. DOCUMENT RESUME ',ED 125 541 Ih 003 625 TITLE Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1975. Ninety-Fourth Congress, Second'Session.. INSTITUTION library of Congress, Washingtoni* c.c. PUB LATE 76 NOTE 185p.; House Document No. 94-442 Ers PRICE 812-$0.83 HC-$10.03 Plus 4Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Annual Reports; Copyrights; Exhibits; *Government Libra-ries; Iw .Libraries-; *Leaialative Reference Libraries; Library Administration; Library Automation; Library Expenditures;, Library Reference Services; Library Services; Library Technical Processes; *National Libraries; Publications IDENTIFIERS *Library of Congress ABSTRACT A short history of the Library of Congress since its \establishment in 1800 is traced in the introduction, which also contains a brief narrative overview of the year's activities including special services, a Bicentennial program, exhibits, publications, appropriaticns, copyright, and automation. Separate chapters are devoted to the activities and achievements of six major components of the Library of Congress: Processing Department, Congressional Research Service, Reference Department, Law Library, Administrative Department, and Copyright Office. Appendixes include statistics and financial information as well a; lists of exhibits, concerts, lecture and programs, and publications. An organization chart is included, along with lists of board and committee members and consultants. (LS) **************************************************t******************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available.Nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductipns ERIC makes available * *'via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the,best that can be made from the original. .********************************************************4:**************
Transcript
.DOCUMENT RESUME
',ED 125 541 Ih 003 625
TITLE Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress for the
Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1975. Ninety-FourthCongress, Second'Session..
INSTITUTION library of Congress, Washingtoni* c.c.PUB LATE 76NOTE 185p.; House Document No. 94-442
ABSTRACTA short history of the Library of Congress since its
\establishment in 1800 is traced in the introduction, which also
contains a brief narrative overview of the year's activitiesincluding special services, a Bicentennial program, exhibits,publications, appropriaticns, copyright, and automation. Separatechapters are devoted to the activities and achievements of six major
components of the Library of Congress: Processing Department,Congressional Research Service, Reference Department, Law Library,Administrative Department, and Copyright Office. Appendixes include
statistics and financial information as well a; lists of exhibits,
concerts, lecture and programs, and publications. An organization
chart is included, along with lists of board and committee members
and consultants. (LS)
**************************************************t********************Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished
* materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort *
* to obtain the best copy available.Nevertheless, items of marginal *
* reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality
* of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductipns ERIC makes available *
*'via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not
* responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions *
* supplied by EDRS are the,best that can be made from the original..********************************************************4:**************
1
94th Congress, 2d Session
ISSN 0683-1565
'ANNUALREPORT
"OFTHE
LIBRARIANOF
CONGRES
House Document No 94-442
to FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING. JU E 30, 1975 .
BRARY OF CONGRESS
WASHINGTON 1976
r
a
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 6.6233
ISSN 0083-1565 K4 title Annual report of the Librarian of Congress
End sheets, front City of Washington m 1800, engraving byHeath after George [sham Parityns, 1804, back, City of Washington,mural by Susan Sayer, 1965Title page' Washington, D.C., lithograph by L N. Rosenthal, 1862.
j
/
/
1
,
,
,
Jotnt Committee on the Library'
*
Library of Congress Trust Fund BoardForms of Gifts or Bequests to the Library of CongressOfficers ofthe Library .
Committees of the Libraryf Consultants of the Library. , ,
Letter of TransmittalOrganization Chart
r
CONTENTS
Introduction e 1
I The Processing Department' 13
2 The Congressional Research Service 29
3 The Reference Department .43
. 4 The Law Library . . . 55
5 The Administrative Department 63
6 The Copyright Office 71
Appendixes
1 Library of Congress Trust Fund Board A12 Acquisitions and Acquisitions Work3 Cataloging and Maintenance of Catalogs
7 Services to the Blind and Physically Handicappedg Preservation and Restoration
A-I6A-19
9 Employment A-20
10 Legislation ... .. ....... 1 . . . A-21
11 Financial Statistics '" A-22
12 Exhibits - A-40
13' Concerts, Lectures, and Other Programs A-45
14 Library of:Congress Publications A-47
Index I.1
\...,
...
v
4
I
Joint Committee on the Library, 94th Congress, 1st SessionRepresentative Lucien N Nedzi Ch.trmanSenator Howard V, Cannon f I<a Chairman
Members of the Committee Representatives Salnuel L Devine, Mayne L Hay s John Brademas. and V. Henson Moore
Senators ( forborne Pell Harrison A Viilhams, Jr Hugh Scott and Robert P Griffin. C1ik-1 Clerk William B Canfield. III
Library of CQngress Trust Fund Board'An at of ( ongress approved Marsh 3, 1925, as amended, created the Library vf Congress Trust E und Board a
quasi - corporation with perpetual succession and all the usual powers of a trustee. including the power to 'imest, reinvest. or
retain investments and, specifically fhc adthority. 1-6 accept-, revery hoittond adrirfaster such gifts, bequests ardrvrces---i.t property for the benefit or, or in connection with, the Library, its collections. or its services. as may be approved by the
Boaii and 15Y the Joint ( ommit tee on the Library (12 S C 2 154-16314"
notable pro ,ision of the act 'Section 2: last paragraph) permits endowment funds, up to a total limit of S 10.000.000.
to be treated as a perpetual loan to the )noted States Treasury, at an assured interest of 4 percent per annum
Members of the Board on October 1, 1975 William E Simon, Secretary of the Treasury, Chairrwri Representative
Lucien N Nedil, Chairman of the Joint Committee on the Library, Daniel J Boorstin. Librarian of Congress (took office
\enehlr'(r I. I 975). ,Se ,emir' Mrs Charles 4, Lngelhard, Jr 'term reptres %larch IV801, and Walter,S Gubelmann
if< rot expires )larch 9, 1970
7Forms of Gifts- or Bequests to the Library of .Congress01 MAI-IILIA!,
To the L nited States of America. to be placed in the Library of Congress and administered therein by the authorities
thereof
al \IONIA I OR IMAll MAIL APPI I( ATION
General (ojt fo the Lnited States of America, to be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States to the credit of
the Library of ( ongress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress "
Speali( (qlt f o the I. nited States of America, to be deposited with the 1 reasurer of the United States to the credit of
the Library of ( ngress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian of ( ongress in furtherance of Idescribe purpose which
may be any spec e purpose consistent with the general program of the Library of Congress j "I rumple Gilt or bequest to the Library facsimile program To the United States'bf America,, to be deposited with the
Treasurer of the United States to the credit of the Library of C ongress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian ofCongress in furtherance of the Library facsimile program "
01 I tiDOW All NIS 01 MON! Y. 51 CUR ITIFS, vorrILR PROPLR1 Y No/
To the Library of ( ongress I rust I und Board, to be administered for the benefit of, or in connection with the Library
of C9ngry,441, its collections, or its service "
7,7NOLL Subject to federal statutes and rit.gulations, gifts, bequests, or devises to the United)tates for the benefit of the
Library of Congress, including those to the (rust 1 und Board, and any income therefrom. Nnerally are'evempt from federal
and District of ( olumbia taxes .
VI
5
OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY
Daniel J Boorstin, Librarian of Congress i took otti.e onNovember 12 1975
John (, Lorenz, Deputy Librarian of ( ongressElizabeth Harner Kean Vivisi-ant Librarian's)! Congress
OFFICE OF THE'LIBRARIAN
I !nest C Barker Chief Internal AuditorJames H Hutson Coordinator, Amerks,in Revolution-Bicen-
tennial ProgramThomas C Brickeen, Coordinator, Equal OpportunityOffice
Marlene D Morrisey, I xecutise Assistant to the LibrarianJames P Riley Executive Directgr. I ederal Library Corn-
nutlet:. and Chairman, t. S, National Libraries Task I orceon Automation and Other Cooperative Services
Herbert J Sanborn, F xhibits OfficerJohn J Kormnski, General CounselMary C, Lethbridge, Information Officer.Helen-Anne Milker, Interpretive Projects OtTicerAdoreen M McCormick. legislative Liaison OfficerSarah L Wallace. Publications OfficerGladys 0 I ields, Special Assistant to the Librarian
ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT
I red F Croxton, DirectorHoward A. Blancher% I xecutive OfficerI razer G. Poole, Coordinator of Building PlanningCharles G I Aloud, Jr Chief. Photoduplication Service
Information Systems
Willem R Nugent, Assistant Director for InformationSystems Development
(Vacant). Assistant Coordinator of Information SystemsCharlene A Woody, Chief, Computer Applications OfficeMartin V tisghes, Chief. Computer Service CenterIheodore f,. Leach. Chief. System Development and Stan-
dards Office
A .01 Noi eviler 1.1975
Management Services
Arthur Yabrotf, Assistant Director for Management
Sers:ices
Buildings Management Office
Gerald T Garvey Chiet
Central Services Division
Ida I Wilson. Chief
Financial Management Office
Donald C Curran, ChiefVsilliam C. Myers, Accounting OfficerJohn 0 Hemperley, Budget OfficerEdwin M. Kuntz, Disbursing Officer
Procurement and Supply Division
I loyd D fledrisk, Chief
Personnel
Robert W Hutchison. Assistant Director for PersonnelI ugene C Powell, Jr Assistant Personnel DirectorEugene Walton. Assistant Personnel Director for Equality
ProgramsLlizabeth W. Ridley. Employee Relations OfficerHamilton B Webb, Health Services!pfficerMartin I . O'Donoghue. Jr , Labor-Management Relations
and Appeals OfficerLeon W Seidner, Personnel Operations OfficerGeorge F, Stringer. Personnel Security Officer(Vacant). Placement and Classification OfficerHarvey H. Joiner. Jr Training Officer
Preservation
I razer G. Poole, Assist'ant Director for PreservationMatt T Roberts, Binding-OfficerEmmett G Trainor. Collections Maintenance OfficerLawrence S Robinson. Preservation Microfilming OfficerJohn C Williams. Research OfficerPeter Waters. Restoration Officer
vii
VW
CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCHSERVICE
(Vacant), DirectorNorman Beckman. Acting DuectorCharles A Goodrum. Assistant DirectorBasil T. Owens, Executive OfficerJames W. Robinson. Coordinator of Research
American Law Division
Joseph E Ross. ChiefElizabeth Yadlosley, Assistant ChiefJohnny H. Killian. Assistant Chief
Congressional Reference Division
Elizabeth I Stroup. ChiefReno J. Conti. Assistant Chief
Economics Division
Leon Cole, ChiefDouglas N Jones, Assistant Chief
Education and Public Welfare Division
William H Robinson, CluefEarl Canfield, Assistant Chief
Environmental Policy Division
Wallace D Bowman, ChiefRobert F Wolf, Assistant Chief
Foreign Affairs Division
Charles R. Gellner, ChiefWarren R. Johnston, Assistant Chief
Government and General Research Division
Kenneth E. Gray, ChiefEre rick L. Scott, Assistant Chief
Library Services Division ,
Merwin C Phelps, ChiefFrederick J. Rosenthal, Assistant Chief
Science Policy Research Division
Charles S. Sheldon II, ChiefWalter A. Hahn, Assistant Chief
Senior Specialgts Division
Norrpan Beckman, Acting Chief
4
REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1975
COPYRIGHT OFFICE
Barbara Ringer, Register of CopyrightsL Clark Hamilton, Deputy Register of Copyrights(Vacant), Assistant Register of CopyrightsDorothy M Schrader. General CounselRose V, Lembo, Senior Adminstrative Officer
Cataloging Division
Robert D Stevens, ChiefAde lia 0 Heller, Assistant 'Chief
,Examining Division
Richard E Glasgow, ChiefHerbert 0. Roberts, Assistant Chief
'Reference Division
Waldo H. Moore, ChiefMark A. Lillis, Assistant Chief
Sell/tee Division....
Cicely P. Osteen, ChiefOrlando L. Campos, Assistant Chief
LAW LIBRARY
Carleton W Kenyon, Law Librarian
American-British Law Division
Marlene C. McGuirl, ChiefRobert L. Nay,Assistant ChiefLoretta A. Norris, Librarian, Anglo-American Law Reading4 Room
EuropeanE Law Division
Edmund C. Jann, ChiefIvan Sipkov, Assistant Chief
Far Eastern Law Division
Tao-tai Hsia, Chief
Hispanic Law Division
Rubens Medina, Chief
r,
Near Eastern and African Law Division
Zuhair E. Jwaideh, Chief
\OFFICERS Of THE LIBRARY
ix
PROCESSING DEPARTMENT Selection Office
lean B Metz. Selection OfficerDonald W Vtoolery, Assistant Selection OfficerWilliam J Welsh, Director
Glen A. Zimmerman, Executive OfficerThomas R Barcus; Technical OfficerJoan Van Blake, Executive.AssistantKim H. Moden, Executive AssistantGrace E Hall, Office Manager
MARC Development Office
Henriette D Avram. Chief. Lucia J. Rather, Assistant Chief
National Union Catalog Publication Project
David A Smith, Head(Vacant), Assistant Head
Technical Processes Research Office
John C. Rather, Chief
Office of the Assistant Director(Acquisitions and Overseas Operations)
s
Edmond L. Applebaum, Assistant DirectorRobert A. Davis, Staff Assistant to the Assistant Director
Exchange and Gift Division
Nathan R. Einhorn, ChiefPeter H. Bridge, Alsistant Chief
Order Division
"A.
