MAYOR OF LONDON Transport for London
London Underground (Northern Line Extension) Order
Environmental statementNon-technical summary
Transport and Works Act 1992
N o n Te c h n i c a l S u m m a r y f o r t h e N o r t h e r n L i n e E x t e n s i o n
N o n Te c h n i c a l S u m m a r y f o r t h e N o r t h e r n L i n e E x t e n s i o n i
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. PROJECT OVERVIEW 2
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERN LINE EXTENSION 6
4. THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCESS 12 (ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS)
5. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 13
TrafficandTransport 13
Socio-economics 14
ArchaeologyandBuiltHeritage 16
NoiseandVibration 17
AirQuality 19
ElectromagneticCompatibility 19
SurfaceWaterResourcesandFloodRisk 19
LandQualityandGroundwater 19
Ecology 23
TownscapeandVisualAmenity 23
ClimateChangeAdaptationandMitigation 25
6. THE NEXT STEPS AND HOW TO GET MORE INFORMATION 30
ii N o n Te c h n i c a l S u m m a r y f o r t h e N o r t h e r n L i n e E x t e n s i o n 1 . 0 I n t r o d u c t i o n
Figure1:TheNorthernLineExtension
1 . 0 I n t r o d u c t i o n N o n Te c h n i c a l S u m m a r y f o r t h e N o r t h e r n L i n e E x t e n s i o n 1
1.1 ThisdocumentpresentsaNon-TechnicalSummary(NTS)ofthepredictedimpactsontheenvironmentoftheproposedNorthernLineExtension(NLE).FulldetailsofthoseimpactsarecontainedintheEnvironmentalStatement(ES)thatURShaspreparedonbehalfofTransportforLondon(TfL).TheESaccompaniesTfL’sapplicationtotheSecretaryofStateforTransportforaTransportandWorksActOrder(TWAO)fortheproposedNLE.
1.2 ThisNTSincludes: ■ AbriefaccountofthebackgroundtotheNLEprojectandhowitrelatestotheVauxhallNineElmsBatterseaOpportunityArea(VNEBOA);
■ AdescriptionoftheNLEandthealternativesthatwereconsideredbyTfL;
■ AnoutlineoftheEnvironmentalImpactAssessment(EIA)processandatopicbytopicsummaryofthepotentialenvironmentaleffectsandthemeasuresproposedtominimiseadverseeffectsandmaximisepotentialbenefits;and
■ AnoutlineoftheTWAOprocess,includinghowinterestedpartiescancommentontheapplication.
1.3 TheprojectproposestoextendtheCharingCrossbranchoftheNorthernline,fromKenningtontoBattersea,includinganintermediatestationatNineElmsandaterminusatBattersea,closetoBatterseaPowerStation(BPS)(seeFigure1).TheextensionwillpassthroughtheLondonboroughsofLambeth,SouthwarkandWandsworth.
1.4 TheprimaryaimoftheextensionistoencourageeconomicgrowththroughenablingthesustainableregenerationoftheVNEBOA.TheVNEBOAisexpectedtoaccommodatesignificantgrowth,withdeliveryofahighdensitymixedusedevelopmentcomprising16,000new
homesand20,000to25,000newjobs.ThiswillincludetheredevelopmentoftheBPSsite.Thislevelofdevelopmentcannothappensustainablywithouttheappropriatetransportinfrastructure.
1.5 TheNLEisintendedtomeetanumberofthegoalsfortransportinLondonsetoutintheMayor’sTransportStrategy(MTS,2010),whichincludemeasuresto:
■ Supporteconomicdevelopmentandpopulationgrowth;
■ EnhancethequalityoflifeforallLondoners;
■ ImprovesafetyandsecurityforallLondoners;
■ ImprovetransportopportunitiesforallLondoners;and
■ Reducetransport’scontributiontoclimatechangeandimproveitsresilience.
1.6 TheMTSmakesspecificreferencetotheNLE,statingthattheMayorwillseeklonger-termenhancementsandextensionstotheUndergroundnetwork,including:
“A privately funded extension of the Northern line to Battersea to support regeneration of the Vauxhall/ Nine Elms/ Battersea area”.
1. INTRODUCTION
2 . 0 P r o j e c t O v e r v i e w2 N o n Te c h n i c a l S u m m a r y f o r t h e N o r t h e r n L i n e E x t e n s i o n
2. PROJECT OVERVIEW
2.1 TheproposedNLEistheresultofanextensiveexaminationofalternativetransportsolutions,alternativeroutesandalternativelocationsanddesignsforthestationsandshafts.Consultationwithawiderangeofstakeholders,suchastheLondonboroughsofLambeth,SouthwarkandWandsworth,statutoryconsultees,andmajorlandownersandthepublic,hasbeenimportantinthisprocess.Asummaryofthisworkispresentedinthefollowingsections.
Alternative Transport Solutions
2.2 ThedecisiontoextendtheNorthernlinewastakenfollowingareviewofalternativetransportsolutions,including:
■ AnextensiontotheNorthernline,butfromtheBankbranchratherthanCharingCrossbranch;
■ NewextensionsfromtheVictoria,District/Circle,BakerlooandWaterloo&Citylines;
■ AnautomaticmetroschemebetweenBPSandCharingCrossviaVictoria;
■ AnextensiontotheDocklandsLightRailwayfromBankstation;
■ Astand-alonelightrapidtransportscheme;
■ AcrossrivertramfromcentraltosouthLondon;
■ AspurfromCrossrail;
■ EnhancementtoexistingNationalRailandLondonOvergroundservices;and
■ Improvementstobus,rivertransportandcycleservicesandfacilities.
2.3 ThisreviewconcludedthatanextensiontotheCharingCrossbranchoftheNorthernlinewouldbethetransportsolutionthatwould:
■ BestmeettheneedsoftheVNEBOA;
■ AchievetherelevantgoalsoftheMTS;and
■ Alsobestfittheoverallpublictransportnetwork.
Alternative Route and Station Options
2.4 TheassessmentofalternativetransportsolutionswasfollowedbyaconsiderationofalternativeroutealignmentsfortheNLEandalternativestationlocations.Fourrouteswereconsidered(seeFigure2).AllfourrouteoptionswouldbeconnectedtotheexistingNorthernlineattheKenningtonLoop,atrainturnaroundfacilityontheCharingCrossbranch.Thefouroptionsconsideredwere:
■ Option1-DirectfromKenningtontoBPS;
■ Option2-KenningtontoBPSwithanintermediatestationwithintheNineElmsarea;
■ Option3-KenningtontoBPSviainterchangeatVauxhall;and
■ Option4-KenningtontoBPSwiththreepotentialalternativelocationbeforetheintermediatestations.
2.5 Therouteoptionswereassessedagainstarangeofcriteriaincludingengineeringfeasibilityandtransportandenvironmentalconsiderations.Theoptionswerealsosubjecttodetailedpublicconsultation.ThisworkconcludedthatRouteOptions2and4weremostfavourableduetotheprovisionofanintermediatestation.Itwasconsideredthattheseoptionswouldofferagreaterimprovementinairqualityduetoagreaterreductionincarandbustripsasaresultofmodalshift(i.e.peoplechoosingtotravelontheNorthernlineratherthanusingcarorbustransport)thanRouteOptions1and3.Also,bycreatingnewstations,RouteOptions2and4wouldprovidegreateropportunitytoenhancethetownscapearoundthe
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intermediatestation,andespeciallyattheintermediatestationproposedforRouteOption2.Moreparticularly,anintermediatestationwouldsignificantlyenhancetheaccessibilityandregenerativebenefitsoftheprojectbyenablingtheVNEBOAasawholetobenefitfromenhancedtransportinfrastructure.
2.6 AlthoughRouteOption4resemblesRouteOption2insomerespects,byplacingtheintermediatestationinthenorthernpartoftheVNEBOA,itfailstooffertheearlybenefitsoftheNLEtotheexistingcommunitiestothesouthandeastoftheVNEBOAtothesamedegreeasRouteOption2.RouteOption4hasalessaccessiblelocationforitsintermediate
Figure2:Routeoptions
Nine Elms ‘North’
BatterseaNine Elms ‘South’
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BuckinghamPalace
L A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T HL A M B E T H
S O U T H WA R K
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W E ST M I N ST E R
Elephant & Castle
LambethNorthSt. James's Park
WestminsterPier
Battersea Park
Queenstown Road (Battersea)
Wandsworth Road
Pimlico
Millbank Pier
Clapham High Street Clapham North
Vauxhall
Oval
Kennington
Loughborough Junction
Victoria
Stockwell
© Crown copyright. All rights reserved (GLA) (100032379) 2013Cartography by Steer Davies Gleave 2013N 0 250 500 m
Route Alignment 4
Route Alignment 3
Route Alignment 2
Route Alignment 1
Proposed Station
Route Alignment Options 1-4
2 . 0 P r o j e c t O v e r v i e w4 N o n Te c h n i c a l S u m m a r y f o r t h e N o r t h e r n L i n e E x t e n s i o n
station,andhaslowerjourneytimesavingscomparedtoRouteOption2.
