agriculture and food security, human health and coastal infrastructures and zones. These changes are projected to continue and increase over the coming decades. Looking at the key issues facing Ireland outlined above certain extrapolations can be made on possible impacts on Kerry and specifically the Killarney MD area. The most obvious is impacts from severe weather events. Fluvial flooding in river systems throughout the MD area – in particular the Flesk – are a particular risk. Flooding in specifically addressed in the SFRA that accompanies the Killarney MD Plan. Temperature changes – in air and aquatic environments - may also affect the MD area resulting in changes or shifts in local biodiversity. Increase in temperatures of watercourses for example will impact on fisheries habitat and species that evolved in temperate environments.

32 National Mitigation Plan, July 2017, DCCAE available at http://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/climate-action/consultations/Pages/National-Mitigation-Plan-.aspx [accessed 11/4/17] 33 See https://www.climateireland.ie/#/ 34 Draft National Adaptation Framework, Planning for a Climate Resilient Ireland, September 2017, DCCAE available at https://www.dccae.gov.ie/en-ie/climate-action/consultations/Pages/Public-Consultation-on-Draft-National-Adaptation-Framework.aspx [accessed 11/10/18

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As noted that main response to climate action that will be integrated in to all MD LAP plans is an emphasis on compact, less energy-intensive forms of urban development. Section 5.2 provided an overview of settlement patterns in the Killarney MD area in the inter-census period of 2011-2016. Several trends are obvious. Firstly, the stagnation and/or decline of smaller villages and settlements within the MD area, including the district town of Castleisland and secondly, the increase in developments (one-off housing) in rural areas. In contrast settlements on the outskirts of Killarney town under urban pressure such as Fieries and Kilcummin have grown. These trends are at variance with the settlement patterns required for a response to climate change. It is particularly prevalent in an Irish context where transport is a key area of failure in meeting targets associated with mitigation. Dispersed rural settlement implies greater car dependency with people not living in the places where they work, go to school or access services.

5.5. Material Assets 5.5.1. Baseline Assessment The EPA SEA Process Draft Checklist (2008) defines material assets as the critical infrastructure essential for the functioning of society such as: electricity generation and distribution, water supply, wastewater treatment, transportation, etc. Material assets can be both natural and man-made. The former has been previously identified in other sections of this scoping report – such as soil, geology, water resources, ecology and landscapes of both scenic and cultural significance. In this section material assets will specifically focus on man-made infrastructure such as transport (road, rail and air) and other public infrastructure. Water supply and waste water treatment are intrinsically linked to water but as the infrastructure for both are identified as a material asset they are discussed in this section. 5.5.1.1. Water Infrastructure The settlement hierarchy outlined in Section 2.3 of this plan is based on the Core Strategy of the KCDP 2015-2021. This is based on the waste water capacity within these settlements and likely improvement/upgrade works by Irish Water. All the other settlements/villages within the MD plan and listed in Table 1-1 have either no public waste water infrastructure and/or Irish Water have no short-term foreseeable plans to provide infrastructure. Therefore, no further residential development is proposed in these settlements until such time as waste water infrastructure is provided. The WWTP serving Killarney town has a population design capacity of 54,000pe and has a load of approximately 33,000pe. Irish Water have confirmed a Drainage area Plan (DAP) is also proposed for the town. The EPA’s recent Urban Waste Water Treatment in 2016 records Castleisland waste water treatment plant as a “priority area” ie. an urban area where improvements are required to resolve environmental priorities in order to be in compliance with the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive. Works are ongoing with Irish Water to resolve the issue which predominately relates to nutrient loading. Nutrient loading is also an issue in relation to the Rathmore waste water emissions which discharges into the River Blackwater designated for populations of FWPM. Proposed alleviation works are ongoing as part of Irish Water’s strategic programme of works. Barraduff and Fieries have new waste water treatment plants recently constructed and are in operation. Recently an application by Irish Water to provide a sewer link from Kilcummin to Killarney has been granted by An Bord Pleanála. Impacts on the Deenagh however are upstream of Kilcummin indicating factors other than waste water are impacting on water quality in the system. Irish Water is currently upgrading the central regional water supply which serves a number of the settlements in the MD area including Killarney and Castleisland. Treatment processes are also being upgraded. When complete the plant will have a capacity of 51 MLD and the

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infrastructure will be capable of meeting the demands of the population targets of the KCDP 2015-2021. As previously assessed in the KCDP 2015-2021 population growth as outlined in the Core Strategy has taken into account water infrastructure in the county and allocated population figures accordingly. The MD reflects these figures and previous assessments undertaken as part of the KCDP 2015-2021 SEA and NIR. 5.5.1.2. Transport Infrastructure including Kerry Airport There are a number of proposed road infrastructure projects outlined in the MD plan particularly

in the environs of Killarney. The area is served by the N21, N22, N23 National Primary routes, numerous regional roads and an extensive network of local roads. Transport Infrastructure Ireland is developing/progressing road schemes in the Killarney Municipal District area, specifically the N22 Killarney to Farranfore and the Southern Relief Road schemes. The proposed realignment of the N22 from Farranfore to Killarney as an indicative route is included in the plan. A second major road scheme is proposed from Deerpark to Loreto Road on the eastern side of Killarney town. Part of this route was previously indicated in the Killarney Town Development Plan. A new extension to this route is however proposed through Bishop’s Farm over the River Flesk southwards to Mill road and onto Loreto Road. Overall the MD plan has good transport infrastructure links including the rail line and Kerry International Airport. Kerry Airport is an important part of the county’s transport infrastructure and key to the development of the Tralee/Killarney Development Hub as designated by the National Spatial Strategy. The airport, located close to Farranfore village, is vital in promoting the county for both tourists and business executives. It has a key role in increasing accessibility to the county’s major urban centres. More recently the concept of blueways developing along the county’s coastline and waterways has grown in popularity as have greenways along former railway lines. In Killarney several walks along rivers and lakes are proposed including the Lough Leane Looped trail and the Gap of Dunloe Greenway. In Castleisland the former Castleisland-Gortatlea-Fieries railway line greenway is also proposed. Walkways along local watercourses are also proposed at Castleisland, Barranduff, Fieries, Kilcummin, Fossa and Currow. 5.5.1.3. Telecommunication/Broadband Infrastructure In the MD area locally based Internet Service providers (ISP’s) continue to provide both

wireless and fibre broadband. Commercial operator Siro are currently constructing a Fibre network in Killarney town and this will be complete mid 2018. The Killarney Town Metropolitan Area Networks or ‘MANS’, which are wholesale fibre ring networks are operated by eNet. In addition locally based Internet Service providers (ISP’s) continue to provide both wireless and fibre broadband throughout the County. The countywide availability of high speed broadband is ultimately linked to the National Broadband Plan (NBP). It is a Government policy initiative which aims to deliver high-speed broadband to every household and business in Ireland within 3-5 years of commencement of the large-scale rollout. The Government procurement process is currently on-going with a contractor initially due to be selected during 2018. The process however has been considerably delayed and those timelines continue to change. Nonetheless, in anticipation of a roll out there are several objectives in the MD plan to support

the NBP – including facilitating the development of digital hubs; the establishment of start-up

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enterprise space in existing unoccupied buildings and facilitating homeworking and development of co-working Hubs.

5.5.2. Existing Environmental Problems Considering the position of the Killarney MD LAP in the policy framework outlined in Section 2, infrastructure within the MD LAP is guided to a large degree by higher level plans notably the KCDP 2015-2021 but also the strategic national plans of for example Irish Water and TII. Nonetheless, the Killarney MD LAP will play a pivotal role in supporting objectives for local infrastructure including works to the local road network; car parks and other public infrastructure, zoning for public infrastructure and the facilitation of the provision of broadband infrastructure. Protecting, maintaining and providing public infrastructure is crucial to the economic and social development of the county. Protection of routes for linear developments from inappropriate developments or incompatible development is necessary which is reflected in the zonings proposed in the MD plan. Negative perceptions amongst the community to certain infrastructure projects including for example greenways/walkways, can be significant local issues.

5.6. Cultural Heritage Heritage within the LAP predominately includes archaeological heritage, built heritage and cultural.

5.6.1. Baseline Environment – Archaeological The archaeological heritage of the county, including the MD area, is protected via the National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994. It makes provision for the compilation of a record of all known monuments in the county - The Record of Monuments and Places (RMP). This list is provided in the KCDP 2015-2021. In addition, Kerry has a number of specific archaeological landscapes where the landscape setting and character of monuments are protected. These archaeological special protection areas are listed in the KCDP 2015-2021. Finally, underwater archaeology is another resource recognised within the county and specifically applies to the MD area. There are over 912 monuments listed in the Record of Monuments & Places for the Killarney Municipal District area. Since the Record of Monuments & Places was compiled 1997 on foot of the provisions of the National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994 many further monuments and features have come to light and the Sites & Monuments Record (SMR) contains 643 further monuments in the KMD that are awaiting inclusion in the RMP. Based on the SMR records the real total for archaeological monuments and features in the area is 1,555 an increase of over 58% on the total shown in the RMP. Of these recorded monuments six are National Monuments in state ownership or guardianship (Table 5-10). A further three are National Monuments subject to a preservation order (Table 5-11). Table 5-10 National Monuments in State Ownership or Guardianship

Townland Description Status RMP No. Nat Mon No.

Ballymallis Castle Ownership Ke057 076 364

Innisfallen Church, Oratory & Abbey

Ownership Ke066 072002 Ke066 072007 Ke066 072008 Ke072 072016

183

Muckross Friary Guardianship Ke066 081001 311

Parkavonear Ecclesiastical Site Ownership Ke066 016001- Ke066 016006

53

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Parkavonear Castle Ownership Ke066 017001 236

Ross Island Castle Ownership Ke066 074001 534

Table 5-11 National Monuments Preservation Order

PO ID

PO NO

DATE DESCRIPTION TOWNLAND RMP NO

140 41/76 8/10/76 Castle Site (court) Castlefarm Ke048 035

139 40/76 21/9/76 Ringfort Clasheen Ke067 039

146 3/64 27/5/64 Ringfort ‘Lispatrickbawn’ Garraundarragh Ke039 107

The following information on the archaeological resources within the Killarney MD area is based on information, unless otherwise stated, from the County Archaeologist. 5.6.1.1. Prehistory There is little or no definitive evidence for settlement within the area prior to the Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age transition (Chalcolithic/Beaker period etc.) probably around 2,500-2200BC notwithstanding the possible evidence for a short lived Mesolithic camp at Ross Island, the seven stone axes recorded from the area immediately north of Lough Leane or the possibility that the cairns crowning The Paps cover passage tombs of middle Neolithic date.. However there is substantial evidence for settlement during the Bronze Age across the region. Wedge tombs occur in the eastern part of the area at Crohane, Gortalicka and Gortakilla in the uplands south and east of Lough Guitane. The oldest copper mine in north-west Europe is located at Ross Island with associated Beaker settlement evidence while beaker pottery has also been recovered from Ardagh on the outskirts of Killarney. Early Bronze Age metalwork is again heavily concentrated in the Killarney area with hoards from Knockasarnet and Cullinagh, a lunula from Killarney and single axe finds from Ballycasheen, Killarney and Muckross. Other axes are recorded from the River Laune, and Awnaskirtaun on the Cork – Kerry border near The Paps while a second lunula is recorded from Mangerton (British Museum). Stone rows, standing stones, field systems and possible stone circles are all recorded in the eastern part of the area in the uplands running east to the Cork border and probably date to the Middle-Late Bronze Age. The centre and north of the area has the highest density of burnt mounds/fulachta fiadh and earthen barrows in the county which is reflective of strong settlement activity in the area during the period from around 1800 – 700BC while the massive hillfort at Glanbane, at the north-western extent of the municipal district, acknowledges the development of a hierarchical, tribal society in late prehistory. There is also one possible crannóg or artificial island settlement site located in Lough Guitane which may well date to late prehistory or the early medieval period. Middle and Late Bronze Age metalwork is not so heavily concentrated in the Killarney area though the only hoard is from near Killarney, and there is the gold bar/ring from Aghalee More. Other finds include a sunflower pin from the River Laune to the west of Killarney and a gold bracelet from Headfort and flanged axe from Knockinane East, to the east of Killarney. A La Tène, Iron Age decorated horse-bit from Headfort, east of Killarney indicates activity into the Iron Age, and is the only La Tène decorated Iron Age artifact from the county. 5.6.1.2. Historic Period The arrival of Christianity in the 5th century created a new dynamic and while conversion was a gradual process early monastic foundations took root quickly. Early enclosures are know in the area particularly at the south-west and south while records suggest the former presence of early monasteries at the sites of later medieval centres like Aghadoe, Innisfallen and

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Kilcummin. Early medieval metalwork and art is well represented by the outstanding crosier from the River Laune and the walrus ivory crosier head from Aghadoe while Innisfallen was also home to the Annals of Innisfallen, a record of important events in the medieval period. The ubiquitous ringfort was the farmstead of the medieval period and is a clear indicator of the settlement patterns of the time. Stone forts or cashels/cahers occur exclusively in the uplands in the south of the area while the classic earthen ringfort occupies the more low-lying, well-drained agricultural land of the centre and north of the district. Souterrains, the underground refuges and storage areas associated with many ringforts are also well documented. Early Anglo-Norman castles are represented by ruins at Parkavonear on the southern edge of the district and Castleisland at the north while the later medieval tower houses are also distinctly distributed around Killarney and Castleisland. Romanesque churches are recorded at Aghadoe and Innisfallen while late medieval monastic foundations are represented by Muckross Abbey. A number of these later medieval structures are National Monuments – Aghadoe church & round tower, Innisfallen Abbey, Muckross Abbey, Castlefarm, Parkavonear, Ballymalis & Ross Castles, as well as ringforts at Clasheen and Garraundarragh. 5.6.1.3. Archaeological Landscapes The Killarney Municipal District contain the archaeological landscape around The Paps in the south-east of the area as well as part of the landscape around the hillfort at Glanbane to the north-west. The municipal district also forms the northern boundary of the archaeological landscape around Mangerton mountain. Further information on these landscapes in provided in the KCDP 2015-2021. 5.6.1.4. Underwater Archaeology While the Killarney Municipal District Area has no maritime coastline it does contain major lakes and rivers as well as smaller rivers and streams. There is a crannóg site at Lough Guitane and a number of important finds have been recovered from the River Laune and the shores of Lough Leane. There is also the possibility that the numerous lakes, rivers and streams contain finds or features relating both to sites located onshore and activity within/on the lakes and rivers themselves – bridges, fish-traps, platforms etc. Artefacts may be deposited in lakes and rivers as part of a ritual deposition or may end up there as a result of accidental loss, particularly at crossings or fording points. 5.6.1.5. Artefact There are a number of stone axes from the Killarney Municipal District found as stray finds while the immediate Killarney area has the densest concentration of Early Bronze Age artefacts in the county with hoards from Knockasarnet, Cullinagh as well as from Cordal near Castleisland, while there is a gold lunula from Mangerton. There is less evidence for artefacts of Late Bronze Age date though there is the significant hoard of bronze horns Lough Leane.

5.6.2. Baseline Environment – Architectural The architectural heritage of the county, including the Killarney MD area is provided on a Register of Protected Structures, listed in the KCDP 2015-2021 and/or the KTDP 2009-2015. The National Inventory of Architectural Heritage (NIAH) provides additional information on the architectural heritage of the county and sites in the Killarney MD are included in the inventory. Overall the range of buildings afforded protection in the RPS in the Killarney MD is extensive, and reflects the variety of structures worthy or protection in the Killarney MD area. No changes are proposed to the register of PS or ACAs as part of the LAP/4th variation.

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5.6.3. Baseline Environment – Cultural The Killarney MD area also includes Sliabh Luachra an area noted for its rich unique musical heritage. The area is not clearly defined but incorporates rural communities at the County bounds of Kerry, Cork and Limerick. It includes, but is not limited to, the villages of Scartaglin, Cordal, Brosna, Rockchapel, Newmarket, Ballydesmond, Gneeveguilla and Knocknagree. Sliabh Luachra has become synonymous with a unique style of traditional Irish music that forms a distinct part of the area’s cultural heritage.

5.6.4. Existing Environmental Problems Considering the position of the Killarney MD LAP in the policy framework outlined in Section 2, cultural heritage is to a large degree protected by over-arching policies and objectives as outlined in the KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015 and other applicable legislation. Significant problems or sensitivities around cultural heritage are localised and there is a range of existing legislation in place to manage sites within best practices. The LAP also contains objectives for tourism and recreation which may affect local sites by increasing visitor numbers etc. However, increase awareness of cultural heritage sites also brings opportunities such as the improving access/interpretation of cultural heritage sites as a means to lever benefits for communities and/or a generate a greater awareness of the MD’s heritage assets. In relation to architectural heritage, there are pressures from development on vernacular forms of architecture specifically the traditional farmhouse building and associated outbuildings.

5.7. Landscape 5.7.1. Baseline Assessment The KCDP 2015-2021 outlines scenic routes, zoning designations and views and prospects throughout the county. The plan also includes objectives regarding the protection of such landscape designations and amenities. These objectives/policies apply to the MD area specifically the rural areas. Within urban settlements “landscape” is linked to town and/or streetscapes and the development of the public realm.

5.7.2. Existing Environmental Problems Considering the position of the Killarney MD LAP in the policy framework outlined in Section 2, landscape particularly in rural areas is to a large degree both influenced and protected by over-arching policies and objectives outlined in the KCDP 2015-2021/KTDP 2009-2015. Notwithstanding this the LAP will influence local landscapes specific urban landscapes within the settlements contained in the LAP area. Proposed zoning and associated development for example will have the potential to impact on landscapes/view and prospects in the LAP area. Village design statements, public realm plans and other locally led masterplans can form part of a response to integrating development with local landscapes.

5.8. Interrelationships between Environmental Factors The environmental factors assessed in the preceding sections are populations and human health; biodiversity (flora and fauna); soil and geology; water and hydrogeology; air quality; climatic factors; material assets; cultural assets and landscape. All factors are interlinked with many depending on or influencing other factors in complicated and complex interrelationships. This is particularly evident in the interrelationship between water/hydrogeology; biodiversity and soil/geology. More recent research has heightened an awareness of the linkage between air quality and human health. Air quality in turn is heavily influenced in Ireland (including Kerry and the MD area) by air pollution – specifically from transport and burning fossil fuels for heat. Sprawling developments with increased dependence on car travel is significant in Ireland’s challenges around climate action including mitigation but specifically adaptation.

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5.9. Evolution of the Baseline Environment without the MD LAP SEA legislation requires that consideration is given to the likely evolution of the current environment baseline where implementation of the draft plan/programme does not take place. This is presented below in Table 5-12. Table 5-12 Likely of key environmental factors in the absence of the MD LAP

Environmental Parameter

Likely Evolution in the Absence of the Plan

Population/human health • Settlement patterns would still be governed by the Core Strategy as outlined in the KCDP 2015-2021.

• However, the patterns of settlement are likely to continue as existing namely peripheral housing on the outskirts of towns and village

• No specific emphasis as per the NFP on infill/brownfield sites

• Greater encroachment into greenfield sites and possible conflicts with water protection specifically in relation to waste water treatment.

• The MD LAP also supports the roll out of masterplans and other objectives that seek to promote the rejuvenation of urban centres to make these places attractive places to work in and reside.

Biodiversity (flora, fauna) • Various legislation in place manage biodiversity, specifically European sites in the absence of the plan,

• However, the MD Plan will play an integral part in the spatial planning of developments specifically within towns and villages,

• Existing settlement pattern indicate continued encroachment into greenfield sites,

• In the absence of the LAP, associated pressures on both on aquatic and terrestrial flora, fauna and habitats which may lead to habitat loss and/ or fragmentation,

• lack of co-ordination of green and/or blue infrastructure into spatial planning in the absence of the plan.

Geology/soils • In the absence of the MD LAP the soils, geology and hydrogeology would continue to exist in much the same pattern. There is currently little or no legislation relating directly to soils and soil protection.

Water/hydrogeology • Various legislation namely the WFD to manage water resources in the MD. The roll out of the 2nd cycle of the WFD would continue in the absence of the plan.

• However, MD LAP will play an integral part in planning sustainable settlements, including settlements that have sufficient water capacity – both waste water and drinking water.

• Integration of protection of watercourses -water dependent habitats and species – integral to proper planning and sustainable development

Air quality/climatic factors • Air quality in the MD area overall is good and this is not likely to effected by the absence of the MD LAP. The LAP however could have local impacts on air quality through effecting settlement patterns and therefore

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Environmental Parameter

Likely Evolution in the Absence of the Plan

travel/commuting patterns.

• In the context of a land use plan, travel times/commuting distances to work and amenity/recreational activities is heavily influenced by settlement strategies. Sustainable settlements where people work and live in close proximity in a pre-requisite for reduced transport times. It also allows from sustainable forms of energy use such as district heating schemes coupled with a move away from fossil fuel.

• Spatial planning is also a key player in climate change action - particularly adaptation. The MD LAP seeks to promote more compact, less energy-intensive forms of urban development

• Coupled with the above the MD LAP aims to promote re-use of existing built stock – infill/brownfield sites.

