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8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 1/49
Head and Neck
Conformation
Lesson 2
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 2/49
Objectives Define and describe the ³conformational
ideal´ head and neck
Define and describe head and neck
conformational faults
Define proportions of the head and neck
and describe how they relate to overallfunction
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 3/49
Head Attracts the eye
Viewed first by buyers
Affects use of that horse
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 4/49
Head Purpose: Balance by acting like a
pendulum
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 5/49
³Ideal´ Head Head size compliments neck
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 6/49
Head²´Ideal´ Ears Ears are usually proportional to the head
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 7/49
Head²´Ideal´ Balance Distance between the horse¶s eyes is ~ ½
the distance of a line from poll to midpoint
of the nostril
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 8/49
Head²´Ideal´ Nostrils Enables the horse to breathe
Nostril openings -- wide
Nostrils -- thin and elastic
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 9/49
Head²´Ideal´ muzzle Teeth -- aligned (upper and lower)
Lips ± full and cover the teeth
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 10/49
Head Size²Faults A big head =
A small head =
Small heads on foals/weanlings
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 11/49
Head Nostrils²Fault Too small ±
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 12/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 13/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 14/49
Head Muzzle²Fault
Parrot mouthed (hereditary!)
Monkey mouthed
NOTE: in AQHA judging mouths do not have an
effect on placing!
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 15/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 16/49
Head Faults
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 17/49
Head²Dished A concave face or bridge of nose
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 18/49
Narrow jaw/throatlatch²Fault Narrow if the measurement is less than
7.2 cm
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 19/49
Wide jaw/throatlatch
Between jawbones = greater than 7.2 cm
(generally your fist)
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 20/49
Examples:
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 21/49
Examples
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 22/49
Neck Conformation
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 23/49
Neck Purpose
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 24/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 25/49
Neck²´Ideal´ ~ 1/3 of the horse¶s overall length or
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 26/49
Neck²´Ideal´ Top line (withers to poll)
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 27/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 28/49
Neck Terminology Well-muscled
Slightly arched
Clean throatlatch
Neck ties in cleanly with the withers and
top line
Neck ties in cleanly with the shoulder
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 29/49
Neck Terminology High-set
Neck angles up from the shoulder (breed
specific)
Low-set
Neck ties in low to the shoulder (usually not
desirable)
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 30/49
Neck Notes:
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 31/49
Arched or Turned-over neck
Crest is convex or arched
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 32/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 33/49
Short Neck
Common fault
Often associated with thickness
Still flexible, agile and moveable
For performance:
Better suited for quick turns
BUT is still functional (if it is the only fault!)
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 34/49
Long Neck
Long = exceeds the proportional length of
the horse¶s body
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 35/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 36/49
Large crest/Fallen crest
³Tro jan horse´ appearance
In extreme cases the crest ³falls´ to one
side
Most common in stallions, ponies, draft
horses, and the Morgan breed
Result of excessive fat above nuchal
ligament
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 37/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 38/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 39/49
Ewe Neck (Upside-down)
Named for the shape of sheep¶s neck
Unevenly muscled in neck/thin neck
Noticeable dip in front of the withers
Bulging muscles on the underside of the
neck
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 40/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 41/49
Swan Neck
Slender and long neck
Upper curved/arched (correctly)
Dip remains in front of withers
Underside muscles bulge
Common fault
Often caused by poor riding
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 42/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 43/49
Knife-necked
Long, skinny neck
Poor development of muscles
Both top line and bottom line of neck
Straight crest, no substance on bottom
Often rider-induced
Not common fault
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 44/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 45/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 46/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 47/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/eqs-370-equine-evaluation-and-selection-lecture-2 48/49
8/8/2019 EQS 370 Equine Evaluation and Selection Lecture 2
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