Date post: | 03-Jun-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | kaovkimsour |
View: | 276 times |
Download: | 0 times |
of 233
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
1/233
1
IntroductionThis is a course of lessons and practice on the system of English. It is divided into eighty-six sectEach section covers an area of basic grammar and contains a number of exercises. The exercisenot all the same length. Some exercises have only five questions, but others have up to questions. This is because some areas of grammar are more important than others. This course your knowledge of English grammar and, more importantly, it gives you practice in using
knowledge to make correct and appropriate sentences. When you do the exercises, you will seegrammar is not just a game. Grammar has meaning - if you change some of the grammar sentence, you also change its meaning.
About "Use of Mobile Learning to Prepare ESL Adults for the Workplace"
Research Project News Releases
Mobile ESL Author Visit and Workshop
Table of Contents PageA. The Basic Sentence (Units 1-7) 05 - 2B. Questions (Units 8-13) 21 - 3
C. Verbs (Units 14-41) 38 - 1
D. The Passive (Units 42-44) 109 - 1
E. The Noun Phrase (Units 45-60) 117 - 1
F. Types of Sentences (Units 61-63) 152 - 1
G. Adjectives and Adverbs (Units 64-67) 162 - 1
H. Comparison (Units 68-70) 169 - 1
I. When? (Units 71-73) 176 - 1
J. Where? (Units 74-79) 186 - 1
K. How and Why? (Units 80-82) 200 - 2
L. Connecting Ideas (Units 83-86) 208 - 2
M. Appendices 218 - 2A. The Basic Sentence (Unit 1-7)
1. The Basic Sentence,ex.1.1
2. The Subject,ex.2.1,2.2
3. The Verb,ex.3.1
4. Subject and Verb,ex.4.1,4.2
5. Negative Sentences,ex.5.1
6. Short Forms,ex.6.1
7. Word Order,ex.7.1,7.2
B. Questions (Unit 8-13)8. Question Words,ex.8.1,8.2
9. Making Questions,ex.9.1,9.2
10.What can you ask?,ex.10.1
11.Short Answers,ex.11.1,11.2
12.Tag Questions,ex.
13.Making Questions,ex.13.1,13.2
http://www.eslau.ca/mlearning.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/mlearning.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/press.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/press.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/workshop.pdfhttp://www.eslau.ca/workshop.pdfhttp://www.eslau.ca/b.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/c.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/d.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/e.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/f.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/g.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/h.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/i.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/j.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/k.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/l.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/m.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex1.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex1.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex2.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex2.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex2.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex2.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex2.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex3.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex3.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex4.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex4.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex4.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex4.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex4.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex5.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex5.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex6.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex6.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit7.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit7.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex7.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex7.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex7.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex7.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex7.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit8.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit8.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex8.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex8.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex8.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex8.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex8.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex9.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex9.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex9.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex9.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex9.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex10.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex10.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex11.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex11.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex11.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex11.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex11.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit13.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit13.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit13.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex13.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex13.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex13.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex13.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex13.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex13.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex13.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex13.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit13.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex11.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex11.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex10.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex9.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex9.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex8.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex8.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit8.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex7.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex7.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit7.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex6.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex5.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex4.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex4.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex3.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex2.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex2.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex1.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/m.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/l.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/k.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/j.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/i.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/h.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/g.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/f.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/e.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/d.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/c.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/b.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/workshop.pdfhttp://www.eslau.ca/press.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/mlearning.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
2/233
2
C. Verbs (Unit 14-41)14.Verb Forms,ex.14.1,14.2,14.3
15.Using the Verb Forms,ex.15.1,15.2
16.The Verb Be,ex.16.1
17.Auxiliary Verbs: Do/Have/Be,ex.17.1,17.2
18. Imperative ,ex.18.1
19.Present Simple -- Formation,ex.19.1,19.2
20.Present Simple -- Use,ex.20.1
21.Past Simple,ex.21.1
22.Present Continuous,ex.22.1,22.2
23.Past Continuous,ex.23.1,23.2
24.Present Perfect -- Formation,ex.24.1
25.Present Perfect -- Use,ex.25.1
26.Past Perfect,ex.26.1,26.2,26.3,26.4
27.Modal Verbs,ex.27.1,27.2,27.3,27.4
28.Can
29.Could,ex.29.1
30.May and Might,ex.30.1,30.2
31.Will and Shall,ex.31.1
32.Would,ex.32.1
33.Must and Should,ex.33.1,33.2
34.Have to/Need to/Needn't,ex.34.1
35.Necessity and Advice,ex.35.1,35.2
36.Other Modal Constructions,ex.36.1,36.2
37.Be Going to,ex.37.1,37.2,37.3
38.Used to,ex.38.1,38.2
39.Verbs and Present Time,ex.39.1,39.2
40.Verbs and Past Time,ex.40.1,40.2,40.3
41.Verbs and Future Time,ex.41.1,41.2
D. The Passive (Unit 42-44)42.Passive Sentences,ex.42.1,42.2
43.Passive Verb Formations,ex.43.1,43.2,43.3
44.Using the Passive,ex.44.1,44.2
E. The Noun Phrase (Unit 45-60)45.Nouns & Noun Phrases
46.Plurals of Unit Nouns,ex.46.1,46.2
47.Mass Nouns,ex.47.1
48.Proper Nouns and Verbal Nouns,ex.48.1,48.2
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex15.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex15.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex15.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex15.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex15.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex16.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex16.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex17.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex17.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex17.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex17.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex17.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit18.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit18.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit18.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex18.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex18.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit19.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit19.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit19.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex19.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex19.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex19.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex19.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex19.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit20.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit20.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit20.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex20.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex20.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit21.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit21.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit21.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex21.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex21.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit22.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit22.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit22.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex22.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex22.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex22.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex22.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex22.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit23.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit23.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit23.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex23.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex23.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex23.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex23.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex23.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex24.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex24.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit25.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit25.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit25.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex25.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex25.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit26.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit26.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit26.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit28.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit28.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit29.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit29.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit29.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex29.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex29.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit30.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit30.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit30.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex30.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex30.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex30.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex30.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex30.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit31.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit31.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit31.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex31.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex31.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit32.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit32.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit32.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex32.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex32.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit33.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit33.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit33.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex33.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex33.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex33.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex33.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex33.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit34.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit34.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit34.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex34.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex34.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit35.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit35.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit35.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex35.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex35.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex35.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex35.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex35.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit36.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit36.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit36.