PROJECT REPORT DEMOLA | www.demola.net A CONNECTED DAY IN THE LIFE OF A NETWORKED SOCIETY Robert Stanescu, Malmö Högskola, ab1793 Paul Mallon, Kristianstad Högskola, PAMA0021 Philip Persson, Malmö Högskola, m11p2193 Safwath Tasnia Priyanka, Kristianstad Högskola Project Partner: Ericsson Responsible Teacher: Daniel Spikol Responsible Teacher: Daniel Einarson Facilitator: Henrik Lundblad Project report version: Final Date: 07.02.2014 Page 1 of 28
Transcript
PROJECT REPORT DEMOLA | www.demola.net
A CONNECTED DAY IN THE LIFE OF A NETWORKED SOCIETYRobert Stanescu, Malmö Högskola, ab1793
Paul Mallon, Kristianstad Högskola, PAMA0021
Philip Persson, Malmö Högskola, m11p2193
Safwath Tasnia Priyanka, Kristianstad Högskola
Project Partner: Ericsson
Responsible Teacher: Daniel Spikol
Responsible Teacher: Daniel Einarson
Facilitator: Henrik Lundblad
Project report version: Final
Date: 07.02.2014
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1 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Table of contents.........................................................................................................................................2
3 Defining the problem..................................................................................................................................3
3.1 The Challenge.....................................................................................................................................3
3.2 Meeting with Ericsson:.......................................................................................................................4
3.3 Seeing the Problem.............................................................................................................................5
Connection is all around us, whether you see it, or not. People are connecting, devices are connecting.
We now stand on the brink of fundamental innovation opportunities across industries, public services and in private life. We are moving from an information society to a Networked Society, where the primary concern is not having access to information, but what benefit you get out of it.
It took 100 years to connect 1 billion places and 25 years to connect 5 billion people. The next step is connecting things. We envision 50 billion connected devices as a starting point for new ways of innovation, collaboration, and socialization. The result will be simplified processes, higher productivity, real-time information, allowing quicker, more informed decision-making or problem solving, and monitoring.
The Networked Society changes the logic of how society works. And we should shape our decisions around that. The ICT industry can help address our world’s major concerns such as climate change, health care, education, and more [1].
Our project is based on a challenge provided by Ericsson, to imagine “A connected day in the life of a Networked Society”. We should examine many different ideas, concepts and use cases for an imaginary personal device that is used to improve our daily lives in a Networked Society.
No one knows how this Networked Society will develop, and technology can be used for bad or good; how events turn out is often based on expectations so visualizing the future and pushing a balanced but optimistic view of the future is a good strategy.
The ultimate goal is to make technology work for us in a non-obtrusive way, best defined by Gehm’s Corollary to Clarke’s Third Law:
“Any technology distinguishable from magic is insufficiently advanced”.
We can describe these ideas with simulations using mobile phones, tablets, computers or other electronic devices.
3 DEFINING THE PROBLEM
3.1 THE CHALLENGE
The challenge presented by Ericsson was very open ended. Ericsson asked us to imagine what problems/itches/needs may arise in the context of a connected society. There was no time limit specified, as in, the scenarios could take place in 10 years or a hundred.
As this brief was so wide, we had to find an efficient way to brainstorm quickly; in the end we decide to use an approach called The Future Technology Workshop method [2] which proved to be a very effective way to work.
We had a number of brain storming sessions to generate ideas, visions of what a connected society might look like. These ideas were very wide ranging. Our first concepts included:
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1. SMART WALLS: Glass walls that could become opaque and used as screens; they also had the property of being able to generate texture. This allows the user to define a room in its totality, imagine being able to ‘move’ windows to any position you liked, or change the wall paper in both colour and texture at the press of a button. The building blocks for this type of technology are already under development (e.g. Microsoft Surface, Tactus Technology, M-Blocks), so this idea is not as farfetched as it might seem.
2. SMART TEXTILES:This concept involved textiles that could monitor the wearer’s state and adjust themselves if required, for example, become more breathable if the wearer was too warm, become waterproof if it starts raining and to help monitor and adjust to calm the wearer if they were in anxious or stressful situations. Other concepts included adjusting colours according to the wearers’ preferences or mood.