Office of the Assistant Director(Cataloging)
Joseph H Howard. Assistant DirectorRobert V Hiatt, Assistant to the Assistant Director
Benjamin A Custer, Chief and Editor, Dewey, DecimalClassification
Edna E. Van Syoc, Assistant Chief
Descriptive Cataloging Division
Elizabeth L. Tate, ChiefWilliam R. Huntley, Assistant ChiefBen R. Tucker, Principal Descriptive CatalogerWilliam A. Gosling, Program Manager, Cataloging in Publi-
cation
MARC Editorial Division
Barbara 1. Roland, Chief0 Margaret M. PattersonAssistant Chief
----'----"Shired Cataloging Division
Nathalie P Delougaz, ChiefHugo W. Christiansen, Assistant Chief
Robert C. Sullivan, Chief ,
Jennifer V. Magnus, Assistant ChiefShirley B. Lebo,' Principal Evaluations Officer
Overseas Operations Division
Frank M. McGowan, ChiefPeter J. de la Garza, Assistant ChiefRodney G. Sarle, Field Director, BrazilJohn C. Crawford, Field Director, East AfricaArnold J. Jacobius, Field Director, German Federal Re-
publicJerry R. James, Field Director, IndiaE. Gene Smith, Assistant ,Field Director for 'Cataloging,
IndiaMichael I. Costin, Assistant Field, Director for Spectil
4.
Operations, IndiaEunice S. Gupta, Fieldthrector, IndonesiaHisao Matsumoto, Field Director, JapanAlvin Moore, Jr., hey Director, Pakistan, and Acting Field
Director, Egypt
8
Subject Cataloging Division
Edward .r. Blume, ChiefDavid G. Remington, Assistant ChiefEugene T. Frosio, Principal Subject Cataloger
Office of the Assistant Director(Processing Services) ,
J
Robert R. Holmes, Assistant Director[Paul M. Flibschman, Staff Assistant to the Assistant
.
Director
Catalog Management Division
Barbara M. Westby, ChiefPatricia S. Hines, Assistdir Chief
Catalog Publicatiori Division
,Glorta H [Isla, ChiefKay I-. Wexler, Assistant ChiefPatrick S. Bernard, Principal Editor
Cataloging Distribution Service Division
Paul F Fdlund, ChiefJohn 1 Pizzo, Assistant ChiefJames L Stevens, Manager, Automated Data Processing
OfficerConstance Stevens. Head, Customer Senitce, SectionErnest C Hedges, Jr., Head, Card Distribution Section
Serial Record Division
Joseph W Price, ChiefRobert D Desmond, Assistant Chief, ManagementVacant), Assistant Chief, National and InternationalOperands
Mary I Sauer, Head, National Serials Data Program
REFERENCE DEPARTMENT
Paul L. Berry, DirectorRobert H. Land, Assistant Director for Bibliographic and
Reference ServicesJohn Charles Finn, Assistant Director for Library Re-
sourcesLdward A. D'Alessandro, Special Assistant for Planning
ManagementJack McDonald, Jr., I xecutive OfficerPeter J. Waiters, Management Specialist
Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped
I rank Kurt Cylke, Chief^Mary Jack Wintle, Assistant ChiefPaul I). I lannery, Assistant Chief for Materials Develop-
mentEllen M. Zabel, Assistant Chief for Network Development
Federal Research Division
William R. Dodge, Chief
v
General Reference and Bibliography Division
Robert H Land, ChiefEdward N. MacConomy, Assistant ChiefJulian W. Witherell, Head, African SectionRuth S. Freitag, Head. Bibliography and Reference Cor-
respondence SectionVirginia Haviland, Head, Cluldren:s Book Section
RLPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRESS', 1975
Geprge H. Caldwell, Head, Public Reference SectionRobert W. Schaaf, Head, Union Catalog and International
Organizations Reference Section
Geography and Map Division
Walter W. Ristow, CflfJohn A Wolter, Assistant ChiefRichard W. Stephensonjead. Reference and Bibliography
Section(Vacant), Head, Technical Services Section
Latin American, Portuguese, and Spanish Division
Mary Ellis Kahler, ChiefJohn R. Heibert, Assistant to the ChiefDonald E. 1 Stewart, Editor. Ilandbotilc of Latin American
Studies .
Loan Division
Legare. H. B Obear, ChiefHoward S. Walker, Assistant ChiefThomas E. Gwinn, Heald, Congressional Section, and in
charge of Library Station in the CapitolWilliam T Rains; Head, Loan Reference SectionMargot B Krewson, Head, Records Section
Manuscript Divrision
John.C. Broderick. ChiefPaid T. Heffron, Assistant ChiefJohn D. Knowlton, Head, Preparation Section, and Tech-
nical OfficerCarolyn H. Sung, Head, Reader Service Section
Music Division
Ldward N. Waters, ChiefDonald L. Leavitt, Assistant ChiefJoseph C. Hickerson, Head, Archive of Folk SongRobert B. Carneal, Head, Recorded Sound SectionJon W. Newsom, Head, Reference Section
Orientalia Division
Warren M. Tsuneislu, Chief(Vacant), Assistant ChiefChi Wang, Head, Chinese and Korean SectionLawrence Marwick, Head, Hebraic Section''Andrew Y Kuroda, Head, JapAnese SectionGeorge N. Atwell, Head, Near East SectionLouis A Jacob, Head, Southern Asia Section
Prints and Photographs Division
Alan M. Fern, Chief -
John B. Kilmer, Assistant Chief for Motion Pictures
01-1-10ERS 01 Till LIBRARY
Jerald Curtis Maddox, Head, Curatorial Section, and Cura-
tor for PhotographyJerry L. Kearns, Head, RefereA:e Section
a.. Rare Book and Special Collections DivisiontWilliam Matheson, ChiefThomas D. Burney, Assist'
Reading Room
he Chief and Supervisor,
Science and Technology Division
Marvin W. Mel arland, ChiefJames R. Trcw, Assistant Chiet for Intormation Services
John E. Price, Assistant Chief for Reference and Referral
Services(VaLant), Head, AeronautiLs ProjectGe7a I. I huronyi, Head, Cold Regions Bibliography Project
Lloyd W. Shipley, Head, Resources Analysis Section
Serial Division
S Branson Marley, Jr., ChiefDonald 1. Wisdsin, Assistant Chief
rank.) Carroll, Head. Newspaper SectionAnthony J. Kostreba. Head. Periodical and Governme ;
Serials SectionBernard A Bernier, Jr , Head, Reference Section
Slavic and Central European Division
Paul L. Horeeky, ChietDavid H. Kraus, Assistant to the Chiet
Stack and Reader Division
igt
Dudley B Ball, ChiefRoland C. Malieux, Assistant ChietRobert V. Gross, Head, Mk rotor m Section
William Sartain, Head, Reader Service SeLtionWilliam A. Corbitt, Head, Stack Servi Le Section
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS BRANCH,
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
Clarenig1, Utter, Manager
10
. _ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON THE
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS AMERICAN
REVOLUTION BICENTENNIAL PROGRAM
John R. Alden, James B. Duke Professor of History, Duke
UniversityJulian P. Boyd. Editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson,
Princeton UniversityLyman H.1)utterfield. Editor-in-Chief, Emeritus, The
-Idams Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society
Jack P. Greene, Professor of History, The Johns Hopkins
University,Merrill Jensen, Vitas Reseal's% Professor of History, Univer-
sity of WisconsinCecelia M. Kenyon, Charles 11,. Clark Professor of Govern-
ment, Smith CollegeAubrey C. Land, Research Professor of History, University
of GeorgiaEdmund S. Morgan, Sterling Professor oLlItsto_ty, Yale
UniversityRichard B. Morris,'Gouv.erneur Morris Professor of History,
Emeritus, Columbia UniversityGeorge C. Rogers, Jr., Yates Snowden Professor of Amen -
Lan History, University of South Carolina
COMMITTEE TO SELECT PRINTS FOR
PURCHASE UNDER THE PENNELL FUND
Gabor Peterdi, Mtsch Kohn, Alan M I ern, ex officio
PERMANENT COMMITTEE FOR THE
OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES DEVISE
DarniA J Boorstin. Librarian of Congress. Chairman, exofficio (took office on November 12, 1975)A C Grant, University of California at Los Angeles
Alfred 11 Kelly, Wayne State UniversityPhilip B. Kurland, University of ChicagoCharles Alan Wright, University of TexasFli7abeth Hamer Kegan, Assistant Librarian of Congress. in
charge. Office of the Devise
rCONSULTANTS OF THE LIBRARY
Ia
CONSULTANT IN POETRY IN ENGLISH Domestic and International Copy 3ight Affairs
Stanley Kumtz
HONORARY CONSULTANTS
American Cultural -History
Margaret Mead 11 Saunders ReddingHenry Nash Smith
American History
Ray A Bit WigtonLyman H ButterfieldC Vann Woodward
American Letters
Gwendolyn BrooksDaniel HoffmanJosephine JacobsenClare Boothe LuceBernard MalamudJames A MichenerWilliam Jay SmithWilliam StaffordWallace StegnerWilliam StyronJohn Updike
American Studies
Roy P Basler
Cartography
Arthur II. Robinson
Chinese Bibliography
Kwang Tsing Wu
t,
XII
...
Abraham L Kaminstein
Early Printed Books
Frederick R. Goff
East Asian Bibliography
Edwin G peal
English Bibliography,
Arthur A Houghton, Jr
Geography
Chauncy D. Harris ,r
Government Document Bibliography
James B Childs
Graphic Arts and Cinema
Edgar Breitenbach
i Humanities
I1
David ('. Stearns
Reference and Bibliography
John L. Nolan
1Slavic Studies
Sergius Yakobson
Southeast Asian Bibliography
Cecil Hobbs
Walt Whitman Studies/Charles E Feinberg
0
1
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
Me President of the SenateThe Speaker of the*ise of Rephesentatives
SIRS
This report, which l'have the honor to submit, details the activities of theLibrary of Congress, including the Copyright Officer during the fiscal yearending June 30, 1975, the year before I took office. Submitted with it arefour issues of its supplementthe Quarterly.lournal of the Library of con-gress and a copy oP'the annual report of the Library of Congress Trust FundBoard
I 113R1RN 01 CONGRI SS
Waquirgton. C'
I2
Daniel J. BoorstinLibrarian of Congress°. .
...
ORGANIZATION CIIIAk.TAi of Nor ember 1,.1975
t
LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS iDeputy Librarian ofCongress Assistant Librarian of Congress
OF
Administrative Department
Congressional Research Service
Law Library
Copyright Office
Processing Department
Reference Department
Office of th,sieretreil Counsel
.Offic9 of the
Chief Internal Auditor
Equal Opportunity Office
- --7.