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex36.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex36.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex36.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex36.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex36.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit37.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit37.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit37.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit38.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit38.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit38.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex38.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex38.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex38.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex38.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex38.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit39.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit39.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit39.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex39.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex39.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex39.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex39.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex39.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit40.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit40.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit40.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit41.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit41.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit41.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex41.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex41.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex41.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex41.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex41.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit42.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit42.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit42.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex42.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex42.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex42.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex42.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex42.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit44.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit44.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit44.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex44.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex44.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex44.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex44.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex44.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit45.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit45.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit46.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit46.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit46.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex46.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex46.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex46.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex46.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex46.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit47.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit47.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit47.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex47.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex47.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit48.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit48.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit48.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex48.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex48.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex48.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex48.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex48.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex48.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex48.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit48.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex47.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit47.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex46.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex46.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit46.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit45.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex44.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex44.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit44.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex43.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex42.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex42.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit42.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex41.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex41.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit41.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex40.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit40.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex39.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex39.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit39.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex38.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex38.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit38.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex37.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit37.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex36.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex36.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit36.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex35.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex35.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit35.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex34.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit34.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex33.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex33.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit33.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex32.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit32.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex31.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit31.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex30.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex30.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit30.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex29.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit29.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit28.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex27.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex26.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit26.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex25.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit25.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex24.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex23.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex23.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit23.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex22.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex22.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit22.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex21.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit21.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex20.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit20.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex19.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex19.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit19.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex18.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit18.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex17.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex17.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex16.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex15.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex15.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex14.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
3/233
3
49.Genitive,ex.49.1,49.2,49.3
50.Personal Pronouns,ex.50.1
51.A/An/Some/Any,ex.51.1,51.2,51.3
52.The
53.Nouns Without The or A
54.The Correct Article,ex.54.1,54.2,54.3,54.4
55.This/That/These/Those,ex.55.156.Mass and Unit in Sentences,ex.56.1,56.2
57.Quantity,ex.57.1,57.2,57.3
58.Both/Either/Neither,ex.58.1
59.One,ex.59.1,59.2
60.Relative Clauses,ex.60.1
F. Types of Sentences (Unit 61-63)61.Empty Subjects,ex.61.1
62.Simple Sentence Types,ex.62.1,62.2
63.Complex Sentence Types,ex.63.1,63.2,63.3
G. Adjectives and Adverbs (Unit 64-67)64.Adjectives and Adverbs
65.Position of Adjectives
66.Position of Adverbs,ex.66.1
67.Some Important Adverbs,ex.67.1,67.2
H. Comparison (Unit 68-70)68.Forms for Comparison,ex.68.1
69.Comparing Two,ex.69.1,69.2,69.3
70.Comparing Three or More,ex.70.1
I. When? (Unit 71-73)71.Adverbs of Time,ex.71.1,71.2,71.3
72.Prepositions of Time,ex.72.1,72.2,72.3
73.How Often?,ex.73.1,73.2
J. Where? (Unit 74-79)74. In the World,ex.74.1,74.2
75. In a Town,ex.75.1,75.2
76.Outdoors,ex.76.1,76.2,76.3
77. Indoors,ex.77.1
78. In a Room
79.Objects and People,ex.79.1,79.2,79.3
K. How and Why? (Unit 80-82)80.How?,ex.80.1
81.Purpose and Use,ex.81.1,81.2
82.Reason and Consequence,ex.82.1,82.2,82.3
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit49.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit49.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit49.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit50.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit50.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit50.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex50.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex50.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit51.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit51.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit51.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit52.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit52.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit53.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit53.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit54.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit54.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit54.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit55.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit55.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit55.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex55.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex55.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit56.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit56.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit56.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex56.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex56.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex56.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex56.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex56.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit57.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit57.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit57.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit58.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit58.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit58.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex58.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex58.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit59.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit59.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit59.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex59.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex59.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex59.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex59.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex59.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit60.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit60.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit60.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex60.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex60.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit61.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit61.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit61.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex61.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex61.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit62.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit62.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit62.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex62.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex62.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex62.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex62.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex62.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit63.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit63.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit63.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit64.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit64.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit64.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit65.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit65.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit66.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit66.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit66.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex66.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex66.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit67.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit67.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit67.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex67.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex67.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex67.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex67.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex67.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit68.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit68.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit68.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex68.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex68.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit69.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit69.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit69.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit70.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit70.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit70.