2.7 RouteOption2isexpectedtoachievethegreatestpatronage(andcartransfer)andthegreatestrelieftocrowdingforexistingusersoftheUnderground.Additionally,RouteOption2performedthestrongestintermsofassessedtransportbenefits.RouteOption2wasalsoidentifiedasthemostpopularroutewiththepublicduringthepublicconsultationsofsummer2010and2011,andisalsosupportedbytheLondonBoroughofLambeth(LBL)withinwhichtheintermediatestationwouldbelocated.
2.8 Asaresultofthis,RouteOption2wascarriedforwardtothenextstageofdevelopment,wheremoredetailedprojectandsitespecificaspectswereconsidered.
Site Specific Options and Alternatives
2.9 Indevelopingthepreferredschemedesign,considerationwasgiventoanumberofkeycomponentsoftheproject:
■ Theoptimalalignment(routeanddepth)ofthetunnels;
■ Thelocationanddesignofthetwonewstations,oneatBPSandoneatNineElms(broadlyatthecornerofWandsworthRoadandPascalStreet);
■ Thelocationofthreepermanentventilationandinterventionshaftsrequiredalongtherouteandtheassociatedabove-groundstructurereferredtoasaheadhouse:
■ OneforthenorthboundtunnelinthevicinityofKenningtonGreen;
■ OneforthesouthboundtunnelinthevicinityofKenningtonPark;and
■ OnewheretherunningtunnelsconvergeintheClaylandsRoadarea.
■ Thelocationoftwotemporaryshafts(oneforthenorthboundtunnelandoneforthesouthboundtunnel)tostabilisethegroundandmaketheconnectiontotheexistingrailwayontheKenningtonLoop.
2.10 Todevelopapreferredalignment,anumberofaspectshadtobeconsidered,includingthefeasibilityofconstruction,operationsandenvironmentalperspective.Thehorizontalandverticalalignmentofarunningtunneldirectlyinfluencesthequalityofthetrainjourney,andthemostefficientroutewouldbeastraightline.Thiswouldbeeasiertoconstructandwouldalsohaveoperationaladvantages.However,thealignmenthastobedevelopedinthecontextofexistingconditions,suchaspilingfrombuildings,geologicalconditionsandtheexistenceofotherinfrastructuresuchaswaterpipesandotherUndergroundtunnels,whichlimitstheopportunitiesforstraightlines,althoughthesehavebeenincludedwherepossible.
2.11 Thelocationofthestationswasinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,including:
■ Theavailabilityofsuitableland,minimisingdisruptionanddemolition,includingtherequirementforappropriatetemporaryworksites;
■ ThereductionofovercrowdingatNorthernlinestationstothesouth(e.g.Oval);and
■ Theneedtointegratethedesignwith,whilstmaintainingoperationalindependencefrom,thatoftheoversitedevelopments(OSD-thedevelopmentthatwilltakeplaceimmediatelyabovethetwonewstations).
2.12 Thefunctionofparticularshaftsdictatesthebroadlocationofeachshaft.Anumberofalternativeswereconsideredagainstarangeofcriteria,includingconstructabilityandavailabilityofasuitableworksite,theamountoftemporaryandpermanentlandtakeandpropertyacquisition,theamountofdisruptiontotreesandecology,thedistancetoresidentialpropertiesandotherreceptors,andthepresenceofheritageandtownscapeconstraints.
2.13 Theproposedroute,includingthelocationsforthestationsandthepermanent
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shafts,wasalsothesubjectofapublicconsultationexerciseinsummer2011;theresultsofwhich,amongstotheroutcomes,alsoultimatelyledtotheshaftintheClaylandsRoadareabeingdeletedfromtheproposals.
2.14 Thedeletionofthisshaftwasmadepossiblebythedevelopmentofanalternativefireandevacuationoperationalstrategy,whichrequiredanincreasetotheinternaldiameterofthetunnelsinordertoaccommodateawalkway.TheotherfunctionsofthisshaftwillnowbeachievedbymodificationstotheproposedpermanentshaftsatKenningtonParkandKenningtonGreen,aswellasatNineElmsstation.
2.15 Thelocationofthetwotemporaryconstructionshaftswassubjecttoconsultationwithlocalresidentsandbusinessesinautumn2011.AnumberofpotentialsiteswereidentifiedbasedonfactorssuchasproximitytotheKenningtonLoop,availabilityoflandandpotentialenvironmentaleffects.
2.16 Followingconsultationinautumn2012,afurtherreviewofthelocationsofthepermanentshaftswasundertaken.Thisconfirmedthattheselectedoptionsremainthebestavailable.
2.17 TheproposedNLEthereforerepresents,takingintoaccountallrelevantassessmentcriteria,thebestpossiblealignmenttomeettheproject’sstatedaims.
3 . 0 D e s c r i p t i o n o f t h e N o r t h e r n L i n e E x t e n s i o n6 N o n Te c h n i c a l S u m m a r y f o r t h e N o r t h e r n L i n e E x t e n s i o n
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERN LINE EXTENSION
3.1 Figure3illustratestherouteandprincipalfeaturesoftheNLE.TheNLEworkscomprisetheconstructionofanundergroundrailwaytoformanextensionoftheNorthernline(CharingCrossbranch)fromKenningtontoBattersea.ItwillleavetheexistingrailwaysouthofKenningtonstationfromasectionoftrack(theKenningtonLoop)usedbyterminatingtrains.Itwillrequiretheconstructionoftwotunnels(onenorthboundandonesouthbound)approximately3,000minlength.
3.2 FromtheKenningtonLoopthetracksdiverge,withthesouthboundtunnelpassingbeneathKenningtonPark,andthenorthboundtunnelpassingbeneathKenningtonRoad,andthesouthernboundaryofOvalcricketground.Thetracksthenconvergetoapproximatelyparallelalignmenttothesouth-eastofTheOval,passingbeneathSouthLambethRoadandWandsworthRoad,beforeenteringthestationboxfortheproposedNineElmsstation.
Figure3:TherouteandprincipalfeaturesoftheNLE
Batterseastation
NineElmsstation
KenningtonGreenshaft
KenningtonParkshaft
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3.3 AfterpassingundertherailwayviaductsouthofVauxhall,thetunnelsturntoasouth-easterlyalignment,passingunderNineElmsLane,beforeenteringthestationboxfortheproposedterminusatBatterseainthesoutherncorneroftheBPSsite,adjacenttoBatterseaParkRoad.
Construction Details
3.4 ThetunnelsbetweenBatterseastationandtheKenningtonshaftswillbeconstructedusingtwoTunnelBoringMachines(TBM)launchedfromtheproposedBatterseastation,whichwillthenworkeastwardstowardsthepermanentshafts.
3.5 Therearetwomainconstructionmethodologies(bothofwhichwereassessedbytheEIA)proposedforthetunnelsbetweentheKenningtonshaftsandtheconnectionstotheexistingKenningtonLoopthatuseeitherTBMsorsprayedconcreteliningtoconstructthetunnelstothejunctionswiththeKenningtonLoop.Onemethodwouldrequiretemporaryshaftstobeconstructedandtheotherwouldrequiregallerytunnelsbelowgroundtobeconstructed.
3.6 Ongoingengagementwithcontractorswillinformthefinaloptionthatisselected.
Construction Programme
3.7 ConstructionoftheNLEisexpectedtolastapproximately5years.Itisanticipatedthattunnellingworkswillstartduring2015,withthepossiblerequirementofancillaryorenablingworksbeingundertakeninadvanceofthis.WorksontheshaftsinKenningtonwillbegininsummer2016.ServicesontheNLEareproposedtocommenceby2020.
3.8 WorksatBattersea,associatedwithboththestationandthelaunchoftheTBMsforconstructionoftherunningtunnelsisanticipatedtolastforapproximately3yearsand7months;whilstworksatNineElmsstationisanticipatedtolastapproximately4yearsand4months.
3.9 AtKenningtonGreenandKenningtonPark,worksarelikelytorunforapproximately3yearsand2months,and3yearsand9monthsrespectively,dependingonthechosenconstructionmethod(itwouldlastlongerwithoutthetemporaryshafts).Iftheselectedconstructionmethodrequirestheuseofthetemporaryshafts,thisislikelytolastforapproximately2yearsand2monthsattheselocations.
Construction Worksites
3.10 Constructionwillbeundertakenfromaseriesofconstructionworksitessituatedalongtherouteasfollows:
■ Asiteatbothproposedstations:BatterseaandNineElms;
■ Asiteatbothproposedpermanentshafts,KenningtonParkandKenningtonGreen;and
■ Asiteatbothproposedtemporaryshafts,RadcotStreetandHarmsworthStreet(onlyiftheconstructionmethodchosenrequiresthem).
3.11 ThesewereselectedonthebasisthattheywouldprovidesufficientspacefortheworksrequiredineachcaseandwitheasyaccesstothesurroundingroadnetworkandtheRiverThamesfortransportationofmaterials.