Material assets • Large scale infrastructure projects will continue to be implemented in the absence of the MD LAP,

• However, local and regional projects are supported by the plan and it seeks to co-ordinate of these controls to reduce impacts to the environment

Cultural assets (architecture, archaeology)

• National legislation applies to both archaeological and architectural heritage and will continue to apply in the absence of the plan.

• However, architectural heritage in particular is promoted in the MD LAP through a number of measures including the promotion of the re-use of existing building stock in town centres; village renewal schemes that seek to promote historic centres and masterplans that aim to rejuvenate sites.

Landscape • Existing protection occurs with the Development Plan/existing development planning processes

• However, the MD LAP does contain objectives that promote the protection/enhancement of local streetscapes and townscapes and the protection of architectural heritage a as key component of the MD’s urban fabric.

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6. PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVES, TARGETS AND INDICATORS FOR THE STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

6.1. Introduction SEA uses a combination of objectives, targets and indicators to describe and monitor change and predict impacts of proposed plans and programmes on the environment. Objectives and targets set aims and thresholds that should be taken into account when assessing the impact of proposed plans on the environment. Targets usually underpin objectives and have a timeline and/or threshold which once breeched, would trigger remedial action and thereby providing an early warning signal. Indicators are used to illustrate and communicate impact in a simple and effective manner. Indicators can also be used to form the basis of a monitoring programme for the plan, the results of which will inform the next review. The way in which monitoring data will be available and from where, is presented below.

6.2. Development of SEA environmental objectives and targets The initial list of potential environmental objectives and targets to be used in the environmental report is outlined in Table 6-1. The list is based on the environmental topics set out in Annex 1 (f) of the SEA Directive, which might be significantly impacted upon by the Plan. These include: population and human health, biodiversity (flora & fauna), water/hydrogeology, geology/soil, air quality, climatic factors, material assets, cultural heritage, landscape and the interrelationship between these factors. Flooding is specifically addressed in the SFRA that accompanies the LAP. The effects on these topics will address the positive and negative, short, medium and long-term, permanent and temporary, cumulative and synergistic impacts.

6.3. Development of SEA indicators The purpose of indicators is to monitor the effectiveness of the Plan in meeting the SEA environmental objectives and targets. The proposed methodology for the development and selection of the SEA indicators is based on:

• Overarching policies from plans/programmes of relevance to each environmental parameter

• Identifying existing environmental problems, which will inform the development of SEA objectives and indicators

• A limited number of objectives and indicators will be used, which will keep the assessment and monitoring manageable and strategic

The final determination of the set of indicators for this SEA was subject to review further to the SEA scoping with statutory consultees undertake in April 2017. The final set of objectives/targets/indicators presented below in Table 6-1 are however determined by the availability of existing data, relevance, monitoring programmes and the scale of application. The EOs were also influenced by the recently published NPF, 2018.

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Table 6-1 List of environmental SEA objectives, targets and indicators for the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015.

SEA Topic Objective Target Indicators Population P1: Guide the future

development of the MD area in a sustainable manner that reflects the existing character and amenities of the area and improves the quality of life for the existing and future populations.















• Compliance with existing legislation/regulations/conditions for relevant licences, permits etc for discharges noise, odour and/or air quality

• Health Impact Assessments/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning applications








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SEA Topic Objective Target Indicators
























• Air quality/emissions/odour reports/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning applications





• Development of Opportunity/regeneration sites

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SEA Topic Objective Target Indicators identified Killarney, Castleisland and Fieries







• Impacts on natural carbon sink (eg peat soil)
















• Archaeological Impact Assessments, and/or archaeological investigations undertaken




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SEA Topic Objective Target Indicators Landscape L1 Protect the landscape of

the MD LAP area That landscapes identified in the MD area, including local urban townscapes and streetscapes, are protected and enhanced by good design principles.



• Visual Impact Assessments/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning applications







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7. LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT FROM THE KILLARNEY MD LAP/FOURTH VARIATION TO THE KTDP 2009-2015

7.1. Introduction This section gives an overview of the significant effects of implementing the Killarney MD LAP /4th variation. A more detailed assessment of the individual policies and objectives of the preferred alternative from Chapter 4 will be assessed against the EOs established in Chapter 6. This process of evaluating the detailed policies/objectives enables the likely significant effects of implementing the Killarney MD LAP /4th variation to be identified and allows for mitigation measures to be incorporated to avoid, reduce, repair or compensate. Mitigations measures are discussed in more detailed in Chapter 8. In assessing the likely significant effects of the Killarney MD Plan /4th variation the full range of effects as set out in Annex I of the SEA Directive are considered. These are secondary, cumulative, synergistic, short, medium and long term, permanent, temporary, positive, negative, indirectly positive, neutral, negative, indirectly negative and uncertain (as detailed in Schedule 2B, SI 436 of 2004). The screening of all the objectives/policies proposed in the Killarney MD plan are provided in Appendix 2. For ease of presentation, those deemed likely to have a significant effect on the environment are specifically highlighted in red. Those highlighted in red are listed below in Section 7.2 and discussed in more detail. Mitigation specific to each of these highlighted objectives is then discussed in Chapter 8. In addition to the objectives/polices, zonings and associated Opportunity sites proposed within the MD LAP are screened for possible significant effects. This is undertaken below in Section 7.3. Again, any mitigation required is discussed in Chapter 8. Finally, the revisions to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 proposed as part of the 4th variation are screened below in Section 7.4. For ease of presentation those deemed likely to have a significant effect on the environment are specifically highlighted in red. Mitigation specific to each revision, as appropriate, is then discussed in Chapter 8. In some instances, overlaps occur between objectives, policies and/or zonings proposed in both the MD LAP and the 4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015. To prevent repetition, in such instances reference is made to the relevant section where screening/provision of mitigation is previously presented/discussed in either Appendix 2, Sections 7 or 8 of this report.

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7.2. Objectives that have potential to conflict with EOs (see Appendix 2 for further information). 7.2.1. Overall MD Objectives OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Overall Development Objective

OS-14 Facilitate the carrying out of the works stated in the ‘Schedule of Municipal District Works Plan, for the Killarney Municipal District’ – subject to environmental assessment.

Objective promotes a schedule of works to be carried out in the MD. The nature of such projects implies possible significant effects on environmental receptors. In context of the Killarney MD this includes Natura 2000 sites, designated watercourses; archaeological sites; sensitive landscapes; geological heritage and cultural heritage.

KL-RI-10 Support the development of the Killarney By-pass. See section 7.3.1

KY-AL-01 Facilitate the development of the Lough Leane Looped Walk, Fossa way to Gap of Dunloe Greenway, while ensuring no significant adverse effects on the environment including the integrity of the Natura 2000 sites.

Objective promotes the development of walking trails/ access points in the environs of Killarney/Fossa. No routes are provided but are likely to close to various sensitive environmental receptors including Natura 2000 sites and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkways also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing. Also opens up possible tourism related business opportunities.

KY-AL-02 Facilitate the sustainable development of the old Castleisland -Gortatlea-Fieries railway line as a recreational greenway.

Objective promotes the development of a greenway along a former railway line. The former line is close to sensitive environmental receptors namely the River Maine and possible archaeological sites, industrial heritage and landscapes. It is noted however that the greenway is proposed along a former railway line – this implies a brownfield site often with existing infrastructure e.g. bridges etc and/or disturbed lands. Development of a greenway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing. Also opens up possible tourism related business opportunities.

Overall Objective

KY-OO-04 Promote a more sustainable pattern of development through prioritising development on suitable derelict, backland, infill and brownfield sites

Objectives promotes development in backfill/derelict sites. Considering the history of Killarney these sites are likely to have archaeological potential and possible vernacular architectural significance. Killarney environs historically developed in areas of flood risk. Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of development in the town centre leading to more sustainable, consolidated growth patterns.

KY-OO-05 Prioritise retail regeneration within the town and village core areas. In particular development should be encouraged within designated regeneration areas and on identified opportunity sites as appropriate as identified in the plan.

See section 7.3.1.1

7.2.2. Killarney OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Killarney

KL-R-01 Facilitate the development of 685 residential units within the settlement boundary.

Objective promotes the provision of residential units in the town. Various environmental sensitivities including Natura 2000 sites, designated watercourses, archaeological sites and cultural heritage. Positive impacts from the promotion of the residential development within the town boundaries thereby promoting a compact settlement structure. Positive impacts on air quality/climate factors.

Road and Infrastructure Objective

KL-RI-01 Facilitate and implement where possible the proposed traffic management measures, as per Killarney Urban Master Plan 2005 & Killarney Traffic Management Plan 2016

The Killarney Urban Master Plan, 2005 was a 15 year plan that sought to re-establish the town core as pivotal to the experience of Killarney. A key objective was to develop the tourism base but also other economic activity in a manner that enhanced the town for both visitor and resident. Central to this was capitalising on the town’s built and natural heritage. Killarney Traffic Management Plan 2016 reviewed the transportation network and the associated demands with particular attention to the town centre. The objective of the plan was to determine the impact of proposed

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OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Killarney

infrastructural measures to cope with the existing and future vehicular, pedestrian and cyclist traffic volumes. Both strategies have interlined key aims: improved cycling and walk ways (including safe routes to, schools, and key business and workplace zones); introduce traffic calming measure in the town centre; promote school and workplace travel planning; and encourage car sharing. The projects proposed as part of the strategies vary from changing public spaces in the town; traffic calming measures and introducing cycle ways and other shared spaces. The projects are predominately located in and around the urban centre of Killarney. The town has a number of sensitive environmental receptors including the close proximity of Natura 2000 sites; archaeological potential and architectural heritage. Plans also of benefit to local community providing improved transport networks, road safety and amenities including promoting cycling and walking. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality.

KL-RI-02 Provide bus set-down areas, bus shelters and bicycle parking at strategic locations in the town centre area

Objectives promote developments within Killarney– possible impacts on natural heritage, built heritage, archaeology, landscape and depending on location water, biodiversity and soil. Developments also however of benefit to local community providing local amenities/parking facilities/transport and promoting cycling and walking route. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality.

KL-RI-03 Provide car parks at suitable locations on approach roads throughout the town

KL-RI-04 Provide cycle lanes throughout the town at appropriate locations.

KL-RI-06 Provide amenity areas at appropriate locations

KL-RI-07 Facilitate the development of the Ross Rd to Muckross Rd trail, Lough Leane Looped Walk, Fossa way to Gap of Dunloe Greenway, while ensuring no significant adverse effects on the environment including the integrity of the Natura 2000 sites.


KL-RI-08 Provision of proposed amenity area including an Angling Platform with access for all, in the vicinity of Flesk Bridge.

7.2.3. Castleisland OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Employment and Economic

CD-EEA-04 Facilitate the repair and upgrading of the Ivy Leaf centre

Objectives promotes the re-use of historic buildings and the development in backfill/derelict sites. Considering the history of Castleisland these sites are likely to have archaeological potential and architectural significance. Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of the adaptive reuse of historic buildings and development in the town centre leading to more sustainable, consolidated growth patterns.

CD-EEA-05 Encourage the redevelopment and reuse of the Carnegie building.

CD-TC-06 Expand the town centre into Main Street backlands adjacent to the Mart Site and ensure a high level of pedestrian connectivity between the two areas

CD-TC-07 Facilitate the development of a Laneway Revitalisation Programme

Tourism

CD-T-04 Create an urban space/performance area fronting onto the Chapel Lane and adjacent to the Ivy Leaf.


Transport and Movement

CD-TM-03 Support the development of an inner relief road and a link road for Castleisland as indicated on the zoning Map subject to normal planning and environmental considerations.

See Section 7.3.2

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CD-TM-05 Promote the development of Cycleways and Greenways in and around Castleisland where appropriate.

Objective promotes greenways/cycleways. The routes could potentially be in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors including Natura 2000 sites; geological heritage, archaeological sites and architecture. Development of greenways/walkways also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing. Also opens up possible tourism related business opportunities.

Social infrastructure and Amenity

CD-SIA-02 Seek the sustainable extension of the existing Town Park to the south of the river

Objective promotes the extension of the town park greenways across the county. This is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors notably the River Maine. Extension of the Town Park also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

CD-SIA-03 Sustainably develop the River Maine walkway as a valuable amenity in the town by helping to improve signage, seating, information points and lighting along the walk.

Objective promotes River Maine walkway. The routes could potentially be in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the River Maine itself and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing. CD-SIA-04 Ensure the River Maine walkway is completed to create a

linear pedestrian route and cycleway along the river supplemented by open space where conditions allow.

CD-SIA-05 Facilitate the sustainable extension of the River Maine walkway along the old Castleisland to Gortatlea railway line as a recreational greenway


Urban Form

CD-UF-04 Improve the appearance, overall condition and encourage return to use of derelict and vacant buildings.

Objectives promotes the re-use of vacant/derelict buildings. Considering the history of Castleisland these sites are likely to have archaeological potential and architectural significance. Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of the adaptive reuse of vacant/older/historic buildings and development in the town centre leading to more sustainable, consolidated growth patterns.

7.2.4. Barraduff OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Open Space

BF-O-01 Promote the sustainable development of a village park and playground at an appropriate location.

Objective promotes a river walkway and playground in the village. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

BF-O-02 Promote the sustainable development of a riverside walkway at an appropriate location adjoining the proposed village park.

7.2.5. Farranfore OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

FE-GO-01 Promote and support the sustainable expansion and growth of Kerry International Airport (Objective RD-36 KCDP) by ensuring compatibility between airport uses and other land uses. The onus shall be on developers (in consultation with Kerry Airport) to ensure that any proposed development within the development boundary of Farranfore

Objectives seeks to promote development of Kerry Airport. Considering the nature of the site, significant effects could arise from noise or other nuisances from associated infrastructure. Air travel also impact on air quality and climatic factors. Positive impacts also likely further to the development of a regional airport providing easy access/exit from the county to National and International destinations.

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does not penetrate the Obstacle Limitations Surfaces as defined in Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation.

FE-GO-02 Ensure that any development between the 57 La.eq and 60 La.eq noise contours, as shown on zoning map, shall make specific provision for sound attenuation to ensure ambient internal noise levels shall be to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

Open Space

FE-O-01 Facilitate the sustainable creation of a park associated with the old Farranfore to Castlemaine rail line and renovation of the water tower.

Objectives promotes the restoration/renovation of a historic structure. Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of the adaptive reuse of vacant/older/historic buildings and development of park to celebrate the industrial heritage of the site.

7.2.6. Fieries OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Open Space Objective

FS-O-02 Promote the development of a recreational walking trail focusing on the village stream and along the disused railway line, interconnecting with existing and proposed residential developments in a manner compatible with the natural and built environment.

Objective promotes a river walkway and greenway along a railway line. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and possible archaeological sites and built/industrial heritage. It is noted however that the greenway is proposed along a former railway line – this implies a brownfield site often with existing infrastructure e.g. bridges etc and/or disturbed lands Development of walkway/greenway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

7.2.7. Kilcummin OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS


KN-O-01 Promote the sustainable development of a riverside walkway/amenity area adjoining the village park.

Objective promotes a river walkway and amenity area in the village. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

7.2.8. Rathmore OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Social Infrastructure

RE-S-01 Facilitate the sustainable extension to the existing burial ground. Objective promotes the extension to the existing burial ground. Cemetery developments can have impacts on watercourses and groundwater. Positive impacts by the provision of social infrastructure in the community.

7.2.9. Fossa OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

General Objective

FA-GO-05 Support the sustainable provision of a recreational walkway/cycleway around Lough Leane as appropriate. Any such route should be designated and located so as to be compatible with environmental designations in the area.

Objective promotes a river walkway and amenity area in the village. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and the possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

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Open Space

FA-O-01 Facilitate the development of the Fossa Way proposals around Lough Leane in Killarney, in a sustainable manner, subject to detailed environmental assessment.


FA-O-02 Facilitate the sustainable development of a Greenway from Fossa to the Gap of Dunloe - subject to environmental assessment.

7.2.10. Gneeveguilla OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS


GA-S-01 Facilitate the sustainable extension to the existing burial ground. Objective promotes the extension to the existing burial ground. Cemetery developments can have impacts on watercourses and groundwater. Positive impacts by the provision of social infrastructure in the community.

7.2.11. Scartaglin OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS


SN-S-01 Facilitate the sustainable extension to the existing burial ground Objective promotes the extension to the existing burial ground. Cemetery developments can have impacts on watercourses and groundwater. Positive impacts by the provision of social infrastructure in the community.

7.2.12. Currow OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

General

CW-GO-05 Encourage the appropriate reuse and sensitive restoration of unused/derelict vernacular properties in the village.

Objectives promotes the re-use of vacant/derelict buildings. These sites are likely to have archaeological potential and architectural significance. Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of the adaptive reuse of vacant/older/historic buildings and development in the town centre leading to more sustainable, consolidated growth patterns.

CW-GO-06 Safeguard the operation and expansion of Kerry Airport. No development shall be permitted which would prejudice the future development potential of Kerry Airport. The onus shall be on developers (in consultation with Kerry Airport) to ensure that any proposed development within the development boundary of Currow does not penetrate the Obstacle Limitations Surfaces as defined in Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation.


CW-GO-07 Ensure that any development between the 57 La.eq and 60 La.eq noise contours, as shown on zoning map, shall make specific provision for sound attenuation to ensure ambient internal noise levels shall be to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

CW-GO-09 Reserve lands for the development of a riverside walk as indicated on the Zoning Map.

Objective promotes a river walkway in the village. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

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7.3. Screening of Zonings within each settlement of the MD plan. 7.3.1. Killarney Killarney Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL New/proposed residential is located throughout the town, predominately within lands previously zoned under phase 1 residential development in KTDP. The sites are within the town boundary and close to the town centre. Strategic Residential Reserve lands are also zoned to the north of the town, to the south of the N22 and north of the River Deenagh, designated as part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC. New developments potential to impact on a number of environment sensitive receptors. Killarney town and environs is in proximity to several Natura 2000 sites and sites of cultural heritage including Killarney National Park and associated grounds and gardens. Potential for significant effects relate therefore to an unique range of environment sensitive receptors including Natura 2000 sites and annexed habitat and species; designated watercourses for a range of freshwater dependent habitats/species; cultural heritage sites and landscapes and archaeological potential associated with the history of settlement. Killarney town has a waste water treatment plant has a design capacity of 54,000pe with a present load of 33,000. A Drainage Area Plan (DAP) for the town is also proposed.

MIXED USE Existing town centre/built ground.

COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRY/ ENTERPRISE/ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

None identified, sites identified are located in areas with similar use, lands of low ecological significance mostly agricultural fields, no environmental sensitivities identified. Possible local impacts on unknown archaeological resources.

GREEN/RECREATIONAL/ CONSERVATION

None identified

OPPORTUNITY SITES Section 7.3.1.1

AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the town.

COMMUNITY SERVICES/FACILTIES

None identified, relates to existing uses including education, health facilities and sporting facilities

WASTE WATER None identified, relates to existing uses on site.

OTHER

N22 Farranfore-Killarney Realignment and N71-N22 Link Road.

A proposed indicative route of the N22 Farranfore-Killarney Realignment and the N22- N71 Link Road is provided in the MD LAP/4th variation. This scheme, previously assessed in the SEA and NIR of the Tralee/Killarney Hub Functional Area Local Area Plan 2013-2019, passes through a number of environmental sensitives as outlined in a number of environmental reports prepared in respect of the proposal, including:-

• N22 Road Improvement Scheme – Farranfore to Killarney. Environmental Assessment of Route Options, RPS 2003.

• N22 Aquatic Survey of Woodford and Deenagh River. RPS 2005.

• N22 Road Improvement Scheme - Farranfore to Killarney [KY-00-120] Route Refinement Appraisal & Selection Report. Arup 2012

• Natura Impact Report – Proposed N22 Farranfore to Killarney Road Improvement Scheme Route Refinement Scheme, KCC 2012 In particular, the indicative N22 route traverses two European Sites – the Castlemaine Harbour cSAC and the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and the Caragh River catchment cSAC.

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Killarney Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

The Castlemaine Harbour SAC is crossed in the vicinity of the Gweestin River approx 5Km to the south of Farranfore and the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks and River Caragh Catchment SAC in the vicinity of the Deenagh River and the Flesk River in the Killarney Town environs. The Woodford is also crossed at an indicative point upstream of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks and River Caragh Catchment cSAC. The Brown Flesk, undesignated, occurs close to the northern end of the scheme. The proposed indicative route of the N71-N22 Link Road onto the N71 road would cross the River Flesk, part of the Killarney National Park SAC, and would be in the vicinity of Sheheree (Ardagh) Bog SAC. The potential for the road scheme to significantly effect European sites is addressed in the NIR that accompanies the MD LAP. Briefly it notes potential impacts from the road scheme predominately relates to proposed crossings of designated watercourses and associated impacts on freshwater species/habitats. Although not designated for the species, populations of Freshwater Pearl Mussel (FWPM) are historically recorded in the Brown Flesk, Flesk and Deenagh. Potential impacts to the annexed species of Lesser Horseshoe bats is also noted. The NIR also notes any proposed crossing of the River Gweestin requires ecological assessment for possible terrestrial annexed habitats. The NIR subsequently requested several amendments to the MD LAP/4th variation to ensure adverse effects on the site integrity of European sites would be avoided further to the implementation of the plan. As noted one of the main potential for significant effects from the scheme relates to possible ecological constraints from crossings/proximity to European sites. Local ecological constraints are also likely to occur including other crossings of undesignated watercourses and smaller surface water streams. Sites of local ecological importance are outlined in the RPS report - Environmental Assessment of Route Options. Similarly, the scheme is likely to have impacts on a range of other environmental factors including archaeology and/or architectural heritage considering the length of the scheme through a rural and semi-urban landscape. Proximity to houses/populations and associated noise impacts at construction and operation stage will be applicable, particularly closer to Killarney town. Possible landscape impacts are also highlighted in this strategic assessment of the scheme, particularly in the environs of Killarney. The crossings of the Flesk will involve new crossings of the watercourse. The natural topography of the land here implies a significant structure may be required to cross the watercourse. The visual impacts of the any proposed crossing on the existing landscape will need to be considered. In addition, the landscape of lands to the west of the Flesk and included in the indicative route of the N71-N22 link road reflect a cultural heritage landscape associated with the nearby Flesk Castle and PS Coolclogher House. In addition, the proposed location of where the link road will join the N71 is in the vicinity of a number of listed views and prospects in the KCDP 2015-2021.