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex70.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex70.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit71.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit71.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit71.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit72.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit72.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit72.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit73.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit73.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit73.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex73.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex73.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex73.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex73.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex73.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit74.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit74.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit74.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex74.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex74.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex74.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex74.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex74.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit75.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit75.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit75.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex75.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex75.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex75.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex75.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex75.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit76.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit76.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit76.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit77.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit77.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit77.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex77.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex77.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit78.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit78.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit79.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit79.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit79.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex79.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex79.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex79.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex79.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex79.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex79.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit80.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit80.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit80.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex80.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex80.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit81.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit81.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit81.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex81.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex81.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex81.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex81.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex81.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit82.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit82.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit82.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex82.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit82.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex81.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex81.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit81.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex80.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit80.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex79.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex79.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit79.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit78.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex77.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit77.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex76.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit76.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex75.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex75.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit75.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex74.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex74.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit74.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex73.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex73.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit73.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex72.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit72.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex71.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit71.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex70.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit70.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex69.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit69.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex68.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit68.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex67.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex67.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit67.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex66.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit66.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit65.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit64.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex63.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit63.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex62.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex62.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit62.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex61.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit61.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex60.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit60.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex59.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex59.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit59.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex58.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit58.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex57.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit57.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex56.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex56.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit56.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex55.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit55.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex54.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit54.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit53.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit52.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex51.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit51.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex50.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit50.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex49.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit49.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
4/233
4
L. Connecting Ideas (Unit 83-86)83.Similar Ideas,ex.83.1,83.2,83.3
84.Opposite Ideas,ex.84.1,84.2
85.Sequence of Events,ex.85.1,85.2,85.3
86.Conditions,ex.86.1
M. Appendices APPENDIX 1: THE ALPHABET
APPENDIX 2: USING CAPITAL LETTERS
APPENDIX 3: BASIC PUNCTUATION
APPENDIX 4: SPELLING AND SPEAKING
APPENDIX 5: SPELLING: -s FORM OF VERBS AND NOUNS
APPENDIX 6: SPELLING: -ing FORMS
APPENDIX 7: SPELLING: -ed/-er/-est FORMS
APPENDIX 8: SPELLING: -ly ADVERBS
APPENDIX 9: NUMBERS
APPENDIX 10: IRREGULAR VERBS FOR REFERENCE
APPENDIX 11: IRREGULAR VERBS FOR LEARNING
APPENDIX 12: TELLING THE TIME
APPENDIX 13: DATES
Source code for this project can be downloadedhere
Acknowledgements Sponsors:Canadian Council on Learning,Alberta Science and Research Authority,Canad
Foundation for Innovation,Athabasca University,Canadian Virtual University,NationalAdult Literacy Database
Author: Dr. James O'Driscoll
Project Directors: Dr. Rory McGreal, Dr. Mohamed Ally, Steve Schafer
Team members: Billy Cheung, Colin Elliott, Mattana Chan, Maureen Hutchison, ReginaWasti, Shubhash Wasti, Tony Tin, Tracey Woodburn, Yang Cao
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
www.eslau.ca/
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit83.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit83.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit83.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit84.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit84.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit84.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex84.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex84.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex84.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex84.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex84.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit85.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit85.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit85.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit86.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit86.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit86.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex86.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex86.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix7.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix7.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix7.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix8.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix8.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix8.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix13.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix13.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix13.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/mlearning.ziphttp://www.eslau.ca/mlearning.ziphttp://www.eslau.ca/mlearning.ziphttp://www.ccl-cca.ca/http://www.ccl-cca.ca/http://www.ccl-cca.ca/http://www.asra.gov.ab.ca/http://www.asra.gov.ab.ca/http://www.asra.gov.ab.ca/http://www.innovation.ca/http://www.innovation.ca/http://www.innovation.ca/http://www.innovation.ca/http://www.athabascau.ca/http://www.athabascau.ca/http://www.athabascau.ca/http://www.cvu-uvc.ca/http://www.cvu-uvc.ca/http://www.cvu-uvc.ca/http://www.nald.ca/http://www.nald.ca/http://www.nald.ca/http://www.nald.ca/http://www.eslau.ca/http://www.eslau.ca/http://www.nald.ca/http://www.nald.ca/http://www.cvu-uvc.ca/http://www.athabascau.ca/http://www.innovation.ca/http://www.innovation.ca/http://www.asra.gov.ab.ca/http://www.ccl-cca.ca/http://www.eslau.ca/mlearning.ziphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix13.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix8.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix7.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex86.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit86.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex85.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit85.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex84.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex84.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit84.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/exercise/ex83.1.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit83.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
5/233
5
A.The Basic Sentence (Unit 1-7)
Unit 1: THE BASIC SENTENCEEvery sentence has a subject and a verb.
Subject andverb
worksis not a sentence because we do not learn who or what works; there is a verb, but no subjecJohnis not a sentence; there is no verb.John worksis a sentence; there is a subject (John) and a verb (works).John, the manager of the storeis not a sentence; there is no verb. We do not learn how John and tmanager of the store go together.
Here are some sentences:
[s]:Subject, [v]:Verb
[s] John [v] is the manager of the store.
[s] John [v] works for the manager of the store.
[s] John [v] is talking to the manager of the store.
[s] The mountains of Nepal [v] are the highest in the world.
[s] The house on the hill [v] is very old.
Word order
If a sentence tells us something (a statement), the verb goes after the subject. If a sentence asks usomething (a question), one word of the verb goes before the subject.
[s]:Subject, [v]:Verb
STATEMENT [s] John [v] is riding a bicycle.
QUESTION [v] Is [s] John [v] riding a bicycle?
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
6/233
6
Exercise 1.1: The SentenceLook at the words below. Are they sentences or not? Answer Trueor False.
Example: She student. Answer: False.
1.John a manager.
True False2.John is a manager.
True False3.Works six days a week.
True False4.He works six days a week.
True False5.Are you a student?
True False6.I a student.
True False
7.I work
True False8.He very happy about it.
True False9.Is he happy about it?
True False
Exercise 1.1: The SentenceLook at the words below. Are they sentences or not? Answer Trueor False.
Example: She student. Answer: False.1.John a manager.Correct.The correct answer is False.
2.John is a manager.Correct.The correct answer is True.
3.Works six days a week.Correct.The correct answer is False.
4.He works six days a week.Correct.The correct answer is True.
5.Are you a student?Correct.The correct answer is True.
6.I a student.Correct.The correct answer is False.7.I work.Correct.The correct answer is True.8.He very happy about it.Correct.The correct answer is False.
9.Is he happy about it?Correct.The correct answer is True.
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
7/233
7
Unit 2: THE SUBJECTThe subject of every sentence is either SINGULAR (= one) or PLURAL (= two or more).
The subject of a sentence is always one of these (with examples):
1st person
SINGULAR:IPLURAL:we, John and I
2nd person
SINGULAR:youPLURAL:you, you and Maria
3rd person
SINGULAR: he, she, it, John, Mrs Jones, the manager, the managerof the bookshop, the manaof the store on the corner, a friend, oneof my friends, money, swimming, EnglandPLURAL: they, Mr andMrs Jones, people, the women, someof my friends from the store,swimming andriding, France andEngland, money problems
The subject can be one word or more than one word.
With 3rd person, it is important to know if the subject is singular or plural because the form of thverb is sometimes different (Unit 4). Only one word of the subject tells you the answer. For exam
one in "one of my friends" is singular.
problems in "money problems" is plural.
subjects with and are plural.
