Equitable Communication for AllRegulatory and Policy Aspects
Bharat Bhatia President, CTIA India
Chairman, RWG, WiMax forum India Chapter Vice President, ITU-APT Foundation of India
Regional Director, Asia, Motorola
Today The Mobile Phones are the Best Providers of Today The Mobile Phones are the Best Providers of Equitable Communication for All
CONNECT ME INFORM MEENTERTAIN ME SECURE ME EMPOWER ME
TOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2008.
WORLD POPULATION
4 Births per second
MOBILE PHONE32 Sold per second
More then 13 of them in Asia*
More then 7 of them in IndiaMore then 7 of them in India
And India is leading this Mobility dream for allAnd India is leading this Mobility dream for all
ce: Research and Markets
India is The Fastest Growing Country in MobilityIndia is The Fastest Growing Country in Mobility
dian Telecomatistics
December 09
tal Telephone bscriber Base
543.20 million
reless Subscription 506.04 million
w Additional in reless
17.65 million
erall Teledensity 46.32
oadband Subscription 7.57 million
Source : TRAI Press Release , December 09
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Mobile Wireless Subscribers
Wireline Subscribers
• India is the fastegrowing cellularmarket in the world
• Has become the2nd largest markafter china earlin 2009
• India is adding 18-20 Million newireless subscribers evemonth
84
159179
315 320 323 326
461
Russia M alaysia Australia Korea Singapore China Thailand India
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0.19
0.170.16
0.11 0.11 0.11
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0
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0.2
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Belgi
um Italy
UK
Fran
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Bra
zil
Philipp
ines
Taiw
an
Arg
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a
Malay
asia
Hon
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Thailand
Pakist
an
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Indiandia’’s mobility solutions have redefined the s mobility solutions have redefined the global rulesglobal rules
12.320.6
33.150.7
89.4
140.2
180
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
SM
S V
olum
es in
billi
ons
Lowest Mobile tariffs in the WorldVery high and rising Minutes of Use Compared to many countries Low and Falling SMS prices leading to: widening user demographic and increasing number of SMS based services.
SMS Volume Minutes of Use
Average Call Charges
http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.h
World Regions Population(2009 Est)
Internet Users Latest Data
Penetration(% Population)
Asia
Europe
North America
Middle East
Latin America/Caribbean
Oceania / Australia
3,808,070,503
803,850,858
340,831,831
202,687,005
586,662,468
34,700,201
704,213,930
402,380,474
251,735,500
47,964,146
175,834,439
20,838,019
18.5
50.1
73.9
23.7
30.0
60.1
24.71,668,870,4086,676,805,208WORLD TOTAL
Africa 991,002,342 65,903,900 6.7
Total Worldwide Broadband Subscribers 6-7%
But the Equitable communications can noBut the Equitable communications can nobe achieved without Broadband growthbe achieved without Broadband growth
“A growing share of broadband subscribers is paying for premium service that gives them faster speeds.”
“Broadband adoption appears to have been largely immune to the effects of the current economic recession.”
“A majority of home broadband users see a home high-speed connection as “very important”to at least one dimension of their lives and community, such as communicating with health care providers and government officials, or gathering and sharing information about the community.”
“World Bank, Information and Communications for Development 2009, found that for every 10 percentage-point increase in high-speed Internet connections there is an increase in economic growth of 1.3 percentage points.”
On-line Media Will Continue to Drive Broadband Demand…
5% of the total mobile traffic will be datay 2015*
Mobile Data Traffic increases 10x by 2015 but evenue/MB will decline by 7x *
Mobile Data Traffic doubles annually for the next 4 ears **
Some Motorola 4G deployments report 15 GByte / Sub / Month average
arger page size = need for bandwidthMore objects = need for low latency
Source: WebsiteOptimization.com, April, 2008.
