Strategies for Controlling HFC E i i D ti R i l dEmissions: Domestic, Regional and
International ApproachesNEAR-TERM CLIMATE PROTECTION AND CLEAN AIR FOR LATIN
AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN31 October – 2 November 2012
Bogota, Colombia
Elisa Rim, EconomistStratospheric Protection Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Scope of Presentation
• HFCs: Why Address Them Now?D ti & R i l A h• Domestic & Regional Approaches
• International Approaches• Overview of CCAC HFC Focal Area
HFCs: Used in Various SectorsSame sectors as ODS
Recent HFC Growth Dramatic and Increasing
Source: UNEP 2011 4
D o m e s t i c / R e g i o n a l M e a s u r e s
to Reduce Emissions
• U.S. ODS programs address alternatives (HFCs)Emissions Reduction Regulations– Emissions Reduction Regulations
• Prohibits intentional releases of ODS & substitutes (HFCs)(HFCs)
• Service practices for motor vehicle a/c (e.g., HFC-134a) • Voluntary Partnerships go beyond regulations
– End-of-life safe appliance disposal – foams & refrigerant– Sector-specific program to reduce emissions
• Other approaches include:– Australian SSG
EU F G l– EU F-Gas rule5
Identifying Safer Alternatives
U.S. EPA’s Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) Program • Globally Unique: evaluates substitutes that reduce overall risk y q
to human health & environment in industrial sectors– e.g., Refrigeration, A/C, Foams, Fire Suppression, Aerosols, etc.
• Menu of Options: 400+ substitutes considered: – ODP, GWP, flammability, toxicity, local air quality, ecosystem effects,
occupational & consumer health/safetyoccupational & consumer health/safety
• Alternatives include:– Alternative chemicals/blends – Alternative technologies (e.g., thermoelectric)
• Next Generation Alternatives
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– Alternatives for ODS & high-GWP HFCs
Coupling Domestic & RegionalCoupling Domestic & Regional Approaches with International Action:
Amending the Montreal Protocol
HFCs: Potential Growth If Unmitigated
• HFC growth directly li k d M l linked to Montreal Protocol’s ODS phaseout and expanding availability of refrigeration & air conditioning
• HFC emissions could reach 19% of projected global CO2 emissions by 2 y2050 if left unchecked
Taking Action for Sound ODS Phaseout
• HFC Growth is direct result of ODS phaseoutp
• Montreal Protocol experience and success on HFC-sectors
• Montreal Protocol already heavily involved in addressing HFCs- As the phaseout of HCFCs is implemented, MP’s
Multilateral Fund incentivizes transition to climate-friendly, Low-GWP alternatives- Up to 25% additional funding
- Montreal Protocol’s Technical and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) provides global expertise
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- Science Assessment Panel (SAP) provides information on alternatives
2012 North American Proposal to Amend Montreal Protocol
• Establishes Baseline and Obligations for all countries– Developing Countries: later and with financial assistance p g
• Phases down 21 HFCs, uses GWP-weighting
• Recognizes MPRecognizes MP institutions –expertise
• Coordinates with HCFC Phaseout
• Does not alter any UNFCCC obligations
Climate Benefits: 2012 North American Proposal
• Significant climate benefits: over 96 GtCO2eqC b fit ffi i b i t• Co-benefits: energy efficiency by equipment upgrades, better materials
Near term actions are meaningful Near term actions are meaningful
Cumulative HFC Reductions (MMTCO2eq) 2016 through 2050
Non‐Article 5 42,100
Article 5 42,900
Byproduct Controls (HFC‐23) 11,300
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World Total 96,300
Momentum Growing
• Declaration with 108 Parties favoring addressing HFCs under Montreal ProtocolHFCs under Montreal Protocol
• 2nd Declaration (Bali) more forward-leaning, over 90 signatures to date – open until end of 2012 MOPg p
• Numerous studies link HFCs to protecting the climate system and ozone layer
• Many countries incorporating low GWP options in their transition plansoptions in their transition plans
• New alternatives entering the market
Ri 20 t d l HFC h d f• Rio+20 supports gradual HFC phasedown of production & consumption
HFC Focal Area:Since Focal Point Launch• The United States chairing, working closely with UNEP, Canada, UNDP, Italy, Mexico …
• Near-term actions include:• Capacity building
• July Bangkok Technology ConferenceJuly Bangkok Technology Conference• December Commercial Refrigeration Tech Forum
• Inventories• 5 8 Countries Start with production/imports build on sector• 5-8 Countries – Start with production/imports, build on sector
expertise • Case Studies
• Develop information by sector• Develop information by sector• More to come!
• Demonstration projects• Commitments
Successful Technology Conference
•Over 400 people from more than 60 countries • Popularity demonstrates need for information
•Low GWP fluorinated and non-fluorinated alternatives for high GWP HFCs: refrigeration, air conditioning and foams
•Speakers from: US, Europe, China, Japan, India, Australia, Brazil, Indonesia, etc.
•Companies: DuPont, Honeywell, Whirlpool, Coca-Cola, Mayekawa, Gree, Carrier, Daikin, AHT, etc.
•Exhibits with cutting edge technologies
Summary
• Commercially manufactured HFCs are short-lived• Suite of known alternatives technologies and better• Suite of known alternatives, technologies, and better
handling can significantly reduce HFC consumption in near and long termg
• Considering ODS and HFCs together allows for focus on the sectors, rather than chemicals– Avoid need for multiple transitions
• Substitutes for many sectors available or under development but there are barriers to their uptake
• CCAC Taking action to overcome barriers!– Enable technologies, promote standard reform, capacity
building
Questions and Comments
• Thank You!
• Elisa Rim, U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyElisa Rim, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency– [email protected]
• For More Information:Cindy Newberg, John Thompson, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Department of [email protected] [email protected]
Information on Alternatives
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