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AW101 OSHA
Mohd Aidil (F1023)
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ERGONOMICS IN OSHA
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HISTORY OF ERGONOMICS
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Background
Ergonomics derives from two greek words : ergon,meaning work, and nomos, meaning natural laws.Combined they create a word that means the scienceof work and a person relationship to that work.
In application ergonomics is a disicpline focused onmaking aproducts and tasks comfortable and effiecientfor the user.
Ergonomics is sometimes defined as the science of thefitting the work to the user insstead of forcing the userto fit the work. However this is more a primaryergonomic principle rather than a definition.
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Definition
Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientificdisipline concerned with the understading ofinteractions among humans and other elementsof a system, and the profession that applies
theory, principles, data and methods to design inorder to optimize human weel-being and overallsystem performance
Ergonomics is defined as the science related to
man and his work, embodying the anatomic,physiologicc, and mechanical principles affectingthe efficient use of human energy.
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History
The term ergonomics has its roots in
Ramanzzanis study on ill-effect of poorly
design tools on health of worker in the 1700s.
1949, The term ergonomics was adopted at
national ergonomics society in England was
founded.
1961, International Ergonomics Association
was founded.
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World War II in 1943, an Army officer,
Alphonse Chapanis, learned that if the control
layouts in the cockpits of planes were
simplified, the pilots made fewer errors
After World War II, ergonomics not only in
productivity, but also the safety of the
workers.
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Research take placce in various areas:
The affect of heavy lavor on the heart,
maximum loads that should be pulled, pushed
or carried
The amount of muscle force that should be
required to perform.
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Statutory Requirements
Statutory requirements reated to ergonomics in OSHA 1994:
Part IV-General Duties of employers And Self-EmployedPersons
Section
15. General duties of employers and self-employed persons totheir employees
16. Duty to fomulate safety and gelath policy
17. General duties of employers and self-employed persons topersons other than their employees
18. Duties of an occupier of a place of work to persons otherthan his employees
19. Penalty for an offence under section 15, 16, 17, or 18
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Part V-General Duties Of Designers,
Manufactures and Supplier
Section
20. General duties of manufactures, etc as
regards plant for use at work
21. General duties of manufacturers, etc asregards substances for use at work
22. Explanations to sections 20 and 21
23. Penalty for an offence under section 20 or
21
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Part VI-General Duties Of Employees
Section
24. General duties of employees at work
25. Duty no to interfere or misuse things
provided pursuant to certtain provisions
26. Duty not to chees for things done or charge
employees for things done or provided
27. Discrimination against employee
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Objective Of Ergonomics
Methods to do things quicker, more efficiently
and at the same time, reduce as much
physical and emotional stress as possible.
The less strain we feel on our bodies, the
easier for us to do the tasks.
Able to do more work, accomplished in the
same amount of time.
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Approuch used to obtain an effective match
between worker and work system to optimize:
Efficiency
Quality
Safety
Health
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Seatinng & Standing Position
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THE END