Battersea Station Worksite
3.12 Theworksitewilloccupyanareaofapproximately51,500m2.Thestationandassociatedcrossoverboxwillbeexcavated;withmaterialfromthislocationandtherunningtunnelsthatisnotcontaminatedlargelybeingremovedbybargeviatheriver.ThiswillrequireaconveyoracrosstheBPSsitetotheexistingjetty.Minorworkstothejetty,aswellasdredgingoftheexistingjettyberthingpocket,mayberequiredtoallowbargestobeloaded.
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Nine Elms Station Worksite
3.13 Theworksitewilloccupyanareaofapproximately15,000m2.Duringconstruction,demolitionofallexistingstructuresonthesite,includingbuildingsassociatedwithSainsbury’s,CoventGardenMarketAuthority(CGMA)andBanhamSecurity,willberequiredtoenableexcavationofthestationbox.
Kennington Park and Kennington Green Worksites
3.14 TheKenningtonParkworksitewilloccupyanareaofapproximately3,000m2.TheKenningtonParkshaftandheadhousewillbelocatedinthenorth-eastcorneroftheparkbetweenKenningtonParkPlaceandStAgnesPlace.Thiswillrequirethedemolitionofthelodge(referredtoasKenningtonParkLodge)atthissite,currentlyusedasacommunityfacility.Temporaryreplacementfacilitiesareproposeduntilpermanentreplacementfacilitiesareavailablefollowingthecompletionofconstructionworks.
3.15 TheKenningtonGreenworksitewilloccupyanareaofapproximately2,300m2.TheKenningtonGreenshaftwillbelocatedwithinthegreenitselfandtheheadhousewillbelocatedwithinthelandownedbytheBeefeaterGindistilleryonthecornerofMontfordPlaceandKenningtonRoad.Thiswillrequiredemolitionoftheexistingboundarywall.Awatertankistobeprovidedforthedistilleryonlandadjacenttothenorth-westofthedistilleryonMontfordPlace,asanaccomodationwork.
Temporary Construction Shafts
3.16 Asmentionedpreviously,oneofthepossibleconstructionmethodsrequirestwotemporaryshaftstobelocatedclosetothelocationofthejunctionswiththeexistingKenningtonLooptoenabletheTBMstobedismantledandtosupportconstructionactivitiesassociatedwiththosejunctions.
3.17 TheworksiteandtemporaryshaftatRadcotStreet(coveringapproximately
300m2)willservethenorthboundtunnelandHarmsworthStreet(330m2)thesouthbound.
3.18 Again,ongoingengagementwithcontractorswillinformthefinaloptionthatisselected.
Cross Passages at Kennington Station
3.19 Fournewpassengercrosspassages(twoadditionalbetweenboththesouthboundandthenorthboundplatforms)willbeconstructedatplatformlevelinKenningtonstation.Thesewillrelievepotentialcongestionontheexistingplatforminterchange.Tocarryoutthiswork,temporaryplatformclosuresarelikelytobenecessarybutdisruptionwillbekepttoaminimum.
Materials Management Strategy
3.20 TheaimofthematerialsmanagementstrategyfortheNLEistodivertasmuchsurplusmaterialfromlandfillaspossible.Surplusexcavatedmaterialisanticipatedtobegeneratedfromthetwostationsites,thetunnels,theshaftsitesandtheconnectionstotheexistingtunnelatKenningtonLoop.
3.21 ExcavationfromtheproposedNineElmsstationsiteandtheshaftsintheKenningtonareawillberemovedbyroad.AlargeproportionofexcavationmaterialfromtheproposedBatterseastationandassociatedwiththeTBMsconstructingthetunnelsisanticipatedtoberemovedbybargefromtheexistingjettyatBPS.Itisestimatedthatapproximately70%(byvolume)ofmaterialwillberemovedbybarge,withtheremainderbyroad.
3.22 Contaminatedmaterialwillbesenttoasuitablesitefordisposal,eitherinasegregatedbarge(i.e.separatefromthebargesremovingotherexcavatedmaterial)orbylorry.
Construction Traffic
3.23 Alloftheworksiteshavegoodexistingaccesstothestrategicroadnetwork.Itis
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assumedthataccessroutestoworksiteswillbeviasouthLondon,withlorriesgenerallyusingthefollowingstrategicroads:
■ KenningtonParkRoad/ClaphamRoad;
■ KenningtonRoad;
■ WandsworthRoad;and
■ NineElmsLane/BatterseaParkRoad.
3.24 Therearenostrategicroadclosuresplanned;howevertherewillbetemporaryclosureofthenorthboundbuslaneonKenningtonRoadduringworksassociatedwiththepermanentshaftatKenningtonGreen.TemporaryclosureandtrafficcontrolswillbeusedforactivitiessuchasthedeliveryandremovalofTBMs.
3.25 ThetemporaryshaftsrequiredunderoneofthepossibleconstructionmethodswillrequirethetemporaryclosureofRadcotStreetandHarmsworthStreet.
Code of Construction Practice (CoCP) and Noise Mitigation
3.26 TheCoCPisincludedinVolumeIIoftheESandsetsoutthestandards,proceduresandmeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentthatwillbeadoptedduringtheconstructionoftheNLE.Itcoversenvironmentalandpublichealth,andsafetyaspectsoftheprojectthatmayaffectlocalresidents,businessesandthesurroundings.TheCoCPoutlinesmitigationmeasuresandtheenvironmentalprinciplestobefollowedonsite.
3.27 Normalworkinghoursforabovegroundworksareplannedtobefrom0800to1800onweekdays(excludingBankHolidays)and0800to1300onSaturdays.Activitiessuchasmaintenance,sitebriefings,meetingsandtrainingwilltakeplaceforuptoonehourbeforeandafterthesetimes.Non-disruptivepreparatorywork,repairsandmaintenancemaybecarriedoutonSaturdayafternoonsorSundaysbetween1000and1600.Tunnellingactivitieswouldrequirecontinuousworkinghoursoveraperiodofupto22months.
3.28 Inadditiontothis,TfL’sNLEConstructionNoiseandVibrationMitigationSchemedocumentsetsoutmeasurestoprovidenoiseinsulationandtemporaryrehousingasmitigationincertaincases.
Figure4:Projectspecificconstructionmitigation
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Northern Line Extension (NLE)
Code of Construction Practice - Part A
April 2013
DRAFT
Editor: Nick Street
Consents Manager
Approved by:
Project Manager
Date:
Authorised by:
Project Director
Date:
Transport for London
London Underground
London Underground Northern Line Extension
Construction Noise and Vibration Mitigation Scheme
Issue No.: 1
Issue date: November 2012
Review date:
MAYOR OF LONDON
Operational Details
Battersea Station
3.29 TheproposedterminusatBatterseaislocatedsouthofBPS,paralleltoBatterseaParkRoad.AvisualisationshowingtheabovegroundelementsofthestationisprovidedinFigure5andanillustrativesectionisshowninFigure6.PedestrianaccesstothestationwillbefromBatterseaParkRoadandwillbeatstreetlevelviaafreestandingentrancepavilion.
3.30 AsshowninFigure5,thedesignofthestationwillbefullyintegratedwiththeproposedredevelopmentofBPS,whichwilleventuallyaccommodatenearly4,000homeswithnewshops,restaurants,cafesandbars,offices,hotelandconferencefacilities,communityfacilitiesandanewriversidepark.Thestationwillbelocatedatthesouthernendoftheretailstreet,knownasthe‘HighStreet’,setbackfromBatterseaParkRoad.
3.31 TheillustrativelandscapemasterplanforthestationisshowninFigure16a,attheendofthisdocument.
Nine Elms Station
3.32 TheproposedintermediatestationatNineElmsislocatedonWandsworthRoad
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Figure5:VisualisationofBatterseastationwithmassingoftheOSD(facingnorth-eastfromBatterseaParkRoad)
Figure6:IllustrativesectionsofBatterseastation
withinthesouthernpartoftheexistingSainsbury’scarpark.ThestationwillhaveastreetleveltickethallwithentrancesfromWandsworthRoadandPascalStreet.AvisualisationisshowninFigure7andanillustrativesectionisshowninFigure8.
3.33 AnewpedestrianwalkwaywillbecreatedtothenorthofthestationasacontinuationofthepavementonPascalStreet.This
willconnecttotheemergingCGMAdevelopmentandbeyond.TheillustrativelandscapemasterplanisshowninFigure16b,attheendofthisdocument.
Kennington Park and Kennington Green Shafts and Head Houses
3.34 ThepermanentshaftsatKenningtonParkandKenningtonGreenarerequiredtoprovidegeneraltunnelcooling,ventilation,
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smokecontrolandemergencyinterventiontothetunnels.
3.35 AtKenningtonGreen,theheadhousewillprovideapproximately270m2ofspaceforventilationandinterventionandmaintenanceaccess.Inaddition,theheadhousewillprovideatleast45m2ofexternallouvrestoallowformaintunnelventilation.