Indicative Road shown within Killarney town

A proposed indicative road that runs north-south through Killarney town is shown in the Killarney and Environs Map. The road runs from Deerpark to Loreto Road on the eastern side of the town. Part of this route was previously indicated in the Killarney Town Development Plan. A new extension to this route is also now proposed through Bishop’s Farm over the River Flesk southwards to Mill road and onto Loreto Road. The route predominately passes through the urban centre of Killarney town and environs. However, as noted in the NIR that accompanies the MD LAP/4th variation, the southern end of the scheme is indicated as crossing the River Flesk, designated as part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and the Caragh River catchment cSAC/pNHA. Due to the nature of river crossings there is the potential for significant effects on the freshwater habitats and species. The Flesk has also undesignated populations of FWPM. Extensive riparian habitat occurs at the indicative location of the crossing, part of this is outside the cSAC but is within the pNHA. This woodland habitat is also associated with foraging habitat of the annexed Lesser Horseshoe bat, populations of which roost in the area.

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Killarney Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

The crossing of the proposed indicative road is also close to Coolclogher Mill, a National Monument and is in close proximity to Coolcloher House and Flesk Castle. The landscape of the area reflects the cultural heritage of former 18th and 19th century demesnes. There is therefore the potential for impacts on local landscapes and sites of cultural heritage significance. There are also several archaeological site recorded in the vicinity of the route. North of the Flesk crossing the main environmental sensitivity is that route runs through the eastern area of Killarney town. It passes close to a number of residential estates and community facilities. The proposed line follows existing roads to some degree but also runs off-line into green areas. Nearly all of these areas are of low ecological value being associated with amenity grassland. Nonetheless they would have local value as open green spaces. Changes in traffic patterns and associated noise/disturbance impacts could occur at operation stage. North of the Flesk no other watercourse are crossed. Although the northern end of the scheme is in proximity to the Deenagh River, there is a significant buffer between the cSAC and the start of the scheme close to the existing N22/Killarney by-pass.

7.3.1.1. Killarney Opportunity Sites Opportunity Site Zoning Killarney

LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

1 St Finians The site to the north of the town and adjacent to the ring road includes the buildings of the former St Finian’s Hospital, a protected structure and associated surrounding lands. The former hospital and adjacent lands occupies a strategic location on the northern edge of Killarney. The location, siting and design of any future development on the site will need careful consideration and have to be carried out to a high quality architectural design. Any future development will need to protect and enhance the existing character and views of the hospital building. The site is located to the north of Killarney town centre within a residential area close to the town centre. The likelihood for significant effects are deemed overall positive with the opportunity to redevelop a site close to the town centre and other local amenities. Any proposals recognize the cultural heritage of the site. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, the Deenagh is the closest watercourse designated as the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, but it is buffered by built infrastructure, the policy promotes the re-development of a site in close proximity to the town centre and existing community facilities. Cultural heritage of the site recognized in the policy.

2 Green Lane/Pond Lane These lands are located off Green Lane and to the rear of properties on New Street. This includes a large greenfield site and a number of underutilised rear residential gardens This area retains potential for significant further development, particularly with respect to improvements to the public realm and the development of civic amenity. This site is considered to be suitable location for a mixed-use development with commercial/retailing functions dominating ground floor activity with a high density residential element. High quality public spaces conducive to pedestrian activity should also form an integral part of any redevelopment proposal. The main environmental sensitivity and likely significant effect is the proximity of the site to the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC/Killarney National Park SPA. Possible archaeological deposits. Positive impact also identified in the re-development of key town centre site for various uses including public realm.

3 Aras Padraig The Áras Phádraig building which is located on Lower Lewis Road occupies an important location in very close proximity to the town centre. The site also offers an opportunity to redevelop the existing car/coach park to sustainably provide additional parking spaces. The feasibility of the provision of a multi-storey carpark with increased pedestrian permeability needs to be assessed. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, the Deenagh is the closest watercourse designated as the Killarney National Park,

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Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, but it is buffered by built infrastructure, the policy promotes the re-development of a site in close proximity to the town centre.

4. Ballycasheen Road Junction

This is a strategic gateway site adjoining Musgraves Food depot on the south-eastern entrance to the town. The site is bounded by the N22 to the north and the Ballycasheen Road to the south. The design and massing of new proposals at this location is important and the use of perimeter blocks is encouraged. Development proposals will need to relate positively to the established residential area in proximity to the site, while ensuring a high quality public realm at this location. Retail use on this site is not permitted. The main environmental sensitivity and likely significant effect is the proximity of the site to the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, notably the River Woodford to the north/northwest. Possible archaeological deposits. Positive impacts in the development of the site for housing and other uses associated with the key location near the town centre.

5 Mission Road/Beech Road This is a strategic site adjoining the town centre currently used for surface carparking. The location, siting, massing and design of any future development on the site will need careful consideration and shall be carried out to a high quality architectural design. The site shall contain a landmark structure containing a multi-storey carpark and with a mixed use/residential element wrapped around. The main environmental sensitivity and likely significant effect is the proximity of the site to the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC/Killarney National Park SPA. Possible archaeological deposits.

6. Park Road This is a strategic gateway site adjoining Killarney Outlet Centre on the eastern entrance to the town. The site is bounded by the Port Road to the north and the railway train station and line to the south and west. The design and massing of new proposals at this location is important and the use of perimeter blocks is encouraged. Development proposals will need to relate positively to the established residential area in proximity to the site, while ensuring a high quality public realm at this location. A landmark tourism and indoor leisure facility will be accommodated on this. High density tourist accommodation may be considered at the southern part of the site. Retail use on this site is not permitted. Significant road realignment and junction improvements may be necessary at this site. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, the River Flesk is the closest watercourse designated as the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, but it is buffered by built infrastructure, the policy promotes the re-development of a site in close proximity to the town centre.

Other opportunity sites mainly smaller brownfield sites situated off: New Road, New Street, Msgr. O’Flaherty Road and Sunnyhill.

A number of small opportunity sites have been identified, the development of these are of prime importance to the economic and residential regeneration of the town. The local authority will encourage the redevelopment of these sites throughout the town on a case by case basis. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, the River Deenagh is the closest watercourse designated as the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, but it is buffered by built infrastructure, the policy promotes the re-development of a site in close proximity to the town centre. Possible archaeological deposits and architectural heritage

7.3.2. Castleisland Castleisland Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL New/proposed residential located within proximity to the town centre. Strategic Residential Reserve located towards the northern boundary of the site.

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Castleisland Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

New developments potential to impact on range of environment parameters but no significant environmental sensitivities effected by zonings. Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural lands/infill sites, no nature conservation designations close to the town. River Maine is a significant watercourse, not designated as a Natura 2000 site but a salmonid river. Town has archaeological potential and cultural heritage significance. Ongoing investment in waste water infrastructure in conjugation with Irish Water.





None identified

OPPORTUNITY SITES See Section 7.3.2.1


OTHER

Indicative Inner Relief Road • No designated sites in the vicinity of the route that is within Castleisland town,

• main potential relates to crossing of the River Main and archaeological potential of the route identified and possible local impacts on architectural/vernacular architecture.

• proposal to cross the River Maine south of the town. Lands here not deemed ecologically sensitive, predominately agricultural lands to the south of Castleisland Secondary school and infill/brownfield sites to the north of the river.

• Main potential for significant effects is the crossing of the River Maine and possible impacts on the river. The crossing however is likely to be single span construction with no interference with the Maine, the route is indicative at this stage.

• Any visual impacts likely to mitigated, the river is crossed by a number of bridges, exists within an urban setting and the bridge design can be sensitive to location.

• proposal aims to improve traffic congestion in the town

• opportunity to open up backlands/infill sites for sustainable development of town centre

Maine River Walk • The walk already exists along the River Maine as it passes through Castleisland town,

• Existing infrastructure in place including path, access points to the walk at bridges and other key points including the local primary school and An Ríocht running track,

• Riparian habitat survives along the river, however any upgrades to the river walk likely to be local in nature and no extensive works are required to the walkway. It is already in use by the community.

• Positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

7.3.2.1. Castleisland Opportunity Sites Opportunity Site Zoning Castleisland


1. Lands on Main Street This town centre opportunity site has been identified fronting onto Main Street stretching down to the mart. It comprises of a disused vacant garage fronting onto main Street and a number of vacant rear garden plots. This brownfield site is located to the south of Castleisland town centre in an area that predominately consists of the back/rear gardens of properties that front onto Main Street. The likelihood for significant effects are deemed overall positive with the opportunity to improve this area of the town for a variety of uses associated with its location in the centre of the town close to the local Mart. No significant negative impacts identified – no watercourses in the vicinity, no designated sites, promotes the sustainable re-development/re-use of sites in proximity to the town centre. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application.

2. Lands adjacent to An Ríocht This large greenfield site is adjacent to the mart and An Ríocht and has a large riverfront frontage. There is an opportunity to redevelop this site with new structures incorporating a hotel and other tourism related uses centred on a civic/amenity space along the river. This site has the potential to be a focal point of

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Opportunity Site Zoning Castleisland


the town. This opportunity site consists of two fields of agricultural grassland located between the primary school to the west and an Ríocht running track to the west. The main potential for significant effects relates to the River Maine which borders the site to the south. The river is not designated but is of ecological significance as a salmonid river. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application.

3. Site at Main Street/Limerick Road Junction

This is a strategic gateway site on the north-eastern entrance to the town located on the junction of the old Limerick road. The redevelopment of this site presents an opportunity to regenerate this large landmark site for a mixed use. The design and massing of new proposals at this location is important and the use of perimeter blocks is encouraged. Development proposals will need to relate positively to the established residential area in proximity to the site, while ensuring a high quality public realm at this location. This brownfield site is located to the north of Castleisland town centre on exiting/entering the town from the old Limerick Road. It consists of an browfield site that fronts onto both Main Street and the Limerick Road. The likelihood for significant effects are deemed overall positive with the opportunity to improve this area of the town for a variety of uses associated with its location close to the town centre and at a main entry/exit point to the town. No significant negative impacts identified – no watercourses in the vicinity, no designated sites, promotes the sustainable re-development/re-use of sites in proximity to the town centre. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application.

4. Site adjacent to St Stephans Church

This site is adjacent to St Stephens Church and includes a number of rear gardens which are accessed via St Stephens Park. The redevelopment of this site presents an opportunity to regenerate a large backland site adjacent to St. Stephens (Ivy Leaf) and close to the heart of the town for cultural and heritage use. The amalgamation of plots is encouraged. Any future development will need to protect and enhance the existing character and views of the church. This brownfield site is located to the north of Castleisland town centre in an area that consists of the back/rear gardens of properties that front onto Main Street. The likelihood for significant effects are deemed overall positive with the opportunity to improve this area of the town for a variety of uses associated with its location in the centre of the town close to a local cultural/community centre. No significant negative impacts identified – no watercourses in the vicinity, no designated sites, promotes the sustainable re-development/re-use of sites in proximity to the town centre. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application.

5. Lands to the rear of the Killarney Road

This site is adjacent to the existing light industrial units on Barrack Street and also includes a number of underultised rear residential gardens along the Killarney Road. The site includes some vacant properties and sizable gardens to the rear and side of houses which combine to create potential for a significant infill site that harness its prime location adjacent to the town centre. The redevelopment of this site presents an opportunity to extend the site for mixed use. It is the intention of the Local Authority that the overall opportunity site (made up of individual properties) is developed as a cohesive unit. The amalgamation of plots is encouraged. This opportunity site consists of rear gardens of a number of properties that front onto the Killarney road. The main potential for significant effects relates to the River Maine which borders the site to the south. The river is not designated but is of ecological significance as a salmonid river. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application. Overall, any effects deemed to be local.

7.3.3. Barraduff Baraduff Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential – proposed towards the western end of the village. Strategic Reserve lands to the south of the village. New developments potential to impact on several environment parameters but no significant environmental sensitivities effected by zonings. Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural lands/infill sites partially developed in the environs of the village. Village has a new waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth.

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Baraduff Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Closest environmental sensitivity is the Owneyskeagh River to the east of the village designated as part of the Killareny National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC. Village has archaeological potential.



None identified


OTHER

Riverwalk • Proposed walkway along the banks of the Owneyskeagh River/tributary upstream of the cSAC.

• Route indicative in nature but possible impacts on riparian habitat, water quality and/or disturbance of freshwater habitats/species.

• Potential for archaeological remains.


Playground Site is to the south of the banks of the Owneyskeagh River/tributary upstream of the cSAC. The site is presently a greenfield site of amenity grassland. Riparian habitat survives to the northern boundary. Potential for archaeological remains.

SFRA Specific land use zonings are not located within Flood Zone A or B. See SFRA for further information on flooding risk.

7.3.4. Farranfore Farranfore Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential – proposed to the east and west of the village. Strategic Reserve lands to the south of the village. Closest environmental sensitivity is a tributary of the Maine that runs through the village. The watercourse is not designated but part of salmonid water system. Village has archaeological potential and architectural heritage. Ongoing investment in waste water infrastructure in conjugation with Irish Water.


INDUSTRIAL/ENTERPRISE/

EMPLOYMENT

Reflects existing use on site

MIXED/GENERAL TRANSPORT

USES




None identified


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7.3.5. Fieries Fieries Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential – proposed towards the eastern end of the village. Village has a new waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth. Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural grasslands. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the village is an unnamed tributary of the River Maine that runs through the village. Village has archaeological potential and architectural heritage.



None identified


OPPORTUNITY SITE See Section 7.3.5.1

OTHER

Riverwalk • Proposed walkway along the banks of the unnamed tributary of the River Maine.





7.3.5.1. Fieries Opportunity site Opportunity Site Zoning Fieries


1 Former Creamery The former Creamery site has been identified as an opportunity site. The development of the site for a mix of uses will be considered subject to high quality architectural design which enhances and contributes to the village core. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the zoning is an unnamed tributary of the River Maine that runs through the village. Cultural heritage associated with the former use of the site as a creamery. Positive impact from the development of a site in the village core for mix of uses.

7.3.6. Kilcummin Kilcummin Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential – proposed towards the northern end of the village. Strategic Reserve proposed around village core White Lands reserved predominately to the southwest of the village. Lands are outside but in proximity to Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment cSAC.

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Kilcummin Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Village has been recently granted a waste water pipeline from Kilcummin to Killarney WWTP. Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural grasslands. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the village is the Deenagh River and associated riparian habitat designated as part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment cSAC. Village has archaeological potential.


GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified


OTHER

Riverwalk • Proposed walkway along the banks of the Deenagh/tributary.





7.3.7. Rathmore Rathmore West Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential proposed to the north of the village.

Village has a new waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth.

Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural grasslands. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the village is the

Blackwater and tributaries designated as part of the Blackwater (Munster) cSAC. However, the site is a considerable distance from Rathmore West.

Ongoing investment in waste water infrastructure in conjugation with Irish Water.



EMPLOYMENT


GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified

AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the village.

Rathmore East Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential proposed to the north and south of the village.

Strategic Reserve located to the south of the village.

Village has a new waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth.

Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural grasslands or infill lands. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the

village is the Blackwater and tributaries designated as part of the Blackwater (Munster) cSAC. The site is in close proximity to the village boundary.

Village has archaeological potential and architectural heritage

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Rathmore East Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

Ongoing investment in waste water infrastructure in conjugation with Irish Water.


GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified, predominately green areas adjacent to cSAC designations.


7.3.8. Fossa Fossa Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL No new/proposed residential zoning. No Strategic residential reserve identified within village.


Main environment sensitivity is the proximity of the village to the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment cSAC, namely

Lough Leane.

Village has archaeological potential and architectural heritage.

The village is connected to the Killarney WWTP.


EMPLOYMENT


GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified, predominately green areas adjacent to cSAC designations.


OTHER

Preserved Woodland None identified

Walkway • Walkways proposed around established woodland and towards Lough Leane. Lough Leane is designated as part of the Killarney National Park,

Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment cSAC.

• Route indicative in nature but possible impacts on woodland habitat and/or disturbance of freshwater habitats/ species.




7.3.9. Gneeveguilla Gneeveguilla Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL No new/proposed residential zoning. Strategic residential reserve identified within village.

White lands proposed to the east and west of the village.

No significant environmental sensitivities in proximity to the village. Village has archaeological potential and architectural heritage

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Gneeveguilla Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS


WASTE WATER Reflects existing use on site

COMMUNITY FACILITIES Reflects existing use on site


7.3.10. Scartaglin Scartaglin Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL No new/proposed residential zoning.

Strategic residential reserve identified within village.

No public waste water facility.

Stacks SPA in proximity to the village but a considerable distance from the village boundary. Brown Flesk runs to the south of the village boundary. The

watercourse is not designated but a salmonid river.


VILLAGE CENTRE Existing village centre/built ground.


OPEN SPACE/PARK None identified



7.3.11. Cordal Cordal Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS


Strategic residential reserve identified within village. No public waste water facility.

No significant environmental sensitivities in proximity to the village. Village has archaeological potential and architectural heritage


OPEN SPACE/PARK None identified



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7.3.12. Currow Currow Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS



Main environmental sensitivity in the village is the Brown Flesk river. The water course is not designated but is a salmonid river.


MIXED USE Existing village centre/built ground.

OPEN SPACE/PARK None identified, predominately lands associated with Brown Flesk.


Riverwalk • Proposed walkway along the banks of the Brown Flesk.




7.3.13. Currans Currans Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

RESIDENTIAL No new/proposed residential zoning. No public waste water facility.




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7.4. Screening of the Fourth Variation to the KTDP 2009-2015 The table below screens the revisions proposed as part of the fourth variation to the KTDP 2009-2015 for possible significant effects. Revisions deemed likely to have a significant effect on the environment are highlighted in red and are discussed further in Section 8. In some instances, overlaps occur between objectives, policies and/or zonings proposed in both the MD LAP and the 4th variation to the KTDP 2009-2015. To prevent repetition, in such instances reference is made to the relevant section where screening/provision of mitigation is previously presented/discussed in either Appendix 2, Sections 7 or 8 of this report. Revision Likely to






Fourth Variation to the Killarney TDP 2009-2015

Revision 1

It is proposed to include a new section - Section 2.3.1; The total area of lands now proposed to be zoned for residential use (R1) is 69ha. These lands are centrally located, within walking distance to the town centre and are overwhelming located to the south of the by-pass road and north of the River Flesk. An additional 24ha of lands are proposed to be zoned as Strategic Residential Reserve (R4). Development shall not be permitted on these lands until 80% of the proposed residential zoned lands have been developed. The provision of the required housing units shall occur within the town boundary in accordance with the Core Strategy. The Planning Authority will monitor and (bi-annually) review the amount of residential development (permitted-constructed) within the boundary to ensure compliance with the housing requirement in the Core Strategy.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1

CH1 L1 F1

Revision 2

It is proposed to Delete Table 2 in section 2.3 and replace Table 3 in section 2.3 with:

Population Allocation 2015-21

Housing Requirement

Killarney 1,781 685

Table 2: Core Strategy table details from Kerry County Development Plan 2015-2021


F1

Revision 3

It is proposed Section 2.4.3 shall be omitted and replaced with the following text: 2.4.3 Under its Core Strategy, the Kerry County Development Plan 2015-2021 has designated a population growth target for Killarney town of 1,781 people between 2015 and 2021, in line with the South West Regional Planning Guidelines 2010-2022. This population target would equate to a requirement of approximately 685 housing units at an occupancy rate of 2.6 per unit.

See Appendix 2

Revision 4

It is proposed that POLICY POP 01 (c)&(d) shall be deleted and replaced with the following text: Residential Development Objective No: It is an objective of the Council to; POP-01-C Comply with National and Regional population targets by zoning land for residential development as per the Killarney and Environs Zoning Map. The land zoned for residential development will provide adequate lands to meet the population projections in accordance with Kerry County Council Core Strategy and the South West RPGs. POP-01-D Facilitate the development of 685 residential units within the settlement boundary.