1
: Federal Library Committee 1L ..J
1.,.._
National Commission on 1I . New Technological Uses I, 1 of Copyrighted WOrks 2 1L .1
i Interagency committee chaired by the Librarian of Congress2 This commission was created in the Library orCongress byPUblic Law 93-573,..approqd December 31, 1974
..
i 3
American RevolutionBicentennial Office
Exhibits Office
Information Office
Office of thePermanent Committee for theOliver Wendell Holmes Devise
...--Publications Office
ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT
Office of the DirectorBuilding Planning OfficePhoioduphcation Service
Assistant Director for Information 5). sterns Development
Computer Applications OfficeComputer Service CenterSy stem Development and Standards Office
- assistant Director for tIanagement Sertice4
Buildings Management Ot ticeCentral Services DivisionFinancial Management OfficeProcurement and Supply Division
llsistant lnrec for for PersonnelI mpl(mee Relations OfficeHealth Services Office ,
Personnel Operations OfficePersonnel Security OfficePlacement and Classification OfficeTraining Office
Assistant Director for PreservationBinding OfficeCollections Maintenance OfficePreservatnim Microt liming OfficePreservation Research and resting OfficeRestoration Office
CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Office of the DirectorAmerican Law DivisionCongressional Reference DivisionI conomics DivisionI ducation and Public Welfare DivisionEnvironmental Policy DivisionForeign Affairs DivisionGovernment and General Research DivisidnLibrary Services DivisionScience Poll q Research DivisionSenior Specialists Division
'COPYRIGHT OFFICE
Office of the RegisterCataloging DivisionExamining DivisionReference Division
"Service Division
14
LAW LIBRARY
Office of the Law LibrarianAmerican-British Law DivisionEuropean Law DivisionEat Eastern Law DivisionHispanic Law DivisionNear Eastern and African Law Division
PROCESSING DEPARTMENT
Office of the Direc'torMARC Development OfficeNational Union Catalog Publication ProjectTectrnical'Processes Research Office
Office of the 4ssrstatit Director (4cquismoris and
Oierscas Operations).Exchange and Gift DivisionOrder DivisionOverseas Operations DivisionSelection Office
Office of the Assis'tant Director (Cataloging)Cataloging Instruction OfficeDecimal Classification DivisionDescriptive Cataloging DivisionMARC Editorial DivisionShared.Cataloging DivisionSubject Cataloging Division
Office of the Assistant Director (Processing §v.i.nes)
Catalog Management DivisionCatalog Publication DivisidnCataloging Distribution Service DivisionSerial Record Division
REFERENCE DEPARTMENT
Office of the DirectorDivision for the Blind and Physically HandicappedFederal Research DivisionGeneral Reference and Bibliogiaphy DivisionGeography and Map DivisionLatin American. Portuguese. and Spanish DivisionLoan DivisionManuscript DivisionMusic DivisionOnentalia DivisionPrints and Photographs DivisionRare Book and Spetial Collections DivisionScience and Technology DivisionSerial DivisionSlavic and Central European DivisionStack and Reader Division
To the subscriber to the Centtnel of Liberty, or George-Town and WashmgtonAtherttser published every Tuesday and Friday. Price 54 a yearthe issue of Mayb. 1800. offered at the least a variety of news Huddleston and Cooke continuedtheir offer of a 54greward Por a strayed or stolen "stout Dark Bay Horse shod allround" and Thomas Caler had found a three-year-old stray sorrel mare. Stagecoach
,service between Philadelphia, Annapolis. and George-Town was announced and anew grocery store "two doors from Dr Magruder's" promised "the most reduced
prices for cash." One merchant tempted customers with "A Large qtkantity ofelegantcomposition Chimney Pieces with ornaments complete" and 'another with"Paper Hangings" of the "newest and most elegant patterns" offered at moderateterms. John Darnall asked the voters of Prince Georges County to elect him sheriff. Washington, 1800modestly claiming that he Was emboldened to do so because in his seven years ascollector and deputy sheriff he had discharged the duties of those offices "with zealand fidelity." Citi,ens of both Prince Georges and Montgomery counties wereinformed that Thomas Duckett. F.sq.. was a candidate for elector to choose thePresident and Via President in the corning ejection and that he would vote forThomas Jefferson. Esq The ordinance appropriating funds for paving the width ofany one of the streets for a small distance .had been repealed and the moOydirected to "be expended in making narrow cootways, on one side of some of theprincipal Streets " The committee appointed to superintend the making of thosefootways announced itself ready to receive proposals for a quantity of sand andcurbstone "of the hard blue kind got in this neighbourhood." A private letter fromBordeaux reported that "our commissioners passed through that city on their wayto Paris" and that. the Writer-supposed. "every matter of dispute between Americaand France would be readily adjusted." All persons who wished to,continue holdingpews in St. Andrew's Church in Washington were asked to inform the committee oftheir intention before NTay 15.-and Joseph Ball and Standish Forde of Philadelphiaoffeied lots for sale in Washington, "the seat of government off' the United StatesAn employer in need of about 30 laborers promised steady employment and "sub-stantial provisions with exhilarating [sic] drink .. for their subsistence." The Cen-tmel, however. offered its subscribers more than strayed horses, hopeful candidates,and household el'egancies On page two the reader could find the proceedings of the
a
1.5
103.A45 75 1
' REPORT 01 THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1975
IHouse of Representatives for Thursday. Friday. Saturday, and Monday, April 24,
Establishment 25. 26, and 28 Although the news for the 24th failed to note the signing by theof the President of the at "to make further provision for the *removal and accommo-
Library of Congress dation of the government," an apt that also provided for books for the use of theCongress and a "suitable apartment" to house them, the Cenrinel did report that onApril 25 Mr. Dennis had referred to the act and, reminding his colleagues that "asum not exceeding 5000 dollars was appropriated for the purpose of procuring alibrary," had, offered a- resolution that there be appointed "a committee, jointlywith such committee as may be appointed on the part of the senate, for thepurpose of making out a catalogue for procuring a library at the city of Washington.and for adopting a system of rule and regulations relative thereto.
"Tins motion was agreed to, and Messrs Waln. Evans and Powel appointedTwo columns over, under the proceedings for April 28, the Centuzel reported that
the House had been informed by the Senate of its concurrence in the resolutionMembers of the Joint Committee attacked their responsibilities at once and by June20 had placed an order with the London booksellers Cadell and Davies. Some of thedesired items were difficult to locate, others proved to be unobtainable. By Decen-ber, nevertheless, 152 works in 74Q volumes, packed in the often-cited 11 hair
Growth of the trunks and one case, were ready for shipment. Now, 175 years later, that collectioncollections of books and maps has grown in number to 70.5 million pieces, many of them in
forms undremed of by the worthy booksellers of 1800. At the close of fiscal 1975,the collections numbered dose to 17.5 million books and pamphlets, 31.7 millionmanuscripts, 3.5 million maps, 1.1 million microfiche, almost 3.5 million volumesand pieces of music, dose to 8.5. million photographic negatives, prints, and slides,and 1.3 million technical reports in hard copy. There were 102,000 bound volumesand 294,000 reels of newspapers, 420,000 micr opaques, 754,000 microfilm reelsand strips, 220,000 motion picture reels; 392, 0 discs and 75,0.00 tape and wirerecordingS, 178*,000 prints and drawings; an 43,000 rosters. For. the blind andphysically handicapped there were 39,000 books in raised characters and large typeand almost 13,000 talking books on discs or tapes
Services to It is doubtful that any reader- of that May 6 Cetztuzel could envision the hugeCongress i_olleolun of human knowledge or the extensive, operations for gathering, orga-
nizing, and disseminating information in its many forms destined to grow from thatappropriatum of 55,000 and the work of a Joint Committee. Nor could that long-ago committee in compiling its list of booksand a good list it wasforesee'theproblems that would confront their counterparts 175 years later energy, ecology,medical malpractke insurance, control of nuclear exports, school busing, or futuresresearch, for example. Busy with the establishment of a new government, they hadnone of the need of today's Members for multinational or interdisciplinary ap-proaches to questions- trends noted by both the Congressional Research Se' vicearid the Law Library. . ,
Topping its previous record by 21 percent, the Congressional Research Serviceanswered 244,500 inquiries from mtmbers and committees of Congress during thefiscal year. With the beginning of thenew Congress in January 1975, CRS assumed
the respons'ibility of preparing, after the introduction of each bill or resolution, afactual, 100-word-or-less description of the subject involved for publication in the
...
Digest of Public Ceneral Bills'anil Resolutions and the Congressional Record The,., MajOr Issues System was heavily used after it was formally announced and made
generally available to the Senate and the House in November 1974. This data base,which is cortstantly updated, consists of objective !reports coverink 160 subjectl,each including sections on key legislation, hearings, congressional reports, refer.
s
16
t
INTRODIC HON 3
'ences to the professional literature, and a chronolog of significant events related tothe issue. In its turn the Law Library responded to 11,600 telephoned or malted'congressional requests for reference and research services and prepared over 650special studies and reports No record was kept of requests made in person exceptin the Law Library in the Capitol.
Members and committees of Congress were not the only ones who turned to the Reader and
Library for reference and research assistance As usual, many of the requests were referenceprompted by contemporary events and problems and dealt with such subjects as ,services
Japanese sources of energy, the political situation in the Middle East, women inLatin America and in Africa. current Caribbean politics, forecasts of petroleumconsumption and refinery capacities, the effect of President. Andrew Johnson'simpeachment on foreign policy, bilingual materials for newly arrived Vietnamese,press comments on the Sahel drought, and Presidents who have appeared beforecongressional committees, disclosed their personal finance4. gone abroad when noVice President was in office, vetoed tax reduction bills. or testified before a grandjury. But the prompting of other questions was perhaps not so obvious. These alsocovered a wide rangethe origins of the term "kangaroo court" and the infinitysign. early Bulgarian maps, mechanical nutcrackers and sunflower-seed hullers, left-handed Presidents, seating arrangements on the Titanic, balloon technology duringthe Civil War, history of the hexagram, etymologies of biblical place names, educa-tional television in Africa, architecture in Dahomey, and themes of war, peace, anddeath in children's literature. The Bicentennial of the American Revolution wasresponsible for a multitude of requests for information on such subjects as theblack volunteers from Santo Domingo who covered the American retreat at thesiege of Savannah in 1779; colonial recipes: funerals, literacy, prayers, religion, andthe celebration of Christmas in the colonial and Revolutionary War periods; OliverPollock, a Revolutionary War merchant and financier; maps of the present-day areaof 'the District of Columbia as it was in 1776: and the total amount of foreign aidreceived by the United States during the RevOlution. George Washington alone wasthe subject Of queues about his commission. dentures, expense account, and re-ported deathbed conversion to Catholicism. Numerically, exclusive of the Congres-sional Research Service, the Library staff handled 1,2017,000 questions-502,000 inperson, 193,000 by correspondence, and 512,000 by telephoneprepared 230 bib-liographies contaming 87,000 entries, and lent 2,20/ .000 volumes for use withinthe buildings and 223,000 for use outside the Library.
With the opening of the new regional library in Puerto Rico during the year, the Service
network of agencies serving blind and physically 'handicapped readers sttw to 54 to blind andregional and 92 subregional libraries. Some 478,000 readers borrowed 12 ntillion physicallyitems in various forms- talking books, k, assettes, braille, and large type. The number handicapped
of volunteers certified as braille transcribers and proofreaders acid as tape narrators rejderscame ,to 500. Through interlibraiy loan, the Division for the Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped borrowed materials for U.S. patrons from Canada, Sweden, and Japanand in turn lent items to readers not only in Canada and Sweden but also inHolland, India, Nigeria, and Norway.
The Library's'own Bicentennial program is coordinated by the American Revolu- Americantion Bicentennial Office in the Office of the Assistant Librarian of Congress. The 'Revolutionfourth in,_the Library's successful series of symposia on the American Revolution Bicentennialwas held on May 8.9:1975, and addressed the topic "The Impact of the American programRevolution Abroad." With the assistance of the Department of State the Librarywas able to invite' seven distinguished scholars from here and abroad to deliverpapers. Robert R. Palmer, Yale University, Claude Fohlen, University of Paris-The
17
John Dunlapprinting of theDeclaration ofIndependence
Exhibitions
Color and theGraphic Arts
4 RIPORI 01 Ilii LIBRARIAN 01- CONCRESS, 1975
Sorbonne. J V Schulte \ordholt. State University ot Leiden. J H. Plumb, Christ'sCollege, Cambridge, N N Bolkhovitinov. Institute of General History Moscow,Mario Rodriguez. Uniersity of Southern California. and Owen Dudley Edwards.University .ot Edinburgh. Chairman of the symposium was Richard B., Morns.Gouverneur N,lorris Proles;or of History Emeritus. Columbia University The papersot the third symposium were published in Decembei 1974.under the title Leader-ship in the Arneritan Relohition. The symposia and the publication of the papersare made possible by a grant from The Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation
For the first time since that eventful night in July 1776. 17 of the 21 extantcopies or the John Dunlap printing of the Declaration of Independence werebrought together by the Library of Congress for study by Frederick Goff. formerduet ot the Library 's Rare Book Diision Dr Guff also examined the four remain-ing copies two in London. one in Philadelphia. and one in Chicago By using thelatest bibliographic' technologies. including the beta radiographic plate and the Hin-man collator (through the courtesy of an LC neighbor. the Folger Library). he wasable to identify the copy which was the printer's-prcrbf sheet (now in the HistoricalSociety of Pennsylvania). as well as to establish that there were two printings of theDunlap broadside lie also discovered. by analyzing watermarks. that the paper usedby Dunlap was of Dutch origin. The results of this study will be published by-theLibrary in calendar year 1976
Two birthday s were observed on April 24.1975. when the Library celebrated itsfounding 175 years earlier by the opening, in the Great Hall. of the exhibition ToSet a Country Free. commemorating the Bicentennial of American independence.To remain on view through calendar 1976, the display contains more than 250 rarebooks. manuscripts. prints.'engravings, broadsides, maps. and newspapers describingthe events from 1763 to 1783 that led up to the American Revolution and thattook place during the struggle Among the-featured documents are Thomas Jeffer-son's Rough Draft of the Declaration of Indeperlxience, from the Library's collec-tions. the Olice Branch Petition. which mambers of the First Continental Congressdispatched to George III in an attempt at reconciliation, lent by the Public RecordOffice in London. and the exchange copy of the 1778 Treaty of Alliance betweenFrance and the Uriited States. signed by Louis XVI and his foreign miytter. thecount de Vergennes. lent for the exhibition by the National Archives. round thehall 14ing replicas .of 12 flags of the American Revolution made especially for theexhibit
Seen months earlier. the same exhibit space had been occupied by one of theLibrary's most detailed and elaborate displays. Color and the Graphic Arts. Signifi-cant milestimes in the history of color theory were represented by the works ofsuch figures as Leonardo da Vinci. Isaac Newton, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe,Albert H. Munsell. and Josef Albers. and the develdpment of color printing fromthe 15th century handpress to the current advanced technOlogy was told throughartist's prints and illustrated books. Special attention was given to'surviving editionsof the first complete colored newspaper comic supplement and to one of theearliest four-color pictures reproduced in a periodical Typical of the wholeheartedcooperation shown the Library by individuals. institutions, and firms were thesilk-screen poster by New York artist Peter Gee and the National Geographic Soci-ety's bask- lighted color reproduction of the human eye illustrating the applicationof the halftone screen in four-color process printing, which served as the-keynote.The exhibit panels prepared with a traveling show in mind were funded by theNational Endowment for the Arts. The very number of firms, organizations, andindividuals that Ll'iftrtbuted technical help, models, and 'other items prevents a
112
I \ TROIA ( `ION
listing here but their assistance was invaluable in the reahLation of the projectAn exhibit commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of D W Griffith. D. W. Griffith
pioneer developer of the American cinema and one of the most influential directors exhibitin the history of the motion picture, opened at the Library on January 22, 1975.and covered the period of Griffith's movie career from 1907 to 1931 The displaycontained material on Griffith's greatest motion picture triumphs, including The
girth of a Nation and intolerance, as well as the Oscar presented in 1935 to Griffithby the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences "for his distinguished creativeachievement as Director and Producer, his invaluable initiative and lasting contribu-tions to the progress of the Motion Picture Arts' It was lent to the exhibit by hisgrandniece Mrs Gem Griffith Reichard of Corte Madera, Calif
4 During his career Griffith produced some 400 films, copies of many of whichwere deposited for copy right in the Library of Congress The Library's MotionPicture Section selected eight of his silent films, dating from 1908 t-u 1912. forpublic screening on April 1 in the Coolidge Auditorium In attendance was BlancheSweet, one of Griffith's favorite stars
There were 39 divisional exhibits during the year. featuring such widely diversetitles as Bermuda Triangle, Love Letters in American History, written by suchfigures as James Garfield, Ulyss& S Grant. Abraham Lincoln. Theodore Roosevelt, ,Woodrow Wilson,.Whitelaw Reid, Lucy Stoner and Henry B. Blackwell; Americanain Children's Books, High Magic in the Reraissance, American Legal EduCation, andthe Natural History of the Bible.