3.36 Thematerialshavebeenselectedtoreflecttheadjacentproperties,withtheproposedwallstocompriseLondonStockbrick.ThescaleandmassingofthestructurerelatestotheproportionsoftheexistinghousesontheGreen,withbuildingofresidentialproportions,asmallertopstoreyandasetbackroof.ImagesofthefunctionalityandappearanceareprovidedinFigures12and13.
3.37 AtKenningtonPark,theheadhousewillprovideatleast45m2ofexternallouvrestoallowformaintunnelventilation,
andareplacementcommunityfacility(81m2)andoutdoorgardenspace.Itwillalsoincorporateprovisionforatractionsubstationbelowgroundtoprovidepowertotherailway.ImagesshowingthefunctionalityandappearanceareprovidedinFigures14and15.
3.38 IllustrativelandscapemasterplansforthesepermanentshaftsareshowninFigure16c-dattheendofthisdocument.
Operational Details
3.39 TrainsfromtheCharingCrossbranchwillservetheNLEwithaninitialoperationservicefrequencythatwillprovide16trainsperhour(tph)increasingtoupto28tphineachdirectionatpeaktimesby2031,withajourneytimeof5-6minutesbetweenKenningtonandBatterseastations.
Figure8:IllustrativesectionofNineElmsstation
Figure7:AvisualisationofNineElmsStation(facingnorth-eastonWandsworthRoad)
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4. THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCESS (ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS)
Requirement for an Environmental Impact Assessment
4.1 Manydevelopmentproposalsbyvirtueoftheirsize,locationand/orsubjectmattermusthavetheirenvironmentaleffectsassessedandreported.ThisappliestotheNLE.Theassessmentassiststhedevelopmentoftheprojectbyensuringthatitisdesignedtolimitanyadverseeffectsandmaximisepositiveeffectsonthesurroundingcommunity.Italsohelpsdecisionmakers,inthiscasetheSecretaryofStateforTransport,tounderstandtheenvironmentaleffectsoftheNLE,beforedecidingwhethertogiveconsentfortheschemetoproceed.
4.2 ThewaythatenvironmentaleffectsshouldbeassessedisdefinedbylawandguidanceandtheserequirementshavebeenfollowedfortheNLE.ApplicationsforaTWAOmustfollowtheTransportandWorks(ApplicationsandObjectionsProcedure)(EnglandandWales)Rules2006andanEIAhasbeenundertakenandanESpreparedandsubmittedtoaccompanytheTWAOApplication.
4.3 TheEIAprocessisessentiallyasystematicprocedure,usingthebestpracticabletechniquesandbestavailablesourcesofinformation,todeterminethepotentialimpactsofaproposeddevelopment(bothpositiveandnegative)andtheirsignificance.Italsoprovidesanopportunityforpublicscrutiny.ThisenablestheimportanceofpredictedenvironmentaleffectstobeevaluatedbytheSecretaryofStatetoensureaninformeddecisionontheapplication.
4.4 ThepurposeoftheEIAisthreefold: ■ Topredictenvironmentaleffectsandtheirsignificance;
■ Toidentifymeansofreducingeffects(i.e.theinclusionofmitigation);and
■ Todescribetheremaining(‘residual’)effectsaftermitigation.
4.5 ThescopeoftheEIAwasestablishedthroughtheproductionoftwoEIAScopingReports(in2010and2011,withthesecondbeingroutespecific).ThefollowingissuesweresubsequentlyassessedintheEIA:
■ Trafficandtransport;
■ Socio-economics;
■ Archaeologyandbuiltheritage;
■ Noiseandvibration;
■ Airquality;
■ Electromagneticcompatibility;
■ Surfacewaterresourcesandfloodrisk;
■ Landqualityandgroundwater;
■ Ecology;
■ Townscapeandvisualamenity;and
■ Climatechangeadaptationandmitigation.
4.6 TheresultsoftheEIAarereportedindetailintheESwhichidentifiesandassessesthelikelysignificantenvironmentaleffectsoftheNLEinrelationtobothdemolition/constructionandoperationalphases.TheresultsaresummarisedinthisNTS.
Mitigating Adverse Effects
4.7 Wheresignificantadverseenvironmentaleffectsareanticipated,mitigationmeasureshavebeenidentifiedtooffsetorreducetheeffect.Thisincludeschangestotheschemedesign,mitigationthroughcontrolsduringdemolitionandconstruction(normallysetoutintheCoCP)andmitigationthroughoperationalmanagement.Wherepossible,measureshavealsobeenintroducedtoachieveagreaterenvironmentalbenefit.
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5. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
5.1 ThissectionoftheNTSpresentsatopicbytopicsummaryofthekeyfindingsfromtheEIA.
Traffic and Transport
5.2 ThisassessmentconsiderstheimpactoftheNLEonthehighway,publictransportandpedestrianandcyclenetworksbothduringconstructionandoperation.
Construction
5.3 Duringconstruction,impactsonthepublictransportnetworkwillbeminimal.Aroundsixshort-termclosuresoftheKenningtonLoopwillberequiredresultinginareducedservicefrequencyonbothbranchesoftheNorthernline.Additionally,therewillbesomelimiteddisruptiontointerchangeatKenningtonstationforashortperiodoftimeduringtheconstructionofthenewcrosspassages.
5.4 ClosureofpartofthebuslaneonKenningtonRoadduringworksatKenningtonGreenwillnotsignificantlyimpactbusoperationsastwo-waytrafficcanbemaintained.
5.5 Adverseeffectswillalsooccuronthehighwaynetwork,andforparking,cyclistsandpedestrians.
5.6 Additionaltrafficgeneratedbyconstructionwillresultintwoalreadybusyjunctionsbecomingbusier–namelythejunctionofKenningtonParkRoadwithKenningtonParkPlaceandthejunctionofWandsworthStreetwithPascalStreet.Thiseffectwillonlylastforaroundsixmonthsintotalandwillbemitigatedbycarefulmanagementofconstructiontrafficattheselocations.
5.7 AccesstoandfromtheconstructionsitesviathemajorroadnetworkisgoodandtheonlyminorroadclosureswouldbeatRadcotStreetandHarmsworthStreet
shouldthismethodbechosen.Thiswouldonlyaffectlocaltraffic.
5.8 Anumberofon-streetparkingspaceswillbelosttemporarilyaroundtheshaftandNineElmsstationworksitesduringconstruction.Thisisconsideredtobeanadverseeffect;howeversufficientalternativeprovisionisavailablenearby.
5.9 Theadverseeffectoncyclistsasaconsequenceofincreasedlorrymovementsgeneratedduringconstructionwillbemitigatedbytheprovisionofalternativeroutes,ensuringhighfleetsafetystandardsandraisingawarenessofcyclingsafetyamongstboththecyclingcommunityandcontractorsinlinewithTfLguidance.
5.10 Pedestrianfootwayclosuresarelimited.Signagedirectingpedestrianstoalternativenearbyrouteswillbeprovidedandtrafficmarshallingifnecessary.
Operation
5.11 PublictransportaccessibilityacrosstheVNEBOAwillbetransformedwiththeNLE,particularlyinthewesternandcentralpartsoftheOAaroundthetwonewstations.Figure9illustratesthemajorbeneficialeffecttheNLEwillhaveonpublictransportaccessibilitylevels(PTALs)incomparisonwiththeexistingsituation.ThiswillmaketheareamorecharacteristicofcentralLondonandprovideexistingandnewcommunitieswithbetterpublictransportchoices.
5.12 TheNLEwillgenerateaforecastincreaseinpassengerflows,particularlyontheCharingCrossbranchoftheNorthernline.ThisiswithinthefuturecapacityofthelineandwillnotresultindetrimentalimpactsoneithertheNorthernlineorthewidernetwork.ImprovementsingeneraljourneytimestoandfromtheOAwillhaveamajorbeneficialeffectonpublictransportusersoverall.
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Figure9:CurrentPTAL(left)andforecastPTALwiththeNLE,2031(right)
5.13 Improvementstocross-platforminterchangeatKenningtonstationwillalsohaveabeneficialeffectontheoperationofthisstationasitwilloperateatamoreefficientlevelthanitwouldwithouttheNLE.ThecongestionreliefprovidedatVauxhallstationasaresultofthedemandthatistransferredfromthiskeystationtotheNLEwillalsohaveabeneficialeffect.
5.14 EnhancementstothepedestrianandcyclingenvironmentswilloccurbothdirectlyasaconsequenceoftheNLEandindirectlyasaconsequenceoftheadditionaldevelopmentthatwillbeenabledintheOA.Newcycleparkingfacilitieswillbeprovidedatbothnewstations,andaccessfromthesurroundingareatothenewstationswillbeimprovedthroughtheopeningupofnewroutes.Improvedfootways,cyclepaths,signageandlightingwillbeprovidedaspartofthewiderOAdevelopment.
