ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

EMSOEMSOEuropean Multidisciplinary Seafloor ObservatoryEuropean Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory

Paolo FavaliPaolo Favali

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, ItalyIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Italy

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

EMSO, a Research Infrastructure of the ESFRI Roadmap (European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures), is the European network of seafloor observatories (cabled & acoustically linked), constituting a distributed infrastructure for long-term (mainly) real-time monitoring of environmental processes related to ecosystems, global changes and geo-hazards to study also the interactions between geo-, bio- and hydro-sphere

In the EC-FP7 EMSO Preparatory Phase (12 countries) started in April 2008 for 4 years, with the aim to design and create the legal entity in charge of the infrastructure

Favali & Beranzoli, 2009a

http://cordis.europa.eu/esfri/roadmap.htm

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ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

INGVINGV - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Italy) ITUITU - Istanbul Teknik Universitesi (Turkey)

IFREMERIFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l’exploitation de la MER (France)

UiTUiT - University of Tromsø (Norway)

NOCSNOCS - National Oceanography Centre Southampton (United Kingdom)

HCMRHCMR - Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (Greece)

KDMKDM - Konsortium Deutsche Meeresforschung e.V. (Germany)

IMIIMI - Irish Marine Institute (Ireland)

NIOZNIOZ - Stichting Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Zeeonderzoek (The Netherlands)

UGOTUGOT - Goteborgs Universitet (Sweden)

UTM-CSIC - Unidad de Tecnologia Marina - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (Spain)

FFCULFFCUL - Fundação da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal)

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

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EMSO

NEPTUNE (Canada)

DONET (Japan)

MACHO (Taiwan)

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MARS(USA)

VENUS(Canada)

OOI(USA)

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Long-Term, Real-TimeCabled Observatories

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

• Role of the Ocean in ClimateRole of the Ocean in Climate• Turbulent mixing and Biophysical interactionsTurbulent mixing and Biophysical interactions• Ecosystem dynamics and BiodiversityEcosystem dynamics and Biodiversity• Fluids and Life in the Ocean Crust Fluids and Life in the Ocean Crust • Dynamics of lithosphere and Imaging Earth’s interiorDynamics of lithosphere and Imaging Earth’s interior

Scientific ThemesScientific Themes

http://www.oceanleadership.org/ocean_observing

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

EQ faults

magma chambersMantle

convection

geodetic spreading

hydrothermalism

Time & Space scales of major ocean and earth processesTime & Space scales of major ocean and earth processes

Redrawn from figure courtesy of Dudley Chelton, Oregon State University (see also Dichey & Chang, 2001)

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Interdisciplinary research prioritiesInterdisciplinary research priorities • Physical oceanography water mass characterisation, water column processes, thermodynamics, ice cover, climatology, and impacts on climate change

• Biogeochemistry global carbon cycle and elemental cycling within the ocean through both physical and biological processes, and ocean acidification

• Marine ecology distribution and abundance of sea life, ocean productivity, biodiversity, ecosystem function, living resources, and climate feedbacks• Geoscience transfer from Earth’s interior to the crust, hydrosphere and biosphere, fluid flow and gas seepage through sediments and gas hydrate, non-living resources, sediment transfer to deep-sea and climate change

• Geo-hazards earthquake and tsunami hazard, volcanic hazard, slope instability and failure

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

DATA• multiparametric long-term (years) time-series

• measurements of sub-sea and water column

SEAFLOOR SEAFLOOR OBSERVATORY OBSERVATORY

MEASUREMENTSMEASUREMENTS

• Seismic ground motion• Gravity• Magnetism• Geodesy and seafloor deformation • Fluid related processes monitoring• Chemical and Aqueous Transport (CAT) • Pore pressure• Gas hydrate monitoring• Dissolved Fe, Mn and sulfide species• Acoustic tomography• CTD equipment for hydrothermal vents• Methane• Carbon dioxide• Heat Flow