NOTICE:We use I, you, we, theyfor both men and women.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit4.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit4.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
8/233
8
Exercise 2.1: The SubjectFind the subject in the sentences below.Example:The new factory is opening tomorrow.Subject: The new factory1. The Nile is the longest river in Africa.
Subject: Correct.The Nile2. My luggage has been lost.
Subject: Correct.My luggage
3. Oranges and apples are both very cheap here.
Subject: Correct.Oranges and apples
4. Maria is working at the factory.
Subject: Correct.Maria
5. The factory makes spare parts for cars.
Subject: Correct.The factory
Exercise 2.2: Singular or PluralFind the word that decides whether the subject is singular or plural.Example: One of my days at schoolThe Word: One1. One of the best students in the class
Word: Correct. One
2. Money problems
Word: Correct. Problems
3. The result of yesterday's matches
Word: Correct. Result
4. Tomorrow's program
Word: Correct. Program
5. The doors of the car
Word: Correct. Doors
6. The company's employees
Word: Correct. Employees
The Nile
My luggage
Oranges and apples
Maria
The factory
One
problems
result
program
doors
employees
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
9/233
9
Unit3: THE VERBThe verb of a sentence can be:
one word - He worksin an office
two words - He is workingin the office
three words - He has been workingin the officeor even four words - He must have been workingin the office
In the sentences above, work(worksand working) is an example of a LEXICAL VERB. Lexicaverbs give basic information. Every simple sentence has one lexical verb in it.
In the sentences above, the words between Heand workare examples of AUXILIARY VERBS.There are not many auxiliary verbs. They are: do, have, be, can, could, will, would, shall, should,may, might, must.
They are very important because we can use them together with lexical verbs. For example:
[a]:AUXILIARY[l]:LEXICAL
Where [a] shall I [l] meet you?
[a] Is John [l] coming to the party? No, he [a] is not.
He [a] does not [l] like parties, [a] does he?
[a] Have they [l] finished? Yes, they [a] have.
We use auxiliary verbs to:
make a negative sentence (Unit 5)
make a question (Unit 9)
give a short answer (Unit 11)
make a tag question (Unit 12)
make passive sentences (Unit 43)
show what we feel about what we are saying (Unit 27)
and in continuous and perfect verb formations (Unit 15)
To learn about do, have, beas auxiliaries, look atUnit 17.
The other auxiliaries are called MODAL VERBS. You can learn about them inUnit 27.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
10/233
10
Exercise 3.1: The verbFind the verb in the sentences below.Example:The factory is opening tomorrow.The Verb: is opening1. Are you a student?
Verb: Correct. Are2. Yes , I am.
Verb: Correct. Am
3. John plays football.
Verb: Correct. Plays
4. He has been playing football the whole afternoon.
Verb: Correct. Whole
5. I like coffee.
Verb: Correct. Like
6. I would like some coffee now.
Verb: Correct. Would like
7. I have seen that film three times.
Verb: Correct. Have seen
8. My wallet has been stolen.
Verb: Correct. Has been stolen
9. We often think about you.
Verb: Correct. Think
Are
am
plays
whole
like
would like
have seen
has been s tolen
think
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
11/233
11
Unit 4: SUBJECT AND VERBWith past tense verbs, the formation of the verb is the same for all subjects. But in the present tenthe first word of the verb changes for 3rd person singular (Unit 2). However, the verb beis differ
All verbs except bePRESENT TENSE
3rd person singular (Unit 2)-- use the s form(Unit 14):She likeshot weather.This heater usesgas.The game hasfinished.Does he play tennis?
All other persons -- use base form(Unit 14):
Ilikehot weather.These heaters usegas.The games havefinished.Doyou play tennis?
NOTICE:Only the first word of the verb changes.
We say: The game has finished. (NOT has finisheds)Does he playtennis? (NOT does he plays )
NOTICE:Modal verbs (Unit 27)do not have an sform.
We say:He willcome. (NOT wills come )
PAST TENSE
We use the past form(Unit 14)for all persons.
The verb be1ST PERSON SINGULAR:
Present:I amtired.Past:I wastired.Present:I amgoing home.Past:I wasgoing home.
3RD PERSON SINGULAR:
Present:Maria istired.Past:Maria wastired.Present:She isgoing home.Past:She wasgoing home.
ALL OTHER PERSONS:
Present:You aretired.Past:You weretired.Present:We aregoing home.Past:We weregoing home.Present:They aresleeping.Past:They weresleeping.
NOTICE:The other forms of be(be, been, being-Unit 16)are the same for all persons.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
12/233
12
Exercise 4.1: Agreement with the verb "be" - present tense
Fill in the blank with am, isor are.Example: Where ____ the children?Answer: Where arethe children?
1. We __are__ very happy.
Correct.
2. My friend John __is__ there with me.
Correct.
3. __Are__ Maria and you coming to the party this evening?
Correct.
4. Sorry, __am__ I taking your seat?
Correct.
5. We __are__ computer technicians.
Correct.
Exercise 4.2: Agreement with the verb "be" - past tense
Fill in the blank with wasor were.Example:Where ____ the children yesterday?Answer: Where werethe children yesterday?
1. I __was__ born in 1966.
Correct.
2. We __were__ good students.
Correct.
3. The company's employees __were__ not very rich.
Correct.
4. The car doors __were__ locked
Correct.
5. One of the players __was__ very good.
Correct.
are
is
are
am
are
was
were
were
were
was
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
13/233
13
Unit 5: NEGATIVE SENTENCESWe put notafter the first word of the verb. In speaking, we often use the short form (n't).
With the verb be
Iam nota thief.
Theyaren'tcoming.It wasn'tvery cold there.He is nota teacher.
With one-word verb formations
Put the correct form of the verb do(Unit 15)before not.
[A]:AFFIRMATIVE, [N]:NEGATIVE
[A] Heworkson Fridays.[N] Hedoes not workon Saturdays.
[A] These shopssellfood.
[N] They do not sellfood.
[A] They arrivedby bus.[N] They didn't arriveby train.
With other verb formations
Put notafter the first auxiliary verb.
I haven't seenhim for five years.Our team has not been beatenthis season.He wouldn't have goneif he had known.They aren't doingmath this term.
Word agreement
Look at the different words in AFFIRMATIVEand NEGATIVEsentences.
[A] John is going somewherebut[N] Maria isn't going anywhere.
[A] John has got somemoney but[N] Maria hasn't got anymoney.