3. EMBEDDED CHIP:An embedded chip that is controllable by the owner to allow them to improve their lives. For example, if the owner was a smoker and wanted to give up smoking, they could set the chip to give them an ‘uneasy’ feeling should they try to buy a packet of cigarettes. This chip could make you feel better at the thought of exercising, or doing other tasks that are beneficial, but many people avoid. There are however, serious ethical issues to consider with this type of technology.
3.2 MEETING WITH ERICSSON:
It is worth noting that three of our team of five had left the group before we even started brainstorming. We managed to find two new members just as we finished brainstorming these ideas.
After meeting with Ericsson to discuss these concepts it became apparent that we were thinking way too far into the future, and we needed more concrete ideas that were more achievable in a nearer, rather than farther timeframe.
As we now had additional group members, the team dynamic changed a little; so we decided to have some additional brainstorming sessions in order to get the team on the same page and see what we could come up with. Some additional ideas we added to our scenarios were as follows:
4. SMART ID:This concept is a smart ID that handles all the owners ID requirements automatically in a way that allows the owner to use public transport, attend the cinema, or go to a restaurant without having to queue. Integrating with other systems at these types of establishments the ID would provide verification of the owners’ identity and handle transactions if required. A key point of this is that all the owners’ personal data would remain on the Smart ID, removing the need for 3rd parties to retain information relating to that person, beyond something like an account number for example.
5. POWER SHARING:This concept involved allowing devices to share power between each other. The idea being that if you have multiple devices (a phone, a laptop, etc.) and the battery is running low on one of them, then the other devices should be able to share their power with that device.
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6. VR PICTURE / RECORDING:This concept is for a specific device that allows the user to take virtual reality pictures or films, similar to a camera, and view them in a Virtual Reality world. The device both captures and plays the VR images.
Scenarios for all these concepts are provided in Appendix 2.
3.3 SEEING THE PROBLEM
After presenting these ideas to Ericsson we had another meeting and brainstorming session to discuss the ideas and concepts. There were various reasons why these some of these technologies could not be implemented, one notable reason was with the power sharing idea, in that the amount of energy required to wirelessly transfer power over any meaningful distance would qualify as radiation, and thus end up causing harm to people. Ericsson pointed out that there was a common theme between everything we had discussed; they also made the point that we were focusing on this task from the view point of an individual using the technology and perhaps we should look at it from a wider vantage point. This resulted in the biggest pivot of our ideas so far.
Given the ultimate goal Ericsson gave, as described in the brief, the challenge to make technology work for us in a non-obtrusive way, it occurred to us that in order for this to happen our devices must be able to communicate with each other with as little intervention from the users as possible. This means they should be able to establish networks, check each other to see what services are available and integrate those services into each other’s world if need be, automatically.
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In order to look more closely at this problem, and noticing the lack of a existing protocol/system that can work directly between devices, that is not automatically driven and an open system, we did some research on the types of networks available and how they connect or what protocols they use.
The two main contenders were WIFI and Low Energy Bluetooth; but because of the lower throughput of Low Energy Bluetooth we have been spending more time on the WIFI aspect. However, it is a safe assumption that any protocol solution will probably need to utilize both these technologies in order to both allow connection of simpler devices, where WIFI is too costly an option, and facilitate high data transfer rates between devices, where Bluetooth isn’t a viable option. Since the idea emerged, few challenges came through:
1.Reading data from sensors and data-mining to server for post processing that would be linked to database. For further security tracking & keep recordes of all the activites (acces tokens, datamining from motion sensors, etc.).
2.Enabling users to use the phone/device in physical interaction with the environment to access various services for authencity & secured communication, where every device can actually talk with each other.
3. Network latency. Some network communication can be delayed due to low bandwidth or poor connection, or traffic jam due to broadcast traffic (when number of concurrent users becomes 50 or more).
