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Eradicating Poverty Eradicating Poverty in Eritrea and in Eritrea and EthiopiaEthiopia
Thuy DangThuy DangAmy KolerAmy KolerSung LeeSung LeeJason LiouJason Liou
Alba StrugaAlba Struga
UN Millennium GoalsUN Millennium Goals
Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Eradicate Extreme Poverty and HungerHunger
Achieve universal primary educationAchieve universal primary education Promote gender equality and Promote gender equality and
empower womenempower women Reduce child mortalityReduce child mortality Improve material healthImprove material health Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other
diseasesdiseases Ensure Environmental SustainabilityEnsure Environmental Sustainability Develop a global partnership for Develop a global partnership for
developmentdevelopment
Why do UNMGs Why do UNMGs matter?matter?
Advance the means to a Advance the means to a productive lifeproductive life– For the billion plus people in For the billion plus people in
extreme poverty, the MDGs are a extreme poverty, the MDGs are a life and death issue. life and death issue.
Critical for Global SecurityCritical for Global Security– In poor societies there are In poor societies there are
frequently conflicts over scarce frequently conflicts over scarce vital resources. vital resources.
– Civil unrest could attract Civil unrest could attract terrorists, allowing them to create terrorists, allowing them to create a base of operation for future a base of operation for future attacks. attacks.
Focus of Our Focus of Our PresentationPresentation
Eradicate Extreme Poverty Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger in Eritrea and and Hunger in Eritrea and Ethiopia through:Ethiopia through:
– Fighting HIV/AIDSFighting HIV/AIDS– Increasing food security Increasing food security
Locations ofLocations ofEthiopia and EritreaEthiopia and Eritrea
Comparing Comparing Ethiopia and EritreaEthiopia and Eritrea
EthiopiaEthiopia One of the oldest One of the oldest
countries in the world countries in the world
Population of 73 Population of 73 millionmillion
50% below poverty 50% below poverty lineline
GDP per capita: $800GDP per capita: $800
Agriculture is 47% of Agriculture is 47% of GDPGDP
EritreaEritrea Independent since Independent since
May 1993May 1993
Population of 5 millionPopulation of 5 million
50% below poverty 50% below poverty lineline
GDP per capita: $900 GDP per capita: $900
Agriculture is 12.4% Agriculture is 12.4% of GDP of GDP
HIV/AIDS Work in HIV/AIDS Work in EthiopiaEthiopia
The UNDP’s strong collaboration with The UNDP’s strong collaboration with the UNAIDS Theme Group and the the UNAIDS Theme Group and the Ethiopian governmentEthiopian government
Assistance in strengthening relevant Assistance in strengthening relevant government institutionsgovernment institutions
Efforts to strengthen capacity-Efforts to strengthen capacity-building through gender building through gender empowermentempowerment
Recommendations for Recommendations for HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS
Continue to strengthen Ethiopian Continue to strengthen Ethiopian government institutions working on government institutions working on HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS
Build on leadership development and Build on leadership development and training towards more training towards more sensitive/ethical media reportingsensitive/ethical media reporting
Step up efforts to provide HIV testing Step up efforts to provide HIV testing materials for at-risk populations and materials for at-risk populations and areasareas
Food SecurityFood Security
Food Security is defined as access by Food Security is defined as access by all people at all times to adequate all people at all times to adequate nutritious food enabling them to lead nutritious food enabling them to lead healthy and productive lives. healthy and productive lives.
National Food Security: National Food Security: Food Food available in the national marketavailable in the national market
Household Food Security: Household Food Security: All All household members have affordable household members have affordable access to food access to food
Food Security and Food Security and PovertyPoverty
Food security and poverty are Food security and poverty are intricately linked; if one is improved, intricately linked; if one is improved, the other will be improved as well. the other will be improved as well.
Efforts are being made to improve Efforts are being made to improve the productivity of rural/household the productivity of rural/household farms which will improve both food farms which will improve both food security and poverty.security and poverty.
Specific Food Security Specific Food Security Goals for EritreaGoals for Eritrea1) Formulate a Food Security Strategy 1) Formulate a Food Security Strategy
2) Improve coordination of food 2) Improve coordination of food securitysecurity
3)3) Collect and analyze food security Collect and analyze food security related informationrelated information
4) Enable households to increase their 4) Enable households to increase their human and physical assetshuman and physical assets
Main Challenges to Main Challenges to Food Security in Food Security in
EritreaEritrea Persistent DroughtsPersistent Droughts
– Eritrea is located in one of the driest Eritrea is located in one of the driest areas of Africaareas of Africa
– During droughts only 25% of the food During droughts only 25% of the food necessary for the country is producednecessary for the country is produced
– Droughts occur on average every 10 Droughts occur on average every 10 yearsyears
Border War with EthiopiaBorder War with Ethiopia
Goals of Agriculture Goals of Agriculture Development Program in Development Program in
Ethiopia Ethiopia Creation of a national agricultural Creation of a national agricultural
information systeminformation system
Improved use and management of Improved use and management of small-scale irrigationsmall-scale irrigation
Functioning of microfinance Functioning of microfinance institutions to serve rural institutions to serve rural communitiescommunities
AchievementsAchievements
10,000 farmers and 4,000 staff 10,000 farmers and 4,000 staff were trained on use of improved were trained on use of improved technologies technologies
A study on the establishment of a A study on the establishment of a national computerized national computerized agricultural system agricultural system
Challenges Challenges
Persistent droughtsPersistent droughts
Population and resources Population and resources imbalanceimbalance
Prevailing antiquated Prevailing antiquated technologiestechnologies
RecommendationsRecommendations
Continue with the efforts of improving the Continue with the efforts of improving the antiquated technology in use in the antiquated technology in use in the Agricultural sectorAgricultural sector
Initiate a study for strategic diversification Initiate a study for strategic diversification and land use for the drought prone areas, and land use for the drought prone areas, and consider the possibility of moving the and consider the possibility of moving the population to more fertile areas within each population to more fertile areas within each regionregion
Increase fundraising efforts toward helping Increase fundraising efforts toward helping these two countries to eradicate poverty by these two countries to eradicate poverty by half by 2015half by 2015
RecommendationsRecommendations
Strengthen networking, exchange Strengthen networking, exchange of ideas and joint programming of ideas and joint programming between different stakeholdersbetween different stakeholders
Help both countries to resolve Help both countries to resolve their border conflict so that they their border conflict so that they can concentrate on eradicating can concentrate on eradicating poverty in their respective poverty in their respective countries countries
More Information…More Information…
For more information, please visit:For more information, please visit:
http://classes.maxwell.syr.edu/http://classes.maxwell.syr.edu/PSC651/2005/Development/PSC651/2005/Development/
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!!!THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!!!