5.15 WhilstthetrafficgeneratedbythedevelopmentenabledintheOAwillresultincongestiononthehighwaynetwork,theimpactwillbelimitedandconcentratedaroundtheBPSsite.ThistrafficisnotadirectresultoftheNLE,butratherasaconsequenceoftheadditionaldevelopmentthatwillbeenabledbytheNLE.
Socio-Economics
5.16 Thefindingsofthesocio-economicassessmentcanbesummarisedasfollows:
Employment
5.17 Duringconstruction,theNLEwillgenerateanestimatednet1,035jobsperannum,901ofwhichareestimatedtobesupplieddirectfromwithinGreaterLondon.ThisisconsideredtorepresentaminorbeneficialeffectontheGreaterLondoneconomy.
5.18 Duringoperation,itisestimatedthatthetotalnetemploymentfortheNLEwillbe134employees,ofwhich117willbefromGreaterLondon.
5.19 Moresignificantly,longertermbenefitswillberealisedduringtheoperationalphase.DirectemploymentopportunitieswillbecreatedbytheNLEwithadditionalemploymentcreationarisingfrominducedandindirectimpacts.
Open Space
5.20 TheconstructionoftheKenningtonGreenandKenningtonParkventilationshaftswillrequirethecordoningoffofthegreenandpartoftheparkforthedurationof
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theconstructionworks,resultinginthetemporarylossofthisareaofopenspace.
5.21 GiventhatmostofKenningtonParkwillremainavailableforuseduringconstruction,anditsproximityasanalternativeareaofopenspaceforusersofKenningtonGreen,thetemporarylossofopenspaceisconsideredtorepresentaminoradverseeffect.
5.22 Howevertheseareaswillbereturnedtouseasopenspacefollowingcompletionoftheworks.Thereinstatedopenspacewillbeofgreaterdesignqualitythanatpresent(seeFigures10and16).Onceoperational,theeffectonopenspaceisconsideredtobebeneficial.
Impact on Existing Businesses – Banham Security, CGMA, Tropical Catering, Sainsbury’s and Battersea Dogs and Cats Home (BDCH)
5.23 TheconstructionofNineElmsstationwillrequirelandcurrentlyoccupiedbyBanhamSecurity,TropicalCateringandCoventHouse,theheadofficeofCGMA.Theseoccupierswillrequirenewpremisestooperatefromforthedurationoftheconstructionworks.ItisassumedthatBanhamSecuritywouldseektorelocatetoanalternativelocationandthatCGMAwouldseektorelocatetheirheadofficetoanalternativelocationwithinthewiderCGMAsite,likelytothenorthoftheconstructionworksite.
5.24 TheconstructionofNineElmsstationwillalsorequirecarefulphasingsothatitisintegratedwiththeSainsbury’sdevelopmentontheadjacentland.
5.25 AttheBatterseastationsite,workswillrequireashort-termuseoflandwithintheBDCHsiteinordertoconstructtheoverruntunnels.Temporaryaccommodationwillbeprovided.
5.26 TfLwillworkwitheachaffectedlandownertoensurethatthebestsolutioncanbefoundtominimiseimpactsontheir
businessoperationssuchaspotentialrelocationandphasingofNLEworks,oranycompensationrequiredunderthestatutorycompensationcode.However,thedisplacedbusinessesarelikelytoexperiencesomedisruptionandinconvenienceaspartoftherelocationprocessand,forthatreason,theNLEislikelytoresultinaminoradverseeffectduringconstruction.
Impact on Existing Businesses – Beefeater Gin Distillery
5.27 Constructionwillrequirethetemporaryoccupationofpartofthedistillery’syardarea,temporaryreconfigurationofthevehicularandpedestrianaccessarrangementsfromKenningtonGreenandtheprovisionofcertainmitigationmeasures.Thesewillensurethesafeco-existenceoftheheadhousebuildingwithitsplant/ventilationequipmentandthedistillery’soperations(includingthewatertank)suchthattheeffectsonthedistillery’sbusinesswillbenegligible.
Community Facilities
5.28 KenningtonParkLodgewillbedemolishedasaresultoftheconstructionworks.Thelodgeiscurrentlyusedbycommunityorganisationswhowillneedtoberelocated.NewtemporaryreplacementbuildingsfortheoccupiershavebeenproposedbyTfLnearbywithinKenningtonParkandwillbeconstructedpriortodemolitionofthelodge.
5.29 Onceconstructionoftheshaftiscomplete,anewheadhouseandcommunitybuildingwillbebuilttoreplaceandexpandtheexistingfunctionsofKenningtonParkLodgeresultinginminorbeneficialeffects.
Wider Socio-Economic Effects
5.30 TheNLEisthecatalystfordeliveringupto5,500additionalresidentialunitsand14,000additionaljobsintheOAcomparedtowhatwouldhappeniftheNLEwasnotbuilt.ThisisasignificantshareoftheLondonPlantargetsandoftheBoroughs’
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housingtargets.InLondonBoroughofWandsworth’scase,theVNEBOAiscriticaltodeliveringitshousingtarget.AswellastheoverallpositiveeconomiceffectontheVNEBOA,theNLEwillserveGreaterLondonthrough:
■ Improvingaccesstoemploymentopportunitiesforresidents;and
■ Improvingconnectivitybetweenemploymentareas.
Archaeology and Built Heritage
5.31 PartsoftheNLEliewithinoradjacenttothefollowingdesignatedheritageassets:
■ TheheadhouseabovethesouthboundtunnelislocatedinthenorthernedgeofKenningtonPark,aGradeIIlistedRegisteredParkandGarden.Thelodgebuildingisnotlisted;
■ Althoughnoneofthesitesofabovegroundworkscontainlistedbuildings,theyarewithinthesettingofanumber
oflistedbuildingsofhighsensitivity.TheRadcotStreettemporaryshaftiswithintheKenningtonConservationArea.TheworksatKenningtonParkarewithintheStMark’sConservationArea,KenningtonParkandanumberoflistedbuildingsofhighsensitivity.TheworksatKenningtonGreenarewithintheKenningtonConservationArea,KenningtonGreenandanumberoflistedbuildingsofhighsensitivity.TheNineElmsstationsitecontains19thand20thcenturyindustrialbuildingsoflowtomoderatesensitivity.TheBatterseastationsiteiswithinthesettingoftheGradeII*listedBPSandalocallylistedbuilding(WhittingtonLodge)ofmediumsensitivity;
■ Kenningtonstation,wherenewpassengercrosspassagesareproposed,isGradeIIlisted;and
■ Thenorthernsectionsoftheproposedroute(northboundandsouthbound)crosstwoArchaeologicalPriorityAreas
Figure10:Modelofproposedopenspaceimprovements,landscapingandheadhousedesigninKenningtonPark
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(APA)inLambeth.Thesouthernsectionoftheproposedroute(northboundandsouthbound)crossesanAPAinWandsworth.
5.32 Archaeologicalpotentialisvariedacrossthesixsites.ThepotentialforagriculturalremainsrangesfromuncertainatKenningtonParkandlowtomoderateatHarmsworthStreet,RadcotStreetandKenningtonGreenwithacorrespondingverylowtomediumsensitivity.ThearchaeologicalpotentialforprehistoricandRomanremainsrangesfromunknown/uncertainatHarmsworthStreet,RadcotStreet,KenningtonParkandNineElmsstationtolowatBatterseastationwithacorrespondinglowtohighsensitivitydependingondate,nature,extentandpreservation.KenningtonGreenandNineElmsstationhavelowtomoderatepotentialforremainsoflate18th/mid-19thcenturybuildingsandrailwayfeatureswhichareconsideredtobeoflowsensitivity,andthepotentialfor20thcenturyremainsofrailwayfeaturesandbuildingsatBatterseastationishighbutwithalowsensitivity.Geo-archaeologicalandpalaeo-environmentalremainsatNineElmsandBatterseastationsareconsideredtobeofmoderateandhighsensitivityrespectivelyandofmediumsensitivity.Finally,thereisahighpotentialforremainsoftheVauxhallWaterWorksreservoirtobepresentalthoughthesensitivityofsuchremainsisconsideredtobelow,andamoderatepotentialwithmediumsignificanceofriversidestructuresandorganicremainstobepresentattheBatterseastationsite.
5.33 AdverseeffectsonburiedheritageassetswillbeavoidedorreducedtoanacceptablelevelresultinginnegligibleresidualeffectsthroughaprogrammeofmitigationdescribedinaWrittenSchemeofInvestigation,(suchaspreservationbyrecordandarchaeologicalwatchingbrief)assetoutintheCoCP.
5.34 Overall,itisbelievedthatthesetargetedarchaeologicalinvestigationscouldincreasethearchaeologicalunderstandingofthearea.
Noise and Vibration
5.35 NoiseandvibrationfromtheNLEcanarisefromthefollowingsources:
■ Construction(includingdemolition,excavation,constructionplantincludingtunnelboringandlorrymovements);
■ Operationaltrainmovements(groundbornenoiseandvibration);and
■ Operationalventshaftandstationemissions(surfacenoise).
5.36 Noiseandvibrationsurveyswereundertakentoestablishthebaselineconditionsatthereceptorswhichareclosesttopotentialnoisesourcesalongtheproposedroute.