CH1 L1 F1

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Revision Likely to Improve Status of EPOs






POP-01-E Ensure that future residential development is only permitted on appropriately zoned land within the town boundary in accordance with the core strategy to ensure a sustainable and compact urban form. POP-01-F Prohibit development on lands zoned as strategic residential reserve until 80% of all other residential zoned lands have been developed to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

Revision 5

It is proposed to include the following;

Objective No: It is an objective of the Council to;

HSG-01-D Provide adequate levels of Social Housing at appropriate locations.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

Revision 6

It is proposed that the existing text in HSG-03-D shall be deleted and replaced with the following text:

Objective No: It is an objective of the Council to;

HSG-03-C Ensure that residential densities reflect the density of appropriate adjoining developments. Higher densities will be considered in the town centre or within close proximity to the town centre.

P1 HH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 F1

Revision 7

It is proposed to delete the following text (strikethrough) in HSG-03; To preserve the residential distinctiveness and character of established residential communities by the designation of Housing Protection Areas. In general, the Council shall not be in favour, except in exceptional circumstances, the sub-division of: • Existing dwelling houses, located in areas zoned for residential use, into two or more separate dwelling units/apartments, or • Individual residential sites, in areas zoned for residential use, into two or more sites for the provision of extra dwellings on the site, where, such development would lead to congestion of layout, over development of the site and would tend to detract from the residential amenities of properties in the immediate vicinity. c. To extend the Housing Protection Zone to include the Woodlawn Park area (See map of Housing Protection Zone). It is essential that the detached and semi – detached character of the area is preserved with a presumption against terrace style or infill development.

P1 HH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 F1

Revision 8

It is proposed to include the following in Section 3.10.2 3.10.2 Urban Renewal and Regeneration and Vacant Site Levy

P1 HH1 B1 W1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1

CH1 L1 F1

Revision 9

It is proposed to include a new section - Section 3.10.3 3.10.3 Residential Regeneration Areas


CH1 L1 F1

Revision It is proposed to include the following text in section 4.21 P1 M1 HH1 B1

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10 Pedestrian linkages/walkways SI-15-b Provide amenity areas at appropriate locations. SI-15-c Facilitate the sustainable development of the Ross Rd to Muckross Rd pedestrian / cycle path and the Lough Leane Looped Walk where it can be demonstrated that the development will not have significant adverse effects on the environment, including the integrity of the Natura 2000 network SI-15-d Provision of proposed amenity area including an Angling Platform with access for all, in the vicinity of Flesk Bridge. This proposal will require project level Habitats Directive Assessment and will be required to be designed and located in a manner compatible with Natura 2000 conservation objectives.

S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 L1 F1

Revision 11

It is proposed to delete section 5.3.2 of Appendix 7 and replace it with the following text: Vacant Units A number of vacant properties and sites have been identified in the town. The overall vacancy rate in Killarney Town is just over 2% (source: Kerry County Council Survey 2016, unpublished) however in the retail core it is at 12%. A high proportion of this is concentrated in the Upper New Street area (10%) and on the lanes. Innisfallen Mall and the Outlet Centre are particularly problematic with vacancy rates up to 75% in the former while the overwhelming majority of upper floor units in the Outlet Centre remain unoccupied. It is imperative that these unused commercial and residential units are redeveloped in order to increase vibrancy. The Innisfallen Mall, Old Market Lane, Upper High Street with parts of New Street have been included within the designated regeneration area. A mix of uses would be suitable on these town centre sites.


Revision 12

It is proposed to include the following new section. 5.16.3 Brownfield development: The Council encourages development that will regenerate the core of the town and contribute to a vibrant town that people will want to live in, work in and visit.


CH1 L1 F1

Revision 13

It is proposed to include the following policy statement: POLICY ED – 12 (i): To encourage and promote town centre living by facilitating proposals such as living over the shop and the redevelopment of brownfield sites.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1 L1

B1 W1 CH1 F1

Revision 14

It is proposed to delete section 5.5.2 P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1 L1

B1 W1 CH1 F1

Revision 15

It is proposed to include the following new section; 5.18 Landmark Sites & Buildings


CH1 L1 F1

Revision 16

It is proposed to include the following new section; 5.19 Opportunity Sites

See Section 7.3.1.1

Revision 17

It is proposed to include the following in Section 8.1; The Killarney town traffic model/Traffic Management Study 2016 seeks to improve traffic circulation and provide for dedicated safe spaces for pedestrians and cyclists in the town.

See Appendix 2 and Section 8.2.2

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The Killarney and Environs Land Use Zoning Map shows an indicative road from Deepark to Loreto Road on the eastern side of Killarney town. A feasibility study will be carried out on the proposed River Flesk crossing and its potential for impact on Natura 2000 sites will be taken into consideration. Where adverse impacts on Natura 2000 sites cannot be avoided this section of the indicative roadway will not be progressed.

Revision 18

It is proposed to include the following in Section 8.1; Roads & Infrastructure Objectives Objective No: It is an objective of the Council to; INFRA-03-h Provide bus set-down area, bus shelter bicycle parking at strategic locations in the town centre area. INFRA-04-n Provide dedicated bicycle parking facilities at strategic locations in the town centre area. INFRA-04-o Provide cycle lanes throughout the town at appropriate locations. INFRA-06-k Facilitate the proposed traffic management measures, as per Killarney Urban Master Plan 2005 & Killarney town traffic model/ Traffic Management Study 2016. INFRA-06-l Provide proposed Taxi Rank locations around the town, as per Killarney Urban Master Plan 2005 & Killarney town traffic model/ Traffic Management Study 2016. INFRA-06-m Provide car parks on approach roads throughout the town. INFRA-06-n Provide Electronic Parking Guidance information systems at appropriate locations on the approach roads.

P1 M1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 L1 F1

Revision 19

It is proposed to include the following text and objectives in section 9.18.2 relating to the conservation objective report for the Killarney National Park, MacGillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC

P1 HH1 B1

CH1 L1 W1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1 F1

Revision 20

It is proposed to delete Chapter 11 Action Area Plans Changes relate to deletions from the text of references to former maps, strategies, Action Plans etc that are no longer relevant further to revisions outlined above as part of the variation.

Revision 21

It is proposed to delete section 12.2 Action Area Plans

Revision 22

It is proposed to delete Sections 11.2 to 11.19 and replace with the text on the Myplan zonings This is a change to text to provide an explanation of the new zoning used as per Myplan.ie.

Revision 23

It is proposed to delete the text in section 12.11.4 Changes relate to deletions from the text of references to former maps, strategies etc that are no longer relevant further to revisions outlined above as part of the variation. Revision

24 It is proposed to delete section 12.19 Play space

Revision 25

It is proposed to delete section 12.20.1 Apartments

Revision 26

It is proposed to include a new section. Section 12.27.4 predominately on backland/infill sites P1 HH1 B1 W1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1

CH1 L1 F1

97







Revision 27

It is proposed to delete Appendix 5 Housing Strategy for Kerry 2009-2015 Changes relate to deletions from the text of references to former maps, strategies, Action Plans etc that are no longer relevant further to revisions outlined above as part of the variation.

Revision 28

It is proposed to delete Map 4 in Appendix 7 Killarney Town Retail Strategy 2009-2015

Revision 29

It is proposed to replace Landuse Phasing Map with a new Killarney and Environs zoning map See Appendix 2 and Section 7.3.1

Revision 30

Removal of obsolete maps that are now contained in the new Killarney and Environs Map Changes relate to deletions from the text of references to former maps, strategies, Action Plans etc that are no longer relevant further to revisions outlined above as part of the variation.

Revision 31

It is proposed to replace the Zoning MATRIX to that as contained in the Killarney Municipal District LAP. This change relates to new text added to explain new matrix of use and associated text.

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8. MITIGATION MEARURES

8.1. Introduction Mitigation is a measure to avoid/prevent/lessen/minimise or reduce as fully as possible significant adverse effects on the environment. Where significant effects are identified the first aim is always to prevent or avoid effects. However, if this is not possible then the next step is to lessen the effects by mitigation measures. Mitigation measures can vary across a spectrum of removing impacts (avoidance) to reducing their magnitude (reduction) to putting in place measures to remedy effects (repair) or undertake measures to compensate for the effects (compensatory). This chapter will outline the mitigations measure proposed to offset the potential significant environmental effects identified in the implementation of the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation as outlined in Chapter 7. Providing mitigation measures is required under Schedule 2B of the SEA Regulations. Mitigation measures for individual objectives and/or policies is provided in the following Sections. Where applicable these measures are integrated into the overall MD LAP in order to mitigate any significant adverse effects the implementation of the plan would have on the environment. Due to the synergistic nature of many environmental factors, mitigation measures overlap, particularly those relating to soil/geology; water/hydrogeology and biodiversity. In relation to mitigation, it should be noted that certain terminology has been integrated into the plan to ensure protection of environmental parameters outlined in Chapters 5. Sustainable/Sustainable development and/or the term sustainability imply adherence to the principles of protection of the environment further to the SEA/AA/SFRA processes. In addition, at appropriate locations and subject to environmental assessment are integrated into both objectives and/or policies that promote development. The terms, although not repeated in each objective, are nonetheless implicit. The principles of sustainable development underpin the plan and this is prefaced at the start of the document, specifically in Section 1.5 which states:

Finally, of relevance to this section is that the MD LAP/fourth variation includes measures to protect the natural and cultural heritage and the social fabric of the MD Area. This is also ensured the fact that all the policies and objectives must comply with the principles of proper planning and sustainable development and are compliant with the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015 and/or the Kerry County Development Plan 2015-2021. Both hierarchical development plans outline objectives and policies for the protection the natural environment, water quality (specifically in relation to the roll out of the WFD), landscape and the built and cultural heritage.

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8.2. Mitigation of Objectives highlighted as having a possible significant effect on the environment 8.2.1. Overall MD Objectives OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED



Objective promotes a schedule of works to be carried out in the MD. The nature of such projects implies possible significant effects on environmental receptors. In context of the Killarney MD this includes Natura 2000 sites, designated watercourses; archaeological sites; sensitive landscapes; geological heritage and cultural heritage.

A strategic objective that promotes the carrying out of projects/activities within the MD plan area. However, mitigation is integrated into the wording of the objective clarifying that any works are subject to existing environmental objectives within the plan. This includes requirements to undertake environmental assessment.

KL-RI-10 Support the development of the Killarney By-pass. See Section 8.3.1

KY-AL-01 Facilitate the development of the Lough Leane Looped Walk, Fossa way to Gap of Dunloe Greenway, while ensuring no significant adverse effects on the environment including the integrity of the Natura 2000 sites.


Yes – mitigation integrated into the wording of the objective which re-iterates no adverse effects on the environment or Natura 2000 sites. Any proposed walkway/trail will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic Development Plan (DP) and project level (development management).

KY-AL-02 Facilitate the sustainable development of the old Castleisland -Gortatlea-Fieries railway line as a recreational greenway.


Strategic objective. Ultimately any proposed walkway infrastructure will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

KY-OO-04 Promote a more sustainable pattern of development through prioritising development on suitable derelict, backland, infill and brownfield sites

Objectives promotes development in backfill/derelict sites. Considering the history of Killarney these sites are likely to have archaeological potential and possible vernacular architectural significance. Killarney environs historically development in areas of flood risk. Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of development in the town centre leading to more sustainable, consolidated growth patterns.

Yes – any developments within these sites will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of sites in identified flood risk zones – specifically Zone B. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being at risk (Zone A or B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the Ministerial Guidelines–‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management. Therefore, any proposed development

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OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED


will require a site specific flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping, compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the KCDP 2015 – 2021.

KY-OO-05 Prioritise retail regeneration within the town and village core areas. In particular development should be encouraged within designated regeneration areas and on identified opportunity sites as appropriate as identified in the plan.

See Section 8.3.1.1

8.2.2. Killarney OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED

Killarney

KL-R-01 Facilitate the development of 685 residential units within the settlement boundary.

Objective promotes the provision of residential units in the town. Various environmental sensitivities including Natura 2000 sites, designated watercourses, archaeological sites and cultural heritage. Positive impacts from the promotion of the residential development within the town boundaries thereby promoting a compact settlement structure. Positive impacts on air quality/climate factors.

Yes- the allocation is in line with the Core Strategy as outlined in Chapter 3 of the KCDP 2015-2021.

Road and Infrastructure Objective

KL-RI-01 Facilitate and implement where possible the proposed traffic management measures, as per Killarney Urban Master Plan 2005 & Killarney Traffic Management Plan 2016

The Killarney Urban Master Plan, 2005 was a 15 year plan that sought to re-establish the town core as pivotal to the experience of Killarney. A key objective was to develop the tourism base but also other economic activity in a manner that enhanced the town for both visitor and resident. Central to this was capitalising on the town’s built and natural heritage. Killarney Traffic Management Plan 2016 reviewed the transportation network and the associated demands with particular attention to the town centre. The objective was to determine the impact of proposed infrastructural measures to cope with the existing and future vehicular, pedestrian and cyclist traffic volumes. Both strategies have interlined key aims: improved cycling and walk ways (including safe routes to, schools, and key business and workplace zones); introduce traffic calming measure in the town centre; promote school and workplace travel planning; and encourage car sharing. The projects proposed as part of the strategies vary from changing public spaces in the town; traffic calming measures and introducing cycle ways and other shared spaces. The projects are predominately located in and around the urban centre of Killarney.

Yes- the projects proposed in both documents are predominately within the urban centre of Killarney town and within built up areas. Works relate to changing the configurations of existing built up public spaces with the aim of improving transport networks and promoting non-car modes of transport. Works can however be in close proximity to Natura 2000 sites but any proposed works associated with the strategies will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). It should be noted that several of the projects outlined in the plans have already gone through Part 8 and that further to screenings for EIA and AA, no significant effects on the environment/Natura 2000 sites were identified.

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Killarney

The town has a number of sensitive environmental receptors including the close proximity of Natura 2000 sites; archaeological potential and architectural heritage. Plans also of benefit to local community providing improved transport networks, road safety and amenities including promoting cycling and walking. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality.

KL-RI-02 Provide bus set-down areas, bus shelters and bicycle parking at strategic locations in the town centre area

Objectives promote developments within Killarney– possible impacts on natural heritage, built heritage, archaeology, landscape and depending on location water, biodiversity and soil. Developments also however of benefit to local community providing local amenities/parking facilities/transport and promoting cycling and walking route. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality.

Yes- any proposed development will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

KL-RI-03 Provide car parks at suitable locations on approach roads throughout the town


KL-RI-06 Provide amenity areas at appropriate locations

KL-RI-07 Facilitate the development of the Ross Rd to Muckross Rd trail, Lough Leane Looped Walk, Fossa way to Gap of Dunloe Greenway, while ensuring no significant adverse effects on the environment including the integrity of the Natura 2000 sites.


Yes – mitigation integrated into the wording of the objective which re-iterates no adverse effects on the environment or Natura 2000 sites. Any proposed walkway/trail will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

KL-RI-08 Provision of proposed amenity area including an Angling Platform with access for all, in the vicinity of Flesk Bridge.

8.2.3. Castleisland OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED


CD-EEA-04 Facilitate the repair and upgrading of the Ivy Leaf centre


Yes – any developments within these sites will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

CD-EEA-05 Encourage the redevelopment and reuse of the Carnegie building.

CD-TC-06 Expand the town centre into Main Street backlands adjacent to the Mart Site and ensure a high level of pedestrian connectivity between the two areas

CD-TC-07 Facilitate the development of a Laneway Revitalisation Programme

Tourism

CD-T-04 Create an urban space/performance area fronting onto the Chapel Lane and adjacent to the Ivy Leaf.




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CD-TM-03 Support the development of an inner relief road and a link road for Castleisland as indicated on the zoning Map subject to normal planning and environmental considerations.

See Section 8.3.2

CD-TM-05 Promote the development of Cycleways and Greenways in and around Castleisland where appropriate.

Objective promotes greenways/cycleways. The routes could potentially be in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors including Natura 2000 sites; geological heritage, archaeological sites and architecture. Development of greenways/walkways also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing. Also opens up possible tourism related business opportunities.

Strategic objective to promote greenways/cycleways. Ultimately any proposed greenway infrastructure will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

Social infrastructure and Amenity

CD-SIA-02 Seek the sustainable extension of the existing Town Park to the south of the river

Objective promotes the extension of the town park greenways across the county. This is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors notably the River Maine. Extension of the Town Park also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

Strategic objective. Ultimately any proposed extension to the park will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

CD-SIA-03 Sustainably develop the River Maine walkway as a valuable amenity in the town by helping to improve signage, seating, information points and lighting along the walk.

Objective promotes River Maine walkway. The routes could potentially be in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the River Maine itself and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.


CD-SIA-04 Ensure the River Maine walkway is completed to create a linear pedestrian route and cycleway along the river supplemented by open space where conditions allow.

CD-SIA-05 Facilitate the sustainable extension of the River Maine walkway along the old Castleisland to Gortatlea railway line as a recreational greenway


Urban Form

CD-UF-04 Improve the appearance, overall condition and encourage return to use of derelict and vacant buildings.

Objectives promotes the re-use of vacant/derelict buildings. Considering the history of Castleisland these sites are likely to have archaeological potential and architectural significance.

Yes – any developments within these sites will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant

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Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of the adaptive reuse of vacant/older/historic buildings and development in the town centre leading to more sustainable, consolidated growth patterns.

effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

8.2.4. Barraduff OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED

Open Space

BF-O-01 Promote the sustainable development of a village park and playground at an appropriate location.

Objective promotes a river way and playground in the village. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.


BF-O-02 Promote the sustainable development of a riverside walkway at an appropriate location adjoining the proposed village park.

8.2.5. Farranfore OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED

FE-GO-01 Promote and support the sustainable expansion and growth of Kerry International Airport (Objective RD-36 KCDP) by ensuring compatibility between airport uses and other land uses. The onus shall be on developers (in consultation with Kerry Airport) to ensure that any proposed development within the development boundary of Farranfore does not penetrate the Obstacle Limitations Surfaces as defined in Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation.


Yes-integrated into the objective which outlines a number of criteria to be met in order for the sustainable development of the airport. Ultimately any development of the airport will will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

FE-GO-02 Ensure that any development between the 57 La.eq and 60 La.eq noise contours, as shown on zoning map, shall make specific provision for sound attenuation to ensure ambient internal noise levels shall be to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

Open Space

FE-O-01 Facilitate the sustainable creation of a park associated with the old Farranfore to Castlemaine rail line and renovation of the water tower.

Objectives promotes the restoration/renovation of a historic structure. Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of the adaptive reuse of vacant/older/historic buildings and development of park to celebrate the industrial heritage of the site.


8.2.6. Fieries OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED


FS-O-02 Promote the development of a recreational walking trail focusing on the village stream and along the disused railway line, interconnecting with existing and proposed residential developments in a manner

Objective promotes a river walkway and greenway along a railway line. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and possible

Strategic objective. Ultimately any proposed walkway infrastructure will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD

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compatible with the natural and built environment. archaeological sites and built/industrial heritage. It is noted however that the greenway is proposed along a former railway line – this implies a brownfield site often with existing infrastructure e.g. bridges etc and/or disturbed lands Development of walkway/greenway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

8.2.7. Kilcummin OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED


KN-O-01 Promote the sustainable development of a riverside walkway/amenity area adjoining the village park.

Objective promotes a river walkway and amenity area in the village. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.


8.2.8. Rathmore OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED


RE-S-01 Facilitate the sustainable extension to the existing burial ground. Objective promotes the extension to the existing burial ground. Cemetery developments can have impacts on watercourses and groundwater. Positive impacts by the provision of social infrastructure in the community.

Any development of burial grounds will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

8.2.9. Fossa OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED

General Objective

FA-GO-05 Support the sustainable provision of a recreational walkway/cycleway around Lough Leane as appropriate. Any such route should be designated and located so as to be compatible with environmental designations in the area.

Objective promotes a river walkway and amenity area in the village. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and the possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.



Open Space

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General Objective

FA-O-01 Facilitate the development of the Fossa Way proposals around Lough Leane in Killarney, in a sustainable manner, subject to detailed environmental assessment.


Yes – mitigation integrated into the wording of the objective which re-iterates no adverse effects on the environment or Natura 2000 sites and subject to environmental assessment. Any proposed walkway/trail will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

FA-O-02 Facilitate the sustainable development of a Greenway from Fossa to the Gap of Dunloe - subject to environmental assessment.

8.2.10. Gneeveguilla OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED


GA-S-01 Facilitate the sustainable extension to the existing burial ground. Objective promotes the extension to the existing burial ground. Cemetery developments can have impacts on watercourses and groundwater. Positive impacts by the provision of social infrastructure in the community.


8.2.11. Scartaglin OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED


SN-S-01 Facilitate the sustainable extension to the existing burial ground Objective promotes the extension to the existing burial ground. Cemetery developments can have impacts on watercourses and groundwater. Positive impacts by the provision of social infrastructure in the community.


8.2.12. Currow OBJECTIVE LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION PROVIDED

General

CW-GO-05 Encourage the appropriate reuse and sensitive restoration of unused/derelict vernacular properties in the village.

Objectives promotes the re-use of vacant/derelict buildings. These sites are likely to have archaeological potential and architectural significance. Positive impacts also likely further to the promotion of the adaptive reuse of vacant/older/historic buildings and development in the town centre leading to more sustainable, consolidated growth patterns.