[A] They have got a lot ofmoney but[N] we haven't got muchmoney.
[A] I've got a lot offriends but[N] he hasn't got manyfriends.
[A] John and Maria havealreadyleft but[N] we haven't leftyet.
[A] John is leavingtooand[N] Maria isn't stayingeither.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit15.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
14/233
14
Exercise 5.1: Sentences with "not"
Complete the sentence in Column Aby choosing the correct phrase from Column B. Type the let
of the sentence you choose in the numbered box.
Question 1
Column A
1. These shops sell food but they _E___.2. Maria passed the math exam but she _D___.3. She knows Mario but she _A___.4. I went to Italy but I _C___.5. It has been raining but it _B___.
Column B
A. does not know John.B. has not been snowing.C. did not go to France.
D. did not pass the physics exam.E. do not sell drinks.
Answer:
1: 2: 3: 4: 5:E D A C B
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
15/233
15
Unit 6: SHORT FORMSWhen people speak, they usually make some words shorter. We can show this in writing with anapostrophe: ('). Here are some important examples.
Notisn't-- is notaren't-- are not
wasn't-- was notdon't-- do notcan't-- cannotdidn't-- did notwouldn't-- would nothasn't-- has nothaven't-- have notNOTICEESPECIALLY:won't = will notNOTICE:We say: I'm not, NOT amn't.
Be
I'm-- I amshe's-- she isyou're-- you areit's-- it ishe's-- he isthey're-- they areNOTICE:We can shorten beor notbut not both together. For example, we can say it's notor itisn'tbut NOT it'sn't.
WillI'll-- I willthey'll-- they will
WouldI'd-- I wouldyou'd-- you would
HaveI've-- I haveit's-- it hasI'd-- I hadthey've-- they havehe's-- he hasyou'd-- you had
NOTICE:'scan be isor hasor GENITIVE(Unit 49)Examples: Maria's goingor Maria's goneor Maria'spenNOTICE:'dcan be hador wouldExamples: He'd goneor He'd goNOTICE:We always use short forms in tag questions (Unit 12), but we do not use them inaffirmative short answers (Unit 11), or in questions asking for yes or no or when we want to saysomething strongly(I am sorry = I'm very sorry).
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit49.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit49.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit49.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit11.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit12.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit49.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
16/233
16
Exercise 6.1: Short forms - reading
What are the full forms of the underlined words?Example:What'syour name?Answer: is
1. This exercise isn't very difficult.
Correct. Not
2. It's easy.
Correct. Is
3. It won't take much time.
Correct. Will not
4. I think I'll be finished in five minutes.
Correct. I will
5. I've answered four questions already.
Correct. Have
6. John's already done all of them.
Correct. Has
7. He's going home now.
Correct. Is
8. He's got a new car.
Correct. Has
not
is
will not
I will
have
has
is
has
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
17/233
17
Unit 7: WORD ORDER
These two sentences have opposite meanings:
Brazil beat Spain 4-2. Brazil won and Spain lost.
Spain beat Brazil 4-2. Spain won and Brazil lost.
The form of the words in these sentences cannot help us to understand that their meanings aredifferent. Only the order of the words tells us the meaning. Word order is very important in EngliHere are some basic rules.
In statements, the subject always comes before the verb.
[s]:Subject, [v]:Verb
[s] John [v] woke up.
[s] He [v] could not sleep after that.
Each night[s] he [v] had the same problem.
[s] The airport [v] was nearby.
[s] The planes [v]used to make a terrible noise.
In questions a part of the verb must come before the subject (Unit 9).
Only adverbs (Unit 64)can go between subject and verb, especiallyA. frequency adverbs(Unit 73):
[s] They never[v] have time to watch TV.
B. these words: almost, already, also,just, nearlyand still
[s] They also[v] work in the evenings.
No other kind of word can go in this position.
If subject and verb alone are not enough to complete the sentence, the other part of the sentence gafter them (never before them).
For example: John was, John bought, John gave, John put
are not good sentences by themselves. They need something else to complete them.
[C]:CORRECT, [W]:WRONG
[C] John wasa student.[W]John a student was.[W]A student John was.
[C] John bought a book.[W]John a book bought.[W]A book John bought.
[C] John gaveMaria the book.[WJohn Maria the book gave.[W]Maria the book John gave.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit64.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit64.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit64.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit73.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit73.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit73.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit73.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit64.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
18/233
18
[C] John put the book on the table.[W]John the book on the table put.[W]The book on the table John put.
NOTICE:Different verbs need different kinds of words to complete a sentence (Units62and63
If we want to put in some extra information about the sentence, it must go at the beginning or the
(not anywhere in the middle).
[E]:EXTRA, [B]:BASIC
[B] John was a student [E] in Vancouver for five years.
[E] In the town [B] John bought a book [E] to give to Maria.
[B] John gave Maria the book [E] for her birthday.
[B] John put the book here [E] last night.
[E] In November [B] the weather became cold.
[E] In the end [B] I found the book [E] in the bedroom.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit62.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit62.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit62.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit63.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit63.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit63.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit62.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
19/233
19
Exercise 7.1: Subject and verbFind the word or words which form the subjectand the word or words which form the verb.
Example:My cousin has always had good luck in life.Answer: Subject: My cousin, Verb: has...had1. Do you like football?
Subject: Correct. YouVerb: Correct. Do.like2. Why don't you try it some time?
Subject: Correct. You
Verb: Correct. Donttry3. The bank opened at nine o'clock.
Subject: Correct. The bank
Verb: Correct. Opened
4. Ten minutes later, the robbers arrived.Subject: Correct. The robbers
Verb: Correct. Arrived5. The bank clerks gave the robbers all the money.