4 SOLUTION
4.1 APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM
We have used Trello as our project management tool. Since all of us had exams at different periods of time, it was fairly difficult to meet. The simplest way for us to work together was to create a notice board where tasks can be posted, and then everyone in the group can take tasks and work on them. Ideally, the process would be like this:
General questions are broken down into a number of distinct, easy to manage tasks and a card for each task is added to the’ To Do’ list on Trello, describing what needs to be done
Everyone takes a task of their own choice to work on. If it still seems too big it can be broken down further into smaller tasks and those can be added to the ‘To Do’ list as well.
Once the task is completed, the results are uploaded to the task card and the card is moved to the ‘Done’ list. This allows for everyone to look at the research and keep up to speed with the progress.
If the completion of a task results in another task, then that should be added to the board. It is also possible that the completion of a task might make other tasks redundant and so those tasks should be removed from the board
Once we have a better picture of how to approach the solution, we can start the process of building the protocol and prototypes, by using a similar method.
The above method allows us to work easily when we’re not together and it keeps everyone in the loop.
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4.2 SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM
DEMOWe intend to build two prototypes for our demo, a functional prototype to show how the protocol might work, and a video prototype to show how it might look to the end user.
The functional prototype will be built in Processing and will show the interactions between various devices. It may include information relating to how the protocol works, what information is retained by devices, how connections look between devices. Below are some early screenshots of what the functional prototype might look like:
The video prototype is build of editing software such as Adobe Premier Pro and After Effects, and shows scenarios of how a connected day in the life of a networked society might be. Below is a still from a test scene for the video prototype showing a user interacting with a connected interactive surface:
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TECHNICAL REPORTThe devices that will have our protocol implemented, will work in a way that when a device is in a need of information it will broadcast a request. Other devices that exist in the range of the broadcasting device will be in standby mode and when the broadcasting signal reaches this standby device, it will start up and send back information. In this way devices wont be broadcasting continuously and therefore save energy. The information is sent as a JSON file, which will describe what kind of device it is and what it can offer. The broadcasting occurs through a similar Wi-Fi technology. To attract companies that are not fond of sharing functions or data to other companies’ devices, there will be opportunities to make certain decisions (specific functions/data can only be shared to a specific device) but there will be some mandatory sharing elements such as identification of the device.
Most of the smart devices today have Bluetooth build in (phone, laptop, tablet etc.). Prices of smart devices are getting cheaper and processor power is increasing by the day.
We are going to use an Arduino as a micro-controller which supports various technologies like XBee, WiFi, Bluetooth, GSM. The Android device will first pair with the Bluetooth-enabled micro-controller in order to receive and send data. This enables transferring data between devices remotely. Thus gives the access to control the connected sensors remotely.
In a network society sensors will be everywhere. Based on our prototype, received data can be saved in smart devices for further processing. Smart devices can also send the receive data to and from a remote server, in order to access the data from anywhere on the globe. By doing so, we can not only monitor the device states but we can also control the device’s functionalities.
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Figure: Information Process Cycle
5 USEFULNESS OF THE SOLUTION, EFFICIENCY AND USABILITY
The main benefit of our solution is that it is not a closed system for data/functions to be shared between devices and that it does not need any Internet to work, as the data/functions can be exchanged directly between devices. The exchanging of data/functions will be handled by the devices themselves and therefore it will be automatic. There will be no need of a main or unified interface, so the devices can have their own.
Quantitative approach can be done with NFC (Near Field communication) technology to satisfying that need
1. NFC supports a low-speed connection with extremely simple setup, it can be used to bootstrap more capable wireless connections (Bluetooth & WiFi connections).
2. Corporate security. It is possible to keep records of all the activities of person in industrial section (e.g. access tokens, data receive from motion sensors.etc)
3. Health care. PatientID+ unites all that info and stores it in one place
4. NFC data loggers. Shippers can make sure having good temperature sensitive so that pharmaceuticals and medical specimens don't spoil and chemicals don't start any unwanted reactions
5. Bus ticket. Ticket inspectors of public transport operators can check to read passengers' transport tickets
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6 PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND WORKFLOW
We had a lot of issues with our group. Particularly in the beginning when three of our members quit. This put a lot of pressure on Robert and Paul, and we missed a lot of team building opportunities as a result. On top of that, some really strange students decided it was OK to lie to Demola about group members (and to group members about Demola) in order to get onto our team, resulting in not a pleasant week.