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General

CW-GO-06 Safeguard the operation and expansion of Kerry Airport. No development shall be permitted which would prejudice the future development potential of Kerry Airport. The onus shall be on developers (in consultation with Kerry Airport) to ensure that any proposed development within the development boundary of Currow does not penetrate the Obstacle Limitations Surfaces as defined in Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation.


Yes-integrated into the objective which outlines a number of criteria to be met in order for the sustainable development of the airport. Ultimately any development of the airport will will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

CW-GO-07 Ensure that any development between the 57 La.eq and 60 La.eq noise contours, as shown on zoning map, shall make specific provision for sound attenuation to ensure ambient internal noise levels shall be to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

CW-GO-09 Reserve lands for the development of a riverside walk as indicated on the Zoning Map.

Objective promotes a river walkway in the village. The route is in proximity to various sensitive environmental receptors namely the river and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkway also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.


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8.3. Mitigation for Proposed Zoning in MD LAP. 8.3.1. Killarney Killarney Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL New/proposed residential is located throughout the town, predominately within lands previously zoned under phase 1 residential development in KTDP. The sites are within the town boundary and close to the town centre. Strategic Residential Reserve lands are also zoned to the north of the town, to the south of the N22 and north of the River Deenagh, designated as part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC. New developments potential to impact on a number of environment sensitive receptors. Killarney town and environs is in proximity to several Natura 2000 sites and sites of cultural heritage including Killarney National Park and associated grounds and gardens. Potential for significant effects relate therefore to an unique range of environment sensitive receptors including Natura 2000 sites and annexed habitat and species; designated watercourses for a range of freshwater dependent habitats/species; cultural heritage sites and landscapes and archaeological potential associated with the history of settlement. Killarney town has a waste water treatment plant has a design capacity of 54,000pe with a present load of 33,000. A Drainage Area Plan (DAP) for the town is also proposed.

The proximity of Killarney town and environs to Natura 2000 sites and possible significant effects is assessed in the NIR that accompanies the LAP/4th variation. Briefly, the NIR noted potential significant effects on habitats and species associated with the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC. In particular, the conservation objectives noted the presence of roost sites for Lesser Horseshoe Bats in the town environs. Two objectives were subsequently added to the plan to mitigate any potential impacts on bat species from direct or indirect disturbances from e.g. lighting or other development works. In addition, buffers are proposed between town infrastructure/proposed zonings and Natura 2000 designations including the boundary with the KNP and the three main designated watercourses that flow through the town, the Deenagh, Flesk and Woodford rivers. Irish Water have confirmed the capacity of the WWTP to meet population growth. A DAP is also proposed for the town. Further to the above, no other specific mitigation required. Any future developments identified with zones for residential development will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

MIXED USE Existing town centre/built ground. Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of part of the site in an identified flood risk zone. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being at risk (Zone A or B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the Ministerial Guidelines –‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management. Therefore, any proposed development of the sites will require a site-specific flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping, compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the County Development Plan 2015 – 2021. No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

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Killarney Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION



No other specific mitigation required. Any development of the sites will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.


None identified Predominately relates buffer zones between the town infrastructure and Natura 2000 sites and/or sensitive landscapes. Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of part of these sites in identified flood risk zones. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being at risk (Zone A or B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the Ministerial Guidelines –‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management. Therefore, any proposed development of the sites will require a site-specific flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping, compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the County Development Plan 2015 – 2021.


AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the town. Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of part of these sites in an identified flood risk zone. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being at risk (Zone A or B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the Ministerial Guidelines –‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management. Therefore, any proposed development of the sites will require a site-specific flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping, compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the County Development Plan 2015 – 2021 No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

COMMUNITY SERVICES/FACILTIES

None identified, relates to existing uses including education, health facilities and sporting facilities

No specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

WASTE WATER None identified, relates to existing uses on site. -

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OTHER

N22 Farranfore-Killarney Realignment and N71-N22 Link Road.

A proposed indicative route of the N22 Farranfore-Killarney Realignment and the N22- N71 Link Road is provided in the MD LAP/4th variation. This scheme, previously assessed in the SEA and NIR of the Tralee/Killarney Hub Functional Area Local Area Plan 2013-2019, passes through a number of environmental sensitives as outlined in a number of environmental reports prepared in respect of the proposal, including:-

• N22 Road Improvement Scheme – Farranfore to Killarney. Environmental Assessment of Route Options, RPS 2003.

• N22 Aquatic Survey of Woodford and Deenagh River. RPS 2005.

• N22 Road Improvement Scheme - Farranfore to Killarney [KY-00-120] Route Refinement Appraisal & Selection Report. Arup 2012

• Natura Impact Report – Proposed N22 Farranfore to Killarney Road Improvement Scheme Route Refinement Scheme, KCC 2012

In particular, the indicative N22 route traverses two European Sites – the Castlemaine Harbour cSAC and the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and the Caragh River catchment cSAC. The Castlemaine Harbour SAC is crossed in the vicinity of the Gweestin River approx 5Km to the south of Farranfore and the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks and River Caragh Catchment SAC in the vicinity of the Deenagh River and the Flesk River in the Killarney Town environs. The Woodford is also crossed at an indicative point upstream of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks and River Caragh Catchment cSAC. The Brown Flesk, undesignated, occurs close to the northern end of the scheme. The proposed indicative route of the N71-N22 Link Road onto the N71 road would cross the River Flesk, part of the Killarney National Park SAC, and would be in the vicinity of Sheheree (Ardagh) Bog SAC. The potential for the road scheme to significantly effect European sites is addressed in the NIR that accompanies the MD LAP. Briefly it notes potential impacts from the road scheme predominately relates to proposed crossings of designated watercourses and associated impacts on freshwater species/habitats. Although not designated for the species, populations of Freshwater Pearl Mussel (FWPM) are historically recorded in the Brown Flesk, Flesk and Deenagh. Potential impacts to the annexed species of Lesser Horseshoe bats is also noted. The NIR also notes any proposed crossing of the River Gweestin requires ecological assessment for possible terrestrial annexed habitats. The NIR subsequently requested several amendments to the MD LAP/4th variation to ensure adverse effects on the site integrity of European sites would be avoided further to the implementation of the plan.

The potential for the road scheme to significantly affect European sites is addressed in the NIR that accompanies the MD LAP. The NIR concludes that in relation to the proposed scheme: at final road design / location selection stage, an Article 6, Habitats Directive Assessment will be required and alternative solutions may need to be considered in order to avoid significant adverse impacts on the ecological integrity of Natura 2000 sites. In relation other possible significant effects on the environment associated with the scheme, a number of environmental sensitive receptors are acknowledged in proximity to the indicative route. Like any infrastructure project, the scheme will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. This includes assessment under the EIA and Habitats Directive at project level. Possible significant effects identified are also subject to assessment under best practices guidelines from TII at project level including guidelines on ecological assessment, archaeology/architectural heritage; landscape; noise/construction works; ecology (including specific guidelines on otters, badgers and bats) and water crossings.

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As noted one of the main potential for significant effects from the scheme relates to possible ecological constraints from crossings/proximity to European sites. Local ecological constraints are also likely to occur including other crossings of undesignated watercourses and smaller surface water streams. Sites of local ecological importance are outlined in the RPS report - Environmental Assessment of Route Options. Similarly, the scheme is likely to have impacts on a range of other environmental factors including archaeology and/or architectural heritage considering the length of the scheme through a rural and semi-urban landscape. Proximity to houses/populations and associated noise impacts at construction and operation stage will be applicable, particularly closer to Killarney town. Possible landscape impacts are also highlighted in this strategic assessment of the scheme, particularly in the environs of Killarney. The crossings of the Flesk will involve new crossings of the watercourse. The natural topography of the land here implies a significant structure may be required to cross the watercourse. The visual impacts of the any proposed crossing on the existing landscape will need to be considered. In addition, the landscape of lands to the west of the Flesk and included in the indicative route of the N71-N22 link road reflect a cultural heritage landscape associated with the nearby Flesk Castle and PS Coolclogher House. In addition, the proposed location of where the link road will join the N71 is in the vicinity of a number of listed views and prospects in the KCDP 2015-2021.

Indicative Road shown within Killarney town

A proposed indicative road that runs north-south through Killarney town is shown in the Killarney and Environs Map. The road runs from Deerpark to Loreto Road on the eastern side of the town. Part of this route was previously indicated in the Killarney Town Development Plan. A new extension to this route is also now proposed through Bishop’s Farm over the River Flesk southwards to Mill road and onto Loreto Road. The route predominately passes through the urban centre of Killarney town and environs. However, as noted in the NIR that accompanies the MD LAP/4th variation, the southern end of the scheme is indicated as crossing the River Flesk, designated as part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and the Caragh River catchment cSAC/pNHA. Due to the nature of river crossings there is the potential for significant effects on the freshwater habitats and species. The Flesk has also undesignated populations of FWPM. Extensive riparian habitat occurs at the indicative location of the crossing, part of this is outside the cSAC but is within the pNHA. This woodland habitat is also associated with foraging habitat of the annexed Lesser Horseshoe bat, populations of which roost in the area. The crossing of the proposed indicative road is also close to Coolclogher Mill, a National Monument and is in close proximity to Coolcloher House and Flesk Castle. The landscape of the area reflects the cultural heritage of former 18th and 19th century demesnes. There is therefore the potential for impacts on local landscapes and sites of cultural heritage significance. There are also several archaeological site recorded in the vicinity of the

The potential for the road scheme to significantly affect European sites is addressed in the NIR that accompanies the MD LAP. As noted the crossing of the Flesk is identified as a possible significant effect on the cSAC. Further to this the LAP notes that a feasibility study will be carried out on the proposed River Flesk crossing and its potential for impact on Natura 2000 sites will be taken into consideration. Where adverse impacts on Natura 2000 sites can not be avoided this section of the indicative roadway will not be progressed. In relation to other possible significant effects on the environment associated with the scheme, a number of environmental sensitive receptors are acknowledged in proximity to the indicative route. Like any infrastructure project, the scheme will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. This includes assessment under the EIA and Habitats Directive at project level. Possible significant effects identified are also subject to assessment under best practices guidelines from TII at project level including guidelines on ecological assessment, archaeology/architectural heritage; landscape; noise/construction works; ecology (including specific guidelines on otters, badgers and bats) and water crossings.

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route. North of the Flesk crossing the main environmental sensitivity is that route runs through the eastern area of Killarney town. It passes close to a number of residential estates and community facilities. The proposed line follows existing roads to some degree but also runs off-line into green areas. Nearly all of these areas are of low ecological value being associated with amenity grassland. Nonetheless they would have local value as open green spaces. Changes in traffic patterns and associated noise/disturbance impacts could occur at operation stage. North of the Flesk no other watercourse are crossed. Although the northern end of the scheme is in proximity to the Deenagh River, there is a significant buffer between the cSAC and the start of the scheme close to the existing N22/Killarney by-pass.

8.3.1.1. Killarney Opportunity Sites Opportunity Site Zoning Killarney

LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

1 St Finians The site to the north of the town and adjacent to the ring road includes the buildings of the former St Finian’s Hospital, a protected structure and associated surrounding lands. The former hospital and adjacent lands occupies a strategic location on the northern edge of Killarney. The location, siting and design of any future development on the site will need careful consideration and have to be carried out to a high quality architectural design. Any future development will need to protect and enhance the existing character and views of the hospital building. The site is located to the north of Killarney town centre within a residential area close to the town centre. The likelihood for significant effects are deemed overall positive with the opportunity to redevelop a site close to the town centre and other local amenities. Any proposals recognize the cultural heritage of the site. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, the Deenagh is the closest watercourse designated as the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, but it is buffered by built infrastructure, the policy promotes the re-development of a site in close proximity to the town centre and existing community facilities. Cultural heritage of the site recognized in the policy.

None required – the zoning already recognizes the cultural heritage of the site and no other specific mitigation required further to the proposed use of the site. Any future projects will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the development of the lands deemed a positive impact.

2 Green Lane/Pond Lane These lands are located off Green Lane and to the rear of properties on New Street. This includes a large greenfield site and a number of underutilised rear residential gardens This area retains potential for significant further development, particularly with respect to improvements to the public realm and the development of civic amenity. This site is considered to be suitable location for a mixed-use development with commercial/retailing functions dominating ground floor activity with a high density residential element. High quality public spaces conducive to pedestrian activity should also form an integral part of any redevelopment proposal.

None required – the plan recognizes the location of Natura 2000 sites in direct proximity to Killarney town. Any future projects on the site will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised

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The main environmental sensitivity and likely significant effect is the proximity of the site to the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC/Killarney National Park SPA. Possible archaeological deposits. Positive impact also identified in the re-development of key town centre site for various uses including public realm.

impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the development of the lands deemed a positive impact. See also NIR for further assessment in relation to Natura 2000 sites.

3 Aras Padraig The Áras Phádraig building which is located on Lower Lewis Road occupies an important location in very close proximity to the town centre. The site also offers an opportunity to redevelop the existing car/coach park to sustainably provide additional parking spaces. The feasibility of the provision of a multi-storey carpark with increased pedestrian permeability needs to be assessed. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, the Deenagh is the closest watercourse designated as the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, but it is buffered by built infrastructure, the policy promotes the re-development of a site in close proximity to the town centre.

Any future projects will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the development of the lands deemed a positive impact.

4. Ballycasheen Road Junction

This is a strategic gateway site adjoining Musgraves Food depot on the south-eastern entrance to the town. The site is bounded by the N22 to the north and the Ballycasheen Road to the south. The design and massing of new proposals at this location is important and the use of perimeter blocks is encouraged. Development proposals will need to relate positively to the established residential area in proximity to the site, while ensuring a high quality public realm at this location. Retail use on this site is not permitted. The main environmental sensitivity and likely significant effect is the proximity of the site to the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, notably the River Woodford to the north/northwest. Possible archaeological deposits. Positive impacts in the development of the site for housing and other uses associated with the key location near the town centre.

None required – the plan recognizes the location of Natura 2000 sites in direct proximity to Killarney town. Any future projects on the site will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the development of the lands deemed a positive impact. See also NIR for further assessment in relation to Natura 2000 sites.

5 Mission Road/Beech Road This is a strategic site adjoining the town centre currently used for surface carparking. The location, siting, massing and design of any future development on the site will need careful consideration and shall be carried out to a high quality architectural design. The site shall contain a landmark structure containing a multi-storey carpark and with a mixed use/residential element wrapped around. The main environmental sensitivity and likely significant effect is the proximity of the site to the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC/Killarney National Park SPA. Possible archaeological deposits.

None required – the plan recognizes the location of Natura 2000 sites in direct proximity to Killarney town. Any future projects on the site will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the development of the lands deemed a positive impact. See also NIR for further assessment in relation to Natura 2000 sites.

113

6. Park Road This is a strategic gateway site adjoining Killarney Outlet Centre on the eastern entrance to the town. The site is bounded by the Port Road to the north and the railway train station and line to the south and west. The design and massing of new proposals at this location is important and the use of perimeter blocks is encouraged. Development proposals will need to relate positively to the established residential area in proximity to the site, while ensuring a high quality public realm at this location. A landmark tourism and indoor leisure facility will be accommodated on this. High density tourist accommodation may be considered at the southern part of the site. Retail use on this site is not permitted. Significant road realignment and junction improvements may be necessary at this site. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, the River Flesk is the closest watercourse designated as the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, but it is buffered by built infrastructure, the policy promotes the re-development of a site in close proximity to the town centre.

Any future projects will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the development of the lands deemed a positive impact. See also NIR for further assessment in relation to Natura 2000 sites.

Other opportunity sites mainly smaller brownfield sites situated off: New Road, New Street, Msgr. O’Flaherty Road and Sunnyhill.

A number of small opportunity sites have been identified, the development of these are of prime importance to the economic and residential regeneration of the town. The local authority will encourage the redevelopment of these sites throughout the town on a case by case basis. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, the River Deenagh is the closest watercourse designated as the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC, but it is buffered by built infrastructure, the policy promotes the re-development of a site in close proximity to the town centre. Possible archaeological deposits and architectural heritage

Any future projects will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the development of the lands deemed a positive impact. See also NIR for further assessment in relation to Natura 2000 sites.

8.3.2. Castleisland Castleisland Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL New/proposed residential located within proximity to the town centre. Strategic Residential Reserve located towards the northern boundary of the site. New developments potential to impact on range of environment parameters but no significant environmental sensitivities effected by zonings. Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural lands/infill sites, no nature conservation designations close to the town. River Maine is a significant watercourse, not designated as a Natura 2000 site but a salmonid river. Town has archaeological potential and cultural heritage significance. Ongoing investment in waste water infrastructure in conjugation with Irish Water.

Any future redevelopment will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (Development Plan) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of part of the site in an identified flood risk zone. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being at risk (Zone B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the Ministerial Guidelines –‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management. Therefore, any proposed development of the sites will require a site-specific flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping, compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the County Development Plan 2015 –

114

Castleisland Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

2021. The waste water treatment plant is undergoing ongoing investment and improvements in line Irish Water strategic plans.

MIXED USE Existing town centre/built ground. Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of part of the site in an identified flood risk zone. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being at risk (Zone A or B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the Ministerial Guidelines –‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management. Therefore, any proposed development of the sites will require a site-specific flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping, compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the County Development Plan 2015 – 2021. No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.



No other specific mitigation required. Any development of the sites will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.


None identified Predominately relates to green field sites in housing estates and An Riocht running track.


AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the town. Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of part of the site in an identified flood risk zone. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being at risk (Zone A or B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the Ministerial Guidelines –‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management. Therefore, any proposed development of the sites will require a site-specific flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping, compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the County Development Plan 2015 – 2021 No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-

115

Castleisland Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

OTHER

Indicative Inner Relief Road • No designated sites in the vicinity of the route that is within Castleisland town,

• main potential relates to crossing of the River Main and archaeological potential of the route identified and possible local impacts on architectural/vernacular architecture.

• proposal to cross the River Maine south of the town. Lands here not deemed ecologically sensitive, predominately agricultural lands to the south of Castleisland Secondary school and infill/brownfield sites to the north of the river.

• Main potential for significant effects is the crossing of the River Maine and possible impacts on the river. The crossing however is likely to be single span construction with no interference with the Maine, the route is indicative at this stage.

• Any visual impacts likely to mitigated, the river is crossed by a number of bridges, exists within an urban setting and the bridge design can be sensitive to location.

• proposal aims to improve traffic congestion in the town

• opportunity to open up backlands/infill sites for sustainable development of town centre

Overall no significant effects identified – the scheme will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

Maine River Walk • The walk already exists along the River Maine as it passes through Castleisland town,

• Existing infrastructure in place including path, access points to the walk at bridges and other key points including the local primary school and An Ríocht running track,

• Riparian habitat survives along the river, however any upgrades to the river walk likely to be local in nature and no extensive works are required to the walkway. It is already in use by the community.


Overall no significant effects identified – the walk is existing and any works to improve or upgrade will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

8.3.2.1. Castleisland Opportunity Site Opportunity Site Zoning Castleisland


1. Lands on Main Street This town centre opportunity site has been identified fronting onto Main Street stretching down to the mart. It comprises of a disused vacant garage fronting onto main Street and a number of vacant rear garden plots. This brownfield site is located to the south of Castleisland town centre in an area that predominately consists of the back/rear gardens of properties that front onto Main Street. The likelihood for significant effects are deemed overall positive with the opportunity to improve this

Any future development will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

116



area of the town for a variety of uses associated with its location in the centre of the town close to the local Mart. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, no designated sites, promotes the sustainable re-development/re-use of sites in proximity to the town centre. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application.

Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the regeneration of the area is deemed a positive impact.

2. Lands adjacent to An Ríocht

This large greenfield site is adjacent to the mart and An Ríocht and has a large riverfront frontage. There is an opportunity to redevelop this site with new structures incorporating a hotel and other tourism related uses centred on a civic/amenity space along the river. This site has the potential to be a focal point of the town. This opportunity site consists of two fields of agricultural grassland located between the primary school to the west and an Ríocht running track to the west. The main potential for significant effects relates to the River Maine which borders the site to the south. The river is not designated but is of ecological significance as a salmonid river. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application.

Any future development will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the regeneration of the area is deemed a positive impact.

3. Site at Main Street/Limerick Road Junction

This is a strategic gateway site on the north-eastern entrance to the town located on the junction of the old Limerick road. The redevelopment of this site presents an opportunity to regenerate this large landmark site for a mixed use. The design and massing of new proposals at this location is important and the use of perimeter blocks is encouraged. Development proposals will need to relate positively to the established residential area in proximity to the site, while ensuring a high quality public realm at this location. This brownfield site is located to the north of Castleisland town centre on exiting/entering the town from the old Limerick Road. It consists of an browfield site that fronts onto both Main Street and the Limerick Road. The likelihood for significant effects are deemed overall positive with the opportunity to improve this area of the town for a variety of uses associated with its location close to the town centre and at a main entry/exit point to the town. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, no designated sites, promotes the sustainable re-development/re-use of sites in proximity to the town centre. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application.


