Eric HofferSocial Philosopher

1902-1983

In times of change, learners inherit the earth, while the learned find themselves beautifully equipped to deal with a world that no longer exists.

1902-1983

Goethe: “ Freuet euch des wahren Scheins,/

Euch des ernsten Spieles:/ Kein Lebendiges ist ein Eins,/ Immer ist’s ein Vieles.“

(“Joy in true semblance take in any/ Earnest play:/ No living thing is one, I say/ But always Many.” – trans. by Christopher Middleton).

Values change

Source: Ronald Inglehart and Christian Welzel, Modernization, Cultural Change and Democracy. New York, Cambridge University Press, 2005: p. 64

Materialism Post-materialism

Conservatism Liberalism

Kant’s metaphysics

Terminal values

Instrumental values

Substitutable values

Unique values

Rokeach values survey

”By the sweat of your face you shall eat bread, till you return to the ground, for out of it you were taken.”

A job is just a way of earning money

A job is a duty

A job is a pleasure

Work-related values

Internal vs. External career

Career anchors (Schein, 1993)

ManagerialCompetence Technical/

FunctionalCompetence

Creativity

Lifestyle

Security/Stability Autonomy andIndependence

Service Pure challenge

* This statistic and following are excerpted from The SOROS foundation study on Work-related attitudes in Romania, December 2008

Workplace characteristics - Romania

Workplace characteristics – Romania vs. rest of the world

Workplace characteristics

Organizational committment

Individualism/ colectivism