During the year the Library made 50 loans of 655 pieces for exhibit by otherinstitutidns in the United States. Ip addition to these loans, six traveling exhibitionsof mat rials from the Library's collections were shown at 27 locations. These wereall pre ared by the Exhibits Office and were circulated by the Library's travelingexhibit' ns service, except one that was circulated by the International ExhibitionsFoundation. A complete list of exhibits is given in the appendixes.
In rekiiewing the past fiscal year, one division chief noted that scholars are relying Publicationsmore and more on direct questions asked by letter'rather th'in spending periods Oftime at the Library searching the original so'irces Also. much'-research is done onthe spot by local friends or relatives of distant scholars. There is evidence, too, inthe Loan Division that readers are making greater use of such tools as the NationalUnion Catalog to find the books they need at nearer, more convenient locations,rather than turning immediately to the Library of Congress The Library has alreadyfelt the need of making the collections more widely known and more available toprospective users and, consequently, a great deal of staff time is spent in compiling,editing, and publishing catalogs. indexes, guides, and similar tools. During the past , 1
fiscal year the largest quinquennial in the histctry of the National Union Catalog was
published-128 volumes, 56 morean in the previous five-year cumulation Vol-umes 105-19 contained the Register of
5
,AcIdition 1 Locations, which lists alimAt10.5 million locations. A little less than million f these were processed manuallyand published in nine volumes; the other 5.5 mill on appeared in five volumes, thefirst to be computer-produced after the decision was made to automate the Reg-ister. The year also brought the National Union Catalog, Pre-1956 Imprints halfway Pre-1956through the alphabet with the completion' of editorial work on the cards for the impr1ntsletter "M." By the end of May, 379 volumes had been published, from "A" through
"`MexicoLaws, statutes, etc " Cards for about 40 more volumes had been editedand shipped to the publisher, bringing the total number of cards edited since theproject began to over 7 million. In January 1975 service to still another public wasbegun with the launching of the monthly Chinese Cooperative Catalog
a
ti
6 RI PORT 01 TH1, LIBRAillAN 01 CONGRLSS. I975
IAccess to the Library's varied collections was further aided with the publication
of such titles as The Archive of Hispanic Literature on Tape, a Descriptive Guide.
Polish Books in Pyglish. a new edition of Newspapers Received Currently in theLibrary of 6'ongress, Some Guides to Special Collections in the Rare Book Division.Hans P Kraus Collection of Hispanic American Manuscripts, Organisation of thePetroleum Pxporting Countries (OPEC) A List of Research Materials in the Libraryof Congress and other American Libraries, The International Federation of Li-brary Associations. A Selected List of References, the Naval Historical Founda-tion Manuscript Collection, an illustrated guide to the collections and services ofthe Geography and Map Division, Ward Maps of United States Cities the exhibitcatalog An American Sampler, and Viewpoints, a sampling of pictorial resources ofthe Prints and Photographs Division The benefits of the LC preservation programwere shared with other institutions through the 30.page manual Procedures forSalvage of WajgpDaniaged Library Materials and the first three in a series ofleaflets SelFcted References in the Literature of Conservation, Environmental Pro-tection of Books and Related Materials, and Preserving Leather Bookbindings TheLibrary's poetry and literature programs gained an even wider audience with thepublication of Teaching Creative Writing, the proceedings of a conference on theteaching of poetry, fiction, and nonfiction; Robert Frost, Lectures on the Cenlen-nial of His Birth, and The Instant of Knowing. a lecture by Josephine Jacobsen.former poetry consultant. A recording, Two Colombian Poets, with an accompany-ing booklet. issued in time to make its first appearance at the 20th annual Seminaron Acquisition of Latin American Library Materials (SA LALM ), demonstrates theeffort to bnng to users far from Washington the benefits of the LC recordingprograms
Bicentennial It is natural that the Bicentennial of the American Revolution should promptpublications numerous works related to that period. In addition to the symposium volume,
Leadership in the American Revolution,the year brought publication of ManuscriptSourceS in the Library of Congress for Research on the American Revolution, the
exhibit catalog To Set a-Co' wary Free and the related booklet Twelve Flags of theAmerican Revolution, and-Americana in Children's Books. The last, with To Set aC'ountrY Free and the July 1975 Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress, were
selected from nearly 1,000 entries for exhibition in the Federal Design Council'sDesign Response competition The exhibition, after its initial showing in the De-partment of Labor, will travel through the United States as well as overseas. Acomplete list of publications appears in the appendixes
Preservation Repercussions 1 the Bicentennial were felt in the Preservation Office also, wherematerials were prepared for the Library's own exhibition, To Set a Country Free, aswell as for loan to other institutions planning similar exhibits.
Of special interest were the preparations made for the display of the three focaldocuments in the LC exhibitionJefferson's Rough Draft of the Declaration ofIndependence, the Olive Branch Petition, and the Treaty of Atlierrte with France.The documents are displayed in cylindrical cases, and the Preservation Office spentconsiderable time in the installation and testing of the individual air-conditioningunits in each one. The capability of holding temperature and humidity at optimumlevels is an important forward step in the program to make rare and unusualdocuments known to the public through exhibits. Although fabrication difficultiesdelayed completion of .the large-format leaf-casting machine designed by the resto-ration officer, it was installed and almost ready for operation by the end of thefiscal year. Undoubtedly the most sophisticated equipment of its kind yet designed,it will rilake possible the restoration of such oversized materials as maps, broadsides,
2 0
.IINIRODl( !ION
a'nd posters.that cannot be satisfactorily handled by any other procedureApptopriations to the Library of Congress are of concern not only to the staff ,
but also to scholars and to libraries generally, because on thesj funds depend thecontinuation and developmept of th,e acquisitions. cataloging. reference and biblio-graphic. publishing, and other programs that are vital to the Library's users, bothindividual and institutional In turn, through the scholarly. research, and librarycommunities, the vigor of LC programs affects the national intellectual life PublicLaw .93-371, approved August 13, 1974, appropriated 596.696,000 for the Libraryof Congress. In this figure" was the sum of 52.726.000 for furniture. bookstacks_and other shek mg for the James Madison Memorial Budding, Although the Library
.absorbed 20 3 percent of the costs resulting from the October 1.974 federal pa!,raises and wage board increases effective at various times during the fiscal year,supplemental appropriations amounting to 52,094.000 were needed to meet thefull'cost, bringing total direct appropriations to the Library to S98,790.000 Appro-priations to the Architect of the Capitol included S1.741.000 to be used in supportof the Library
From the sale of Library of Congress cataloging data in its various forms, appliedcopyright fees. and other sources: the Library deposited 59,591,000 in the miscella-neous receipts of the U S. Treasury. or almost 10 percent of the direct appropria-tions to the Library for the fiscal year Details of the year's finantial records can befound in the appendixes.
Public Law 94-59, which appropriated funds foE the legislative branch for fiscal1976, was signed on July 25, 1975. It made a direct appropriation to the Library ofS116.230.600. plus S29.106.800 for the 4hree-month transitional period from July1 through September 30, 1976. required by the change in the federal fiscal year. Anallowance of S1.821,000 for Library buildings and grounds was included in theappropriations.for the Architect of the Capitol.
The fiscal 1976 appropriations provided S337,000 for the newly eslablished Na-,tional Commission on New Technological Uses of Copyrighted tWorks ( CONTU).This sum will allow for a staff of 16. On the same day that the President signed thelegislative appropriations bill. he announced his appointment of 12 members to thecommissions Stanley H. Fuld, special counsel. Kaye, Scholer, Fierman, 'Hays andHandler, New York:chairman, Melville B. Nimmer, professor of law, University ofCalifornia at Los Angeles Schookor Law, vice chairman. George D. Cary, formerregister of copyrights. William S. Dix, librarian ementus of Princeton University:author John Hersey. Rhoda H. Karpatkin, executive directorof Consumers Union:Dan Lacy, senior, vice president of McGlaw-Flill, Inc., Arthur R. Miller. professor oflaw. Harvard University; E. Gabriel Perleovice presidentlaw, Time Inc.; Hershel B.Sarbin, president. ZiffDavis Publistqing Co.: Robert Wedgeworth, executive direc-tor, American Library Association: and Alke E. Wilcox, director. MINITLX, Minne-apolis, Minn. The Librarian of Congress is a member of the commission and theregister of copyrights serves ex officio as a nonvoting member. The commission wasestablished 'by Public Law 93-573 to study the range of problems arising from theclashes between copyright protection on the one side, and reprography and auto-mated information systems on the other. Copyright lawyer Arthur J. Levine wasappointed on a temporary basis. effective March 3:1975, as special consultant tothe Librarian of Congress on planning for the establishmeiit of CONTU. Shortlyafter the close of fiscal 1975, the, commission appointed Mr. Levine CONTU'sexecutive director'
It is not the purpose of this introduction to repeat matters that are covered indetail in the text of this report. The eventful history of' the bill for the general
revision of the copy iight law is t ully described ui the report of the register. chapter6. Because of the great significance of copy right revision to many widely variedseLtu;s of the national Lommunity, , it is perhaps well, however, to summarize actionhere Substantially the same bill for general revision of the copyright law thatpassed the Senate in the fall of 1974 was reintroduced in both Houses of Congressin January 1975 The House Judiciary Committee's SubLipmnut tee on Courts. CivilLiberties. and the Administration of Justice held extenrive hearings on this legisla-tion. beginning in May and continuing into the next fiscal year. On May 7 ActingLibrarian of Congress John G. Lorenz. former register of copyrights Abraham LKaminstem, and current register Barbara Ringer testified before the subcommittee.The following iay . representatives of the U.S Departments of Commerce. Justice.and State presented their views on the bill, and on May 14 the hearings resumedwith testimony on 'ibrary photocopying. fair use. and educational exemptionsSubjects of June hearings included the liability of jukebox operators. the proposedCopy right Royalty Tribunal, and cable\television
The "short bill" There were three 'matters Lovered in the 'general revision bill that Congressdeemed too urgent to await action in the omnibus legislation and that were there-fore dealt with in a separate measure known as the "short bill These three werepermanent legrslaaion regarding record and tape piracy. extension until December31. 1976, of renewal copyrights that would expire at the end of 1974, and estab-lishment of the National Commission on New. Tech'nological Uses of CopyrightedWorks,(CONTU ) The bill was passed by the Senate on September 9, 1974, and bythe House on December 19 Later that same day. the last day of the 93d Congress.the Senate accepted the bill as amended by the House. and it was signed into law byPresident Ford* on December 31. 1974, a few hours before the earlier record piracylegislation and some 150.000 renewal copyrights were due to expire.