4. Site adjacent to St Stephans Church

This site is adjacent to St Stephens Church and includes a number of rear gardens which are accessed via St Stephens Park. The redevelopment of this site presents an opportunity to regenerate a large backland site adjacent to St. Stephens (Ivy Leaf) and close to the heart of the town for cultural and heritage use. The amalgamation of plots is encouraged. Any future development will need to protect and enhance the existing character and views of the church. This brownfield site is located to the north of Castleisland town centre in an area that consists of the back/rear gardens of properties that front onto Main Street. The likelihood for significant effects are deemed overall positive with the opportunity to improve this area of the town for a variety of uses associated with its location in the centre of the town close to a local cultural/community centre. No significant negative impacts identified - no watercourses in the vicinity, no designated sites, promotes the sustainable re-development/re-use of sites in proximity to the town centre.


117



Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application.

5. Lands to the rear of the Killarney Road

This site is adjacent to the existing light industrial units on Barrack Street and also includes a number of underultised rear residential gardens along the Killarney Road. The site includes some vacant properties and sizable gardens to the rear and side of houses which combine to create potential for a significant infill site that harness its prime location adjacent to the town centre. The redevelopment of this site presents an opportunity to extend the site for mixed use. It is the intention of the Local Authority that the overall opportunity site (made up of individual properties) is developed as a cohesive unit. The amalgamation of plots is encouraged. This opportunity site consists of rear gardens of a number of properties that front onto the Killarney road. The main potential for significant effects relates to the River Maine which borders the site to the south. The river is not designated but is of ecological significance as a salmonid river. Possible archaeological deposits that are likely to be mitigated as part of any development management application. Overall, any effects deemed to be local.


8.3.3. Barraduff Baraduff Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential – proposed towards the western end of the village. Strategic Reserve lands to the south of the village. New developments potential to impact on several environment parameters but no significant environmental sensitivities effected by zonings. Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural lands/infill sites partially developed in the environs of the village. Village has a new waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth. Closest environmental sensitivity is the Owneyskeagh River to the east of the village designated as part of the Killareny National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River catchment cSAC. Village has archaeological potential.

Zonings for housing developments are buffered from the cSAC by existing village infrastructure, no direct impacts on designations. Village as a waste water treatment plant that can facilitate population growth. Ultimately, any future developments will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (Development Plan) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

MIXED USE Existing town centre/built ground. No specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.


None identified Predominately relates to green field sites in housing estates and lands in proximity to the cSAC designations

AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the town. No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in

118

Baraduff Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

OTHER

Riverwalk • Proposed walkway along the banks of the Owneyskeagh River/tributary upstream of the cSAC.




The river at this location runs to the north of the village. Riparian habitat survives along the northern bank with agricultural grassland further north. South of the river is village infrastructure. Overall the location of the indicative route is unlikely to have a significant effect on the environment, further to protection of water quality. Any works for a proposed path will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

Playground Site is to the south of the banks of the Owneyskeagh River/tributary upstream of the cSAC. The site is presently a greenfield site of amenity grassland. Riparian habitat survives to the northern boundary. Potential for archaeological remains.

The river at this location runs to the north of the village. Riparian habitat survives along the northern and southern bank within the village. Overall the location of the proposed playground is unlikely to have a significant effect on the environment, further to protection of water quality and maintaining a buffer to the river. Any works for a proposed playground will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).


8.3.4. Farranfore Farranfore Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential – proposed to the east and west of the village.

Strategic Reserve lands to the south of the village.

Village has a waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth.

Closest environmental sensitivity is a tributary of the Maine that runs

through the village. The watercourse is not designated but part of salmonid

water system.


Ongoing investment in waste water infrastructure in conjugation with Irish

Water.

No specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc

will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance

with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021.

Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning

policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development

management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised

impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

The waste water treatment plant is undergoing ongoing investment and

improvements in line Irish Water strategic plans.

MIXED USE Existing town centre/built ground. No specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc




119

Farranfore Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION





EMPLOYMENT

Reflects existing use on site No specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc







MIXED/GENERAL TRANSPORT

USES


AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the town. No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use

etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in

compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-

2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing

planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level

(development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-

specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified Predominately relates lands adjacent to river.


8.3.5. Fieries Fieries Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential – proposed towards the eastern end of the village. Village has a new waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth. Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural grasslands. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the village is an unnamed tributary of the River Maine that runs through the village. Village has archaeological potential and architectural heritage.

Any future developments will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (Development Plan) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.



None identified Predominately lands along the river.

AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the town. No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use

120

Fieries Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

OPPORTUNITY SITE See Section 8.3.5.1

OTHER

Riverwalk • Proposed walkway along the banks of the unnamed tributary of the River Maine.




The river at this location runs to the north-south through the village. Riparian habitat survives along both banks grading into agricultural grassland/village infrastructure. Overall the location of the indicative route is unlikely to have a significant effect on the environment, further to protection of water quality. Any works for a proposed path will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).


8.3.5.1. Fieries Opportunity Site Opportunity Site Zoning Fieries


1 Former Creamery The former Creamery site has been identified as an opportunity site. The development of the site for a mix of uses will be considered subject to high quality architectural design which enhances and contributes to the village core. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the zoning is an unnamed tributary of the River Maine that runs through the village. Cultural heritage associated with the former use of the site as a creamery. Positive impact from the development of a site in the village core for mix of uses.

Any future projects will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable. Overall the development of the lands deemed a positive impact.

8.3.6. Kilcummin Kilcummin Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential – proposed towards the northern end of the village.

The Deenagh at this location runs to south of the village and is outside the settlement boundary. Riparian habitat survives along both banks with agricultural grassland/village infrastructure also evident.

121

Kilcummin Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

Strategic Reserve proposed around village core White Lands reserved predominately to the southwest of the village. Lands are outside but in proximity to Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment cSAC. Village has been recently granted a waste water pipeline from Kilcummin to Killarney WWTP. Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural grasslands. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the village is the Deenagh River and associated riparian habitat designated as part of the Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment cSAC. Village has archaeological potential.

Overall the location of the zoning is unlikely to have a significant effect on the environment, further to protection of water quality at both construction and operational stages. The LAP acknowledges the closeness of the cSAC and has a policy to protect the integrity of the European Site. Any developments in the village will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). See also NIR for further assessment in relation to Natura 2000 sites


GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified Predominately lands along the river including a community developed

biodiversity park.

AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the town. No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.

OTHER

Riverwalk • Proposed walkway along the banks of the Deenagh/tributary.

• Route indicative in nature but possible impacts on riparian habitat, water

quality and/or disturbance of freshwater habitats/species.


• Positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive

impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing.

The river at this location runs to the south of the village. Riparian habitat

survives along both banks grading into agricultural grassland. Overall the

location of the indicative route is unlikely to have a significant effect on the

environment, further to protection of water quality. Any works for a proposed

path will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in

compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021.



management).


122

8.3.7. Rathmore Rathmore West Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential proposed to the north of the village. Village has a new waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth.

Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural

grasslands. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs of the village

is the Blackwater and tributaries designated as part of the Blackwater

(Munster) cSAC. However, the site is a considerable distance from

Rathmore West.


Water.

Zonings for housing developments are buffered from the cSAC by existing village infrastructure, no direct impacts on designations. Village as a waste water treatment plant that can facilitate population growth. Ultimately, any future developments will be subject to proper planning and

sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-

2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects

therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic

(Development Plan) and project level (development management). Any future

developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at

project level, if applicable.











EMPLOYMENT

Reflects existing use on site No specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use etc







GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified -

AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the village. Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of part of the site in an

identified flood risk zone. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD

plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being

at risk (Zone A or B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the

Ministerial Guidelines –‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management.

Therefore, any proposed development of the sites will require a site-specific

flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping,

compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test

and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the

objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the County Development Plan 2015 –

2021

No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use

123

Rathmore West Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION







Rathmore East Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL New/Proposed residential proposed to the north and south of the village. Strategic Reserve located to the south of the village. Village has a new waste water facility that caters for proposed population growth.

Lands zoned predominately of low ecological value consisting of agricultural

grasslands or infill lands. The main environmental sensitivity in the environs

of the village is the Blackwater and tributaries designated as part of the

Blackwater (Munster) cSAC. The site is in close proximity to the village

boundary.



Water.

Zonings for housing developments are buffered from the cSAC by existing village infrastructure, no direct impacts on designations. Village as a waste water treatment plant that can facilitate population growth. Specific mitigation required in relation to the location of part of the site in an identified flood risk zone. As detailed in the SFR that accompanies the MD plan, within the areas identified by the Indicative Flood Risk Mapping as being at risk (Zone A or B), all proposals for development will need to comply with the Ministerial Guidelines –‘The Planning System and Flood Risk Management. Therefore, any proposed development of the sites will require a site-specific flood risk assessment, i.e. verification of indicative Flood Zone Mapping, compliance with the requirements of the Development Plan Justification Test and detailed site specific assessment, as appropriate, in accordance with the objectives as detailed in Chapter 10 of the County Development Plan 2015 – 2021. Ultimately, any future developments will be subject to proper planning and

sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-

2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects


(Development Plan) and project level (development management). Any future

developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and mitigated at

project level, if applicable.










GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified, predominately green areas adjacent to cSAC designations. -

AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the village. No other specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of use



124

Rathmore West Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION





8.3.8. Fossa Fossa Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL No new/proposed residential zoning. No Strategic residential reserve identified within village.









Main environment sensitivity is the proximity of the village to the Killarney

National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment cSAC,

namely Lough Leane.


The village is connected to the Killarney WWTP.


EMPLOYMENT


GREEN/RECREATIONAL/

CONSERVATION

None identified, predominately green areas adjacent to cSAC designations. -








OTHER

Preserved Woodland None identified -

Walkway • Walkways proposed around established woodland and towards

Lough Leane. Lough Leane is designated as part of the Killarney

National Park, Macgillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment

cSAC.

• Route indicative in nature but possible impacts on woodland

habitat and/or disturbance of freshwater habitats/ species.


• Positive impact on local community providing a local amenity.

Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and

health/wellbeing.

Overall the routes are indicative but are unlikely to have a significant effect on

the environment, further to protection of water quality and protection of

woodland habitat. Any works for proposed walkways will be subject to proper

planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP

2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects


(DP) and project level (development management).


125

8.3.9. Gneeveguilla Gneeveguilla Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION

RESIDENTIAL No new/proposed residential zoning. Strategic residential reserve identified within village.

White lands proposed to the east and west of the village.

No significant environmental sensitivities in proximity to the village. Village

has archaeological potential and architectural heritage









WASTE WATER Reflects existing use on site



8.3.10. Scartaglin Scartaglin Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION


Strategic residential reserve identified within village.


Stacks SPA in proximity to the village but a considerable distance from the

village boundary. Brown Flesk runs to the south of the village boundary.

The watercourse is not designated but a salmonid river.











OPEN SPACE/PARK None identified -









8.3.11. Cordal Cordal Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION


No specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of

126

Cordal Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION


No significant environmental sensitivities in proximity to the village.


use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development

in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or

KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore

addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP)

and project level (development management). Any future

developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and

mitigated at project level, if applicable. VILLAGE CENTRE Existing village centre/built ground.


AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the

village.

No other specific mitigation required. Any future

redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning

and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP,

KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible

significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and

objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development

management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific,

localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.


8.3.12. Currow Cordal Zoning LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION



No significant environmental sensitivities in proximity to the village.


No specific mitigation required. Any future redevelopment/change of

use etc will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development

in compliance with the with the MD LAP, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or

KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore

addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP)

and project level (development management). Any future

developments are likely to be site-specific, localised impacts and

mitigated at project level, if applicable. VILLAGE CENTRE Existing village centre/built ground.


AGRICULTURE None identified, predominately rural lands on the outskirts of the

village.

No other specific mitigation required. Any future

redevelopment/change of use etc will be subject to proper planning

and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD LAP,

KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible

significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and

objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development

management). Any future developments are likely to be site-specific,

localised impacts and mitigated at project level, if applicable.


127

8.4. Fourth Variation to the Killarney TDP 2009-2015 Revision LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION


Revision 8 It is proposed to include the following in Section 3.10.2 3.10.2 Urban Renewal and Regeneration and Vacant Site Levy

These revisions seek to promote the re-use of key sites in Killarney town. Many of these areas are likely to have archaeological remains and/or have architectural significance. Also, the potential to significant effect local landscapes – streetscape/townscapes – if re-developments were inappropriate. The revisions are also likely to be of positive benefit as they promote the re-use of existing building stock and aim to rejuvenate a town centre.

The possible significant effects identified are likely to be mitigated at local level. Developments in key sites to be shaped by masterplans, village design statements, public realms etc as outlined in the MD plan. This will mitigate any possible impacts on streetscapes/townscapes. Ultimately the reuse of these sites is a positive impact aimed at rejuvenating town centres. In relation to possible impacts on archaeological, any development would require a pre-construction archaeological assessment. Ultimately any development will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

Revision 9 It is proposed to include a new section - Section 3.10.3 3.10.3 Residential Regeneration Areas

Revision 10 It is proposed to include the following text in section 4.21 Pedestrian linkages/walkways SI-15-b Provide amenity areas at appropriate locations. SI-15-c Facilitate the sustainable development of the Ross Rd to Muckross Rd pedestrian / cycle path and the Lough Leane Looped Walk where it can be demonstrated that the development will not have significant adverse effects on the environment, including the integrity of the Natura 2000 network SI-15-d Provision of proposed amenity area including an Angling Platform with access for all, in the vicinity of Flesk Bridge. This proposal will require project level Habitats Directive Assessment and will be required to be designed and located in a manner compatible with Natura 2000 conservation objectives.

Revision promotes the development of walking trails/ access points in the environs of Killarney/Fossa. No routes are provided but are likely to close to various sensitive environmental receptors including Natura 2000 sites and possible archaeological sites. Development of walkways also a potential positive impact on local community providing a local amenity. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality and health/wellbeing. Also opens up possible tourism related business opportunities.

Integrated into the wording of the objective which re-iterates no adverse effects on the environment or Natura 2000 sites. Any proposed walkway/trail will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

Revision 12 It is proposed to include the following new section. 5.16.3 Brownfield development: The Council encourages development that will regenerate the core of the town and contribute to a vibrant town that people will want to live in, work in and visit.

The revision seeks to promote the re-use of backland/infill sites in Killarney town. Many of these areas are likely to have archaeological remains and/or have architectural significance. Also, the potential to significant effect local landscapes – streetscape/townscapes – if re-developments were inappropriate. The revisions are also likely to be of positive benefit as they promote the re-use of existing building stock and aim to rejuvenate a town centre.

The possible significant effects identified are likely to be mitigated at local level. Developments in key sites to be shaped by masterplans, village design statements, public realms etc as outlined in the MD plan. This will mitigate any possible impacts on streetscapes/townscapes. Ultimately the reuse of these sites is a positive impact aimed at rejuvenating town centres. In relation to possible impacts on archaeological, any development would require a pre-construction archaeological assessment. Ultimately any

128

Revision LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION


development will be subject to proper planning and sustainable development in compliance with the MD plan, KTDP 2009-2015 and/or KCDP 2015-2021. Mitigation of possible significant effects therefore addressed in existing planning policies and objectives at strategic (DP) and project level (development management).

Revision 15 It is proposed to include the following new section; 5.18 Landmark Sites & Buildings

The revision seeks to promote the re-use of landmark sites and buildings. These revisions seek to promote the re-use of key sites in Killarney town. Many of these areas are likely to have archaeological remains and/or have architectural significance. Also, the potential to significant effect local landscapes – streetscape/townscapes – if re-developments were inappropriate. The revisions are also likely to be of positive benefit as they promote the re-use of existing building stock and aim to rejuvenate a town centre.


Revision 18 It is proposed to include the following in Section 8.1; Roads & Infrastructure Objectives Objective No: It is an objective of the Council to; INFRA-03-h Provide bus set-down area, bus shelter bicycle parking at strategic locations in the town centre area. INFRA-04-n Provide dedicated bicycle parking facilities at strategic locations in the town centre area. INFRA-04-o Provide cycle lanes throughout the town at appropriate locations. INFRA-06-k Facilitate the proposed traffic management measures, as per Killarney Urban Master Plan 2005 & Killarney town traffic model/ Traffic Management Study 2016. INFRA-06-l Provide proposed Taxi Rank locations around the town, as per Killarney Urban Master Plan 2005 & Killarney town traffic model/ Traffic Management Study 2016. INFRA-06-m Provide car parks on approach roads throughout the town. INFRA-06-n Provide Electronic Parking Guidance information systems at appropriate locations on the approach roads.

Revision promote developments within Killarney– possible impacts on natural heritage, built heritage, archaeology, landscape and depending on location water, biodiversity and soil. The revisions however of benefit to local community providing local amenities/parking facilities/transport and promoting cycling and walking route. Positive impacts on climatic factors and air quality.


Revision 26 The revision seeks to promote the re-use of backland/infill

129

Revision LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS MITIGATION


It is proposed to include a new section. Section 12.27.4 predominately on backland/infill sites

sites in Killarney town. Many of these areas are likely to have archaeological remains and/or have architectural significance. Also, the potential to significant effect local landscapes – streetscape/townscapes – if re-developments were inappropriate. The revisions are also likely to be of positive benefit as they promote the re-use of existing building stock and aim to rejuvenate a town centre.

130

9. MONITORING MEASURES

9.1. Introduction Under Article 10 and Section (i) of Schedule 2B of the SEA Regulations, monitoring is required in order to identify at an early stage any unforeseen adverse effects caused by the Plan. This allows remedial action to be taken. Monitoring prevents the actual impacts of the Plan to be measured against those that were predicted. It allows major problems to be identified and dealt with in a timely fashion, and environmental baseline information to be gathered for future Plan reviews. It also ensures that proposed mitigation measures are carried out and that no unforeseen impacts occur. The methodology used in the development of the monitoring programme for the Killarney MD Plan /4th variation is based on the use of indicators and targets, the assignment of responsibilities and the setting of appropriate time lines. It also includes intervention in the event of an unforeseen occurrence. Monitoring is carried out by reporting on the set of indicators and targets drawn up for the various environmental aspects and used to describe future trends in the baseline, which enable positive and negative impacts on the environment to be measured. The indicators that are used show changes that would be attributable to implementation of the Plan. In particular, indicators can also in certain circumstances act as an early warning system should unforeseen impacts occur or conditions deteriorate further or faster than anticipated. Monitoring will focus on aspects of the environment that are likely to be significantly impacted by the Plan. Indicators and targets have been identified for the main environmental issues in the study area as outlined in Chapter 5. The indicators chosen are at a level, which is relevant to the Plan, and are collated and reported on by a variety of Government Agencies, such as EPA, OPW, NPWS and different sections within Kerry County Council. Much of the indicator information required is already being actively collected and reported at a level sufficient to meet the needs of this Plan. The frequency of monitoring is set by relevant legislation.

131

Table 9-1 List of environmental SEA objectives, targets, indicators and associated monitoring for the Killarney MD LAP


Population P1: Guide the future development of the MD area in a sustainable manner that reflects the existing character and amenities of the area and improves the quality of life for the existing and future populations.












Yes – information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; MD office/r, KCC; Capital Infrastructure Unit (CIU), KCC; Irish Water and CSO data.




• Compliance with existing legislation/regulations/conditions for relevant licences, permits etc for discharges noise, odour and/or air quality

• Health Impact Assessments/relevant

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; MD office/r, KCC; Capital Infrastructure Unit (CIU), KCC; Irish Water and CSO data.

132


sections of EIA submitted with planning applications

Also, Enforcement & Environment Sections KCC/EPA










Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; Environmental Assessment Unit (EAU); MD office/r; Irish Water. Also, Enforcement & Environment Sections KCC/EPA IFI and NPWS data also available.








Yes - information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC. GSI data also available.

133








Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; Environmental Assessment Unit (EAU) and Irish Water. Also, Enforcement & Environment Sections KCC/EPA Also, data available from WFD/LAWCO/EPA IFI and NPWS data also available.









• Air quality/emissions/odour reports/relevant sections of EIA submitted with planning

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC. Also, Enforcement & Environment Sections KCC/EPA

134


applications












• Impacts on natural carbon sink (eg peat soil)


Yes- as above






• Provision of public facilities

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; MD office/r; Broadband Officer, KCC; Operational Section, KCC, KCC NRDO; Irish Water and CSO.

135


over lifetime of the plan – amenity, recreational/green infrastructure









• Archaeological Impact Assessments, and/or archaeological investigations undertaken




Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; EDU (Economic Development Unit) KCC; Environmental Assessment Unit (EAU); MD office/r; Conservation Officer and County Archaeologist, KCC. Also, Tourism Office, Arts Office, KCC and date from Failte Ireland/OPW/NPWS/KCC and Failte Ireland WAW monitoring data.

Landscape L1 Protect the landscape of the MD LAP area

That landscapes identified in the MD area, including local urban townscapes and streetscapes, are protected and enhanced by good design principles.



• Visual Impact Assessments/relevant

Yes- information available from variety of sources including Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC; Conservation Officer, KCC.

136


sections of EIA submitted with planning applications







Yes- information available from Forward Planning Unit & Development Management Unit, KCC. Also, CFRAM data and OPW.

137

10. NEXT STAGE

10.1. ER Consultation Signed submissions, observations or comments should be forwarded to the Planning Department of Kerry County Council at the address given below and should be marked “Submission on SEA ER Report for the Killarney MD LAP 2018-2024/Fourth Variation to the Killarney TDP 2009-2015”.