Subject: Correct. The bank clerks
Verb: Correct. Gave
Exercise 7.2: Word orderChange the order of the words or groups of words to make a correct sentence.Example:
1. am2. very happy3. I
Answer:312
Question 11. is2. terrible3. the weather today
Correct order: Correct. 3. the weather today 1.is 2.terrible Question 2
1. stronger and stronger2. getting3. the wind4. is
Correct order: Correct. 3. the wind 4. is 2.getting 1.stronger and stronger
you
Do...like
you
don't...try
the bank
opened
the robbers
arrived
the bank clerks
gave
312
3421
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
20/233
20
Question 31. all ferryboats2. been3. cancelled4. have
Correct order: Correct. 1. all ferryboats 4.have 2. been 3.cancelled
Question 41. feeling2. the passengers3. were4. very sick
Correct order: Correct. 2. the passengers 3.were 1.feeling 4.very sick
Question 51. on that boat2. travelling3. was
4. ICorrect order: Correct. 4. I 3.was 2. travelling 1.on that boat
Question 61. not2. enjoy myself3. I4. did
Correct order: Correct. 3. I 4.did 1.not 2.enjoy myself
Question 71. had
2. I3. been feeling well4. not
Correct order: Correct. 2. I 1.had 4.not 3.been feeling well
Question 81. after the journey2. much worse3. felt4. I
Correct order: Correct. 4. I 3.felt 2. much worse 1.after the journey
Question 91. by2. bad weather3. never travel4. boat in
Correct order: Correct. 3. never travel 1.by 4. boat in 2.bad weather
1423
2314
4321
3412
2143
4321
3142
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
21/233
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
22/233
22
How long ... (for) ?He saved to buy it forovertwo months.
How far ...?It's five kilometresto the electronics store.
How often...?John goes there three times a week.
What kind of ... ?
This is a way to ask about something so that we can tell it from other types of the same thing.
What kind ofMP3 player ...?It's a small, 10-gigabyte memory one.
What kind ofcar ...?It was a Toyota sport-utility vehicle.
What ... like?
This is a way to ask for a very general description.
Whatis the weather likethere?It's hot and humid.
Whatis John like?He's a very friendlyperson.
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
23/233
23
Exercise 8.1: Word orderChange the order of the words or groups of words to make a correct sentence.Example:
1. am2. very happy3. I
Answer: 312Question 11. are you going2. ?3. where
Correct order: Correct. 3.where 1. are you going 2.?
Question 21. were they doing2. what3. last night4. ?
Correct order: Correct. 2.what 1. were they doing 3. last night 4.?
Question 31. university2. did he go to3. ?4. which
Correct order: Correct. 4.which 1.university 2. did he go to 3.?
Question 41. does that painting cost
2. ?3. much4. how
Correct order: Correct. 4.how 3.much 1. does that painting cost 2.?
Question 51. like2. is the weather3. ?4. what
Correct order: Correct. 4.what 2. is the weather 1.like 3.?
312
2134
4123
4312
4213
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
24/233
24
Exercise 8.2: Using question words
Look at the part of the sentence in italics. This part is the answer to a question. How does thequestion begin? Choose your answer from the choices provided for each question.Example:That car can go at 200 km/h.Answer: How fast...?
1. He is at least seventy years old.Correct. How old.?
2. He was born a very long time ago.
Correct. When.?
3. He had threebrothers and two sisters.
Correct. How many.?
4. He went to elementary school in Vancouver.
Correct. Where.?
5. Vancouver is 800 kilometresfrom Edmonton.
Correct. How far.?
How old...?
When...?
How many...?
Where...?
How far...?
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
25/233
25
Unit 9: MAKING QUESTIONS
Question formation is usually different from the formation of statements. We either change the worder or use do.
With be(Unit 16)
Put the verb before the subject.
[S]:STATEMENT, [Q]:QUESTION
[S] They areFrench.[Q] Arethey French?
[S] His father's name isPatrick.[Q] What ishis father's name?
With one-word verb formations
Put the correct form of the verb dobefore the subject.
Present tense: 3rd person singular (Unit 2)
[S] She works in a bank.[Q] Doesshe work in a bank?
Present tense: all other persons
[S] They live near the airport.[Q] Where dothey live?
Past tense:[S] They left last week.
[Q] When didthey leave?
NOTICE: After do, use only the base form of the verb.We say:Does he work?NOT does he worksDid she go?NOT did she goes
NOTICE: Docan also be the lexical verb (Unit 3)of a sentence. For example:We say:What doyou do?What doeshe do?What didshe do?
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
26/233
26
With other verb formations
Put the first word (only) of the verb before the subject.
[S] They are watching television.[Q] Aretheywatchingtelevision?
[S] I can see the plane.
[Q] Canyou seethe plane?
[S] She has gone to England to study.[Q] Why hasshe goneto England?
[S] The new airport will be built here.[Q] Where willthe new airport be built?
[S] It has been snowing for two hours.[Q] How long hasit been snowing?
NOTICE:It does not matter how many words there are in the subject. One word of the verb always before it.
We say:Dothe people who live on the corner haveanother house?When willthe new terminal for the Toronto Airport be finished?
BUTif the question word is also the subject, we do not put anything before it (Unit 10).
Word agreement
We normally use 'negative words' (Unit 5)with questions:
Have you got anymoney?NOT some
Have you finished yet?NOT already
But if we think or hope that the answer to the question will be yes, we can use 'affirmative words
Have you got somemoney?You are my friend, and I want to borrow some from you.
Have you finished already?It seems to me that you are finished, but this surprises me.
It is better to ask Would you like somecoffee? Because we hope the answer will be yes. It is frie
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
27/233
27
Exercise 9.1: Word orderChange the order of the words or groups of words to make a correct sentence.Example:
1. am2. very happy3. I
Answer: 312
Question 11. ?2. like3. you4. tomatoes5. do
Correct order: Correct. 5. do 3.you 2.like 4. tomatoes 1.?
Question 21. does2. belong to3. that car4. ?5. who
Correct order: Correct. 5. who 1.does 3. that car 2. belong to 4.?
Question 31. you2. do3. ?4. when we arrive5. know
Correct order: Correct. 2. do 1.you 5.know 4. when we arrive 3.?
Question 41. where he is2. ?3. you4. know5. do
Correct order: Correct. 5. do 3.you 4.know 1. where he is 2.?
Question 51. you2. have3. been doing4. ?5. what
Correct order: Correct. 5. what 2.have 1.you 3.been doing 4.?
53241
51324
21543
53412
52134
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
28/233
28
Exercise 9.2: Making questions
Complete the questions in Column Aby using phrases from Column Bto fill in the blanks. Typeletter you choose in the numbered box.
Question 1
Column A
1. Where __E__ go yesterday? I went to school.2. __C__ come to the party? Yes, I will if I have time.3. When __B__ up this morning? I got up at half past six.4. Why __A__ driving so slowly? There's a police car behind us.5. Why __D__ finish that report? Because I was too tired.
Column B
A. are youB. did you getC. Will you
D. didn't youE. did you
Answer:
1: 2: 3: 4: 5:E C B A D
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
29/233
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
30/233
30
Exercise 10.1: What can you ask?Please make correct sentences using the words below.