International Two meetings were held in the fall of 1974 -one in Moscow and the other incopyrIght Washington. D.C,- between representatives of the Copyright Office and its Soviet
developments i,ounterpart. the USSR All -Union Copyright Agency (V A AP). On June 2'and 3, MsRinger and Dorothy' Schrader, general counsel of the Copyright Office, attended inParis the first meeting of the Intergovernmental Copyright Committee, formed
....wider the Universal Copyright Convention as revised in 1971. Later -"in June aninternational meeting on reprographic reproduction of copyrighted works was heldin Washington, its objective tile preparation of an international recommendationsetting forth general guidelines for photocopying and other forms of facsimilecopying and reprography. A few days later. L. Clark Hamilton, deputy register, and
Harriet L, Oler, ,fttorney on the Copyright Office general counsel's staff, attendedthe second session of the Advisory' Croup of Non-Governmental Experts on theProtection of Computer Programs in Geneva.
Copyright While watching developments on the,revision. international, and judicial stages,registrations the staff of the Ciipyright Office was playing a demanding role in the drama of
business as usual on Us ,home stage. In fact, business was far from usual. For thefirst time in 'the i05 -year existence of the Office, the total number of registrationspassed the 400,000 mark, reaching a total o 401,274-an increase of 7.6 percentover fiscal 1974 the largest annual percent e increase since 1947 and the largestto date in actual registrations.
Automation Like many other activities in the Library, the Copyright Office has turned to thecomputer for aid in solving some of its workload problems. Testing of the Library'sfirst major on-line cataloging system began early in the fiscal year. The Copyright
COPICS Office Publication and interactive CatalogiEg System. termed COPICS for conven-ienLe, is aimed at automating all the activities of the Copyright Cataloging Division.
22
0
INTRoDU HON 9
The system,was formally accepted just after the dose of fiscal 1975. The fourth
stage of LOIS (i_ibrary Order Information System) was implemented in September LOIS
1974 It maintains a master list of subscription orders and provides vendors and LC
recommending officers with notices of cancellation. A grant from the Council on
Library Resources, Inc.. in Decgmber 1974 enabled the Library to launch
COM ARC, a pilot study on Cooperative Machine-Readable Cataloging. to test the COMARC
feasibility of expanding LC bibliographic- services- by accepting the machine.
readable cataloging records of other libraries. eliminating duplicates. comparingwith the Official Catalog. updating them for consistency as necessary. and redistrib-
uting them through the MARC Distribution Service The Library's MARC records
for serials were converted to a new format designed to meet the needs of all
participants in CONSER (Conversion of Serials) A tape of some 14,000 serial 'CONSER
records was sent to the Ohio College Library Center (0CLC) in May 1975 to form,with the Minnesota Union List of Serials. the base file for the CONSER project Inthe same general sharing trend, an agreement concluded between the NationalLibrary of Canada and the Library of Congress in November 1975 allows thenonexclusive exchange and distribution of the machine-readable records for eachcountry's current impnnts
The National Serials Data Program (NSDP), the U.S. representative to the Inter- National Serials
national Serials Data System (ISDS), became a section of the Processing Depart- Data
ment's Serial Record Division in January 1975. This move provides more effective Program
coordination between the LC sepals processing functions and the international
responsibilities of NSDP. As the U.S. center for ISDS the National Serials DataProgram systematically registers U.S. serial publications through the assignment of
International StSndard Serial Numbers (ISSN) to titles cataloged by the three na-tional-libraries and works with publishers to encourage the correct use of the ISSN.
It also cooperates with other sections in the Serial Record Division and with the
MARC Development Office in preparing for the CONSER project by retrieving and
verifying data contributed by other CONSLR participants This postediting processis being funded initially by the Council on Library Resources, Inc., and the Na-
tional Endowment for the Humanities. During the year work began on a two-year
project supported by the National Science Foundation for the development of a
core data base of serials in science and technology according to ISDS requirements,
which should be of use to the abstracting and indexing communities as well as tothe library world. This core data base is added to the one that is being created in
the CONSLR projectThe Congressional Research Service expanded and enhanced the Legislative Infor- LIDS
mation Display System (Lips), which offers remote computer terminal access to
three. legislative data bases. all bills introduced in the current Congress and used for
the printed Digest of Public General Bills and Resolutions, a bibliographic citationfile of 75,000 references to CI:is reports, official documents, and periodical litera-
ture, and the Major Issues File of briefs on selected key issues. Early in the fiscal
year LIDS was supporting a network of 25 CRT terminals, 12 in CRS research
divisions and reference centers and 13 on apilot basis in various Senate offices. In ^
May 1475 procurement of 100 more for Senate offices was authorized by the
Senate Committee on Rules acid Administration. The Reference Department's firstcomputer terminal for public use was installed in the Science Reading Room during
the fiscal year. Through SCORPIO (Subject-Content Oriented Retriever for Process- SCORPIO
mg Information On-line), a retrieval program developed by the Library's Informa-tion. Systems Office, access is possible by author, title, and LC classification or card
number to approximately 90,000 English-language monographs in the fields of
23
10...<
RI PORT 01 T111 LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRESS, 1975
LACS scieme and technology. In the Loan Division, personnel worked with,the ISO staffon the development of L ACS (Loan Automated Charging SVstem). In another areaa program that aLLepts teNst keyed at a terminal and then processes' it to produceLuntraLted braille on a high-speed line printer in the Library's Computer ServiceCenter was undergoing tests and evaluation at the end of the fiscal year.
The Federal Libraries' Experiment in Cooperative Cataloging (- L L.CC) grew fromeight original participants to 28 at the end of the fiscal year, with a number ofothers inquiring about joining the project Conducted under a cooperative arrange-ment between the Federal Library Committee and the Ohi6 College Library Center(0C Lc), !Luc tests, the uses and benefits of an on-line cataloging system Al-though the original intent was to limit the experiment to monographs, some librar-ies are now inputting serials cataloging into the OCLC data base
The system is also used for preorder searching, bibliographic verification, andinterlibrary loan. In July 1974 the OCLC system was linked to Tymnet, thusmaking on-line cataloging availai/le to federal libraries throughout the UnitedStates Before that, in January 1974, a group of federal libraries in the Washington,
e D.C.. metropolitan area established a dedicatedleased line from OCLC to theDistrict of Columbia The terminuses at the Smithsonian Institution, lines from theindividual libraries going into the terminus. At the end of fiscal 1975 there were 27high-speed CRT terminals located in 18 libraries in the area.
SignifiLant progress was made during fiscal 1975 toward attaining the objectivesof the year's Affirmative Action Plan and in late June the Acting Librarian ap-proved the plan for fiscal 1976. It establishes five priority objectives. expansion ofTAP, the affirmative action Training, Appraisal, and Promotion program; develop-ment and implementation of programs to increase the number of Spanish-surnamedapplicants, research on' the effeetiveness of the tuition support program; inquiryinto the feasibility of restructuring selected positions to provide new paraprofes-sional opportunities for nonprofessional employees, and development and imple-mentation of additional prtgrams to increase awareness of opportunities for womenin the Library. 9
During fiscal 1975, there were 51 positions corn. nutted to the TAP program, anincrease of 24 positions over fiscal 1974. Several of the fiscal 1975 projects andevents of the Federal Women's Program Committee were associated with Inter-national Women's Year, culminating in a staff meeting in the Library's CoolidgeAuditorium at which the Acting Librarian of Congress was the speaker. One of theobjectives of the 1975 Affirmative Action Plan was the evaluation.of requiredqualifications in relation to the job An outside consultant was engaged to conductthe. evaluation and the project was completed in a series of studies and reports. Thefirst report focused on an analysis of qualifications used to fill 2,578 LC positionsbetween 1971 and 1974. The second report dealt with the origin of job postingsand derivation of required qualifications. A sex and race analysis was also made ofapplicants appointed to 1,819 positions.
Speual efforts were made to improve the tuition support program. New eligibilityrules and procedures were developed for use in fiscal 976 and their adoptionindit..ates an inaeased number of participating employee During fiscal 1975 therewere I 73 employees attending 19 institutions at a total co of $30,385.
The new Labor-Management Program for the Library of ngress promulgatethe /Wing Librarian was issued as an LC regulation, effectiv six months after April24, 1975, the date of issuance. It provides a formal labor-management system thatadopts the principles of employee self-determination by secret ballot, allowing forcollective bargaining or ."bilateralism" between management and its employees and
Computer-produced
braille
Experimentin
on-linecataloging
Affirmativeaction
TAP program
Tuitionsupportprogram
Labor-ManagementProgram
24
INTROD
rUCTION. 11
representation for employees in bargaining units 'it also provides an orderly andeffective mechanism for the resolution of questions and disputes arising between
. Library management and employees .
i'A formal trailing program on the subject of labor-management relations was
conducted for aliLibrary executives and supervisors during May and June 1975
eLast year's annual report recorded the retirement in December 1974 of L. Quincy Librarian
Mumford, Librarian of Congress from 1954 to-1974 From January to November of
1975, John G. Lorenz, Deputy Librarian of Congress, served as Acting Librarian. Congress
'and Elizabeth Hamer Kegan, Assistant Librarian of Congress, served as DeputyLibrarian or, in the absence of Mr. Lorenz, as Acting Librarian.
.:,
Qn June 20. 1975, President Ford nominated Daniel J. Boorstin as Mr. Mum-ford's successor. After hearings before the Senate Rules and Administration Com-mittee on July 30 and 31 and September 3,0, the Senate confirmed the nominationon September 26. Flanked by the President and Vice President of the United States
and theHon. Lucien N. Nedzi, chairman of the Joint Committee on the Library,the Hon. Carl Albert, Speaker of the House, administered the oath of office,in theGreat Hall on November'l 2, and Dr. Boorstin became the 12th Librarian of Con-
Widened recognition of the Processing Department'skey role in national and internatiOnal bibliographiccontrol took several forms during the year. WilliamJ. Welsh, its director, was appointed a member -ofthe Advisory Group on National Bibliographic Con-
. trol, establish inder the sponsorship of theNational Science oundation, the National Corn--
mission on Libraries and Information Science, andthe Council, on Library Resources. The mission ofthe group is to advise' the three sponsoring agencieson the best means of coordinating their programsand to recommend priorities for action. In May1975 fdr. Welsh participated in the Unesco-sponsored meetingtof experts herd in Paris to designa program for universal bibliographic control andwas coopted to the committee which will plan the
, proposed conference of represeitatives of all na-tional bibliographies, tentatively scheduled for Parisin Y977. He was invited to speak on the Library ofCongress as the national bibliographic center atmeetings of the Council for ,Computerized LibraryNetworks, the 'Technical Services Directors of LargeResearch LibrarieS, and similar groups.
Taking'the,lead in another direction, the Process-ing D artment sponsored a series of basic com-mun ation (sign language) courses to asstst staff,members in communicating with readers, visitors,and other employees whb are deaf. The departmentis the Library's single largest employez, of deaf indi-viduals, its staff including 20 at the end of fiscal1975. The courses were taught by John A. Ven-demia, a cataloger in the Descriptive Catalogm
Division who had been teaching sign language to hiscoworkers on an ad hoc basis during Minch hourssince .1966 The department also installed a 4ew
piece of stelecoromunications equipmentthe MFM-Communications System, a device designed to becompatible with other electronic systems serving thesame functionthat enables the deaf to use conven-tional telephones to 'communicate with other deaf.persons as well' as persons with normal hearingOther significant developments of .the year were
-J Publication of the first issue of Accessions ListBrazil
Engagenien.t of part-time acquisitions representa-tives in Colombia, Venezuela, and Taiwan.
Completion of fourth stage in the automation ofthe Order Division.
n Shipment of over one-half million publications toDocuments Expediting Project subscribers.
n Initiation or C9operative MachineReatable Catz-loging (COM A RC) pilot study.
O Classification of more than .100,000 titles in
Dewey decimal s tern
o cessful experimentation with the outreachprogram "Cataloging in Person.
" 1
26
14
Pro essing of over 20.000 titles by Cataloging inPublicatiorr
Extension of ti AR( coverage to German, Span-ish, and Portuguese monographs
Appearance of LC subject headings un microfiche.
Lurn.hing of the Chinese Cuuperame Catalog
Editing of the seven millionth Lard by the Pre-1956 National Union Catalog Publication Project.