5.37 Withoutmitigation,constructionnoisefromthesurfacesitesispredictedtoproducesignificanteffectsforreceptorsclosetotheconstructionsites.Mitigationmeasureshavebeenidentifiedthatcouldbeusedtoreduceconstructionnoiselevelsasmuchaspossible.
5.38 Theeffectsofconstructionvibrationarenotpredictedtobesignificant.
5.39 Thesurfacedemolitionandconstructionprogrammeandactivitieswillbediscussedwiththerelevantlocalauthoritiesonceacontractorhasbeenappointed.SuchdetailsforallsurfacedemolitionandconstructionactivitieswillbesetoutinSection61(oftheControlofPollutionAct1974)application(s)submittedbytheappointedcontractorforconsenttoconductconstructionactivitiesinadvanceoftheiroccurrence.
5.40 TheuseoftheSection61processwillensure,wherepracticable,thatworksarecarriedoutonsitetostaywithinpredeterminednoiselimits.
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5.41 Theremaybeexceptionalcircumstanceswhereitisnotpracticabletostaywithintheconstructionnoisethresholds.Insuchcases,themeasuressetoutwithintheNLEConstructionNoiseandVibrationMitigationSchemewouldbeimplementedtoprovidefurthermitigation.
5.42 Thesemeasureswillensurethatnoisefromsurfaceconstructionactivitieswillnotbesignificant.
5.43 Groundbornenoiseduetotunnelboringactivitiesispredictedtocauseanadverseeffect.However,itisdifficulttoprovidemitigationforsuchactivitiesandtheexpecteddurationswillbeshort(nomorethanafewdays).
Operation
5.44 Withoutmitigation,theoperationalgroundbornenoiselevelshavebeenpredictedtoresultinadverseeffectsthat
couldcausedisturbancetopropertiesabovetheroute(asshowninFigure11).However,toreducetheeffectsofthegroundbornenoise,ithasbeenassessedthattheuseofavibrationisolatingtrackformwouldprovideappropriatelevelsofnoisereductions.ThismethodwaspreviouslyusedontheJubileeLineExtensionandispredictedtoreducethegroundbornenoiselevelssuchthattheeffectwillbeneglible,consistentwithothermodernmetrosystems.Thisalsohastheeffectofreducingtheoperationalgroundbornevibrationeffectstonegligibleforboththedayandnight.
5.45 Operationalnoisefromfixedinstallationsatstationsandventilationshaftshasbeenpredictedtobenegligiblewhenthetunnelventilationfansmeetaspecificdesigncriteria.
Figure11:Potentialforgroundbornenoiseeffects
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Air Quality
5.46 Impactstoairqualitycanoccurthroughthereleaseofdust(includingparticulatesknownasPM10andPM2.5)andtheemissionsfromconstructionplantandlorrymovementsduringdemolitionandconstruction.Duringoperation,particulatescouldalsobereleasedthroughtheventilationshafts.
5.47 ThecurrentairqualitybaselineshowsthateachoftheboroughsiswithinanAirQualityManagementArea(AQMA)duetoexistingconcentrationsofparticulatesandnitrogendioxide(NO2).
5.48 Throughtheapplicationofon-sitemanagementpracticesidentifiedintheCoCP,effectsduringconstructionwillbeminimisedtominoradversefordustdepositionratesandnegligibleforPM10. Roadtrafficemissionsfromconstructiontrafficarealsopredictedtohaveanegligibleeffectonlocalairquality.
5.49 Forthemajorityofthetime,emissionsfromtheNLEventilationshaftswilloccurpassively,astheventilationstrategyisdesignedtooperatewithoutmechanicalassistanceundernormaloperatingprocedures.Undercertaincircumstances(e.g.duringtestingofthefansorwhentemperaturesreachcertainlevels),fanswillbeoperatedinordertopurgeairfromthetunnels.Tolimitpotentialimpactsfromventshaftemissions,thedesignwillincorporatemeasurestomanageemissions(suchasorientationandfluesize)sothatanyeffectsonlocalairqualityarereducedtoanegligiblelevel.Furthermore,theairqualityoftheUndergroundismonitoredregularlyinordertoensurethatnohazardouslevelsofgasesandparticulatesoccur.
Electromagnetic Compatibility
5.50 Standardguidanceandsitespecificcontrolplanswillbeemployedtoensurethattherearenoadverseeffectsonsourcesofradiofrequencysuchasmobilecommunication
masts,ortohumanhealthfromtheintroductionofelectromagneticsources.
Surface Water Resources and Flood Risk
5.51 TheonlysurfacewatercoursethatcouldpotentiallybeaffectedbytheNLEistheRiverThamesandthroughtheapplicationofon-sitemanagementpracticesidentifiedintheCoCP,effectsduringconstructionwillbeminimisedtoanegligiblelevel.
5.52 AWaterFrameworkDirectivepreliminaryassessmentwasundertakenandconcludedthat,duetothelimitedintrusiveworksassociatedwithdredgingandjettyworksatBPS,thecurrent‘Moderate’ecologicalpotentialclassificationwillnotbeimpacted.
5.53 AnypollutionarisingfromtheoperationoftheNLE,suchasleaks/spillagesoffertilisersandpesticideswithinlandscapedareas,orcontaminationfromin-situmaterialsisalsopredictedtohaveanegligibleeffect.
5.54 Theriskoftidal,river,groundwater,surfacewaterandoverlandflowfloodingisconsideredtobelow.TherunofffromtheNLEsiteswilldrainintotheThamesWaterUtilitiesLimited(TWUL)publicsewersystem.AreductiontothefloodriskintheTWULcombinedsewerswillbeachievedbyreducingtherateandvolumeofstormwaterdischargeenteringthesystem.
Land Quality and Groundwater
5.55 Thisassessmentconsidersthegroundconditionsandgeologyonwhichtheprojectwillimpactandtheresultanteffectsthiscouldcauseintermsofgroundmovement(settlement)andeffectsupongroundwaterandsubsequentusers.TheassessmentalsoconsideredthepotentialpresenceofunexplodedordnancethatcouldbepresentfromtheSecondWorldWar.
5.56 CurrentUKguidanceontheassessmentoflandcontaminationandassociatedriskstobothhumanhealthandtheenvironment
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Figure12:OperationalfunctionoftheKenningtonGreenshaftandheadhouse
Figure13:VisualisationofKenningtonGreenheadhouseandopenspaceimprovements(lookingnorth-westfromKenningtonRoad)
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Figure14:OperationalfunctionoftheKenningtonParkshaftandheadhouse
Figure15:VisualisationofKenningtonParkheadhouseandcommunityfacility(lookingwestfromKenningtonParkPlace)
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advocatestheuseofaparticularriskassessment,knownasaconceptualsitemodel(CSM).ACSMapproachhasbeenusedtoinformtheassessmentundertaken,theelementsofwhichcanbeexplainedasfollows:
■ Sourcesmayincludecontaminationfromexistingandhistoricalsiteusesorcontaminationintroducedbytheconstructionworkssuchasfromvehiclesorspillages.Thepresenceofcontaminantsdoesnotautomaticallyimplythatacontaminationproblemexists,sincethecontaminationmustthenhavea‘pathway’toareceptor-asdescribedbelow;
■ Pathwayscouldbeopeneduporintroducedbytheworks,forexampletheconstructionofshaftsandtunnelsoropeninguppathwaysthroughpilingintothegroundtosupportstructuresandworks;and
■ Receptorsconsideredincludeworkersinvolvedinconstruction,belowsurfacegroundwater,featuresconnectedtogroundwatersuchastheRiverThamesanduserswhomayabstractfromthegroundwaterusingboreholes,includingTWULwhoabstractdrinkingwater.
5.57 Thenatureofunderlyinggeology(LondonClay)anddepthofworksmeansthatthiswillactasanaturalbarriertomovementofpollutioninsomeareasoftheworks.TheNLEhasasubstantialnumberofembeddedmeasuresfortheprotectionofgroundwaterresourcesincorporatedintotheCoCP.Theseinclude,butarenotlimitedto,theadoptionofappropriatepilingtechniqueswhichmaybeneededtopreventopeningaconnectionpathwayforpollutiontoreachgroundwater.Whererequired,remediationofexistinglocalisedcontaminatedhotspotsasacomponentofconstructionworkscouldberequired,includingriskassessments.AssetoutintheCoCP,suitablepersonalprotectiveequipmentPPEandsitecontrolswill
beinplaceduringconstruction,withventilationanddustsuppressionplansimplementedasrequired.Ground-gasmonitoringwillbeundertaken,andsuitableunexplodedordinanceriskassessmentandmanagementplanswillbeincorporatedtoemergencyprocedures.Anycontaminationidentifiedwillbetransportedoffsite,eithertobetreated,ordisposedofatasuitablylicensedlandfill.