Question 11. which2. are arriving3. teams
4. tomorrow?Correct order: Correct. 1.which 3.teams 2. are arriving 4.tomorrow?
Question 21. many2. how3. arrived late?4. students
Correct order: Correct. 2.how 1.many 4. students 3.arrived late?
Question 31. did
2. who3. Carrie4. meet?
Correct order: Correct. 2.who 1.did 3. Carrie 4.meet?
Question 41. Carrie2. met3. at the station?4. who
Correct order: Correct. 4.who 2.met 1.Carrie 4.at the station?
Question 51. what2. in the3. happened4. classroom?
Correct order: Correct. 1.what 3.happened 2. in the 4.classroom?
1324
2143
2134
4213
1324
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
31/233
31
Unit 11: SHORT ANSWERSWe can use short answers to answer (1) questions which ask for 'yes' or 'no' and (2) subject quest(Unit 10). The verb of a short answer contains only the first auxiliary (Unit 3).
With the verb be
[Q]:QUESTION, [A]:SHORT ANSWER
[Q] Arethey students?[A] Yes, they are.
[Q] Ishe at home?[A] No, he isnot.
[Q] Who wasthe winner?[A] John was.
With present and past simple (Units19,21)
[Q] Doeshe drive a Mercedes?
[A] No, he doesn't.[Q] DidJohn meet Maria at the airport?[A] Yes, he did.
[Q] Who gaveyou all that money?[A] My father did. NOT my father gave
[Q] Who livesin that house?[A] John does. NOTJohn lives
NOTICE: Question: Does he drive a Mercedes?
CORRECT ANSWERS:
Yes.Yes, he does.Yes, he drives a Mercedes.
WRONG ANSWERS:Yes, he drives.
Yes, he does drive.
With other verb formations[Q] Arethey having a party?[A] Yes, they are.
[Q] WillCanada win the World Cup?[A] No, they won't. (will not)
[Q] Haveyou been working hard?[A] No, I haven't.
[Q] Who hasgot a light green car?[A] John has.
NOTICE: We normally use the short form of not(n't) in short answers.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit19.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit19.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit19.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit21.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit21.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit21.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit19.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit3.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit10.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
32/233
32
Exercise 11.1: Short answers
Answer the questions in column Awith a short answer. Match the questions with a suitable answfrom the choices provided in column B.
Question 1
Column A
1. Are you a student? (C)2. Was English difficult for you at first? (A)3. Who first taught you English? (E)4. Can you help me, please? (B)5. What's your favourite subject at school? (D)
Column B
A. Yes, it was.B. Yes, I can.C. Yes, I am.D. Geography is.
E. My teacher did.
Answer:
1: 2: 3: 4: 5:
Exercise 11.2: Short Answers
Choose the correct short answers to the questions below.
1. Are they having a party?
Correct. Yes, they are
2. Does she work here?
Correct. Yes, she does
3. Will you drive me home?
Correct. No, I wont
4. Who usually sits here?
Correct. Cathy does
5. Who has got my book?
Correct. I have
C A E B D
Yes, they are.
Yes, she does .
No, I won't.
Cathy does .
I have.
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
33/233
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
34/233
34
Exercise 12.1: Tag questions
Complete the sentence in column Ausing a 'tag question' to fill in the blank. Match the questionswith a suitable answer from the choices provided in column B.
Question 1
Column A
1. It was a wonderful match, __E__?2. They're the best in the country, __D__?3. She couldn't have arrived already, __C__?4. He doesn't like studying English, __A__?5. You spent five years in China, __B__?
Column B
A. does he?B. didn't you?C. could she?D. aren't they?
E. wasn't it?
Answer: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5:E D C A B
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
35/233
35
Unit 13: INDIRECT QUESTIONS AND 'NON-
QUESTIONS'
Direct and indirect questions
Where is the bank? is a DIRECT QUESTION.
Do you know where the bank is? is an INDIRECT QUESTION. It is a polite way of gettinginformation.
Do not use question formation (Unit 9)after the question word because you have
already used it before the word.
Could you tell me how much it costs? (NOT does it cost)
Do you know where the toilets are? (NOT are the toilets)
Can you ask him when we can leave? (NOT can we leave)
Could you tell me what they are doing? (NOT are they doing)
For an indirect question without a question word, use if:
Could you tell me if the flight from New York has arrived?
Do you know if the flight to New York has left yet?
Reported questions
These questions tell us about questions, but they do not ask them. They are REPORTEDQUESTIONS.
She wants to know when the course begins. (NOT does ... begin)
He wants to know where he can smoke. (NOT can he smoke)
Statements with question words
Here are some more statements with question words:
I can't remember where I have put them. (NOT have I put)
I'd like to know what you saw there. (NOT did you see)
They haven't decided where they will go. (NOT will they go)
Exclamation
An exclamation shows interest or surprise. They use question words but, again, they are not
questions.
What a beautiful day it is! (NOT is it)
Look how fast they are going! (NOT are they going)
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit9.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
36/233
36
Exercise 13.1: What can you ask?
Make a suitable question for each situation described below. Make a suitable question from thefollowing choices.
1. You are looking for the bank. You ask somebody on the street.
Correct. Can you tell me where the bank is?
2. You are making a drink for a friend.
Correct. Would you like tea or coffee?
3. You want to meet with Maria. You ask her.
Correct. Can we meet on Friday?
4. You have just given your opinion. You want to know if other people agree with you or not.
Correct. What do you think?
5. Your friend has bought a beautiful new dress. You want to compliment her
Correct. What a pretty dress?
Can you tell me where the bank is?
Would you like tea o r coffee?
Can we meet on Friday?
What do you think?
What a pretty dress !
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
37/233
37
Exercise 13.2: Indirect Questions and Non-questionsChange the order of the words or groups of words to make a correct sentence.Example:1. ?2. could3. me, please
4. you helpAnswer:2431
Question 11. do you know2. where3. the bank4. ?5. is
Correct order: Correct. 1. do you know 2.where 3. the bank 5.is 4.?
Question 21. where he2. can3. to know4. he wants5. smoke
Correct order: Correct. 4. he wants 3. to know 1.where he 2.can 5.smoke
Question 31. ?2. tell me3. how4. could you
5. to spell that
Correct order: Correct. 4. could you 2.tell me 3.how 5. to spell that 1.?