Senior Planner, Planning Policy Unit, Planning Department, Kerry County Council, County Buildings, Rathass, Tralee.

Submissions will also be accepted by email to the following email address only: [email protected]

Submissions may be made during the period from Thursday 3rd May 2018 until Friday 15th June 2018.

Consultation forms an integral part of the SEA methodology. Further statutory and non-statutory consultation will be undertaken as the SEA progresses from this ER stage to the final preparation of the SEA Statement. Consultation will inform the Killarney MD LAP/4th variation as appropriate.

138

11. APPENDIX 1 RELEVANT INTERNATIONAL/NATIONAL P/PS

International P/P National P/P

SEA Directive (2001/42/EC), EIA Directive (85/337/EC as amended), EU Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), EU Birds Directive (2009/147/EC- codified version of 79/409/EEC), EU Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) and associated directives which have been subsumed as follows: Drinking Water Abstraction Directive; Sampling Drinking Water Directive; Exchange of Information on Quality of Surface Freshwater Directive; Shellfish Directive; Freshwater Fish Directive; Groundwater (Dangerous Substances) Directive; and Dangerous Substances Directive. EU Drinking Water Directive (98/83/EC); EU Bathing Water Directive(revised) 2006 [2006/7/EC]; Groundwater Directive (2006/118/EC), EU Sewage Sludge Directive (86/278/EEC); EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC); EU Nitrates Directive (91/676/EC); EU Integrated Pollution Prevention Control Directive (2008/1/EC); EU Plant Protection (Products) Directive 2009/127/EC; EU Floods Directive (2007/60/EC) EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC) EU Renewables Directive (2009/28/EC); EU Biofuels Directive (2003/30/EC); Indirect Land Use Change Directive (2012/0288(COD)); Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Directive 2014/94/EU; EU Energy Efficiency Directive (2012/27/EU). EU Seveso Directive 2012/18/EU; EU Soils Directive; and EU Air Framework Directive 2008/50/EC.

Project Ireland 2040 – National Planning Framework (Feb 2018) (NFP)

National Development Plan 2018-2027 Regional Planning Guidelines for the South-West 2010-2022

Regional Spatial and Economic Strategy for the Southern Region (in prep)

Rebuilding Ireland – Action Plan for Housing and Homelessness, 2016 National Policy Position on climate action and low carbon development, 2014

National Mitigation Plan, July 2017 National Adaptation Framework, 2018 Local Authority Adaptation Strategy, Development Guidelines, 2016 National Climate Change Adaptation Framework 2012;

National Clean Air Strategy [in prep] Irish Water Investment Programme up to 2021 and beyond Water Services Strategic Plan 2015;

National Water Resources Plan [in prep];

Lead Mitigation Plan 2016;

National Wastewater Sludge Management Plan 2016;

Regional Waste Management Plans 2015;

Sustainable Development: A Strategy for Ireland (1997) (DEHLG); Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines;

The National Biodiversity Plan 2017-2021;

National Peatlands Strategy 2011;

National Bioenergy Plan [in prep];

NPWS Conservation Plans and/or Conservation Objectives for SAC and SPAs;

National Heritage Plan (2002);

Government Policy on Architecture 2009-2015

National Landscape Strategy for Ireland 2015 – 2025.

Renewable Electricity Plan [in prep];

Marine Strategy Framework Programme of Measures 2016

Maritime Spatial Plans (in prep and due in 2021) Seafood Operation Programme 2014;

Aquaculture Plan 2015;

Wind Energy Guidelines;

Rural Development Programme (RDP) 2014-2020;

Forestry Programme 2014-2020;

Foodwise 2025;

139

International P/P National P/P

Green Low-Carbon Agri-Environment Scheme (GLAS);

Organic Farming Scheme;

Teagasc Better Farm Program;

National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP);

Strategy for Renewable Energy 2012-2020;

Offshore Renewable Energy Development Plan;

Smarter Travel ‘A New Transport Policy for

Ireland’ 2009-2020;

National Cycle Policy Framework 2009-2020,

Investing in our transport future – A Strategic Framework for Investment in Land Transport.

140

12. APPENDIX 2 OBJECTIVE LEVEL SCREENING FOR SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS

The following tables present the screening for significant effects of all objectives listed in the Killarney MD LAP/Fourth Variation to the Killarney Town Development Plan 2009-2015. Objectives that are deemed likely to have a significant effect are highlighted in red text and discussed in more detail in Section 7 and 8 of this report.

141

12.1. Sections 2 and 3 Objective Likely to






Section 2

Overall Development Objectives

OS-01 Provide an improved quality of life for all citizens of the plan area by promoting the area’s economic potential, protect its natural and built environment and safeguard its cultural heritage.


OS-02 Prioritise the regeneration and renewal of the Municipal District’s towns, villages and rural nodes in order to support vibrant and strengthened communities and drivers of economic growth. In line with this the renewal of underutilised buildings will be emphasised, while all new future residential and retail development shall be located in the town/village where lands have been identified for their use.


OS-03 Encourage the sustainable expansion in the range and number of commercial services within the towns/villages which in turn will provide local employment and improve the quality of life of the local community.


OS-04 Ensure that all development shall have regard to the scale and setting of the existing towns in their respective attractive rural landscape.

P1 HH1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 F1

OS-05 Ensure that new development, including business, local convenience retail and community facilities should be accommodated within the core of settlements and should make adequate provision for off street parking.


B1 S1 W1 F1

OS-06 Encourage the sustainable development of adequate sporting, recreational and playground facilities. These should be provided for at appropriate locations within the towns/villages to cater for the recreational needs of locals and visitors.


B1 S1 W1 F1

OS-07 Provide for the development of the area in a manner which is environmentally sustainable and protects its social, cultural, environmental and economic assets for future generations.


F1 P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

OS-08 Ensure that the biodiversity interests of designated nature conservation sites in the area are safeguarded.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 L1

F1 M1 P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 L1

OS-09 Support and encourage the use of green technologies such as water harvesting and solar heating.

P1 HH1 B1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 M1 L1

F1 S1 P1 HH1 B1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 M1 L1

OS-10 Facilitate the development of local employment opportunities in locations compatible P1 HH1 S1 W1 AQ1 P1 HH1 S1

142

Objective Likely to Improve Status of EPOs





Section 2

with surrounding uses. C1 M1 L1 CH1 F1 B1

C1 M1 L1

OS-11 Facilitate improvements to the town and village centres, with an enhanced streetscape, appropriate shopfront design and provision for improved street lighting, public footpaths and street furniture.

P1 HH1 S1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

W1 AQ1 F1 B1


OS-12 Ensure that all development within the town/village core shall be designed to a high standard and reinforce the character of the existing streetscape. Where appropriate development should be in the form of terraced development/courtyard schemes.


W1 AQ1 B1 F1


OS-13 Ensure that all residential developments meet the diverse housing needs of the existing and future population in order to sustain vibrant, socially balanced communities–places people will want to live now and into the future.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 F1

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1



P1 HH1

OS-15 Implement the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government publication, guidelines for Planning Authorities on “Sustainable Residential Development in Urban Areas”.

P1 HH1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

B1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

2.3.3 Tourism Strategy and Action Plan

T-01 Facilitate where appropriate the development of the projects listed in the ‘Tourism Strategy and Action Plan’

The Strategy as adopted was screened for SEA and AA at the time. A SEA was screened out and no significant effects on European Sites were considered likely.

2.4 Water Infrastructure

KY-W-01 Work closely with Irish Water to identify and facilitate the timely delivery of the water and waste water required to realise the development objectives of this plan.

P1 HH1 W1 B1 M1 CH1 L1 F1 AQ1 C1 S1

2.4 Roads Infrastructure

KL-RI-10

Support the development of the Killarney By-pass.

P1 M1 HH1 B1 S1

W1 AQ1 C1

CH1 L1 F1

KL-RI-11 Support the development of the Macroom By-pass as a strategic link corridor This route has already been given consent

143

Objective Likely to Improve Status of EPOs





Section 2

between Co. Kerry and Co. Cork.

2.5 Natural Environment Objectives

KY-NC-01

ensure that there is no significant decline in the extent of potential foraging habitat or significant loss of linear features / commuting routes associated with Lesser Horseshoe Bat Roosts named in the Conservation Objective Report for the Killarney National Park, MacGillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC (Oct 2017)

B1 AQ1 C1

P1 M1 CH1

HH1 S1 W1 L1 F1

KY-NC-02

Ensure that there is no significant increase in artificial light intensity adjacent to roosts named in the Conservation Objective Report for the Killarney National Park, MacGillycuddy Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC (Oct 2017) or along commuting routes within 2.5km of those roosts

B1 AQ1 C1

P1 M1 CH1

HH1 S1 W1 L1 F1

2.5 Arts Objective

KY-A-01 Work in partnership with the education sector, communities and other agencies to develop creativity and cultural hubs in key locations in Killarney M.D area, where possible

P1 HH1 CH1 B1S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 FI L1

2.6 Amenity Leisure

KY-AL-01

Facilitate the development of the Lough Leane Looped Walk, Fossa way to Gap of Dunloe Greenway, while ensuring no significant adverse effects on the environment including the integrity of the Natura 2000 sites.


P1 M1

KY-AL-02

Facilitate the sustainable development of the old Castleisland -Gortatlea-Fieries railway line as a recreational greenway.


P1 M1

2.7 Renewal and Regeneration Areas

RR-01 Encourage the development and renewal of areas, identified in Municipal District Local Area Plan, having regard to the Core Strategy, that are in need of regeneration, in order to prevent-

i. Adverse effects on existing amenities in such areas, in particular as a result of the ruinous or neglected condition of any land

ii. Urban blight and decay iii. Anti-social behaviour or iv. A shortage of habitable houses or of land suitable for residential

use or a mixture of residential and other uses

P1 HH1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 F1

RR-02 Facilitate and/or require the preparation of masterplans where appropriate prior to the redevelopment of opportunity sites identified in the plan.

P1 M1 CH1 L1

HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 F1

144

2.7 Brownfield Sites

BD-01 Promote the development and employment potential of brownfield sites and their potential to contribute to a more sustainable pattern of development.


B1 W1 CH1 F1

BD-02 Require at least 30% of new housing development to be delivered within the existing built up areas on infill and or brownfield sites in Killarney and Castleisland.


B1 W1 CH1 F1

2.8 Zoning

ZON-01 Ensure that all development permitted shall comply with the relevant zoning classification of the site as set out in this Local Area Plan.


Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1 Overall Residential Development

KY-RES-01

Facilitate the development of residential units within each settlement boundary in accordance with the Core Strategy.

P1 HH1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1

B1 CH1 L1 F1

KY-RES-02

Monitor and review the number of permitted and constructed residential development within the settlements.

P1 HH1 B1

S1 W1 AQ1

C1 M1 CH1

L1 F1

KY-RES-03

Prohibit development on lands zoned as strategic residential reserve (R4) until 80% of all other residential zoned lands have been developed to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1 B1

W1 CH1 L1 M1 F1

KY-RES-04

Ensure that new development schemes shall contribute towards the consolidation of the settlement and development of a sense of place. The scale of new residential developments shall be in proportion to the pattern and grain of existing traditional settlements. Development should make effective use of infill, brownfield and backland sites while preventing unnecessary ribbon development.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 L1

CH1 F1

KY-RES-05

Require all new residential development schemes (over 5 units) to provide for a mix of house types in order to meet and adapt to the changing demographic trends and household profiles in the County.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 C1 AQ1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

KY-RES-06

In recognition of Kerry’s ageing population, encourage and promote age friendly residential schemes in towns and villages of the Municipal District Area.

P1 HH1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

B1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

145

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1 Overall Residential Development

KY-RES-07

Ensure that residential densities reflect the density of appropriate adjoining developments. Higher densities will be considered in the town/village centre or within close proximity to the town/village centre. Lower densities will be considered at the edge of the settlement as per the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government publication, guidelines for Planning Authorities on “Sustainable Residential Development in Urban Areas”


Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1 Built Environment Objectives

KY-BE-01

Support initiatives to strengthen and improve the physical environment of the towns and villages of the Killarney Municipal District area with enhanced streetscapes, appropriate shopfront design and provision for improved street lighting, public footpaths and street furniture.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

KY-BE-02

Require a Design Statement for commercial developments and for all residential developments in excess of four dwellings.

P1 HH1 B1 M1 CH1 L1

S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

KY-BE-03

Preserve the towns and villages’ architectural heritage and promote conservation-led regeneration and re-use of buildings, where possible.


W1 AQ1 B1

F1

KY-BE-04

Promote a more pedestrian friendly environment through the provision of traffic calming measures and improved pedestrian infrastructure. Developments in urban areas shall have regard to the ‘Design Manual for Urban Roads and Streets’ (March 2013) – Department of Transport, Tourism and Sport and the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government.

P1 HH1 AQ1 C1 M1 L1

B1 S1 W1 CH1 F1

Section 3.1 Natural Environment Objectives

KY-NE-01

Protect and where appropriate enhance the provision of biodiversity features in the settlements of the Killarney Municipal District area.

HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 L1 F1

P1 M1 CH1

KY-NE-02

Ensure that development proposals which would be sensitive to the effects of flooding, or which would be located in flood prone or marginal areas are

P1 HH1 B1 W1 C1 M1

AQ1 CH1 L1

146

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1 Built Environment Objectives

accompanied with Flood Impact Assessments, detailed justification tests and detailed mitigation measures within the context of the DEHLG guidelines on Flood Risk Management. Development which in the opinion of the Council would have an unacceptable risk of flooding or which would result in an unacceptable risk of flooding elsewhere will not be permitted.

F1

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs

– unlikely

to be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1.2 Killarney/Castleisland Overall Objectives

KC-01 Ensure that Killarney, as a designated Hub Town in the NSS, is a driver of county and regional prosperity by harnessing its strategic location and its proximity to the Atlantic Corridor; its strong urban structure, existing tourism, retail, service and accommodation base; and other competitive advantages.

P1 HH1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 F1

KC-02 Promote Castleisland as the regional town in the Killarney Municipal District. Facilitate Castleisland to achieve its population target. The provision of an appropriate and sustainable range of social and physical infrastructure, facilities and services, including retail, commercial and enterprise development to serve the inhabitants of the town and its rural hinterlands is a priority.

P1 HH1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 F1

KC-03 Promote vibrant, culturally-rich and revitalised town centres with enhanced social inclusion, sustainable neighbourhoods and a high level of environmental quality to ensure an excellent quality of life for all.


KC-04 Monitor the scale, rate and location of newly permitted developments and apply appropriate development management measures in order to ensure compliance with the Settlement Hierarchy and Strategy, including the population targets for the county.


147

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1.3 District Towns Overall Objectives

DT-01 Provide for the development of the district towns in a manner which is environmentally sustainable and protects their social, cultural, environmental and economic assets for future generations.

P1 HH1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

DT-02 Ensure that all development shall be of high quality design and have regard to the scale, character and natural setting of the existing towns.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 F1

DT-03 To support initiatives to strengthen and improve the physical environment of the towns with an enhanced streetscape, appropriate shopfront design and provision for improved street lighting, public footpaths and street furniture.


W1 AQ1 F1 B1

DT-04 Encourage the sustainable expansion in the range and number of commercial, retail and community services/facilities within the district towns in tandem with population growth which in turn will provide local employment and improve the quality of life of the local community.


CH1 L1 F1

DT-05 To support collaboration across the public, private and community and voluntary sectors in order to progress the regeneration and renewal of these settlements.

P1 HH1 C1 M1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 CH1 F1

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs

– unlikely

to be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1.4 Village Overall Objectives

V-01

Ensure that all new development shall maintain the integrity of the surrounding rural landscape and rural character of the settlement by contributing towards a compact settlement structure through making effective use of backland and infill sites and preventing unnecessary ribbon development.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1, CH1 L1 F1

V-02

Facilitate the provision of social, community and retail facilities necessary to support the local population and create a viable community.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 L1 F1

V- Preserve the villages’ architectural heritage and promote conservation-led P1 HH1 M1 B1 S1 W1

148

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs

– unlikely

to be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1.4 Village Overall Objectives

03 regeneration and re-use of buildings, where possible.

CH1 L1 AQ1 C1

V-04

Facilitate improvements to the village centre, with an enhanced streetscape, appropriate shopfront design and provision for improved street lighting, public footpaths and street furniture.


W1 AQ1 F1 B1

V-05

Protect and where appropriate enhance the provision of biodiversity features in the villages.

P1 AQ1 C1 M1 B1 W1 HH1

S1 CH1 L1 F1

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs

– unlikely

to be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Section 3.1.5 Development Nodes Overall Objectives

VN-01 Ensure that development within these nodes shall be designed to a high standard and reinforce the character of the existing settlement.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 F1

VN-02 Promote the development of residential units on vacant, derelict and infill sites. S1 C1 L1 P1 HH1 B1 W1 AQ1 M1 CH1 F1

VN-03 Promote the development of lands closest to the development node centre in the first instance and the development of good pedestrian and amenity links.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1 L1

B1 W1 M1 CH1 F1

VN-04 Ensure that roadside development within the development node should be sited and designed to ensure that the development potential of backland sites is not compromised and that suitable vehicular and pedestrian access to these lands is retained.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1

B1 W1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

149

12.2. Section 3.2 Killarney Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs

– unlikely

to be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Residential Development

KL-R-01

Facilitate the development of 685 residential units within the settlement boundary.

P1 S1 AQ1 C1

HH1 B1 W1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

KL-R-02

Monitor the scale, rate and location of newly permitted developments and apply appropriate development management measures in order to ensure compliance with the Settlement Hierarchy and Strategy, including the population targets for the county. Promote the development of residential units on vacant, derelict and infill sites. Ensure that at least 30% of all new residential development takes place on brownfield and or infill sites.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1

B1 W1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

KL-R-03 Ensure that future residential development is only permitted on appropriately zoned land in accordance with the core strategy to ensure a sustainable compact urban form.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1

B1 W1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

KL-R-04 Prohibit development on lands zoned as strategic residential reserve (R4) until 80% of all other residential zoned lands have been developed to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1 B1

W1 CH1 L1 M1 F1

KL-R-05 Ensure that residential densities reflect the density of appropriate adjoining developments. Higher densities will be considered in the town centre or within close proximity to the town centre.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1

B1 W1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

KL-R-06 Require all new residential development schemes (over 5 units) to provide for a mix of house types in order to meet and adapt to the changing demographic trends and household profiles in the County.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 Q1 AQ1 C1 M1 CHI L1 F1

KL-R-07 Encourage and facilitate adequate levels of Social Housing and Assisted Living Schemes at appropriate locations.


Opportunity Sites/Regeneration

KL-OR-01

Require the preparation of masterplans prior to the redevelopment of all opportunity sites identified in the plan.

P1 M1 CH1 L1

HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

150

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs

– unlikely

to be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs


F1

KL-OR-02

Require that 30% of the overall development of St Finian’s lands be set aside for social/community use.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 F1

Arts, Heritage & Culture

KL-AHC-01

Support architectural surveys of the town. P1 HH1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 FI

KL-AHC-02

Continue to roll out Kerry County Council Heritage related projects such as Centenary Commemorations and the follow on programme Creative Ireland programme; Town Centre Health Checks, Public Realm Plans etc.

P1 HH1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 FI

KL-AHC-03

Facilitate the development of a Cultural Centre in Killarney. P1 HH1 CH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 FI L1

Roads & Infrastructure Objectives

KL-RI-01

Facilitate and implement where possible the proposed traffic management measures, as per Killarney Urban Master Plan 2005 & Killarney Traffic Management Plan 2016.


KL-RI-02

Provide bus set-down areas, bus shelters and bicycle parking at strategic locations in the town centre area.


KL-RI-03 Provide car parks at suitable locations on approach roads throughout the town.




KL-RI-05

Improve the water supply and water quality.

P1 M1 HH1 B1

S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 L1 F1

KL-RI-06 Provide amenity areas at appropriate locations.


KL-RI-07

Facilitate the development of the Ross Rd to Muckross Rd trail, Lough Leane Looped Walk, Fossa way to Gap of Dunloe Greenway, while ensuring no significant adverse

P1 M1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

151

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs

– unlikely

to be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs


effects on the environment including the integrity of the Natura 2000 sites. CH1 L1 F1

KL-RI-08

Provision of proposed amenity area including an Angling Platform with access for all, in the vicinity of Flesk Bridge. This proposal will require project level Habitats Directive Assessment and will be required to be designed and located in a manner compatible with Natura 2000 conservation objectives.


12.3. Section 3.3 Castleisland Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

Employment and Economic Activity

CD-EEA-01

Zone sufficient land at appropriate locations in the town for employment uses to facilitate the location of new enterprises and businesses in the town.

P1, HH1 S1

M1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

CD-EEA-02

Facilitate future employment provision within the town and stimulate activity to support the development of Castleisland as a thriving and economically sustainable town.

P1, HH1 S1

M1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

CD-EEA-03

Facilitate the development of local enterprise units so that local and indigenous industries have the opportunity to develop.

