Essential Biology E3 Innate and Learned Behaviour Due Date: Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171- Blog resource: http://tinyurl.com/4zwolm7 Click4Biology: http://click4biology.info/c4b/E/E3.htm Cite all sources using the CSE method (or ISO 690 Numerical in Word). The first example has been done for you. Highlight all objective 1 command terms in yellow and complete these before class. Highlight all objective 2 and 3 command terms in green – these will be part of the discussions in class. After class, go back and review them. 1. Distinguish between innate and learned behaviour: Innate Learned Basis/ foundation? Genetic (predetermined) Based on experience. (1) Modification by the individual? Variation within population? Effect of environment Effect of natural selection Human examples Non-human examples 2. TOK and Biology: To what extent are human behaviours innate or the product of learning? Watch the video clip on Facial Expressions from the California Academy of Sciences : (http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=5G6ZR5lJgTI ) a. What was the research question of the investigation? Stephen Taylor Bandung International School http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Transcript
Essential Biology E3 Innate and Learned Behaviour Due Date:Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
Blog resource: http://tinyurl.com/4zwolm7 Click4Biology: http://click4biology.info/c4b/E/E3.htm
Cite all sources using the CSE method (or ISO 690 Numerical in Word). The first example has been done for you. Highlight all objective 1 command terms in yellow and complete these before class. Highlight all objective 2 and 3 command terms in green – these will be part of the discussions in class. After class, go back and review them.
1. Distinguish between innate and learned behaviour:
Innate Learned
Basis/ foundation? Genetic (predetermined) Based on experience. (1)
Modification by the individual?
Variation within population?
Effect of environment
Effect of natural selection
Human examples
Non-human examples
2. TOK and Biology: To what extent are human behaviours innate or the product of learning?Watch the video clip on Facial Expressions from the California Academy of Sciences: (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5G6ZR5lJgTI)
a. What was the research question of the investigation?
b. What is the effect of the observer on lab-based studies of behaviour?
c. Why did the blind Olympians provide a good model for research?
d. What conclusions could be drawn in the study? Why?
Stephen Taylor Bandung International School http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Essential Biology E3 Innate and Learned Behaviour Due Date:Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
7. Define learning.
8. Discuss how the process of learning can improve chances of survival, with reference to non-human examples.
9. Distinguish between these methods of associative learning:
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Imprinting
10. Outline Pavlov’s experiments into classical conditioning, with reference to the terms unconditioned stimulus, conditioned stimulus, unconditioned response and conditioned response.
Stephen Taylor Bandung International School http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Essential Biology E3 Innate and Learned Behaviour Due Date:Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
11. Birdsong is in part innate and in part learned behaviour. a. Outline the function of birdsong with regard to sexual selection.
b. Distinguish between the innate and learned components of birdsong development.
Innate (template song)
Learned
c. Explain how imprinting is vital in the learned part of birdsong development.
d. Birds raised in captivity are not exposed to adult songs or regional dialects of their own songs. Explain why they will not be reproductively successful if released into the wild.
e. Suggest methods by which captive-reared birds might acquire fully-formed, regional adult birdsongs with help from their human keepers.
Stephen Taylor Bandung International School http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Essential Biology E3 Innate and Learned Behaviour Due Date:Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
Questions 12 and 13 taken from the QuestionBank CD Rom.
12. Banded wrens (Thryothorus pleurostictus) are known to sing actively in defence of their territories during the breeding season. Males possess over twenty different song-types. When two males approach each other near a boundary they engage in counter-singing and some song-types will be shared. The following diagram shows the pattern of song-types used during an interaction between two males at their territorial boundary in the Guanacaste Conservation Area, Costa Rica. The arrows indicate when both males sang identical song-types in succession. The interaction ended without a fight when the males retreated from the boundary.
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
S o n g -ty p e
B ird s ap p ro ach B ird s re trea tT im e / 1 so n g ev e ry 11 seco n d s
b ird Ib ird J
a. Identify which song-types are shared between both males.
Essential Biology E3 Innate and Learned Behaviour Due Date:Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
13. Two groups of 15 rats were trained to escape from an electric shock that was applied to one compartment of their cages. For one group (labelled EscD) the shock coincided with switching off the light, resulting in darkness in that compartment. The training was repeated for five sessions. The graphs below show the mean results for the two groups.
G ro u p E sc G ro u p E scD
E scap etim es / s
S ess io n S ess io n
3 .0
2 .5
2 .0
1 .5
1 .0
0 .5
0 .0
3 .0
2 .5
2 .0
1 .5
1 .0
0 .5
0 .01 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
[Source: K. Zielinski and Savonenko, (2000), Acta Neurobiol. Exp, 60, pages 457-465]
(a) (i) Calculate the difference in escape times in session 1 between the two groups.
(c) If the researchers were to continue their experiments with the group Esc and apply the same experimental conditions as for the group EscD, predict what would happen to the escape times for the group Esc.
Find out about the genes responsible for human language development (search FOXP2). What characteristics do we share with our animal ancestors?
Thinking:
How have behavioural theories shaped education and learning and how have they been used and abused throughout history? (Lorenz, famous for imprinting theory, was a member of the Nazis).
Do historical behavioural studies push the boundaries of modern ethics?
Stephen Taylor Bandung International School http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Answers are presented in a logical and concise manner. SI units used most times, with correct
unit symbols and definitions of terms. All mathematical working shown.
Further research NA
Evidence is apparent of research and reading beyond the textbook and presentations to find correct answers to challenging questions. If any questions are unanswered, this criterion scores
zero.
Stephen Taylor Bandung International School http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