Question 41. I2. haven't decided3. will4. when I5. leave
Correct order: Correct. 1. I 2. haven't decided 4. when I 3.will 5.leave
Question 51. who is coming2. ask3. can you4. with him5. ?
Correct order: Correct. 3. can you 2.ask 1. who is coming 4.with him 5.?
12354
43125
42351
12435
32145
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
38/233
38
C.Verbs (Unit 14-41)
Unit 14: VERB FORMSEnglish verbs have very few forms. Most verbs are REGULARand have four forms. It is easy tomake these forms because they all change in the same way. But some important verbs are
IRREGULAR, and we make their forms in different ways. Only the verb be(Unit 16)has more five forms.
Base form
This is the form you can find in a dictionary.
EXAMPLES:work/ hurry/ do/ live/ have/ cut
-s form
HOW TO FORM IT:Add s
PROBLEMS:Verbs ending in ch/ sh/ o/s/ y/ zchange spelling (Appendix 5).
EXAMPLES:works/ lives/ cuts/ hurries/ has/ does
-ing form
HOW TO FORM IT:Add ing
PROBLEMS:Verbs ending in eor 1vowel + 1consonant change spelling (Appendix 6).
EXAMPLES:working/ living/ cutting/ hurrying/ having/ doing
Past form
HOW TO FORM IT:Add ed
PROBLEMS:Verbs ending in eor ychange spelling (Appendix 6).Irregular verb forms are different (Appendix 10).
EXAMPLES:worked/ lived/ hurried/ cut/ had/ did
Past participle
HOW TO FORM IT (REGULAR VERBS):With regular verbs, use the same as the past form(ed).
EXAMPLES:worked/ lived/ hurried/
HOW TO FORM IT (IRREGULAR VERBS):Irregular verb forms are sometimes the same astheir past forms and sometimes different (Appendix 10).
EXAMPLES:cut/ had/ done
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix10.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix6.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/appendix5.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
39/233
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
40/233
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
41/233
41
Unit 15: USING THE VERB FORMSUnit 14tells you the names of the different forms and how to make them. This unit tells you wheuse them.
Base form
IN PRESENT TENSE (except for 3rd person singular)
EXAMPLES: We livenear you.Haveyou lived here long?Doyou live here?
AFTER AUXILIARY VERB DO (Unit 17)
EXAMPLE: Did you livethere?
IN IMPERATIVES (Unit 18)
EXAMPLE: Havea seat!
AFTER TO
EXAMPLE: I wanted to gohome.
AFTER MODAL VERBS (Unit 27)
EXAMPLE: You must hurry.
-s formUse only in third person singular (Unit 2)of present tense.
EXAMPLES: He livesnear you.Hashe lived here long?Doeshe live here?
Past formUse only in past tense.
EXAMPLES: They livednear you.He hadlived with them.Didyou live here?
-ing formIN CONTINUOUS FORMATIONS (Units22,23,24)
EXAMPLES: He is livingwith them.She has been swimming.
AS A NOUN (Unit 48)
EXAMPLE: Livinghere is very nice.
Past participleIN PERFECT FORMATIONS (Unit 24)
EXAMPLE: He has livedin many places.
IN PASSIVE FORMATIONS (Unit 43)
EXAMPLE: Tea is drunkeverywhere.
NOTICE: The forms of beand their uses are inUnit 16.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit18.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit18.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit18.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit22.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit22.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit22.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit23.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit23.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit23.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit48.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit48.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit48.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit16.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit43.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit48.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit24.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit23.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit22.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit2.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit27.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit18.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit17.phphttp://www.eslau.ca/lesson/unit14.php8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
42/233
42
Exercise 15.1: Word orderChange the order of the words or groups of words to make a correct sentence.Example:1. have2. working hard3. been
4. IAnswer: 4132
Question 11. stronger and stronger2. getting3. the wind4. is
Correct order: Correct. 3. the wind 4. is 2. getting 1.stronger and stronger
Question 21. feeling2. the passengers3. were4. very sick
Correct order: Correct. 2. the passengers 3.were 1. feeling 4.very sick
Question 31. not2. enjoy myself3. I4. did
Correct order: Correct. 3. I 4.did 1.not 2.enjoy myself
Question 41. gone2. have3. I should4. by plane
Correct order: Correct. 3. I should 2.have 1.gone 4.by plane
Question 51. give2. some advice3. let me4. you
Correct order: Correct. 3. let me 1.give 4. you 2.some advice
3421
2314
3412
3214
3142
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
43/233
43
Exercise 15.2: The correct verb form
Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in the brackets.Example: I have ____ (go) to lunch.Answer:I have goneto lunch.
1. Dinosaurs were some of the biggest animals that have ever __lived__ (live) on the earth.
2. Scientists have __discovered__ (discover) a lot about these creatures.
3. They are always __finding__ (find) new information.
4. Lately, scientists have been __studying__ (study) a new idea.
5. The idea is that dinosaurs might have __had__ (have) warm blood - just like us!
lived
discovered
finding
studying
had
8/12/2019 ESL-English as Second Language
44/233
44
Unit 16: THE VERB "BE"The verb beis unusual because it has eight (8) forms.
We use the base form be . . .
IN IMPERATIVES (Unit 18)
EXAMPLES: Bequiet! I can't hear.
AFTER TO
EXAMPLES: Try to bequiet, please.
AFTER MODAL VERBS (Unit 27)
EXAMPLES: You must bequieter than that.They will bemade here soon.
We use three (3) forms,am/ is/ are, for present tense
EXAMPLES: I amtrying to be quiet.
He isvery quiet.These cars aremade in Japan.
We use two (2) forms, was/ were, for past tense
EXAMPLES: I wastrying to be quiet.He wasvery quiet all the time.They weremade very well.
NOTICE:If you are not sure about which form to use (amor isor areor wasor were), look atU4.
We use being . . .IN CONTINUOUS FORMATIONS (Unit 22)
EXAMPLES: You are beingvery quiet.They are beingmade here now.
AS PART OF THE SUBJECT
EXAMPLES: Beingquiet is hard for children.
We use been . . .
IN PERFECT FORMATIONS (UnitsUnit 24,Unit 26)
EXAMPLES: He had beenquiet for a long time.They have beenmade here for years.We've beenmaking them quickly.
NOTICE: Every passive formation (Unit 43)has a form of the verb bein it.
NOTICE:Unit 17tells you more about beas an auxiliary verb.
http://www.eslau.ca/lesso