5.58 GroundsettlementasaresultoftheNLEhasthepotentialtoaffectarangeofbuildingsdirectlyaboveandalongtherouteoftheNLE.However,theextentofeffectswilldependontheconstructionmethodology,thedistanceofabovegroundbuildingsfromtheexcavationworksandspecificgroundconditionsencounteredunderthevarioussensitivereceptors.Mitigationmeasureswillbeimplementedtoreduceanygroundsettlementeffectsasfarasreasonablypracticable.ItisanticipatedthatgroundsettlementwilllargelybeavoidedorreducedthroughtheuseofTBMsandalsothroughinjectionofasubstanceknownasgrout,whichstabilisesthegroundaffectedbytunnellingworks.Furthermitigationmeasuresmaybeneeded,includingstrengtheningthestructureofaffectedbuildings,installationofaphysicalbarrierbetweenthefoundationoftheaffectedbuildingandtunneltoreducegroundmovementanddiversionorreplacementoflocallyexistingservices.
5.59 Withthesuggestedconstructionmitigationmeasuresapplied,andfollowingbestpracticeguidance,theresidualeffectsfromconstructionduetocontaminatedgroundorgroundwater,orgroundsettlementareconsideredtobenegligible.
5.60 Nocontaminationspecificmitigationmeasures(exceptpotentialmonitoring)areconsiderednecessaryduringtheoperationalphaseoftheNLEbeyondregularinspectionandmaintenanceofinfrastructuretoensurethatnopathwaystounderlyingsoil,groundwaterorsurfacewateroccurasaresultofdisrepair.
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Ecology
5.61 Theecologicalinterestateachoftheconstructionsiteswasestablishedthroughbaselinedeskstudiesandfieldsurveys.Thisestablishedthefollowing:
■ TheBatterseastationsitehaslowecologicalvalue,consistingmainlyofhardstandinganddisturbedbareground.Theconveyorbeltcarryingspoilfromthestationboxtothejettywillbeelevatedacrosssimilarsiteconditions.ThesiteisconsideredtohavelimitedforaginghabitatforBlackRedstartsorbats;
■ ThejettyworkswillrequiresomedredgingintheRiverThames,whichisdesignatedasaSiteofMetropolitanImportanceforNatureConservation.Nodirectlossofinter-tidalormudflathabitatisanticipated,althoughtheremaybesometemporarylossofsub-tidalhabitat.Thisisexpectedtorevertbacktoitsnaturalstateoncethebargemovementscease.Effectsonfishareconsideredtobeminor;
■ TheNineElmsstationsiteislargelycomprisedofbuildingsandhardstandingareaswithafewscatteredtreesthroughoutthesite,andisconsideredtobeoflowecologicalvalue;
■ AlthoughKenningtonParkisdesignatedasaSiteofLocalImportanceforNatureConservation,theworksitewilloccupyanarealargelycomprisinglowqualityamenitygrasslandconsideredtohavelowecologicalvalue.Theworksitewill,however,requirethelossofsometrees,whichdoprovidesomelocalbiodiversityvalue;
■ KenningtonParkisconsideredtobelocallyimportantforforagingandcommutingbats,whichcouldpotentiallybedisturbedbyanynight-timeworksduringthebatactivityseason.However,anysuchdisturbancewouldbetemporaryandwouldnotleadtotheseveranceofanycommutingroute,andwouldnotaffecttheabilityofthelocalbat
populationtocommuteandforagewithinthelocalarea;
■ TheKenningtonGreenworksitecomprisesanareaoflowqualityamenitygrasslandconsideredtohavelowecologicalvalue.Theworkswill,however,requiresomelossoftrees,whichdoprovidesomelocalbiodiversityvalue;and
■ Thetemporaryshaftsitesareconsideredtohavenegligibleecologicalvalue.
5.62 TheCoCPincludescontrolmeasuresthatmustbeadheredtoduringconstructiontosafeguardhabitatsfromdamageanddegradationandtoavoidkilling,injuryordisturbancetoprotectedspecies.Togetherthesemeasureswillensurethattheeffectondesignatedsitesandhabitatsandprotectedspeciesisnegligible.
5.63 InaccordancewithLondonUnderground’sBiodiversityActionPlan,TfLwillseeknotonlytoreplacehabitatslostduringconstruction,butwillseektoenhancethebiodiversityvalueoftheworksites.ThiswillincludetheincorporationofagreenroofonthenewheadhouseandcommunitybuildingatKenningtonPark.
5.64 TheplantingandlandscapingstrategyforKenningtonGreenandKenningtonParkisshowninFigure16c-d.
Townscape and Visual Amenity
5.65 ThisassessmentconsiderstheimpactsoftheconstructionandoperationoftheNLEonthecharacteroftheareasurroundingeachworksiteandonpeople’sviews.
5.66 Thestudyareaischaracterisedbydenseurbandevelopment,crossedbyroadsandrailwaylinesandwiththeRiverThamestothenorth.Landuseistypicallyresidentialwithpocketsofcommercial,industrial,retailandopenspace.Thescaleofdevelopmentismodestwithmostbuildingsbetweentwoandsixstoreysinheight.Thearea’spastisreflectedinthehistoricpatternofstreetsleadingnorthtowardscentralLondon.
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Manyoftheolderpartsaredesignatedasconservationareas.Viewswithinthestudyareaarelargelycontainedbybuiltdevelopmentwithlonger,linearviewsavailablealongroadsandacrosstheRiverThames.
Construction
5.67 Adverseeffectswillmainlyoccurduringconstruction,althoughthesewouldbetemporary.Itwillbenecessarytoremoveexistinghardsurfacing,vegetationandbuildingswithintheworksitestoenabletheconstructionoftheNLE.ConstructionwillbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththeCoCPandadditionalmeasureswillbeconsideredatthedetaileddesignstagetoreducetheeffectsfurther.
Operation
Temporary Construction Shafts
5.68 Oncompletionoftheworks,theroadsurfaceandpavementsatRadcotStreetandHamsworthStreetwillberestoredandnewtreesplantedtoreplacethosethatmayberemovedduringconstruction.Thecharacterofthetownscapeandviewswillberestoredandtheeffectwillbeneutral.
Kennington Park
5.69 ThenorthernboundaryoftheparkwillberestoredfollowingconstructionwithanavenueofLondonPlanetreessetwithinmeadowandamenitygrassandnewmetalrailingstotheboundarywithKenningtonParkPlace.Thenewheadhouseandcommunitybuildingswillbelocatedinthenorth-easterncornerofKenningtonPark,replacingtheexistingKenningtonParkLodgeandgarden.AnewphysicalconnectionwillbeformedbetweenthenewbuildingsandKenningtonParktothesouth.Thebuildingswillbecontemporaryindesignandlinkedbyapergola.Thegardenwillbeplantedwitharangeoftrees,ornamentalshrubsandclimbingplantstointegratethebuildings
withtheirsetting.Astheplantsmature,theoveralleffectwillbetoenhancethetownscapeandviews.Overall,therewillbealocalisedimprovementinthequalityofthetownscapeandviews.
Kennington Green
5.70 Anewheadhousebuilding,constructedinbrick,willcontributetotheenclosureofKenningtonGreenandwillbesimilarinproportiontothesurroundingGeorgianhouses.
5.71 TherestorationofKenningtonGreenwillresultinasignificantenhancementtothetownscape.AhighqualitypublicrealmschemewillsurroundtheGreen,whichwillbeplantedwithnewtreesandshrubs,enhancingthesettingofthesurroundinglistedbuildings.Therewillbesignificantimprovementsinthetownscapeandinthemajorityofviews.
Nine Elms Station
5.72 ThestationportalbuildingwillformafocusofactivityandviewsatthejunctionofPascalStreetandWandsworthRoad,replacingaclutteredandblandtownscape.ExtensiveimprovementstothepublicrealmalongPascalStreet,includinganavenueofstreettrees,willfurtherenhancethetownscape.ThiswillalsoprovideanewphysicalconnectionwiththeneighbouringVNEBareaviaalinkbeneaththerailwayviaduct.Theoveralleffectonthecharacterofthetownscapeandviewswillbebeneficial.
Battersea Station
5.73 AnewstationentranceportalwillbelocatedadjacenttoBatterseaParkRoad.Itwillbesetwithinawide,highqualitypublicrealmlinedwithtreesandextendingalongthestreet.Thestationwillformafocusofactivityanditsslightelevatedpositionwillmakeitprominentinlocalviews.Theremovaloftheexistinghoardingwillopen
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upviewsoftheGradeII*listedformerBPSandindustrialbuildings.Overall,therewillbeasignificantimprovementinthequalityofthetownscapeandviewslocally.
Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
5.74 RisinginternationalandnationalaspirationsonclimatechangeadaptationandmitigationhasledtothestrengtheningofnationalplanningpoliciesandbuildingcontrolprocessesthatcontributetotheUKGovernment’slong-termcommitmenttosupportsustainableandresilientdevelopment.
Climate Change Adaptation
5.75 ThisdescribeshowclimatechangehasandwillpotentiallymanifestitselfinLondon,theproblemsitcancausetothepublictransportnetwork,andhowtheNLEcanadaptbyidentifyingrisks,solutionsandopportunitiesduringtheplanning,design,constructionandoperationalphasesoftheproject.