The biggest problem with this challenge was understanding what was required from us. Every other group had a definite problem to solve, but our task was very vague and open ended.
Robert
Communication has been lacking, especially between team members. Personally, I conducted a few idea generation workshops at the beginning and I posted once on the blog. Then I started working on the video prototype, doing some draft testing to see if what I have planned in my mind is doable. The actual footage was shot in one day, followed by 10 days of full-time work on editing.
Paul
Communications could have been better all round. Ericsson were very helpful with meeting us and answering questions, as were Demola, but communication within the group could have been a lot better. I also felt communication from teachers could have been better too, I understood very little about what my exact requirements were in order to get credits until a number of weeks into the course.
I found as a group we have been inconsistent with our communication methods. Some of use asked questions on Trello and got answers by email, and the other way around too. This leads to bad organization and fragmentation of the data and processes. When working on future projects I will try to ensure consistency of communications channels. It’s very hard to organize meetings when people are using with two or three different mediums at the same time to communicate.
We as a group never defined how we would operate on paper. I would definitely try to ensure everything is agreed in principle and in writing in the beginning so it can easily be queried and adjusted if necessary. Even now, we still haven’t signed the agreement. Documentation has been very sloppy on our end. Verbal commitments aren’t much use in a project like this and it just makes sense to ensure everything is on paper, for everyone’s benefit.
I committed to 10 hours a week at the beginning of this project and I believe I have stuck to that commitment, with the exception of one week where I had exams, but I have easily made up the difference after that week.
I have attended all the seminars and workshops and I have found them very useful and good fun.
I particularly enjoyed the open day / workshop where the groups helped each other out; I think you should have more of this for the next Demola project. It’s good to get involved with the other groups, it’s a great way to network and you can find others come up with surprising solutions to your problems.
I have posted a lot of the blog posts, and I am currently working on defining the protocol and designing the functional prototype using paper prototyping, UML diagrams and Processing/Java.
Priyanka
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Project Members: Communication was pretty much good. Four of us most of time did not agree with same issues & sometimes conflicts with arguing. However we always ended up in one concrete decision by convincing each other.
Project Partner: At the beginning it seems quite healthy communication but we always some concrete opinion from them about the ideas or concepts we were bringing. But after the interaction with them each time it made me little confused about if we are on the right track or not.
Teacher: Communication is really good. As we only have to get in touch frequently through emails for any kind of suggestion /query.
Demola: Communication with Demola responsible people is really, really good. Because most of time we arranged our internal meetings in Demola’s office where we can always ask them if we need to know something. Moreover, the Facebook Demola group is also very active. Sometimes we get a response in a couple of minutes.
How did you work, how would you improve your methods in a future project? What would you do differently?
During attending the brainstorming session I tried to share every possible idea came up my mind. I try to understand my co-members sincerely about their opinions on various aspects that make me learn in every meeting something new & different as well.
I want to share programming knowledge & management experience in future project also try to grab every possible good way of learning new things .
What was your accomplished schedule of the project? What has been done (documents, pitches, workshops, etc.)?
1. Through brain-storming session for last 1.5month I actually learned & experienced a lot.
2. Four workshops have been attended where I acknowledged different opinions & values from different people / organizations.
3. The mid-pitch was a great achievement as we get a lot of positive/arguing feedback that makes us more confident to stick with the ideas, expand & implement it to go next stage.
4. Approximately through 10 internal meetings we have come up with a concrete idea that is trying to demonstrate now.
Risk management: have any problem/issues arisen during your work and how did you overcome them?
Problem 1: There are already smart phones on the market with NFC chips that will let people purchase items just by holding phone close to a receiver at a cash register. There goes the need for carrying credit cards. Also in USA Bus operators are using NFC chips to check tickets & researches are already on-going on few companies for controlling the car parking system.