Web Page Size / Complexity Increasin
*Source: Analysys Mason – 4/09h**Source: Cisco VIN 2009
Legal environment pressureUnbundled tariffsFixed line / VoIP prices
User experience improvement – HSPA / devicesFlat rate mobile data tariffsLaptops built-in HSPA chipsetsWalled garden opening up / New Exciting apps
More people signing up to flat rate mobile data tarriffSubscriber using more and more data (USB dongles – laptop impact)HSPA network reaching capacity / HPSA Spectrum exhaustion
Latency - 10-50msBandwidth – 4Mbps +Access to all contents
Fixed line operators going mobile New entrants (ISP/Cable going WiMAX)MVNO
obile operators facing increased competition
obile voice value is falling
Mobile data becoming a realityata demand increasing / Reaching capacity
xed-line Broadband setting expectations
Mobile Market DynamicsMobile Market Dynamics
Operator Traffic & Revenue ChallengeTime
Traffic
Revenue
Voice & SMS dominated
traffic
Mobile Data Explosion
Target Lower Cost per Bit
Streaming Video Fills Up the PipesStreaming Video Fills Up the Pipes……
5% of users watch online videoouTube = 27% of internet traffic.2 B video streams per day
0% of all IP traffic will be Video by 2013 *
Approximately 64 percent of the world's mobileata traffic will be video by 2013*
Reasonable Use Profiles
APPSDays/ Mo
KB /Day
Hrs /day Kbps KB / Mo
VoIP on Mobile 30 0.2 64 172,800
Outlook (10 emails + 5 with attachments) 30 10500 315,000
Outlook (10 emails + 5 with attachments) 30 10500 315,000
Live Messenger (assuming it replaces SMS) 30 10.0 3 405,000
MySpace/Facebook, profile update, video stream up and down 10 0.3 128 172,800
General Browsing, Music + News sites, etc… 20 1.0 100 900,000
Home recorded movie on hard drive set top box / Sling / Computer 6 2.0 1000 5,400,000
Youtube, News clip 20 0.5 256 1,152,000
Radio streaming and home stored music 20 2.0 128 2,304,000
11.1Gbytes / Month
APPSDays/ Mo
KB /Day
Hrs /day Kbps KB
VoIP on Mobile 30 0.1 64
Outlook (20 emails + 5 with attachments) 4 11000
Outlook (20 emails + 5 with attachments) 30 11000 3
Live Messenger (assuming it replaces SMS) 30 10.0 3 4
MySpace/Facebook, profile update, video stream up and down 5 0.5 128 1
General Browsing, Music + News sites, etc… 10 0.5 100 2
Home recorded movie on hard drive set top box / Sling / Computer 4 2.0 1000 3,6
Youtube, News clip 10 0.3 256 3
Radio streaming and home stored music 15 1.0 128 8
6Gbytes / Month
APPSDays/ Mo
KB /Day
Hrs /day Kbps KB
VoIP on Mobile 30 0.5 64 4
Outlook (5 emails + 3 with attachments) 20 6250 1
General Browsing, Price check + News sites, etc… 20 1.0 100 9
Youtube, News clip 20 0.5 256 1,1
Radio streaming and home stored music 4 0.5 128 1
2Gbytes / Month
TypicalMobile only
College StudentLaptop + Mobile
Urban ProfessionalLaptop + Mobile
* Source: Cisco VIN 2009
APPSDays/ Mo
KB /Day
Hrs /day Kbps KB / Mo
VoIP/Conference on Mobile 20 1 64 576,000
VoIP on Mobile 30 0.1 65 87,750
Netmeeting when Out of Office 4 0.5 500 450,000
Outlook (100 emails + 25 with attachments) 4 55000 220,000
Outlook (100 emails + 25 with attachments but only 5 attachments download) 30 16000 480,000
Communicator 4 8 3 43,200
Linked-In, profile update, video stream up and down 2 1 128 115,200
Competitor sites, News sites, etc… (Bursty traffic) 4 1 100 180,000
Home recorded movie on hard drive set top box / Sling / Computer 2 2 1000 1,800,000
Youtube, News clip 10 0.5 256 576,000
Radio streaming and home stored music 10 1 128 576,000
5.1Gbytes / Month
Road WarriorLaptop + Mobile
5.1GB/month 6GB/month
11.1GB/month 2.7GB/month
Video2.4GB/month
Video3.9GB/month
Video4.5GB/month
Video1.2GB/month
27M mobile TV users inJapan and South Korea
$5.4 Bn worldwide mobile gaming revenue in 2008
China revenue up ~40% in 2
>250M active users
30M users accessing Facebthrough their mobile device
1.2 Billion streams from YouTube per day
Option to shift TV programs from STB at home to a mobile device
Watching movies while traveling
Watching 15-min mobile versions of a 30-min TV program
Watching 3-min version of favorite shows on mobile device
81%
75%
62%
61%
Findings based on an online panel survey among over 2,000 members of the Millennial generation ages 16-27
“How much interest do you have in the following circumstances?”
New Mobile Data Usage PatternsNew Mobile Data Usage PatternsWhat Do Tech Savvy Millennials (16 to 27What Do Tech Savvy Millennials (16 to 27--yryr--olds) Demand? olds) Demand?