P1, HH1 S1

M1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

CD-EEA-04

Facilitate the repair and upgrading of the Ivy Leaf centre. P1 S1 C1

M1

CH1 L1 B1 HH1 W1

AQ1 L1

F1

CD-EEA-05

Encourage the redevelopment and reuse of the Carnegie building. P1 S1 C1

M1

CH1 L1 B1 HH1 W1

AQ1 L1

F1

CD- Facilitate the development of a farmer’s market at an appropriate location. P1, HH1 S1 B1 W1 P1, HH1 S1

152

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

EEA-06 M1 AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

M1

Town Centre

CD-TC-01

Promote the development of the town centre as an attractive location for shopping, business, tourism and community life.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 F1 W1

CD-TC-02

Facilitate a mix of compatible uses that will contribute to an enhanced provision of a range of town centre uses and which will consolidate the retail core around Main Street as the primary activity and business centre for the town.


B1 F1 W1

CD-TC-03

Promote the development of the town centre as the primary location for retail and other commercial development in the town and its hinterland.


B1 F1 W1

CD-TC-04

Encourage the use of upper floors in the town centre for commercial or residential use.


B1 F1

CD-TC-05

Facilitate improvement works to Main Street to enhance the public realm. P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 F1 W1

CD-TC-06

Expand the town centre into Main Street backlands adjacent to the Mart Site and ensure a high level of pedestrian connectivity between the two areas.

P1 HH1 S1 C1 M1 L1

F1 CH1

B1 W1 AQ1 CH1

CD-TC-07

Facilitate the development of a Laneway Revitalisation Programme. P1 HH1 S1 C1 M1 L1

F1 CH1

B1 W1 AQ1 CH1

CD-TC-08

Ensure that traditional shopfronts and signage are retained and that new developments are of a high quality architectural design and finish.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

CD-TC-09

Facilitate the preparation of a Town Centre Renewal Plan to address the issues pertaining to the development of the town centre. This Plan will address the physical enhancement and improvement of the town centre through urban design measures and improved traffic management in the town.

P1 M1 CH1 L1


Retail Development

CD-RET-01

Ensure that the town centre continues to be the focal point and core retail area of the town.

P1 M1 CH1 L1 B1 S1 HH1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

CD-RET-02

Maintain the vitality and viability of the retail core area. P1 M1 CH1 L1 B1 S1 HH1 W1

F1

153

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

AQ1 C1

Tourism

CD-T-01

Promote Castleisland as a town with a unique character and identity and facilitate quality developments that will help improve the tourism potential of the town.

P1 HH1 S1

M1 L1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 F1

CD-T-02

Facilitate the development of high quality hotel/visitor accommodation within the town at appropriate locations.

P1 HH1 S1

M1 L1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 F1

CD-T-03

Facilitate the provision of sporting, cultural and amenity facilities in the town as a means of boosting the tourism potential of the town.

P1 HH1 S1

M1 L1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 F1

CD-T-04

Create an urban space/performance area fronting onto the Chapel Lane and adjacent to the Ivy Leaf.

P1 S1 C1

M1

CH1 L1 B1 HH1 W1

AQ1 L1

F1

CD-T-05

Work with Fáilte Ireland, for the further enhancement and promotion of the Wild Atlantic Way touring route and connected loops off the main spine.

P1 M1 CH1 B1 W1

AQ1 C1

F1 L1 S1

HH1

CD-T-06

Promote the sustainable development of camper van parking and facilities in the town.

M1 P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 L1 F1

CD-T-07

Undertake a feasibility study for the reconstruction of the Castle in part or a replica of the original.

P1 M1 CH1 B1 W1

AQ1 C1

F1 L1 S1

HH1

CD-T-08

Promote the expansion of the Kerry Drama Festival. P1 HH1 CH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 FI L1

CD-T-9 Facilitate the provisions as contained in the Kerry Tourism Strategy 2016-2020 The Strategy as adopted was screened for SEA and AA at the time. A SEA

was screened out and no significant effects on European Sites were

considered likely.


CD-TM-01

Reserve new access points to facilitate orderly in-depth development as indicated on the Zoning Map.

P1 M1 L1 HH1 B1 S1 W1

154

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

AQ1 C1 CH1 F1

CD-TM-02

Seek the provision/improvement of footpaths throughout the town and in particular on the Main Street.

P1 M1 L1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 F1

CD-TM-03

Support the development of an inner relief road and a link road for Castleisland as indicated on the zoning Map subject to normal planning and environmental considerations.


P1 M1

CD-TM-04

Promote a more pedestrian friendly environment through the provision of traffic calming measures and improved pedestrian infrastructure.

P1 HH1 AQ1 C1 M1 L1

B1 S1 W1 CH1 F1

CD-TM-05

Promote the development of Cycleways and Greenways in and around Castleisland where appropriate.

P1 HH1 AQ1 C1 M1

B1 S1 W1 CH1 L1

F1


CD-RES-01

Facilitate the development of 91 residential units within the settlement boundary.

CD-RES-02

Facilitate the development of residential units on vacant, derelict and infill sites.

CD-RES-03

Prohibit development on lands zoned as strategic residential reserve (R4) until 80% of all other residential zoned lands have been developed to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

P1 HH1 S1 AQ1 C1 B1

W1 CH1 L1 M1 F1

CD-RES-04 Ensure that future residential development is only permitted on appropriately zoned land to ensure a sustainable and compact urban form.

CD-RES-05 Require all new residential development schemes (over 5 units) to provide for a mix of house types in order to meet and adapt to the changing demographic trends and household profiles in the County.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 C1 AQ1 M1 CH1 L1 F1

CD-RES-06 Ensure that all developments are in compliance with the DoEHLG guidelines on Sustainable Residential Development in Urban Areas 2009. Ensure that residential densities reflect the density of appropriate adjoining developments. Higher densities will be considered in the town centre or within close proximity to the town centre.

P1 HH1 B1

S1 W1 AQ1

C1 M1 CH1

L1 F1

CD-RES-07 Ensure that at least 30% of all new residential development takes place on P1 HH1 S1 B1 W1

155

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

brownfield and or infill sites. AQ1 C1 M1 L1

CH1 F1

Social Infrastructure and Amenity

CD-SIA-01

Seek the provision of recreational, social and cultural facilities required to meet the needs of the town and safeguard existing recreational, social and cultural facilities in the town for public benefit.


F1

CD-SIA-02

Seek the sustainable extension of the existing Town Park to the south of the river. P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

L1

CD-SIA-03

Sustainably develop the River Maine walkway as a valuable amenity in the town by helping to improve signage, seating, information points and lighting along the walk.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

L1

CD-SIA-04

Ensure the River Maine walkway is completed to create a linear pedestrian route and cycleway along the river supplemented by open space where conditions allow.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

CD-SIA-05

Facilitate the sustainable extension of the River Maine walkway along the old Castleisland to Gortatlea railway line as a recreational greenway.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

Urban Form

CD-UF-01

Ensure that future development in the town takes place on infill, brownfield and greenfield sites contiguous with the built-up area and consolidates the compact urban form of the town making it an attractive and sustainable settlement.


B1 F1

CD-UF-02

Promote attractive approaches into the town. P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

CD-UF-03

Promote new streetscape developments at appropriate locations in the town. P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

CD-UF-04

Improve the appearance, overall condition and encourage return to use of derelict and vacant buildings.

P1 S1 C1

M1

CH1 L1 B1 HH1 W1

AQ1 L1

F1

CD-UF-05

Support an architectural survey of the town. P1 HH1 CH1 L1

B1S1 W1 AQ1 C1 M1 FI

Urban Design

CD-UD-01

Ensure that the design of premises or the refurbishment of existing premises in the town is sympathetic to existing development in the vicinity and is of a design composition that enhances the streetscape.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

CD-UD-02

Encourage the preservation and refurbishment of existing traditional shopfronts and name plates in appropriate materials.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

CD-UD-03

Protect important views to and from landmark buildings, historic buildings and associated prospects to ensure the character of these places is adequately

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

156

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

protected.

Architectural Conservation Areas

RE-ACA-01

Prepare an ACA Management Plan to protect the character of the designated Architectural Conservation Areas that are of special importance to the architectural, historical, cultural or social character of the town.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

RE-ACA-02

Encourage local initiatives which promote the preservation of the special character of Architectural Conservation Areas.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

RE-ACA-03

Liaise with key stakeholders to identify measures to implement improvements relating to the special character of ACAs.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

Town renewal

CD-TR-01 Facilitate the preparation of an Action Plan for Town Centre Renewal. Promote the

development of the opportunity sites and regeneration areas.

P1 M1 CH1 L1


12.4. Section 3.4 Barraduff Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

BF-GO-01

Encourage the expansion of the commercial core of the village and the provision and enhancement of a streetscape frontage.

P1 HH1 L1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1

B1 W1 F1

BF-GO-02

Seek the completion of unfinished developments/estates prior to the granting of further new build.


B1 W1 F1

Open Space Objectives

BF-O-01

Promote the sustainable development of a village park and playground at an appropriate location.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

L1

BF-O-02

Promote the sustainable development of a riverside walkway at an appropriate location adjoining the proposed village park.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

157

12.5. Section 3.5 Farranfore Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

FE-GO-01

Promote and support the sustainable expansion and growth of Kerry International Airport (Objective RD-36 KCDP) by ensuring compatibility between airport uses and other land uses. The onus shall be on developers (in consultation with Kerry Airport) to ensure that any proposed development within the development boundary of Farranfore does not penetrate the Obstacle Limitations Surfaces as defined in Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation.

M1 P1 HH1 W1

B1 AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

FE-GO-02

Ensure that any development between the 57 La.eq and 60 La.eq noise contours, as shown on zoning map, shall make specific provision for sound attenuation to ensure ambient internal noise levels shall be to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

M1 P1 HH1 W1

B1 AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

FE-GO-03

Have regard to the recommendations of the Irish Aviation Authority and control inappropriate development in the vicinity of the Airport which may have technical or other implications for safety or the normal operation of the airport.

M1 P1 HH1 CH1 L1

F1 W1 B1

AQ1 C1

FE-GO-04

Ensure that future development should support the existing role and function of the village as a transport hub and rural service centre.

M1 P1 HH1 CH1 L1

F1 W1 B1

AQ1 C1

Industry Objectives

FE-I-01 Promote and facilitate the sustainable development of a Light Industrial/Warehousing/Distribution Park.

M1 S1 HH1

B1W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

FE-I-02 Promote and facilitate the sustainable expansion of the existing business park. M1 S1 HH1

B1W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

FE-I-03 Promote and facilitate the extension of the existing industry and or for other appropriate industrial related uses.

M1 S1 HH1

B1W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

Business Objective

FE-B-01 Promote the sustainable development of a hotel or other tourism related uses. M1 HH1

158

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

B1W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1 S1


FE-O-01

Facilitate the sustainable creation of a park associated with the old Farranfore to Castlemaine rail line and renovation of the water tower.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

Transport Objectives

FE-T-01 Improve the appearance of the N22 approaches both to the north and south. P1 L1 HH1 B1

S1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 F1

FE-T-02 Provide dedicated off road bus stops for the village and/or integration of bus and rail in the railway station grounds as a transport hub.

M1 P1 HH1 CH1 L1

F1 W1 B1

AQ1 C1

FE-T-03 Provide a footpath along the R561 from the N22 junction to the settlement boundary. P1 AQ1 C1

L1

HH1 B1

S1 W1

CH1 F1

12.6. Section 3.6 Fieries Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

FS-GO-01

Encourage the expansion of the commercial core of the village and the provision and enhancement of a streetscape frontage.


B1 W1 F1

FS-GO-02

Encourage the completion of unfinished developments as a priority. P1 HH1 L1 S1 AQ1 C1 M1

B1 W1 F1

159

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

CH1


FS-O-02

Promote the development of a recreational walking trail focusing on the village stream and along the disused railway line, interconnecting with existing and proposed residential developments in a manner compatible with the natural and built environment.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

P1 HH1

AQ1 C1

M1

12.7. Section 3.7 Kilcummin Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

KN-GO-

01

Promote Kilcummin as a service centre with adequate amenities for its rural

hinterland while maintaining its rural character.


B1 W1 F1

KN-GO-

02

Encourage and support the development of a village core around the Kilcummin’s

main crossroads. Development proposals on the M1 zoned sites shall incorporate

mixed-use streetscape frontage and shall contribute towards the development of a

focal point for the village. Design statements shall accompany any proposal for these

lands.


B1 W1 F1

KN-GO-

03

Ensure additional residential development is conditional on the provision of adequate

wastewater treatment facilities in the settlement.

P1 HH1 B1

W1 M1

S1 AQ1

C1 CH1

L1 F1

KN-GO-

04

Facilitate the provision of footpaths in the village linking the existing and proposed

development lands

P1 AQ1 C1

L1

HH1 B1

S1 W1

CH1 F1

KN-GO- Support and Facilitate the provision of adequate wastewater infrastructure P1 HH1 B1

W1 M1

S1 AQ1

C1 CH1

160

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

05 L1 F1

KC-GO-

06

Facilitate the preparation of a masterplan for the entire settlement focusing on;

• Housing mix

• Sense of place/village core

• Streetscape

• Appropriate design and density

• Pedestrian linkages with the existing village

P1 M1 CH1 L1


Open Space

KN-O-

01

Promote the sustainable development of a riverside walkway/amenity area adjoining the village park

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

P1 HH1

AQ1 C1

M1

12.8. Section 3.8 Rathmore Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

RE-GO-01

Promote the physical integration of Rathmore by facilitating measures to provide pedestrian and visual linkages between the two sub settlements.

P1 AQ1 C1

L1

HH1 B1

S1 W1

CH1 F1

RE-GO-02

Improve the urban definition of the boundaries of the settlement and to promote the development of attractive approach routes into the town.

P1 AQ1 C1

L1

HH1 B1

S1 W1

CH1 F1

RE-GO-03 Promote the strengthening of Rathmore as an employment and service centre commensurate with its function as a district town and as an attractive residential location.


RE-GO-04 Ensure that all development proposals are accompanied by a design statement. These statements will illustrate how proposals maximise the development potential of these areas, for the economic, physical and social

P1 HH1 B1 M1 CH1 L1

S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

161

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

benefit of Rathmore.

RE-GO-05 Protect buildings and streetscape which form part of the town’s historic, cultural, and architectural heritage and to encourage the appropriate reuse and sensitive restoration of unused/derelict vernacular properties in the village.

P1 HH1 B1 M1 CH1 L1

S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

RE-GO-06 Require the development of additional access points to serve backland sites. P1 M1 L1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 F1

RE-GO-07 Provide pedestrian and vehicular routes through new development areas to existing and proposed, social, recreational and community services within the town.

P1 HH1 M1 L1 S1

B1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 F1

RE-GO-08 Ensure the preservation of the archaeological monument KEO60. P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

F1

RE-GO-09 Protect the natural heritage values of the Blackwater River SAC. P1 HH1 B1

W1

S1 AQ1

C1 M1

CH1 L1

F1

RE-GO-10 Ensure that development of lands shall make adequate provision for surface water disposal and incorporate on site measures in accordance with Sustainable Urban Design Systems where required.

P1 HH1 W1

C1 F1

B1 S1 M1

CH1 L1

AQ1

RE-GO-11 Encourage the development of streetscapes in new residential developments particularly on frontages adjoining public roads.


B1 W1 F1


RE-O-01

Improve the landscaping between the two villages. P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1 AQ1 B1

S1 W1 C1 F1

RE-O-02

Provide hard and soft landscaping throughout. P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1 AQ1 B1

S1 W1 C1 F1

RE-O-03

Develop in a sustainable manner, the Rathmore 'moving bog' Nature Trail. P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1 AQ1 B1 F1

S1 W1 C1

162


RE-S-01

Facilitate the sustainable extension to the existing burial ground. P1 M1 HH1 B1 W1

S1 CH1

AQ1 C1

L1 F1

12.9. Section 3.9 Fossa Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict

with EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

FA-GO-01

Ensure that new development shall contribute towards a compact settlement structure through making effective use of infill, brownfield and backland sites and preventing unnecessary ribbon development or development along the lakeshore.


B1 W1 CH1 L1 F1

FA-GO-02

Improve approaches into the village and improve the footpath network. P1 AQ1 C1

L1

HH1 B1

S1 W1

CH1 F1

FA-GO-03

Promote Fossa as a village with a unique character and identity and facilitate quality developments that will help improve the tourism potential of the village.

P1 HH1 S1

M1 L1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 F1

FA-GO-04

Improve tourist signage within and outside of the village as a means of highlighting awareness of the tourist attractions in the area and promoting the village as a tourist destination. Any such signage to be sensitively designed and appropriately located.

P1 HH1 S1

M1 L1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 F1

FA-GO-05

Support the sustainable provision of a recreational walkway/cycleway around Lough Leane as appropriate. Any such route should be designated and located so as to be compatible with environmental designations in the area.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

L1

FA-GO-06

Preserve views and prospects. P1 HH1 S1

L1

B1 W1

AQ1 C1

CH1 F1

M1


FA-O-01

Facilitate the development of the Fossa Way proposals around Lough Leane in Killarney, in a sustainable manner, subject to detailed environmental assessment.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

L1

FA-O-02

Facilitate the sustainable development of a Greenway from Fossa to the Gap of Dunloe - subject to environmental assessment.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

L1

163

12.10. Section 3.10 Gneeveguilla Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

GA-GO-01

Promote Gneeveguilla as a service centre with adequate amenities for its rural hinterland while maintaining its rural character.


B1 W1 CH1 L1 F1

GA-GO-02

Seek the completion of unfinished developments/estates prior to the granting of further new build. The scale of new developments shall be in proportion to the pattern and grain of the existing traditional settlement. Development should make effective use of infill, brownfield and backland sites while preventing unnecessary ribbon development



GA-S-01


S1 CH1

AQ1 C1

L1 F1

12.11. Section 3.11 Scartaglin Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

SN-GO-01

Ensure that all development should contribute to improvements in the village’s urban form, and shall preserve its character, heritage and natural features.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

SN-GO-02

Ensure that new development should be in keeping with the scale, character and settlement pattern of the village and should reflect local design features.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

SN-GO-03

Ensure that new development should respect the topography and natural setting of the area and should be designed so as to not be visually obtrusive. Landscaping details will also be required to be of a high standard to help integrate any new development.

P1 HH1 CH1 L1

B1 S1W1 AQ1 C1 M1 F1

164

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

SN-GO-04

Lands have been reserved in the village for future development. When required, these lands should seek to physically, visually and functionally integrate the upper and lower village.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1


SN-O-01

Ensure that the amenity area be upgraded to make it more of an active public open space while retaining its essential character. Street furniture and planting could be introduced. It is also considered to be a suitable place for a playground.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1

SN-O-02

Provide for the development of the amenity area which would include pedestrian walkways to connect upper and lower parts of the village. This will provide valuable amenity space and will help maintain views of the countryside from the village green in a southerly direction.

P1 HH1 M1 CH1 L1 AQ1 C1

B1 S1 W1


SN-S-01


S1 CH1

AQ1 C1

L1 F1

12.12. Section 3.12 Currow Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

CW-GO-01

Facilitate the provision of social, community and retail facilities necessary to support the local population and create a viable community.

P1 HH1 B1 S1 W1 AQ1 C1 CH1 L1 F1

CW-GO-02

Ensure investment in the development of a Sewerage Scheme to serve the village. P1 HH1 B1

W1 M1

S1 AQ1

C1 CH1

L1 F1

CW-GO-

Limit residential development within the approach zone and noise significant area of Kerry Airport.

P1 HH1 M1 B1 S1 W1

AQ1 C1

165

Objective Likely to

Improve

Status of

EPOs

Probable

conflict with

EPOs –

unlikely to

be

mitigated

Potential

Conflict

with EPOs-

likely to be

mitigated

Neutral

Impacts

with

EPOs

No Likely

Interaction

with EPOs

General Objectives

03 CH1 L1

F1

CW-GO-04

Support and promote the development of a community playground. P1 HH1 AQ1 C1 M1 CH1 L1

B1 S1 W1 F1

CW-GO-05

Encourage the appropriate reuse and sensitive restoration of unused/derelict vernacular properties in the village.

P1 S1 C1

M1

CH1 L1 B1 HH1 W1

AQ1 L1

F1

CW-GO-06

Safeguard the operation and expansion of Kerry Airport. No development shall be permitted which would prejudice the future development potential of Kerry Airport. The onus shall be on developers (in consultation with Kerry Airport) to ensure that any proposed development within the development boundary of Currow does not penetrate the Obstacle Limitations Surfaces as defined in Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation.

M1 P1 HH1 W1

B1 AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

CW-GO-07

Ensure that any development between the 57 La.eq and 60 La.eq noise contours, as shown on zoning map, shall make specific provision for sound attenuation to ensure ambient internal noise levels shall be to the satisfaction of the Planning Authority.

M1 P1 HH1 W1

B1 AQ1 C1

CH1 L1

F1

CW-GO-08

Have regard to the recommendations of the Irish Aviation Authority and control inappropriate development in the vicinity of the Airport which may have technical or other implications for safety or the normal operation of the airport.

M1 P1 HH1 CH1 L1

F1 W1 B1

AQ1 C1

CW-GO-09

Reserve lands for the development of a riverside walk as indicated on the Zoning Map.

P1 HH1 AQ1

C1 M1

B1 S1 W1

CH1 F1

P1 HH1

AQ1 C1

M1

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