Opinion confliction - It’s hard to agree sometimes with each other's opinion on different issues on project when it comes to making some good decision.
Overcome - Until we all convince to one thing we never stop convincing to others.
Problem 2: Miscommunication - We argue a lot on fixing place for meeting as we all want to have the nearest city from home sometimes. It creates fuzzy about the decision.
Overcome- We try to fix this issue few days before meeting not few minutes before.
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(October/November brainstorming implemented hour) 5 h/week in total it should be more than 126 hr/project.
Philip
Due to I missed the start and that I sort of jumped in late I had a hard time getting the intensions of what Ericsson was seeking for and also if Demola required any thing special. Because of this I relied too much on the other team members. The communication between our group hasn’t been that great. First, I used an email that is not a mail I have connected to my phone, which resulted in missing notifications when I have received new mails. Secondly, The way we have been communicating hasn’t been a way that I am used to and fond of using when doing projects and also it has been spread out over different tools, mainly mail and Trello. The communication with Ericsson has been ambitious, although the mission should maybe have been more concrete. The teachers from Demola have been helpful.I think if I had been there from the start it wouldn’t have looked the same, especially the communication between the group members. Regarding the methods for our project I think it was fitting well in regards to our final result (brainstorming and prototypes). It should maybe be more evenly distributed between our members but then it’s about subjects that are hard to share working tasks, specifically with the prototypes (with my knowledge). In the meantime I did the Demola project I executed an internship and I thought that I at least would spend at least 2 hours/week but I think I ended up in about 5 hours/week. It would have been more if the work with the prototypes would have been more evenly spread out. I personally don’t know so much about the technical aspect of our project, when it comes to the protocol. To overcome that problem I did some research but mainly I was lucky to have group members to have that knowledge or at least the understanding of the requirements it takes. Another problem was that we were struggling with what Ericsson was seeking for which we solved by meeting up and discussed, even though everyone couldn’t attend. I think it was very important that we met in person.
7 PROJECT PLANNING AND EXECUTION
Our project plan was a good one, the brainstorming sessions worked well, and Trello is a good place to keep things centralized and manage things from. However we fell down with formalizing the process and sticking to it. There was a lack of initiative from group members in some areas and this lead to a breakdown in workflow. For some reason we had a lot of difficulty agreeing to times to meet, and we should have planned better to overcome this problem. As we spent so much time organizing the group and brain storming, we didn’t have that much time to spend on our prototypes as we would have preferred.
8 DEVELOPMENT IDEAS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR EXECUTION
As our solution is a protocol, it would be best to work together on the semantics of its implementation, as a group with Ericsson. Once we have that, we can use Agile methods like Extreme Programming or SCRUM to develop prototypes of the protocol. Given the nature of the solution, Extreme Programming is probably the better option, implementing and testing one feature at a time, improving the protocol with every iteration. It might be worthwhile to use Git or some other form of version control to allow us to work freely on the prototype without the worry of losing good code and having to spend a lot of time refactoring. Using a Git repository would mean everyone would have easy access to the prototype software. It might even make sense to use Git for the video prototype too.
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In terms of co-creation methods, both Ericsson and Demola have participated in brainstorming sessions with us, which was in some ways helpful, but not always. Ericsson have also provided us with advice when we have had questions about specific technologies and Demola have put us in touch with other experts in the field when we needed help.
9 LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Robert
My goals for this project were to work with a different team than I’m used to, outside of my usual classroom, also to work with a company on a real-life case and to further improve my skills in software project development. I also planned to improve my capability of creating videos with CGI.
Paul
My goal during the Demola project is to meet with interesting like-minded individuals from diverse backgrounds and develop good working relationships for the future. I am very keen to use Agile development methods to solve our problem and expect lots of excellent advice and interesting viewpoints from industry professionals. The prospect of working with Ericsson is very exciting.
I would like to learn as much as possible about entrepreneurship and starting your own business too; I expect to gain a good knowledge of the types of support that’s available for new businesses in Sweden as well as learning how to develop a basic idea into a viable business.
