University of Salford

Environments for Wellbeing: building an evidence base

Dr Ricardo Codinhoto

Evidence-Based Design

Does the built environment impact health?

Intelligibility

Intelligibility

Intelligibility

Intelligibility

Normal person

+

Good environment

Unwell person

+

Good environment

Normal person

+

Bad environment

Unwell person

+

Bad environment

Systematic Review - almost

• Pre-knowledge

• Well defined research question

• Expert advisory panel

• Keywords

• Data bases

• Inclusion criteria

• Exclusion criteria

• Protocol for data compilation

• Analysis method

• A lot of pacience

Da

ta-b

ase

s

293 J

ourn

als

in d

iffe

rent dom

ain

s

Multidiscipline

Art

ists

Physic

ian

s

Psycho

log

ists

Arc

hite

cts

Nurs

es

Eng

ine

ers

Socio

log

ists

Erg

on

om

ists

No Theoretical Consensus

? ?

?

?

?

?

?

Environmental load

Proxemics

Le Modulor

Arousal

Stress & Adaptation

Privacy regulation

Biological and physiological

var iables

Symptom status

Funct ional status

Gener al health per cept ions

Over all quality of l i fe

Char acter ist ics of the envir onment

Non-medical factor s

Char acter ist ics of the indiv idual

Symptom amplificat ion

Per sonality mot ivat ion

Values pr efer ences

Psychological suppor ts

Social and economic

suppor ts

Social and psychologic

al suppor ts

Demogr aphic char acter ist ics

Developmental stages

Psychological factor s

Biological factor s

Fer r ans et al ., 2005

Condit ion Tr eatment Disease or

injur y

special ist t ype building

car e unit

set t ing

funct ions sub-systems equipment fur nitur e component

char acter ist ics

Wilson and Clear y, 1995

Codinhoto et al., 2008

Measures and Characteristics

For different groups…

Different reactions

Buildings

Composed of

Built Environment Characterisation

Atomistic View

sm

ell

ligh

t

colo

ur

textu

re

natu

re

Psychological Physical

Micro Macro

+ -

Effects

Characteristics

of the environment

Characteristics

of the individual

Measures

of Wellbeing

Descriptive View

Co

mp

ara

tive

Vie

w

Overall Evidence Map

Sources

of evidence

1

Obese AdultsPharmacologic

Agents

Effect on Weight

Effect on Abdominal

Visceral Fat

Adverse Effects

Adverse

Symptoms

Effect on

Lipoproteins

Effect on Glucose

Tolerance

Effect on Blood

Pressure

Cardiovascular

Morbidity

Cardiovascular and

Total Mortality

Adverse Morbid and

Mortal Events (e.g.

Primary Pulmonary

hypertension valvular

heart disease

2

3

4, 5, 6

7, 8, 9

10 11 12

13

14

15

16

17

18

2423

21

2220

19

An evidence model for the pharmacologic treatment of obesity (Source: Mulrow et al., 1997)

Overall Evidence Map

COLOUR

TEXTURE

LIGHT

NOISE

TEMPERATURE

HUMIDITY

PRIVACY

NATURE

ART

PAIN

DEPRESSION

BLOOD PRESSURE

Evidence Models

ANXIETY

HEART RATE

FEAR

HALLUCINATION

SLEEPLESSNESS

Under

Construction

The Built Environment Does Impact on Us!