Establishment of closer ties with the NationalLibrary of Canada
ACQUSITIONS -AND Ok ERSEAS OPERATIONS
Several significant advarkes were made in the Na-tional Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging(NPAC) in-depth coverage was intensified to pro-vide better service to the research community, cata-loging and card printing were expedited for greatertimeliness, and subscriptions for bibliographic Ar-mes were renegotiated By reviewing quid pro quocooperation and streamlining distribution opera-
s tions in the face of rising costs, the number of li-braries receiving depository sets of currently printedcards was redueed from 60 to 56. Edmond L.Applebaum, 4sistant director for acquisitions andoverseas operations, carried out effective on -site re-views of the physical lo.ation, staffing, and oper-ating arrangements of the shared L.ataluging .entersin Barcelona, The Hague, London,; Qs lo,Vienna, and Wiesbaden. Mary J. Marton. field direc-tor, Spain, was reassigned to Washington, and theBarcelona ..eriter is now completely staffed andsupervised by luLal personnel. Frank M. McGowan,chief of the Overseas Operations Division, and HisaoMatsumutu, field direaur, Japan, visited Hung Kongand Taipei, negotiating the serve es of a part-timerepresentative in Taipei. The shared Lataluging staffin Tokyo processed 23,320 phutut,umpused masterLardsan Increase of more than 13 percent over theprevious year. = Acquisitions from Colombia andVenezuela were potentially improved as a result ofvisits by Rodney G. Sarle, field director, Brazil, andthe hiring of a.qinsitions representatives to workwith luLal dealers and exchange sources. The De-
2 7
R1-PORT 01 TIlI LIBRARIAN Of CONGRESS. 1975
scriptive Cataloging Division inaugurated the use ofpreliminary catalog cards produced by the regionaloffice in Rio de Janeiro . The Rio office also pro-duLed the first issues of the bimonthly AccessionsList' Brazil
Cooperating libraries began reporting their currentacquisitions from Andorra, Iceland, Ireland, Liech-tenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, San Marina,and Vatican (Hy. Reports of titles published inChina, Korea, and the United States were alsosearched and, if the Library had not already ob-tained the 'items, they were aLqulred and cataloged.Since the beginning of NPAC in 1966 more than 1 1
million reports have been searched and orders havebeen placed for 229,000 titles not previously ac-quired
The NPAC appropriation for fiscal 1975 coveredmandatory sAlary increases and provided some addi-tional funds to cope with inflation but4id notpermit expansion of the program. The estimatedallocation of funds for the year is illustrated by thefollowing table'
Amountavailable
Percentageoftotal
Asquisitions of library materials 51,126,655 12
Cataloging and classification 6,780,273 72
Card printing and distribution 808,451 9
Administration and services 628,242 7
Total 9,343,62! 100
In August 1974, the PL-480 Newsletter becamethe Foreign Ac'quisittons Program Newsletter Since1968 participants and observers alike have recog-nized that excess Public Law 480 t,urrencies weresteadily disappearing First Indonesia, then Israel,Yugoslavia, and, most recently, Sri Lanka dis-appeared from the list of countries in which local.urrenLies were available under Public Law 83-480.In Indonesia and Sri Lanka cooperative acquisitionsarrangements subsequently' replaced the formerarrangements. A technical change in the, availabilityof Indian rupees also removed India from the roster,although a certain amount of "excess" currencyremained. The Library expects the India program tocontinue without interruption, but the termP.L. 480 has become inaccurate,as a description ofthe multiple-copy acquisitions programs adminis-tered by the Library of Congress. The phrase "Spe-
s
Tilt PROCI SSINC DI PAR1 MI NT
cial Foreign Currency Program" has supplanted itThe Middle East program suffered a temporary
setbad, when a tire in the summer of 1974 causedextensive damage to the Cairo office. Vvorking outof space lent by the U.S. Embassy the staff wasable to continue acquiring and distributing publica-tions with only minor interruption. Rehabilitationof the office was completed by November 1974 andoperations were soon back to normal. Acting unrecommendations by the, Assoctatilm of ResearchLibraries' Committee on the Middle East. the Li-brary revised the list of Middle East program partici-pants. dropping four institutions and adding fiveothers
The South Asia program added sit libraries for atotal of 25. following a restructuring which not onlyallowed them to receive either comprehensive urbasic sets in the langu'ages of their choice but alsocut costs significantly and made participation pos-sible un a greatly reduced scale. With nearly 4.000entries supplied during its first full year. the pro-gram for preparing cataloging copy in New Delhi hasappreciably accelerated the printing and distributionof cards for Indian publications.
A complex of economic. political. and administra-tive problems in Bangladesh continued to make theacquisition of new materials difficult. After several
15
investigative trips to Dacca by the New Delhi staff.it was concluded that the only feasible method ofidentify ing and procuring publications was throughan LC representative on the spot. A contract agent.was appointed and prospects for success seemedgood enough to warrant the revival of a dollar-funded cooperative program The Overseas Opera-tions Division circularized participants in the
previous program and obtained sufficient commit-ments to ensure implementation in fiscal 1976.
The responsibility for Malaysian acquisitions wastransferred to a firm in Kuala Lumpur and in Janu-ary 1975 the Accessions List Indonesia, Maki" sia,Singapore, and Bruner was renamed the AccessionsList Southeast Asia
Three field directors returned to the Library forconsultation during the year Rodney G. Sarle in
July and Jerry, R James in November 1974. andJohn C. Crawford in June' 1975. Mr. Sarle was ontemporary duty in Washington to study and draft aresponse to the repor,t on NPAC by the House Com-mittee on Appropriations' Surveys and Investiga-tions staff Submitted to the committee in February1975, a summary of his findings was reproduced ina committee print.
Local artists, in cooperation with the Library'sPublications Office, produced strikingly distinctive
National Program for Acquisitions and CatalogingLibrary of Congress receipts through regional acquisitions programs
Source Form of materialTotalfiscal
TotalfiscalOther
Program Purchase rGift Exchange Monogr'aphs Newspapers serials Miscellaneous 1975 1974
Total 262,900 576,181 158,548 190,216 17,915 1,205,760 1.9,725,108
Beginning fie!) 1 9 73, the Public Law 450 program in Sri Lanka became a dollar funded cooperame acquisitions programprocuring publications for the Library of Congress and 17 other participants Acquisinons for the year were
Sri Lanka 7,915 4,357 2,035 2,457 108 16,872 31,304
1 From January 1962date2 From July 1963 through June 19693 From July 1963 through June 19734 From July 1965
4
5 From January 19726 From July 1966 through June 19737 Fr-om March 1,967 through June 1973
English-language progrdm acquisitionsJuly I, I974-June 30, 1975
Commercial and institutionalpublications
Governmentpublications
Country Serials Monographs Serials Monographs Total
the Order Di'vision's attention Funds available .forthe increase of the Library's collections were
stretched to the limit in 'the effort to keep pace withthe upward trend. Blanket-order arrangementsthroughout the world were monitored and refinedand specifications fbr both the general and lawblanket orders were translated into Spanish, French.and Arabic to improve understanding of their termsand conditions. New arrangements were negotiatedwith dealers in Costa Rica. El Salvador, Guaternala,Honduras, Korea, Kuwait, Nicaragua, Panama,
Syria. and TurkeyThe fourth scheduled task of the Library Order
Information System, implemented in September1974. now maintains the master listing of subscrip-tion orders and provides vendors and the Library'srecommending officers with notices of cancellation'Functional and technical design specifications haveben _completed fo'r the fifth and final task-computer production of all fiscal records and forms.control of invoices being processed. and provision ofstatistics on orders placed and payments made.
At the XX Seminar on the Acquisition of LatinAmerican Library Materials in Bogota. Robert CSullivan, chief of the Order Division, participated-inits discussions as a *member of The AcciuisitioniCommittee. He served during the year as chairmanof the Resources Section of the Amencin LibraryAssociation's Resources and Technical Services Di'i-ston and as cochairman of Subcommittee 37 of theAmerican Nation'al Standards Institute (ANSI) Com-mittee Z-39, which is drafting a standard for report-ing micropublishing statistics,
Jennifer V. Magnus, assistant chief of the division,compiled the list, Third World Bookdealers, noWbeing distributed by the American Library AssOcia-tion She continued her work as chairman of ANSICommittee Z-39,' Subcommittee 36, to develop astandard order form. Comments are being receivedon the sixth draft, on which the standard will hebased.
Letters of Thomas Jefferson, William Henry Ham,son, Chester A. Arthur, Robert Morns, and HenryClay were among the noteworthy items acquiredthrough the Special Reserve Fund.
new covers forall the overseas accessions listsAs in previous years. the Library gratefully
acknowledges the cooperation of the Department ofState both in Washington and abroad. In addition toproviding administrative support to the Library:soverseas centers, the department also forwarded in-formation about new titles and assisted in procure-ment of publications from many areas of the world
Selection
Examining incoming books, deciding which titlesand how many .copies will be added to the collec-tions, determining the type of processing, and estab-lishing the appropriate priorities for those receivingprinted card cataloging are among the more familiaractivities of the Selection Office A less familiarfunction is the discarding of books and periodicalsthat have already been cataloged and placed on theshelves. Pruning deadwood is essential to the
healthy growth not onLy of a tree but also of alibrary, especially one as large, complex, andcrowded as the Library of Congress. Deadwood sig-nifies the multiple topics of editions superseded by'later ones, excess copies of once popular novels, andduplicate 'sets of serials seldom consulted It' is tothis task that the selection staff addresses itselfwhenever other duties permit The discarding ofmonographs is fairly easy. One can tell at a glancewhether the items to be removed are true duplicatesand whether those remaining on the shelves are ingood 'condition As a result, the weeding of several
-r classes was rapidly completed. Serials, on the otherhand, present considerable difficulty and progress ismuch slower. Sets must be cross-checked to he surethat the one retained is as complete as possible Thissometimes involves filling gaps with items from dis-carded sets'or substituting sound volumes for wornones The rewards are substantial cancellation ofredundant subscriptions, reduction of binding out-lays; 'correction of collating, binding and labelingerrors, and, not least, the recapture of badly neededspace. In fiscal 1975 the selection staff cleared2,145 three-foot shelves and the remaining volumeswere left in better order
Purchases
Coping with the soaring cost of library material's aridwith fluctuating exchange rates occupied much of
rv
2,04146 ,), 3,, 3
. 0
Exchanges
Although it had been assumed that worldwide eco-nomic trends would adversely affqt the publishing
programs of agencies and institutions., there wereincreases in half of the categories of noripurchaseacquisitions These occurred despite a cdncertedettort to eliminate duplication of sources and cancelunproductive exchanges At the close of fiscal 1975there were 12.621 active exchanges. including 740new ones. as follows AfncanAsian. 4.008.American-British, 3.272. European, 2.605. and His-panic, 2.736
The cessation of hostilities in Southeast Asia andthe establishment of new regimes there, the unionof Sikkim with India the granting of independenceto Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique. and strainedrelations between the United States and other gov-ernments were among the political events in the"third world" affecting the Library's exchangesJapan supplied almost one-third of the publicationsreceived from the AtriLan-Asian area. followed byIndia. South AfriLa, China. Korea. and Malaysia. Inthe American -British sector. receipts from GreatBritain and, Ireland ruse slightly and those from theWest Indies more titan doubled. In Europe. theWestern nations and the Soviet Union increased thenumber of publications sent.
The Hispanii, Exchange Section completed theconversion of its files to a system affording easieraccess and more effective utilization. Questionnairesidentified 39 major and 52 minor subject areas ofinterest to Latin American and Iberian institutions,and lists of titles available, to them un exLhangewere mailed at the rate of one-a week. The Key sortfiles made-it possible for the section to supply read-ily to those units of the Library requesting themaccurate lists of Latin American art museums.Argentine ecological institutions. Brazilian collegesof arts and fetters, and Portuguese official exLhangeagencies.
The Federal DoLuments SeLtion sent espies of2.800 publications to the Superintendent of DoLu-ments, Government Printing Office, for possibleinclusion in the Monthly Catalog of United StatesGovernment PubliGations. The 1973 issue of Nun-GPO Imprints Rece,iyn the Library of C ess
.1 Selective Chei,kltst, Lompiled by the section, waspublished in the summer of 1974.