Next Generation Data DriversWeb 2.0 and Multi-media Content
Number of U.S. mobile devicusers accessing the Internet more than doubled from 2008to 2009
Source: co
IndiaIndia’’s billion+ people need Low Cost and s billion+ people need Low Cost and Spectrum Efficient Mobile broadbandSpectrum Efficient Mobile broadband
• Almost Non Existent Wireline networks
• Availability of broadband wireless technologies such as LTE andWiMax at competitive costs
• New spectrum available in 700 MHz band for Broadband mobility and solutions
• Lower Costs for subscribers
• Faster Roll out
Mobile Broadband Wireless Technologies are all Mobile Broadband Wireless Technologies are all Evolving to OFDM which meet our needsEvolving to OFDM which meet our needs
OFDMA
2G 3G 4
IS95A 1X DO DO Rev A UMB
GSM UMTS HSDPA HSUPA3GPP
3GPP2
IEEE 802.11 b/g
LTE -Adv
802.16m
2010200920062004200220001998 200719941992
LTE
2G
802.16d 802.16e WiMAX
+ True high-speed mobile data+ Full-motion HD video anywhere+ Stream any content+ Quadruple play+ Faster email access and Instantaneous
web pages
DGE
VDO-ASDPA
WiMAXiber
ADSL-2+
ADSL
Mbps
40-100MbpsFiber like speed on mobile
FDMA Mobile Broadband Wireless Technologies provide FDMA Mobile Broadband Wireless Technologies provide ster data rates and low latencyster data rates and low latency
Faster data rates
EDGE
EVDO-AHSDPA
LTE/WiMAXFiber
ADSL-2+
ADSL
msec
30-10msec latencyHighly Responsive Multimedia
+Improved user experience+Fast VoIP call set-up+Instantaneous web pages+Streaming fast buffering+Online mobile gaming
Low Latency
0-100Mbps Sector Throughputore capacity per userpectrum Bandwidth p to 20MHzpectrum Efficiencyuch higher bits/sec/Hz
OFDMA Wireless Technologies are key to broadband OFDMA Wireless Technologies are key to broadband connectivity in Indiaconnectivity in India
105 Simultaneous Calls per sector / 1MHz
1-8Mbps expectedUser bandwidth
Highly spectrum efficient+ Spectrum Flexibility
Flexible Bandwidth (1.25 MHz to 20 MHz)Expand spectrum as demand grows
+ Centralized IMS services Easy to upgrade application capacity
+ Voice CapacityUp to 105 VoIP calls per sector per MHz*
LTE/WIMAX VoIP cost*
UMTS rel.99 voice call cost$
10%
+ Low frequency, Advanced Receivers andSmart AntennaFor improved coverage and reduced cost of ownership
+ Simpler RAN, IP Core & Centralized service deliveryFewer nodes & interfaces (Node-B/RNC/Gateway) One Network & IMS for all access technologies
+ 3GPP Market tractionEconomy of scale
much lower call costs
16
CDMA technologyFor Mobile Services permitted
IND
IA
Private players were allowed in Telecom Services
National Telecom Policy (NTP) was formulated
1992
1994
1997
Independent regulator, TRAI, was established
NTP-99 led to migration from high-cost fixed license fee to low-cost revenue sharing regime
1999
2000
2002
BSNL was established by DoT
ILD services was opened to competition
Internet telephony initiated
Reduction of licence fees
2003
Calling Party Pays (CPP) was implemented
Unified Access Licensing (UASL) regime was introduced
Reference Interconnect order was issued
2004
Intra-circle merger guidelines were established
Broadband policy 2004 was formulated—targeting 20 million subscribers by 2010
2005
FDI limit was increased from 49 to 74 percent
Attempted to boost Rural telephony
2006
Number portability wproposed (pending)
Decision on 3Gservices (await
2007
Department of Telecommunication (DoT) is the main body formulating laws and various regulations for the Indian telecom industry.
Polices and Regulations have driven the mobile growth in India Polices and Regulations have driven the mobile growth in India
ILD – International Long Distance
But New Policies and Regulatory initiatives are essential to expand rural broadband
Our Policy environment is still far from perfectOur Policy environment is still far from perfect
ndependent Regulator
Convergence Law
Spectrum Management
Regulation for all IP NGN regime
ndustry participation & self regulation
Current Regulatory FrameworkCurrent Regulatory Framework
PSTN Cellular Cable Satellite Broadcast
VOICE
VIDEO
DATA
Greater user choiceLower cost
High speed Integrated IP networks
Users linked to one network with limited services
New Paradigm New Paradigm -- examplesexamples
NGN-IP NetworksPSTN
WirelessWired Networks
OFDMATDMA/CDMA
IP backhaulTDM based back-haul
VOIPVoice
IPTVBroadcast TV
ApplicationsApplications(Global Servers / Services)(Global Servers / Services)
New concept of Services (billing, revenue sharing, interconnection)
Service ConvergenceDe-regulated licensing environment for Service Creation, Service Provision for local, domestic long distance and international
Global Service creation and service provision
Regulatory ChallengesTechnology Scenario
“Establish a unified & rationalized regulatory paradigm for new advanced IP-enabled services that are agnostic to the platform or location.”
