Eric Nelson - Understanding WCF and WF

8/3/2019 Eric Nelson - Understanding WCF and WF

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Understanding WindowsCommunication FoundationandWorkflow Foundation

Eric Nelson [email protected] Architect

Microsoft Ltd

http://blogs.msdn.com/ericnel
mailto:[email protected]://blogs.msdn.com/ericnelhttp://blogs.msdn.com/ericnelmailto:[email protected]


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Windows Communication

Foundation


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Agenda

Basic Principles of WCFCreating a Service


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Client Service

Clients and Services


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Client Service

Endpoints

EndpointEndpoint

Endpoint

Endpoint


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Client Service

Address, Binding, Contract

CBA

CBA

CBA

ABC

AddressWhere?

ContractWhat?

BindingHow?


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Client Service

Behaviors

CBA

CBA

CBA

ABC

B BB


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SelectingAddress Binding BehaviorContract

HTTPTransport

TCP

Transport

NamedPipeTransport

MSMQTransport

CustomTransport

WS-SecurityProtocol

WS-RMProtocol

WS-CoordProtocol

DuplexChannel

CustomProtocol

http://...

net.tcp://...

net.pipe://...

net.msmq://...

xxx://...

Throttling

Behavior

MetadataBehavior

ErrorBehavior

CustomBehavior

InstancingBehavior

ConcurrencyBehavior

TransactionBehavior

SecurityBehavior

Request/Response

One-Way

Duplex

net.p2p://...Peer

Transport

Externally visible,per-endpoint

Opaque, per-service,endpoint, or operation


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Creating a Service

1. Define Whatto Expose (Contract)2. Implement Contract

3. Define Endpoint(s)

1. Define Howto Expose (Binding)

2. Define Whereto Expose (Address)

4. Host & Run Service


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ContractsA Service is a CLR Class that Implements

One or More Service Contracts[DataContract]public class OrderDetail

{ [DataMember]public string ItemName { get; set; }[DataMember]public Guid ItemId { get; set; }[DataMember]public double ItemPrice { get; set; }

}

[ServiceContract]public interface IOrderProcessingService

{

[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]void ProcessOrder(OrderDetail detail);

}

class OrderProcessingService : IOrderProcessingService{

public void ProcessOrder(OrderDetail detail) { ... }}


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Encoding

Text, Binary, MTOM, Custom

Transport SelectionTCP, HTTP, Named Pipes, Peer Channel, MSMQ, Custom

End-to-End SecurityConfidentiality, Integrity, AuthN, AuthZ, Federation & Infocard

X.509, Username/Password, Kerberos, SAML, XrML, Custom

End-to-End Reliable MessagingTransport-Independent QoS (In-Order / Exactly-Once)

Volatile and Durable Queues for AvailabilityTransactions

Shared Transactions for Synchronous Operations

Transactional Queues for Asynchronous Operations

Binding


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Addresseshttp://microsoft.com:80/OrderService/WS

https://microsoft.com:443/OrderService/BP

net.tcp://microsoft.com:808/OrderService/TCP

net.pipe://microsoft.com/OrderService/NP

Scheme http, https, net.tcp, net.pipeHost Name microsoft.com

Port (Optional) * 80, 443, 808

Base Path /OrderService/Endpoint Address WS, BP, TCP, NP

* - Port Does Not Apply to Named Pipes


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Hosting

ServiceHost allows for hosting anywhere

Console applications

Windows applications

Windows services

IIS provides an enterprise class hostingenvironment

Edit a .svc file and point at your service

HTTP transport in IIS 6.0

All transports in IIS 7.0 (Windows Activation

Service)


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ServiceHost

Allows a WCF Service to be Hosted in AnyAppDomain

EXE, NT Service, WinForms, Avalon, etc.

public static void Main(string[] args){

ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(OrderProcessingService);

host.BaseAddresses.Add(new Uri(http://localhost/OrderService/));

host.Open();}


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Windows Communication

Foundation


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Windows Workflow

Foundation


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Agenda

Introduction to Windows WorkflowFoundation

Workflow basics

Activities basics


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Windows Workflow Foundation

Key Concepts

Host Process

WindowsWorkflow Foundation

Runtime Engine

A Workflow

An Activity

Runtime Services

Base Activity Library

Custom Activity Library

Visual Designer

Visual Designer: Graphical and code-based construction

Workflows are a set of ActivitiesWorkflows run within a HostProcess: any application or serverDevelopers can build their ownCustom Activity Libraries