Philip
For me as an interaction designer it is very useful to get experience working with other people to help prepare me for my future work. My way of working will more than likely involve working with other people and especially with developers.
From what I have seen there are very few positions available for interaction designers, so if I can get a good result from this project it would be very valuable later on when I am applying for jobs.
Priyanka
Initially I was confused, I genuinely felt that I had no idea where to start .With each meeting our strengths and weaknesses were revealed. Conflicts, as a result became inevitable as suggestions were exchanged deciding on an improved way forward, this was an important part of the process as we strived to gain our responsible company’s satisfaction. What I can take from this, is that projects are learning curves that can guide me towards my goal provided I have the correct attitude and discipline.
What I personally “LEARN” from this project was the importance of good organisational skills and an appointed leader. Spending greater time to deliberate with a group, rather than make unnecessary impulsive decisions would have saved invaluable time. I learned from other people working on same or different fields & mostly to gather experience of working in a team and to improve my knowledge and potential.
APPENDIX 1 – RESULTS
Connection is all around us, whether you see it, or not. People are connecting, devices are connecting. And this phenomenon is going to happen sooner or later.
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There is a need for devices to work together in a non-closed system and in direct connection without any middle hand or steered from a main device. All this activity has to be handled by the devices themselves without people having to interact with them, an automatic exchanging/connecting system.
We have come up with a protocol that will be implemented in every technical device. The devices will work in a way that when a device is in a need of information, it will broadcast a request. Other devices that exist in the range of the broadcasting device will be in standby mode and when the broadcasting signal reaches this standby device it will start up and send back information. In this way, devices will not be broadcasting continuously and therefore save energy. The information is sent as a JSON file that will describe what it is and what it can offer. The broadcasting occurs through some sort of WiFi technology.
(A device searching for other devices)
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(The blue “device” is connected to 3 other devices)
Expert users – those use the latest and most advanced feature-technology-based products to transform their ideas into prosperous business and make life easier .Intermediate users – users who prefer basic features frequently.
The idea is aimed at users who consider to be mainly experts and intermediate, with an interest of technology. We do have few competitors in market, as there are few mobile companies who are already working with Bluetooth & XBee to extend their range, to allow devices to connect on distances higher than 1000 m.
Our video prototype describes how a connected day in the life of a networked society could work in the future, as per below screenshots:
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(Interactions between phone, table and projector).
(Interactions between nearby cars).
(Interactions between the facility and a visitor).
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APPENDIX 2 - SCENARIOS
SMART TEXTILE
SCENARIO 1:David is a pretty emotional guy. He gets upset easily, can be very depressed on subtle things, like the weather and so on. So the shirt is calming or invigorating him, whenever he needs it. Sometimes he keeps his feelings to himself, and would feel like talking to someone, but he’s too shy to ask. That’s when his clothes turn into a dark brown, so his best friend, Tim, can see that something is wrong and try to help him.
Tim in comparison is very open and like to help people, share his good feelings and let people know that he cares. When he gets really excited or happy about something, he sometimes shares the feeling with his friends or family, by sending it from his clothes to the other persons clothes.
But today, Tim is very tired. He had a long day, so he goes to sleep and when his bed sheets get in contact with his pajamas, they all turn blue, as blue is supposed to give a more relaxed sleeping experience.
SCENARIO 2:Attending a negotiation for a high value business contract, Alan is in a make or break situation. The two people he's talking to, are pressuring him to change a vital term in the contract and the deal is so close that he is tempted. Meanwhile, sensors in his shirt detect rising levels of stress, increased heart rate and increased sweating – so the shirt adjusts, the smart fibers expand to make the shirt more breathable and micro-pulses vibrating through the shirt help calm him; this results in improved focus and lowered stress levels. The meeting is concluded successfully, without Alan conceding the vital term in the contract.
