Enzymes A review of how they work

Generate a definition of Enzymes• Proteins that promote specific reactions in

cells by lowering activation energy required to start a reaction.

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html

How do enzymes work?• Lower activation energy

• increase speed of metabolic rates

• Break down….build up???

Anatomy of Enzyme Action

Induced fit model

• Enzymes are specific

• http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab2/induced.html

What happens after an enzyme does its job?

• Required in small amounts because as they work, not consumed.

Factors that affect how enzymes work?

• Temperature

• pH

• Amount of substrate available

Brainstorm of Enzymes • Saliva• Stomach • Nervous system: AcHase• Milk products• Papaya fruit• Unprocessed fruits• Kiwi: actiniclin• Soybeans (lipoxygenase)• Fireflies (luciferase)• Pineapples (bromelain)• Potatoes• Egg whites• Turnips (peroxidase)• Tears• Yeast (sucrase)• Lactase (sold overcounter)• Onions• Detergents• Catalase: liver

How do you know “enzymes” are working?

http://www.enetez.com/images/default/for_sale.jpg

Based on the analogy…

1. What is the product?– pizza

2. What are the enzymes?– workers

3. What is the active site of the enzymes?– Hands of pizza makers

4. What is the substrate?– toppings

Challenge• Design an experiment that will test the

effectiveness of an enzyme.

• Stipulations– Experiment will be performed in class period – conduction is totally designed by experimenters– Enzyme must be available to science lab– Data collection must be qualitative and quantitative

• Review scoring guide for how you will be graded