5.76 Theplanning,design,operationandmaintenanceoftheNLEprovidesnumerousopportunitiestobothexploitextremeweatherconditions(e.g.rainwaterharvesting)andadapttothem.TherearemanyexamplesofwhereadaptationhasalreadybeenincorporatedintoTfLoperationalpolicy,andmanyexamplesofwhereadaptationhasbeenincorporatedintothedesignoftheaboveandbelowgroundelementsoftheNLE.
Climate Change Mitigation
5.77 ThisinvolvesreportingtheestimatedcarbonemissionsthatwillbeproducedbytheNLE,bothduringconstructionandthroughoutoperationandinvestigatingwaystominimisetheseemissions.
5.78 Forexample,rivertransportforexcavatedmaterialswillbeusedwherepossibleto
reduceroadtransport.Assuming70%ofmaterialsareremovedbybarge,thisreducesthecarbonfootprintofexcavatedmaterialsby63%comparedtousingroadtransportonly.
5.79 Considerationwillbegiventotheselectionofmaterialsused,forexampleusingcementcontainingahigherrecycledmaterialscontentandthereforelowerembodiedcarbon.
5.80 Thedifferencebetweenthe‘WithoutNLE’and‘WithNLE’operationalscenariosshowsanoverallincreaseincarbonemissions.Thisisduetotheoperationalscenarioaccountingforagreaterpopulationandnumberofjobsinthearea.TheincreaseindevelopmentwillsupportthebuildingoftheNLE,butalsohasthenegativeeffectofpotentiallycreatingmorecarusersinthearea.Caruseisadriveroftheoperationalfootprintastheemissionsfactorperkilometreismuchhigherthanthatofpublictransport.However,theassessmentshowsthatashiftawayfrombusandrailusetowardsuseofthetubenetwork(includingtheNLE).Thisshiftresultsinalowercarbon-intensitymethodofpublictransport,astheemissionsassociatedwiththetubeareapproximately19%lowerthanbustransport.Theemissionsfrombusandrailusedecreaseintheoperationalscenariocomparedtothebaseline,despitetherebeinggreaterdevelopmentinthearea.ThisindicatesthattheNLEwouldencouragemoresustainablemodesofpublictransportuseinthearea.
5.81 Theoperationalscenariohaspotentialforfurthermitigationofupto24%emissionsreductionfromenergyefficiencymeasuresandpotentialforrenewableenergygeneration.
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Figure16:Illustrativepublicrealmandlandscapeproposalsata)BatterseaStation,b)NineElmsStation,c)KenningtonGreenandd)KenningtonPark
Figure16a
Figure16b
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Figure16c
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Figure16d
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In-Combination Effects
5.82 In-combinationeffectscanoccurwherethereismorethanoneimpactonaparticularresourceorreceptor,forexample,thecombinedeffectsofconstructionnoiseanddustonaresidentialorecologicalreceptor.
5.83 Althoughthereisthepotentialforsuchin-combinationeffectstooccurthroughouttheconstructionoftheNLE,thesewillbetemporaryinnatureduetothetransientnatureofworks.Inaddition,theseeffectswillbereducedasfarasreasonablypracticableviatheimplementationofmitigationmeasuresasdetailedwithintheCoCP.
5.84 ForthecompletedandoperationalNLE,potentialimpactinteractionsarepredominantlybeneficial.Thepublictransportnetworkwillexperienceamajorbeneficialeffect.Thiswillalsoprovidebothdirectandindirectminorbeneficialeffectsforpedestrianandcyclenetworksafetyandamenity,neighbouringcommercialpropertiesandlocalbusiness.Localresidents,andamenityareas,willexperienceminorbeneficialeffectsasaresultofrestorationplans,whichwillimprovethevalueoflandscapeandcommunityamenityfeatures.
Residual Effects and Conclusions
5.85 TheproposedNLEistheresultofanextensiveexaminationofalternativetransportsolutions,alternativeroutesandalternativelocationsanddesignsforthestationsandshafts.Consultationwithstakeholders(suchastheLondonboroughsofLambeth,SouthwarkandWandsworth,statutoryconsultees,andlandowners)andthepublichasbeenimportantinthisprocess.ThisconsiderationofalternativeshasbeeninformedbytheEIAprocessandhasalloweddesignchoices(andmethodsofconstruction)tobemadewithanunderstandingoftheenvironmental
effects.Thishasresultedincertainpotentialadverseeffectsbeingavoidedorminimised.
5.86 ItisacknowledgedthatsomeadverseeffectswillbeexperiencedduringthedemolitionandconstructionphaseoftheNLE,whichwouldbeexpectedforaprojectofthisscale.However,theadverseeffectsanticipatedtoarisewillbemanagedthroughtheimplementationofmitigationmeasuresthroughthedesignoftheNLEandduringdemolition/constructionandoperation.Assumingtheimplementationofthismitigation,mosteffects(pre-mitigation)havebeenreducedtoresidualeffectsofnegligibleorminorsignificance.
5.87 TheprimaryaimoftheNLEistoencourageeconomicgrowthinLondonandthewiderUKeconomybyfacilitatingthesustainableregenerationanddevelopmentoftheVNEBOA.ThisisconsistentwithanumberofobjectivessetoutintheNationalPlanningPolicyFramework,theLondonPlan,theVNEBOAPlanningFrameworkandboroughplanningpolicies.Inparticular,theNLEisintendedtomeetanumberofgoalsfortransportinLondonsetoutintheMTS.
5.88 Intermsofsustainableregeneration,theNLEwillhavealongterm,majorbeneficialeffect.
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6. THE NEXT STEPS AND HOW TO GET MORE INFORMATION
6.1 FollowingthesubmissiontotheSecretaryofStateforTransporton30April2013oftheapplicationforaTransportandWorksActOrder,whichincludesarequestforadirectionfordeemedplanningpermission,acopyoftheapplication,andofallplansandotherdocumentssubmittedwithit,maybeinspectedfreeofchargefromTuesday,30April2013untilTuesday,18June2013(excludingMonday,6May2013andMonday,27May2013whichareBankHolidays)byvisitinganyofthefollowinglocationsduringnormalopeninghours-
(1) Durning Library,167KenningtonLane,LondonSE114HF
(2) Southwark Local History Library,JohnHarvardLibrary,211BoroughHighStreet,LondonSE11JA
(3) Lambeth Council,PhoenixHouse,10WandsworthRoad,LondonSW82LL
(4) Lambeth Council,LambethTownHall,BrixtonHill,LondonSW21RW
(5) South Lambeth Library,180SouthLambethRoad,LondonSW81QP
(6) Wandsworth Council,CustomerServicesCentre,GroundFloor,TownHallExtension,WandsworthHighStreet,LondonSW182PU
(7) Battersea Park Library,309BatterseaParkRoad,LondonSW114NF
(8) Bircham Dyson Bell LLP,50Broadway,LondonSW1H0BL
6.2 DetailsofopeninghoursfortheabovelocationsandfurtherinformationabouttheproposalscanbeobtainedbycontactingtheNLEHelpDesk:
■ onfreephone08081684207;or
UntilthentheHelpDeskwillbeopenMondaystoFridays(exceptbankholidays)from0800to1800andanycallsore-mailsreceivedoutsideofthesedaysandtimeswillberespondedtobytheendofthenextworkingday.Pleasenotethatthise-mailaddressshouldnotbeusedtomakerepresentationseitherfororagainsttheproposals.
6.3 Acopyoftheapplication,andofallplansandotherdocumentssubmittedwithit,maybeobtainedfromBirchamDysonBell,50Broadway,LondonSW1H0BL(attentionPamThompsonfromTuesday,30April2013untilTuesday,18June2013(exceptbankholidays).Achargemaybepayable):
■ Telephone:02077833437;
■ E-mail:[email protected]
6.4 CopiesofthedocumentsandanumberoffactsheetsabouttheapplicationfortheOrderandtheproposalsgenerallycanalsobeviewedanddownloadedfreefromtheprojectwebsiteat:www.tfl.gov.uk/nle.
6.5 Anyobjectionsto,orotherrepresentationsabout,theproposalsintheapplicationshouldbesentonorbefore18June2013to:
■ SecretaryofStateforTransport,c/oTransportandWorksActOrdersUnit,GeneralCounsel’sOffice,DepartmentforTransport,Zone1/18,GreatMinsterHouse,33HorseferryRoad,LondonSW1P 4DR
■ E-mail: [email protected]
6.6 AnobjectionorrepresentationMUSTbereceivedbytheSecretaryofStateonorbefore18June2013inthecorrectform(detailsofwhichareonthewebsite).
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6.7 TheSecretaryofStatewillthenconsiderwhetherapublicinquiryshouldbeheld.Ifitisitwillprobablytakeplaceinlate2013.Thiswouldmeanthatitislikelythatadecisionwouldbemadebyautumn2014.