. . 2556 16-18 2556

Ergonomics Assessment and Improvement for

Lifting Tasks in Thai Industries

1* 1 2 1

10800 2

10520 E-mail: waiyawit_@hotmail.com*

Waiyawit Waiyakarn1* Nantakrit Yodpijit1 Sunpasit Limnararat2 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,

King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok 10800, Thailand 3Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang E-mail: waiyawit_@hotmail.com*

3

(1)

(2) 3

6 7 8 9

NIOSH 1991 ( )

. . 2556 16-18 2556

Abstract

The act of manually lifting an object is one of the major concerns in the effective use of a workforce and in the prevention of back injury in Industry. Work-related musculoskeletal complains among workers

were found in this study at three factories: an automotive parts manufacturer, a paper box manufacturer, and a canned seafood manufacturer. The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate risks of injury

relating body postures and external loads of manual lifting tasks, and (2) to improve lifting tasks for preventing occupationally related back injuries due to lifting. Three methods of physical ergonomics

assessment (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment: RULA, Rapid Entire Body Assessment: REBA, and Static

Biomechanical Model) were used to identify the level of intervention needed for the workers. Results revealed that RULA scores ranged from 6 to 7, and REBA scores ranged from 8 to 9. These scores

indicated that workers performed repetitive movements and static muscle contractions, and lifting postures were not within suitable ranges of motion. Therefore, there was a need for immediate

improvement to reduce the levels of exposure to risk factors in manual lifting. The estimated compressive force and moment at the lower back based upon biomechanical model were below the 1991 NIOSH

criterion level. This implied that the demand of lifting tasks (external forces and moments) was within the

range of strength capabilities of workers.

Keywords: Lifting, Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Static

Biomechanical Model, Improvement

1.

2554

1 3

35,709 (14.01%)

91,699 (43.88%) 34,518 (16.0%)

666 3 137

3 527

129,632 ( , 2554)

57.57%

33.45%

2554

. . 2556 16-18 2556

(Rapid Upper

Limb Assessment: RULA), (Rapid Entire Body Assessment: REBA)

(Static Biomechanics Model)

2.

(Physical Ergonomics Assessment) 3

(Rapid Upper Limb Assessment: RULA)

(Rapid Entire Body Assessment: REBA) (Static

Biomechanics Model)

[2] [3]

2.1

2.2

2.3

2

[1]

. . 2556 16-18 2556

3.

3.1

3.1.1

3.1.2 3.1.3

3.1.4 L5/S1

3.1.5

4.

4.1

4.1.1

A

- 1 20 - 45 3

+1 4 ( )

- 2 0 60 2

+1 3 ( )

- 3

15 3 - 4

1 - 5 4

2 4

1 step 5 6 - 6 0

1

4 - 7 +1

10 - 8 6 5

5 6 0 7 1

6

C B

- 9 20

3

- 10 20 3

- 11 1

- 12 9 3 3

1 B 4

- 13

1 4

- 14 2 10 1

- 15 12

B 13 14

C - 16 12 4

13 0 A 6 B

6 C (Final Score) 6

. . 2556 16-18 2556

4.2

4.2.1

- 1 20 2

2

- 2 20 - 60

4 4 - 3

1 1 - 4 1

2 2 4

3 1 A 6

- 5 4 - 10 1

- 6 4

6 5 0 6

C

- 7 20 - 45 2 (

) - 8 0 - 60

2 ( )

- 9 15 2

2

( ) - 10 7

2 8 2 9

2 B 3 - 11

0

- 12 10

3 11 0 8

C - 13 1

( 4 )

1

- 14 6 6 12

5 Table C 8 - 15 C 6

13 5 11

4.3

L5/S1

5.

3

(P-value

. . 2556 16-18 2556

(P-value