In collaboration with the MARS DevelopmentOffice, the State DoLuments SeLtion began convert-ing data for the annual index of the Monthly'Clie(list of Shit( PublicatiO ns to machine- readable formThe new methodology is expected to eliminate theovertime work requqd under the old system and
RI PORT 01 THE LIBRARIAN 01- CONGRESS. 1975
expedite the appearance of the index The numberof state documents received increased by more than16 percent
Documents Expediting Project
This project is a centralized service that acquires forits members U S government publications which arenot available either through the Government Print-ing Office or the agency that issues them and arenot part of the depository distribution system.Formerly sponsored by the ALA Joint Committeeun Government Publications, the Association of Re-search Libraries. the Special Libraries Association.and the American Association of Law Libraries. ithas been a unit in the Federal Documents Section ofthe Exchange and Gift Division since 1968 Witheight new members- the Colorado State Library,Florida International University, Harvard College,University of Idaho, Southein Methodist University,Stetson University, the U.S Department of JusticeLibrary, and the College of William and Mary -thenumber of subscribers increased to 144 university,.public, and special libraries in 45 states and theDistrict of Columbia They received over one-halfmillion publications through the automatic distribu-tion system and submitted nearly 1%000 specialrequests a month. Of these, 76 percent were filledby supplying the desired material and 10 percent byproviding informption on the source of supply
Gifts
Among the noteworthy materials received as gifts ordeposits were the personal papers of AlexanderGraham Bell, which include his laboratory note-books and a photographic archive. The Charles P.Taft papers were an important increment to the.,Taft family archives in ,the Manuscript Division.There were significant additions to the papers arHorace L. Traubel,. Reinhold Niebuhr, Charles H.Bohlen, Joseph Alsop, and Kurt Vonnegut andmusic manuscripts were added to both the Elie Sieg-meister and Ernest tloch collections. From theAmerican Film Institute, Frank Capra, ParamountPictures, Hal Roach Studios, and TwentiethCentury-Fox Lame many reels of film to enlarge themotion picture Collection, Garry Trudeau's originaldrawings of "Doonesbury" were also welcome addi-
TIlE PRO( I. SSINC DIP1R1MI NT19
ft.
tions to the Library 's holdings Some of these, aswell as other gifts, are mentioned in chapter threeand described more fully in issues of the QuarterhJournal of the Li/van of Congress
AUTOMATION ACTIVITIES
The Council on Library Resources. Inc (c f.R ) madea grant to the Library of Congress in December
1974 for a pilot study called COM A R(. (Coopera-tice Machine-Readable Cataloging), which couldresult in an expansion of the bibliographic sersicesoffered to other libraries through automated meansLibraries throughout the country are already usingLibrary of Congress it A R( data as input to theirautomated systems. but since M s RC coverage islimited, in many cases they encode and transcribethe cataloging copy from LC printed cards. proofsheets, and entries in the ,'sational Union ogLibrarians have been aware of the antages to begained it the Library of Congress could accept theirrecords in machine-readable form, remove thecates, compare them with the Official Catalog.update them for consistency when required. andredistribute them through the NrA it(' DistributionService,/ The ( LR grant will make this possible for atest period. Participants will be selected on the basisof the completeness of the data content of theirrecords and their adherence to the MARC formatThey will contribute and receive records free ofcharge during the project, others may purchasethem from the..1i-A-R( Distribution Service To date,theWaslitrigton State Library and the Information
_____Lignamics Corporation have been selected for partic-
---- 'pawn and have accepted the invitation.The MARC Development Office coordinated the,
Library's efforts in connection with the (OA SLR(Conversion of Serials) project to build a nationalserials data base The contract betty n.CLR, mhieh- -is managing the pro the Ohio College Li-brary Cente LC ), which is providing the 'sys-tems capability. was signed in December ,1974.Changes in the MAR( serials format required toserve the needs of all participants. including theNational Serials Data Program and the NationalLibrary of Canada. were approved by the ALACommittee on the Representationinune-Readable Form of Bibliographic Information, a tab-ular presentation of the complete format was dis-tributed, and an extensive editing guide was
32
prepared for publication Documents setting forththe agreed-upon bibliographic practices were issuedand a terminal- operating manual was circulated forcomments Programming to convert LC, MARLrecords to the new format was completed and a'tapeof 14.428 serial records was sent to 'OCLc in May1975 for loading into its file This file, along withthat of the Minnesota Union List of Serials, willserve as the base file for the CON SER project
The National Library of Canada and the Libraryof Congress concluded an agreement in November1974 for the nonexclusive exchange and distribu-tion of each country 's current imprints in machine-readable form. Specifications ha,,e been defined forthe minor modifications that \till allow the Cana-dian MARC records to be more easily processed by
S systems The tapes will be available through theM 1R( Distribution Service Negotiations for similararrangements are under way with the Bibliothi,quenationale and the National Library of Australia
,Under a pilot project, the New York Public Li-brary is sending machine-readable reports of its cur-rent acquisitions to the National Union Catalog forposting in the Register of Additional Locations Re-
placing the former system of reporting o rtIT.-the
first phase of the project is comonographic publican°bers from the I
to reports oft have LC card num-
enes to date.Because of the crucial role a machine-readable
authority file will play in a national bibliographicservice, priority is being given to the development ofan authority system. With contractual support fromthe Washington State Library and a firm of subcon-tractors. the MARC system for processing nameauthority records has been modified Work is pro-ceeding on a general book-catalog systeinclude the capability to !es . cross references
from machine-read authority files based onheadings pose in the bibliographic data
While awaiting the arrival of cathode-ray-tubeterminals with expanded character set and editingcapabilities, the automated Process Information Fileproject added access by author/title and title searchkeys to multiple records displayed consecutivelyAccess by LC card number to single records in theMARC file has been available since July 1974 Useof the system was extended to 11 units in the Proc-essing and Reference Departments.
There_ was no letup in the heavy use of the NI ARCdata base for retrieval purposes. Besides the 20 cur-rent awareness runs provided each month, numerous
k
20 RI POR 1101 1111 I 1BR 1121-1". 01 ( ONGRLSS 1975
additior,a1 listings were surplic:ii to units within theibrary as v.ell as to other institutions and urgarwa-
tions The input ut subject heading data intomachine-readable form v.as modified to allow crea-tion of weekly lists' of new and revised subjecthecidings 'and refe'rences tor use by an editorialcommittee in the Subject Cataloging Disision
ieterence cards for tiling in the Library'scatalogs and generation ut reciprocal references asneeded The St SR( Serials Project added apprum-mately 10 3's1 records to serials to the St NR( database rt5 percent of which are in 44 foreign Ian-;In iges and 16 percent in ruiriani/ed tturn,tur serialsin minr,nnari alphabets
lie tirst dratt ut the St R( International Format, completed and, made asailahle for distribtal
by the International Ottice tor Lnisersal Biblio-graphic ( Intro) ut the International Federation ofLibrary 1s,ociations OF LA) Drawn up, by theII I 1 Working (irouy..j...11f.....wrent Designators withthe actise cooporation ut the 'OAR( Deselopment()Mice will he resievved at an open meeting in
ris Tii 'October 1975 The St 11(( DeseloprnentOffice is also participating in a joint American-Sustet project, sponsored by- the National Science1 oundation, fur the deselopment and testing of acommon communications format
( A 1.51 0(,I \(,
1t the 1975 annual conference ut the ALA in Sanrancisco. 10 members of the Processing Depart-
ment staff made themselves available for consulta-tion on such topics as interpretation of the
rig n -, c t des (A Al R ), thecoNs1 R pioject. new deselopmentsheadings and classification, Cataloging m Publica-tion (( IP), and other topics of mutual concern.Denominated "Cataloging in. Pelson.- the effort wasXI whelmmg success and will he continued
Joseph IL Howard. formerly chief of the SerialRecord Division, was appointed assistant directortor cataloging, to succeed ('. Stunner Spalding, whoretired at the end of January 1975 In May of theSame year the unite of the assistant directorassumed rpm the Descriptive Catalu ng Divisionthe responsibility for editing Ca )ging ,S'ervice,issued since 1945 asimparts t communicating toother libraries information about LC cataloging andcla,sification practices Titles completed for printed
catalog cards numbered approximately 239.000. asmall increase user fiscal 1974
aratopng in PublitationAr"
Begun in July 1971. this prgram has processed over50 000 titles. handling a record 20.500 during fiscal1975 There are now 967 cooperating firms 82 col-lege and untserstty presses. 18 federal agencies, and867 trade publishers and scholarly -reprint housesProgram manager Willi Gosling sisited firmsand addressed ps California, Connecticut.Illinois sachusetts. New Hampshire. New York.
Carolina. and Pennsy lvattia to further (interests He'and Carol A Nemeyer. senior associ-ate. Associatio. n American Publishers, spoke unthe development and current status of the U S (iFprogram at the June 1975 session of the Workshopun Cztalugumg in Toronto. with Mr Gosling empha-swing librarians' views of the program and Mrs.Nemeyer representing those of publishers. The ses-sion was sponsored jointly by the Canadian LibraryAssociation and the Canadian Association of Collegeand University libraries. The Cataloging in Publica-tion Progress Report, originally designcd to informpublishers of adjustments in routines and libiariansof program activities, ceased publication with July1974 These purposes can now be served more effec-tively through letters sent directly to publishinghouses and through articles in Cataloging Serviceand the Library of Congress Information Bulletin
'Machine-Readable Cataloging-
Two innovations significantly affecting the MAR("L'Zitilr-ral-Division were the adoption in September1974 of the revised chapter, six of the AACR, in-corporating the provisions of the InternationalStandard Bibliographic Description for MonographicPublic...loons and the implementation in March 1975of the Card Automate Reproduction and Distil-
----hrtr-t-ion System ((- A S).- The use in the revisedchapter six of unique punctuation and spacingconventions to identify elements of bibliographicdescription raT.ITITates--4he _conversion of foreign-language records into the NiNt( format. Under( AR Ds, the catalog cards formthose bibliographicentries currently being added to the mARc database are printed from the MARC tapes via photo-
33
/
1
THE PkiC t SSIM, DI PAR EMI NT.
composition. thus eliminating the duplication ofeffort which existed when these cards were also pro-duced by the Government Printing Office The num-ber of languages covered continued to expand withthe addition to English and French of German.Spanish. and Portuguese monographs with imprintdates of d 975 and subsequent years. There are nowover on^alf million records in the 11 ARC data
____base-BarboaJ--Roland. chief of the MARC Edito-rial Division. addressed the topic "Feasibility Implementation in Action" at the November 1974
National Symposium on the Expanding Potential ofWord Processing. sponsored by the National Ar-chives and Records Service
Descriptive Cataloging
With its organizational phase successfully cum-p'retsed, the project to prepare a second edition ofthe A u-American cataloging code accelerated.Paul W. N ler. formerly LC'6 principal descriptivecataloger. a ed his duties as editor in January1975. Elizabeth i, Tate, chief of the DescriptiveCataloging Division. succeeded C. Sumner Spalding.retired, as LC representative to the Joint SteeringCommittee and liaison for the ALA Catalog CodeRevision Committee. Robert M. Hutt, assistant tothe assistant drrectur for cataloging. became thedeputy representative. After identifying the differ-ences between the North American and Britishtexts, the editor and associate editor made goodprogress xi reconciling those ,that are editorial 'innature and in analyzing those that are substantive.The Reference Department and the Law Library areparticipating in studying the suggestions for changesreceived from several sources. Mrs. Tate gave theopening address at the seminar on the revised Anglo-,American Cataloging Rules, sponsored by BrighamYoung University.
Since international standards of ibliugraphicdescription are today an important ement in codedevelopment, the _Descriptive Cataloging Divisionwelcomed the uppurtunitY tic(work with the RareBook and Special Collections Division un the con-tent of the standard for the description of earlybooks and with the Serial Record Division On the
Standard Bibliographic Description(ISN)) for serials, Although there is still no ac-cepted international standard for the description ofnonprint materials, the basic concepts, extrapolated
//
wir
21
from the ISBD for monographs. were incorporatedinto the revision of chapter I :: of the Anglo-A mentan Cataloging Rides. drafted by B. R.
Tucker. the LC principal descnptive cataloger Therevised chapter. entitled "Audiovisual Media andSpecial Instructional Materials." was approved bythe ALA Catalog Code Revision Committee and theCanadian Committee on Cataloguing in April 1975It will be issued as a separate by ALA shortly afterthe close of the fiscal year
Approximately 42 percent of the new titles cata-loged were in foreign languages Bandjoun. Kaje.and Warrau were added to the list during the year
At the request of the lvlusic Library Association.the Musiz, Section of the Descriptive CatalogingDivision in April 1975 began a pilot experiment toprovide analytical entries for sound recordings. En-tries not exceeding 15 per recording will be pro-vided for collections of classical music. includingthose with collectitt titles and worRs 6), more than
- one composer. The Audiovisual Section catalogedall of the titles submitted by the National Audio-visual Center.
Two projects for searching titles that cooperatinglibraries reported as not covered by LC catalogingwere inaugurated by the Shared Cataloging Divisionin January 1975. Current U.S. titles are being re-ported by 12 libraries. Chinese and Korean titles by11. The several acquisitions control files were
weeded. converted from main entry to title arrange-ment, and consolidated, resulting in a saving in bothtime and space.
ai
Subject Cataloging
Combining such diverse but interacting functions assubject analysis, editorial compilation, and shelflist-ing. the Subject Cataloging Division increased pro-ducfion in nearly all' its activities.