Core Networks
Conventional Switching Offices replaced by Soft-Switches.
Growing & Intense use of IP Protocol
Regulatory Framework that facilitates Convergence.
Remove all barriers to the use of IP Protocols, especially VoiP.
“Data, Cellular and Fixed Network convergence.”
“Do what users want but do it seamlessly, any complexity should be behind the scenes.”
Regulatory ChallengesTechnology Scenario
DevicesDevices
Multiple Technologies and bands in a single device
Increasing Use of low power wireless technologies – RFD,NFC,
Unlicensed bands
Type approval of single devices multiple applications.
Rules for Global roaming
“Always on, always here” with a single device.
Regulatory ChallengesTechnology Scenario
“Devices have moved from a single phone with wires to a broad ranging wireless IP and multimedia devices.”
Video contentVideo content
he new regulatory framework needs to Allow competition between content and evelopment of innovating and disruptive services
Common services sharedwith all broadcasters (broadcasted)
Specific services for one or more operators (broadcasted)
Specific service for one operatorand for limited audience(over 3G)
Opérator 2
Opérator 1
Opérat or
3MVNO
+ TV5
AccessAccess
Significant growth of fixed high speed optical accesses-FTTC,FTTH
Intense use of WIMAX and LTE
New spectrum bands for mobile New spectrum bands for mobile AccessAccess
Rules for active infrastructure Rules for active infrastructure sharingsharing
Sharing and coexistence of Sharing and coexistence of terrestrial and satellite services in terrestrial and satellite services in same or adjacent bandssame or adjacent bands
Acceptance of New technologiesAcceptance of New technologies
Rapid Growth of high speed wireless accesses ( Wi-Fi, WiMax, 3G, 4G);
Regulatory ChallengesRegulatory ChallengesFuture ScenarioFuture Scenario
““Spectrum is a foundational resource needed to deliver Broadband Spectrum is a foundational resource needed to deliver Broadband to to massesmasses””
• 700 MHz band is Propagation Rich and provides more coverage with less equipment
• 700 MHz is a great spectrum Resources for next generation broadband wireless networks
• India advantage – no broadcasting in 700 MHz usage as in many other countries around the world – so no need to wait for Digital Dividend
Need to urgently allocate new Need to urgently allocate new spectrum for India's broadband needsspectrum for India's broadband needs
1. Our Need: is for higher coverage Two to three times as many less sites required for initial coverage at 700 Mhz compared to 2.1 or 2.5 GHz
700 MHz provides much larger cell sites for rural coverage
2. Our need is for lower capacity and lower cost
3. 700 MHz is ideal solution for rural coverageInterference occurs
between these co-channel cells
Lower reuse
Interference increases as distance between co-channel
cells decreases
Higher reuse
700 MHz offers unique opportunity for Equitable 700 MHz offers unique opportunity for Equitable Communications in IndiaCommunications in India’’s rural areass rural areas
700 MHz band700 MHz band
700 MHz in ITU700 MHz in ITU– WRC-07 identified the 698-806 MHz band/portions of this band for IMT
in several key Region 3 countries - Bangladesh, China, Korea (Rep. of)India, Japan, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and Singapore
– APT Wireless Forum and ITU-R Working Party 5D have developed multiple frequency arrangement options for this band
3 GHz
806 960 MHz862
9 countries in Region 3 and all of Region 2
698 790
Region 1
Rest of Asia
Existing Cellular and PPDR
Incumbent Defense usage in some border areasIndia NFAP debate on this band so far inconclusive. Four key stake holders:
Broadcasters including Mobile TVWiMaxLTEPublic Safety (PPDR)
Standards QuestionsTDD or FDD?How much spectrum per operators
Key Issues in India for allocating 698Key Issues in India for allocating 698--806 for Broad 806 for Broad band mobile communicationsband mobile communications
n Summary
xt 20 years of Innovation …xt 20 years of Innovation …
Time to look forward to next 20 years of P revolution that will truly bring in an equitable information SocietyOperators and regulators around the world are in a process to transition from egacy GSM/CDMA networks to all IP OFDMA broadband wireless networksThere is an opportunity for India to leap-frog in technology and innovation to 4G to reach out to all peopleTo Achieve this, Regulatory leapfrog is needed in heralding the new IP broadband wireless EraA quick decision on 700 MHz is critical for equitable communications
Mobile Wireless Broadband will Give India a New WorldMobile Wireless Broadband will Give India a New World
CONNECT ME
INFORM ME
ENTERTAIN ME
SECURE ME
EMPOWER ME
MOBILE ME
Thank You
bharat.bhatia@ Motorola.com