Components

Base Activity Library: Out-of-boxactivities and base for custom activities

Runtime Engine: Workflow execution

and state managementRuntime Services: Hosting flexibilityand communication


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Workflow BasicsA workflow is a class

A workflow class may be defined in markup

using System.Workflow.Activities;

public class Workflow1 : SequentialWorkflow

{

}


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Workflow BasicsWorkflow constructor configures containedactivities (like forms & controls)

using System.Workflow.Activities;

public partial class Workflow1 : SequentialWorkflow {

public Workflow1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

}

public sealed partial class Workflow1 : SequentialWorkflow {

private Delay delay1;

private void InitializeComponent()

{

this.delay1 = new System.Workflow.Activities.Delay();this.delay1.ID = delay1";

this.delay1.TimeoutDuration =

System.TimeSpan.Parse("00:00:05");

this.Activities.Add(this.delay1);

this.ID = "Workflow1";

}}


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Workflow Authoring Modes

.NET assemblyctor defines

workflow

Markup Only

Declarative

XAML

Markup and

Code

C#/VB

Code Only Application

Generated

XAML C#/VB

XML defines

workflow structurelogic and data flow

XML definesworkflow Code-besidedefines extra logic

Code createsworkflow

in constructor XAML C#/VB

App creates activitytree and serializes

Workflow Compilerwfc.exe

C#/VB Compiler


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Workflows


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Activity BasicsAn activity is a step in a workflow

Unit of execution, re-use and compositionThink of Forms & Controls

Activity == Controls

Workflows == Forms

Activities fall under two broad categoriesBasicsteps that do work

Composite manage a set of child activities

Activities are classesHave propertiesandevents that are programmablewithin your workflow code

Have methods (e.g. Execute) that are only invoked bythe workflow runtime

E l A S dM il A i i


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Example: A SendMail Activityusing System.Workflow.ComponentModel;

public partial class SendMail : System.Workflow.ComponentModel.Activity

{public SendMail() { InitializeComponent(); }

protected override Status Execute(ActivityExecutionContext context)

{

// my logic here to send the email

return Status.Closed;

}}

public partial class SendMail

{

public string subject;

public string Subject { get { return subject; }

set { this.subject = value; } }private void InitializeComponent() // designer generated

{

this.ID = "SendMail";

}

}


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Activities: An Extensible Approach

OOB activities,workflow types,base typesGeneral-purposeActivity librariesdefine workflow

constructs

Create/Extend/ComposeactivitiesApp-specificbuilding blocksFirst-class

citizens

Base Activity

Library

Custom Activity

Libraries

Author newactivity

Out-of-BoxActivities

Extendactivity

Composeactivities

Vertical-specificactivities &workflowsBest-practice IP &Knowledge

Domain-SpecificWorkflowPackages

Compliance

RosettaNet

CRM

IT Mgmt


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Combining WCF and WWF


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Coordinating Services

Workflows are an excellent way to coordinate work across multipleservices

Service interaction is modeled using activities in a workflow

Service interaction can be visualized

Data can be flowed from one activity and service to another

Workflows simplify asynchronous service calls and complex messageexchange patterns

Parallel execution, delays, time-outs, etc.

Service interaction can easily be modified and dynamically changed

Coordinating Services

Message

Message


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Implementing Servicesusing Workflow

Challenges developing services todayServices are often used together as part of a business process, but are not explicitlyassociated

Services often front-end, long-running business processes

Workflows are an excellent way to implement the logic behind servicesState management across multiple service interactions

Services are associated together in a workflow modelImplementation of services can be transparent

Enables visibility into the state of the service

Configurable runtime behaviorTracking, persistence, transactions, threading, etc.