SCENARIO 3:Sandra, a mother, is up late a Friday night waiting for her teenager to arrive home. Sandra is feeling quite anxious because they have made an agreement that her child should come home by 12pm, but the clock is now 1am and the child is not answering her phone. Sandra thinks good about her child, that he won't do anything bad, but Sandra is more anxious to know if he feels good and that nothing bad happened to him. Sandra then interacts with her shirt, which talks to the teenager’s shirt. The child shirt then sends back information about his well-being to Sandra’s shirt. Sandra’s shirt then translates the information to "physical touch" feelings that makes Sandra feel good and understand that her child is feeling well. When her child arrives home, the child has a reasonable explanation why he is home late.
TOUCHSCREEN WALLS
SCENARIO 1:John and Linda are soon having another baby and Bobby, their kid, just went to college, so they are turning his room into a baby’s room.
Using the “laser pointer” function of the device, John is moving the panorama window to the side, as a normal window. On the ceiling, he draws a moving carousel and moves the lights from the walls, turning them from colored to a dim white.
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In the meantime, Linda is coloring the walls from black to violet and pink, removes the big display Bobby used to play games on and draws some unicorns instead, using the “sharpie” function of the device. She arranges some pictures as paintings and resizes them by multi-touch.
They move the light switch next to the door, but also add another one for “sleeping baby” which would start the carousel, change the lights to a rainbow theme and play a song. For finishing touches, they change the floor from plain, to a carpet texture.
Next day, John goes to work. On his way, he uses the “wallet” function of the device to buy some donuts. To enter the building he uses the “ID” function of the device, and this also allows him access to the office walls. Goes into the meeting room, touches the wall with the device which brings up his “system”. Opens the presentation and makes it big, across the whole wall, for everyone to see. A guy in the far end of the room has really bad eye problems, so he uses the “pointer” function of his device to drag a copy of the presentation on the table, right in front of him.
The big boss, who’s out fishing on a lake, takes out the “paper display” from his device to be able to attend the meeting and see the presentation.
7. SCENARIO 2:Jamie is 5, he's moving house today, and he thinks he'll miss his old room. He wants his new room to be the same, with space invader walls that have a funny bubbly texture, and his triangular window that's just his height. He loves his interactive friends and music player, but he knows they're digital and can be transferred to the computer wall in the new house (kids are tech savvy). The move happens and the family arrive at the new house; Jamie goes into his room and looks around. It's a bit smaller than his old room, and unlike his old room all the walls seem to have a glass layer over them; the window is square, Jamie misses his old room already. Jamie calls to his dad, “Papa! I want my computer and music player”, and his dad comes into the room, “I've got a surprise for you” he says, as he touches the wall and interactive panel appears. Jamie’s dad touches some buttons and selects “Jamie’s profile” from the displayed menu. Slowly a bubbly pattern appears on the wall, the colors change and space invaders appear along with the interactive display area and music player. The window begins to morph from square to triangular, and lowers its position on the wall. Jamie is amazed! He doesn't have to leave his old room after all.
SMART ID
8. SCENARIO 1:In the afternoon John took the bus and went to a festival and met with his colleagues. His girlfriend, Abby, went to the theater, but had to take the train, as she leaves in a nearby city. Later that night, they were supposed to meet to go to a movie together. They both took the metro to the meeting point, as it was the fastest way, but there was a delay on John’s route, so he had to hop off and take the tram. After the movie, they took a taxi back to John’s place. No tickets were physically bought or checked the whole day, as they both had their ticketing device on them and all was done automatically on their way in or out of the specific place.
9. SCENARIO 2:Two stories, Jane and John, are both late for work, they make a dash for the train station from opposite sides of town, hoping to get to work on time. Both use the universal smart card, Jane's travel card has updated for this month automatically as scheduled, John's hasn't, he got a message this morning saying there wasn't enough funds in his bank account so the transaction failed. They both get to the station on time, John hasn't
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got the money to buy a ticket, but decides to take a chance and take the train anyway. Both Jane and John get on at the same door with a many other commuters, as they do so, their Smart IDs communicates with receivers in the entrance of the train, transmitting an image file, a biometric passport photo and a commuter validation code. Cameras validate Jane as she enters the train against the transmitted biometric photo and validation code, her account is valid and up to date, her photo and code are disposed of; John’s is not, the system flags John as not having a valid ticket, and then forwards a picture of John along with his biometric photo to the train conductors ticketing device The train conductor has now an actual photo of John entering the train, and as he's carrying his card, a biometric photo too. The conductor can go straight to John and resolve the situation.
