Chapter 6 DNA Replication, Repair, and

Recombination

Essential Cell Biology

Third Edition

Copyright © Garland Science 2010

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Incorrectly inserted nucleotides are removed by DNA Pol 5’-> 3’ editing activity

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With proofreading, error rate is 1 error in 107 bases

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The replacement of RNA in DNA requires three enzymes

Nuclease, DNA polymerase

DNA ligase

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Single base-pair changes in DNA give rise to many diseases

Also……  

Hun$ngton’s  Disease  

Hemacrhomatosis  

Cys$c  fibrosis  

Muscular  Dystrophy  

Haemophilia  A  &  B  

Achonroplasia  

And  many  others!  

~1013 - 1014 cells in human body

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Accumula+on  of  muta+ons  increases  cancer  risk  

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The efficient synthesis of DNA has enabled synthesis of microbial genomes

See interview on “60 Minutes”

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Wear  a  hat  with  a  wide  brim  

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Deaminda+on  of  Cytosine  Yields  Uracil  and  a    permanent  G-­‐>A  muta+on  

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Depurina+on  results  in  base-­‐pair  dele+on  

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