Workflows exposedthrough services

Message


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The Workflow/ServiceEcosystem

Solutions will often combine bothapproaches

Workflow

Message

Message

Message


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Call To Action

WCF is no brainer for future connectivityUse it

Dont necessarily need to port to it

Use WF

Build workflow into your applications

Make you applications more flexible and configurable

Build workflow enabled servers for other developers totarget

Build custom activity libraries for others to re-use

Build solutions on top of workflow enabled productslike Office 12


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Resources

MSDN

http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/indigo/http://msdn.microsoft.com/workflow

Community Site

http://www.windowsworkflow.net

http://www.windowscommunication.netSubscribe to the RSS feed for news &updates

Find, download, & register Activities

Find blogs, screencasts, whitepapers, andother resources

Download samples, tools, and runtime

service components

ForumsAsk questions in the forumshttp://www.WindowsWorkflow.net/Forums

http://www.windowscommunication.net/Forums
http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/indigo/http://msdn.microsoft.com/workflowhttp://www.windowsworkflow.net/http://www.windowscommunication.net/http://www.windowsworkflow.net/Forumshttp://www.windowscommunication.net/Forumshttp://www.windowscommunication.net/Forumshttp://www.windowsworkflow.net/Forumshttp://www.windowscommunication.net/http://www.windowsworkflow.net/http://msdn.microsoft.com/workflowhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/indigo/


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Wrap Up

Exploring WinFX and VistaGetting help from Microsoft


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Exploring WinFX and Vista

WinFX works on both Windows XP and VistaBoth are Beta!

Currently at February CTP of each

A CTP is not a Beta

January CTP of WinFX is Beta 2 of WCF andWF can go-live on it

WinFX public download

Vista MSDN Subscribers

http://blogs.msdn.com/ericnel

http://blogs.msdn.com/ericnel/articles/545219.aspx
http://blogs.msdn.com/ericnelhttp://blogs.msdn.com/ericnel/articles/545219.aspxhttp://blogs.msdn.com/ericnel/articles/545219.aspxhttp://blogs.msdn.com/ericnel


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Early Adoption Assistance

Open to managed ISVsISV Certified or PAM/TPAM managed

Commit to develop on the Betas

Technical Benefits20 hours of support

Class room based training (3 day)

Opportunities to attend 2 day labs (most active)

Other

Interested contact your PAM/TPAM

If no PAM/TPAM and certified, [email protected] and

[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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WCF Code Migration


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using System.Web.Services;public class AccountingOperation{ public string AccountName;public long Amount;}

public class Accounting{

[WebMethod(TransactionOption=TransactionOption.RequiresNew)]public int AddEntry(AccountingOperation debit,AccountingOperation credit){ // Add entry to internal accounting book// return id.}}

using System.ServiceModel;

[ServiceContract(FormatMode=ContractFormatMode.XmlSerializer)]

[OperationContract][OperationBehavior(AutoEnlistTransaction=true)]

//

//

ASMX to WCF


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public class Accounting : ServicedComponent{

public void AddCreditEntry(string creditAccount, int creditAmount){}}

using System.EnterpriseServices;[ComponentAccessControl][SecureMethod][Transaction(TransactionOption.Required)]

[SecurityRole("Manager")]


[ServiceContract]

[OperationContract][OperationBehavior(AutoEnlistTransaction=true)][PrincipalPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, Role="Managers")]

//

//////

//

Enterprise Services to WCF


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using Microsoft.Web.Services3;

[WebService]class HelloWorld{

[WebMethod]public string Hello (string text){

MessageSignature signature = (MessageSignature)RequestSoapContext.Current.Security.Elements[0];if (!signature.SigningToken.Principal.IsInRole("BUILTIN\Administrators"))throw new AuthorizationException("Access denied");return String.Format("Hello, {0}", text);

}}

[OperationContract][PrincipalPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, null,"BUILTIN\Administrators")]

using System.ServiceModel;[ServiceContract]

////

//

//////////

WSE to WCF


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class MyQService{ public void ReceiveOrders(){ MessageQueue Queue = new MessageQueue(@".\private$\Books");XmlMessageFormatter formatter = new XmlMessageFormatter(new Type[] { typeof(System.Data.DataSet)});Queue.Formatter = formatter;System.Messaging.Message msg = null;while((msg= Queue.Receive()) != null){DataSet booklist = (DataSet) msg.Body;ProcessOrders(booklist);}}

Public void ProcessOrder(DataSet BookList) { ... }}

using System.Messaging;using System.ServiceModel;[ServiceContract]

[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]

//

//

////////////////

////

//

System.Messaging to WCF


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using System.Runtime.Remoting;[Serializable]public class AccountingOperation{ public string AccountName;

public long Amount;}public class Accounting{

public int AddEntry(AccountingOperation debit,AccountingOperation credit){ // Add entry to internal accounting book// return id.}}


[ServiceContract]

[OperationContract]: MarshalByRefObject

//

//

.NET Remoting to WCF

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Eric Nelson - Understanding WCF and WF

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