• Nutrient analyzers • pH, Eh and alkalinity• hydrocarbon fluorescence• In situ Mass spectrometer• Particle flux trap• Image based particle flux• Pigment fluorescence• Deep biosphere sensors• Time-Lapse Cameras• Holographic imaging• Video• Passive acoustics• Active acoustics• Zooplankton sampling• In situ sample processors with molecular/ genetic probes• In situ respiration

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

EXAMPLES OF RI SERVICES EXAMPLES OF RI SERVICES

Basics

• Technical Assistance

• Power supply and data transmission (e.g., junction boxes)

• Logistics (e.g., ships, underwater vehicles)

Test beds for

• Validation of prototype of underwater sensors

• Validation of new devices for underwater observatories

• Materials in corrosive ambient and lasting high pressure

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Technical Economic Plan

Creation of EMSO organisation body

FUNDING FUNDING AGENCIESAGENCIESAGREEMENT AND AGREEMENT AND COMMITTMENTCOMMITTMENT

EMSO-PP will constitute EMSO-PP will constitute the roundtable to build the roundtable to build consensus among Nations consensus among Nations

Goals of the Preparatory PhaseGoals of the Preparatory Phase

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Output: Legal Framework and Governance

ESFRI Definition for Distributed RI:– “...is a singular Research Infrastructure, having a unique Name and

legal status, Management Structure (director or board of directors), Strategy and Development Plan, Access point for users, Annual Report and Fiscal address although its research facilities are distributed in multiple sites...”

“This would range between:– An infrastructure having facilities located in different sites,

operated solely by one legal entity, and

– An infrastructure set up as a central hub which is responsible for the coordinated operation of several closely coordinated facilities...”

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Output: financial engineering

ResearchInfrastructure

Member States

European Commission

Other Stakeholders

(e.g., Industry)

EIB

Funding through national programmes

Funding through RTD programmes or inclusion in DG-REGIO/DG-DEV strategic plans

Loans

Up to 50% of project costs

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Benefits Benefits for the Scientific Communityfor the Scientific Community

EMSO will bring about a breakthrough on:

Geo-hazard warning Environmental policies Understanding the climate impacts and the anthropogenic forcing High-level training and education of researchers, engineers and technicians Knowledge and technology transfer Interaction with industry

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

ImpactImpact

Public PolicyPublic Policy– EnvironmentalEnvironmental– ResourcesResources– Public health and safetyPublic health and safety– SecuritySecurity

Economic DevelopmentEconomic Development– Growth of marine technology industryGrowth of marine technology industry– Innovative technologiesInnovative technologies– TourismTourism

Education and Public EngagementEducation and Public Engagement

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Benefits for the SocietyBenefits for the Society

• Natural hazard mitigation (earthquakes, tsunamis)• Understanding climate changes• Marine environment preservation and sustainable

development• Strong impact on SMEs in marine technologies• Potential involvement of the oil companies and

biotecnology industries• Impact on education and job creation opportunities

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Running S&T activities

Status of ESONET/EMSO sites

Test sites (shallow water)

Permanent infrastructures

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Synergies with other ESFRI ESFRI Infrastructures

SIOS

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

PerspectivesPerspectivesShort-term:• The EMSO Preparatory Phase will create the legal governance to

establish and manage the infrastructure

• In most of the EMSO sites permanent structures are under development

Long-term:• Multidisciplinary time series (sub-seafloor, seafloor and water column)

to study Ecosystems, Global changes, Earth Sciences and Geo-hazards and for Environment protection

• Platform for data access and management

• Marine component of GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) and GEOSS (Global Earth Observation System of Systems)

ESONET, 2nd All Regions Workshop, 5-7 October 2009, Paris

Thank you Thank you for your attentionfor your attention

Paolo Favali Paolo Favali EMSO-PP Co-ordinatorEMSO-PP Co-ordinator

emsopp@ingv.itemsopp@ingv.it