SHARING POWER/ELECTRICITY
SCENARIO 1: Daniel is an IT student, thus he uses his laptop and phone a lot. Especially at school, where he never takes his chargers. Today he is working on an assignment in the study room. It’s early so the room is empty. His phone’s battery is almost dead, so it automatically starts grabbing some power from his laptop to be able to stay in standby. Sensing that Daniel is making a phone call, it draws a little more power to compensate.
Another person joins the study room. Since Daniel’s been using his laptop for a few hours, it starts drawing some power from that person’s laptop. Two more persons join the room. One of them, Alex, has a tablet which starts grabbing power from the other 3 people’s devices. Until evening, there are about 10-12 people in the room sharing power between their devices, creating a balance so that no device needs to shut down.
Daniel leaves school and heads on home listening to music on his phone. It’s an iPhone, the battery doesn’t hold so long, so it draws power from the lamp posts on the way.
SCENARIO 2:John, working late, leaves the office and heads to the train station, his mobile is on 50% power. Standing in the train station, the train is delayed for some time. John needs to get some work done, but he's only got his mobile phone. He starts working on his phone, doing what he can. Eventually the train arrives, and John gets a seat. After some more emailing his battery is down to 5%. Internally, his phone is working – it's checking the locality for other smart devices with the same protocols. It finds a laptop and a number of mobile phones. The laptop and one of the phones report full power, they can donate 5% of their battery power each, that they don't need - they start the transfer. Over the course of the next few minutes enough power is transferred to allow John to complete his tasks and get home without his phone battery dying.
My phone is running low on batteries, it polls the area, there are no wireless charging stations in my vicinity. It polls other devices, sending a cascade of power requests my mobile, to the mobile in the person on the other side of the streets pocket, their phone contacts another further down the block, that one is close to a wireless charging station – it sends a power request to the station and an acknowledgement is sent back through the chain of devices, wireless power jumps from the station to the first device, and on through the chain until it reaches my phone as I loose range with the device supplying me another device has entered range between the two and maintains the link; my phone receives the power it requested.
VR PICTURE/RECORDING
SCENARIO 1:
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“Hey mom, hey dad! Venice is great! I’m sending you this VRR so you can see all the beauty around me right now. Too bad you couldn’t come! Kisses.”
Dana used her VR device to record this while she was walking the most beautiful street in Venice. She easily sends it to her parents’ device just like making a call or sending an email. They open up the recording and can see and hear everything Dana was seeing and hearing at that time, as if they were right next to her. The recording is not actually following her, so they are able to move around freely to see the place and experience the beauty themselves.
SCENARIO 2:I just woke up from bed as I had a bad dream. Nothing else I want to see more than my mother besides
me. Certainly I turn on my ”VR Device”, call her and there are no words to explain how it
feels to see her besides me. All I feel is like I'm home where I belong to, in my bed where my
mother is sitting beside me and talking to me. No matter what I'm going through in my life in
Sweden, I’ll never feel apart from my mother anymore. She is with me, that’s what I believe now
and it makes me real confident.
SCENARIO 3:Peter was involved in a terrible homicide. It affected him so much that he lost the memory of the incident but when he was at the location of the homicide he luckily took a VR picture, which the police interrogators could go "inside" and look around through different angels. This helped them get the whole picture and find crucial evidence.
REFERENCES
1. Ericsson. LinkedIn.
2. Giasemi N. Vavoula. Mike Sharples. Future technology workshop: A collaborative method for the design of new learning technologies and activities. 2007. International Society of the Learning Sciences, Inc.; Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2007
3. Wikipedia. Near field communication
4. GSMArena. Near field communication. http://www.gsmarena.com/glossary.php3?term=nfc5. How Near Field Communication Works. http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/near-field-communication.htm6. InfoWorld. 6 cool uses of near-field communication. http://www.infoworld.com/slideshow/30913/6-cool-uses-