The headings and references in 4he eighth editionof Library of Congress ,Subject Headings were issuedin May 1975 on 98-frame microfiche on an experi-mental basis. The microform was prepared for use ina I 2-month pilot study' to assess user receptivity, toinvestigate micrufurms suitable for use in a technicalprpcesses environment, and to determine whetherpublication of reference tools in continuously updated microform editions at regular intervals is feasi-ble. The pilot study and the experimental offeringof the subject headings list in microform were ini-
Crated as part of a continuing effort by the Libraryto disseminate its bibliographic products as quicklyas possible This microfiche edition was also selectedby the Government.Printing Office as the first publi-cation to be distribu,ted in that format to depositorylibraries in &program tu determine if microform willbe as acceptable as inkprint for selected Ti $.documents.
The division began providing alternate numbersfor bibliographies which the Library of Congressshelves in class Z, another evidence of its concernfor serving the library community through central-ized cataloging techniques. Subject headings wereupdated 1i ROPLANLS was changed tu AIR-PLANI S, the dichotomy of %%OMAN versus%% OM \ was eliminated with only the latter re-tamed, and ( 11RISTIAN EDUCATION was estab-lished in response to the comment that the headingR LLIGIOL S i DU( %MN had been made to serveboth a general and a special function. The names ofBritish counties were updated in List 174 of LCClassification Additions and Changes
The General Law portion of class K was com-pleted and is now undergoing editorial review andformatting The federal portion of subclass KE (Lawof Canada), and the sections for l 1 of the 12 prov-inces and territories were also completed. The sec-tion for Quebec is being prepared by Guy Tanguayof the Universite de Sherbrooke. The American Lawschedule was applied to 1811 current titles, 2,980older works, and 129 legal periodicals. As mono-graphs and treatises on American law are retrospec-tively cataloged. microfilm copy of the entries ismade available to other libraries.
The project to replace temporary shelflist cards ,
with permanent printed ones was completed in thespring of 1975 with the aid of two work-studystudents from Kalamazoo College Among the divi-sion's visitors was an Iranian librarian who spentthree weeks mastering Library of Congress practicesto be apphed in the Teheran Book ProcessingCentre. Edward J. Blume, chief of the Subject Cata-
'1oging Division,' was elected vice chairman andchairman-elect of the Cataloging and ClassificationSection of the ALA Resources and Technical Ser--vices Division
Decimal Classification
For the first time in its history the Decimal Classifi-cation Division topped the 00,000 mark, surpass-
RI PORT 01 THE LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRESS, 1975
mg its previous high by over .10 percent and settinga new record for titles classified. The number oftitles per hour worked was 4.20an increase of 8.5percent. Coverage included virtually all titles in Eng-lish and French and a growing number in German,Spanish, and Portuguese. In addition, 8,400 audio-visual titles were assigned decimal classificationnumbers by the Descriptive Cataloging Division.
Development of the 19th edition of the DeweyDecimal Classification continued, together with a re-vision and updating of the index. The EditorialPolicy Committee met at the Library in November1974 and April 1975, approving drafts:of numerousschedules and remanding others for further study.Volume 3, number 6/7, of Dewey Decimal Classifi-cation Additions, Notes and Decisions was preparedfor publication. The coordination of effort previ-ously established with the British National fibliog-raplij, the Australian National Bibliography, andCanadiana was uninterrupted.
At a regional workshop on national tibliographyheld in November 1974 in Georgetown, Guyana, itwas decided that four English-speaking countries ofthe Caribbean would start producing national bibli-ographies of their currenLimprints, and that therewould also be a cumulated regional bibliographycombining all four. It was agreed that the five bibli-ographies would be in classified,sequence followingthe 18th edition of the Dewey Decimal Classifica-tion. The countries are Trinidad and Tobago, Bar-bados, Guyana, and Jamaica.
Benjamin A. Custercluef of the Decimal Classifi-cation Division, described the division's activities ata meeting in Denver of the Colorado Library Asso-ciation in October 1974.
Cataloging Instruction
Continuing a trend that began in 1968, most of thestudents in the cataloging instruction program-87percentenrolled in specialized courses designed toteath catalog-related skills rather than cataloging perse, as the chart Qn page 23 Illustrates. Among thecourses offered were catalog use, filing, intermediatecataloging for processing assistants, introduction tothe Anglo - American cataloging rules, introductorycourse Yor preliminary cataloge orientation tointernational standard bibliographic description, andspecialized procedures for descriptive catalogers. Ofthe 264 students, 207 were from ten divisions of the
Tiff PRO( I SS1NC P1121 N I
timber (41 ,
studentsflours ofi.
instructionPercent of Percent ofstudents instruction
23
Cataloging and cataloging procedures 34 349 4* 13 46
Job skills for the cataloging support suit 112 321 42 42
Catalog use 118 88 45 12
Processing Department, 53 from eight divisions ofthe Reference Department. two from the Copy rightOffice, and two from the library of the SupremeCourt.
PROCESSING Sb RNICIS
The bibliographic production and control activitiesof the department. including the construction anddevelopment of the LC card and book catalogs andthe distributioT,o,f catalog information to other li-braries andonIfitutions, are the responsibility of theassistant director for processing services and hisstaff.
Cataloging Distribution
In February 1975 the Card Division was renamedthe Cataloging Distribution Service (CDS) Divisionto reflect more accurately the division's expandedrole as distributor of the Library's cataloging in avariety of physical forms MARC tapes. microforms, printed &al ug cards. proofsheets, bunk cata-logs, and technical publications. The CDS Divisionwill be, as the Card Division has been, the channelthrough which the sum total of the cataloging gener-ated, collected. and assembled at the Library is
made available Co networks. technical processingcenters, commercial processing firms. libraries. research institutes, and individual users in this countryand abroad..
As the use of LC cataloging has continued togrow, demand for the cataloging data has emphasized the need for primary bulk distnbutiun ratherthan secondary distribution in the, form of indivi-dual card orders. In response to this need. the cata-loging distribution service will emphasize the initialdissemination of the cataloging data base to regional
centers and other national network nodes for betterlibrary and information service.
This development in no way implies that the Li-brary will neglect the direct sale to libraries of indi-vidually ordered catalog card sets On the contrary,the Library will continue to sell individual sets toany person or any organization wishing to buythem. and manpower and funding for this servicewill be kept as high as the volume of individual cardorders will support.
When the CDS Division began the photocomposi-tion of catalog cards for newly cataloged or, recata-loged MARL titles on March 24, 1975, the branchof the Government Printing Office located in thedivision ceased Linotype composition of MARCcards. The effect of this changeover in a printingprocedure of such very long standing was that in amatter of a few weeks the GPO branch found itnecessary to reduce its staff of Linotype operatorsand proofreaders by 10 posktions and was contep -plating further reductions at the close of the fiscalyear Quite by accident. the beginning date thisnew procedure in the preparation of catalyt cards,at least for those titles to be included in the MA RCdata base. all but coincided with the nniversarydate of the distribution of M A RC re/ rds, for onthe next day, March 25, the CDS ivision com-pleted its sixth year of providing machine-readablerecords for monographs, serials', films, and mapscataloged by the Library of Congress. Thus. withthe original photocomposition of catalog cards usingthe MAR( tapes, the Library moved another stepforward in the ,utilization of these computer-generated records. As the MARC system expands toinclude titles cataloged in languages other than Eng-lish, French. Spanish, Ptjitipzuese, and German, theuse of the photocomposition process in the prepara-tion of cards will also expand,/
Four terminals were in fed in the CDS Divisionduring the latter h of the fiscal year and the
3 (3
24 RI PORT 01 TILL LIBRARIAN Of CONGRLSS. 1975
ow%7
NOOkill'ON
1970 1971
( tt iini( & 1 RC tape.
Salestscal tears 1967.'0497,i
searching ut the m.. lu data base for card orderssubmitted without the LC card number began inMay 1975 As a result, there arose the question ofwhat should he done with the large searching cata:log that occupies most of the floor space in Building159 E,at the Navy Yard-Annex. It seemed clear thatnewly printed cards, representing titles in theNI 1R( data base. that could be searched throughterminals should no longer be filed into the catalogThis step significantly decreased its growth at a timewhen it was threatening to exceed the confines ofthe'building
The ('as Division exhibited its wares at the mid-winter and annual conferences of the American[Army Ar'NUllation and. by invitation, at the Wash-
37
N 'N
NN
Cards
Total
1973 1974 1975
ingtun conference of the International Federationof Library Associations.
Card Catalogs
The functions of managing the card catalogs andpublishing them in book form were separated in1970, thus making the.present Catalog Management,Division five years old in fiscal 1975. The principalprojects of the quinquennium were the expansion ofthe Main and Official Catalogs. Another five yearsmay witness their closing, for 1980 is the projecteddate when, if everything goes well, all current cata'luging will be in machine - readable form, retrievable
'Till PROCESSING DLPAR1 NIE NT
r
on-line by means of cathode-ray-tube terminals As,C
a result, the .existing Lard catalogs -could be closeo,and possibly disposed of by revising their tiling andprinting them as books ur in microform.
The inauguration in 'March 1975 of mina;printing-by means of photoLomposition and offset;reproduction -of newly cataloged titles added to theMARC data be makes possible the production notonly of unit catalog Lards for stock and depository tY
distribution but also of cards with overprinted head-ings for filing in the Library 's Lard catalogs.
The Far Eastern Languages Catalog, expanded by240 trays dUring last fisi.al year, was expanded againthis year by another 120 trays. The National eniunCatalog of Manuscript Collections files were en-larged by 20 trays and minor expansions wzreeffected in the Main and Official Catalogs. The Proc-ess Information Unit answered 73,374 inquiriesduring fiscal 1975 and cables fur terminals wereinstalled in furtherance of the project to automatethe Process Information File.
s/ As )he year ended, staff of the Catalog Managefnent ' and MARC Editorial Divisions exchangedvisits for orientation in each other's proceduresPatricia S.,'Ines, assistant chief of the CatalogManagementA Division, served during the year as amember of the.. qual Employment OpportunitySubcommittee o he A LA4Offii.e for Library Per-sonnel Resources.
Catalogs in Book Form
The growing interest in Chinese affairs over the pastdecade, has resulted in Increasing demands fromscholars -for fuller and prompter coverage of Chinesepublications. Most pressing has been the need forlibraries to find a means of sharing their cataloging,thus avoiding costly duplication of effort, Relianceun LC, printed Lards presented two difficulties. first,the Library's acquisitions policies are not necessarilyidentical with those of other institutions, second,printing Chinese characters involves time- consumingprocesses which delay the appeararke,of the catalogLards. After extensive consultation with the Associa-tion for Asian Studies, especially with its Commit-tee un East Asian Libraries, it was agreed to makeavailable through a monthly bibliography the cata-loging done since January 1, 1975, by the Libraryof Congress and 12 other major U.S. East Asianlibraries selected by the committee. The first issue
25
of the C'hinese Cuoperatne Catalog appeared earlyin calendar 1975, listing 893 monographs.and serialsrepresented by photographed catalog cards from thecooperating libraries, arranged alphabetically byromanized title. Each card is presented in its en-tirety and the image is reduced only 25 percent topreserve the legibility of the Chinese characters andfacilitate copying. This acquisitions, cataloging, andreferene tool is the Library's response to an urgent
iY need.t The automated system which uses the MARC data
ase to produce Lards for the book catalogs printslint only the main entry cards but also headings for'elch added entry, cross reference, series, and subjectertiry in English and French. The data base will beexppded to cover other languages. Computerpro aced Lards first appeared in the June '1975 issueof trke National Union Catalog. With the January-Marc4 1975 issue, Library of Congress Catalog-Book Subjects in the catalog series was renamedthe Scrpect Catalog to correct the implication thatit is aancerned only with books, because serials,maps, ;;Ind other library materials are also included.The 1p4 annual of Music, Books on Music, andSound Recordings, containing 1,066 pages, was thelargest /to date -evidence of its increasing contribu-tion to music librarianship. The initial issue ofMonographic Series, announced last year, contained21,000 entries for more than 12,000 series pub-lished throughout the world.
Compiled in the Descriptive Cataloging Divisionfrom reports provided by other U.S. repositories,the 1973-74 volume of the National Union Catalogof Manuscript Collections is the 12th in a continu-ing series designed to bring under bibliographic con-trol manuscripts housed permanently in Americaninstitutions that are open regularly to scholars. Itdescribes over 2,100 collections in 163 archives,Jus-turical societies, and libraries, 39 of which are re-porting holdings for the first time, bringing the totalnumber located to 33,400 in 920 institutions.
The period under review witnessed several mile-stones in the National Union Catalog, Pre -1956Imprints' patient but steady progress through thealphabet. With the completion of most of the letter"0," approximately two-thirds of the entries, apsychological hurdle was surmounted. By any meas-ure the project has scaled the mountain of cards andis now beginning the descent.
During fiscal 1975 the project advanced its edi-torial work from Massachusetts to Ostlind, Josef.
38
26
Ca this journey many states and othdr-jprisdictions were encountered. or example, MiChi-gan, Minnsota, Mississippr:Missouri, Montana.Nebraska, Neva T,;.:NEW Hampshire, New Jersey,New M , I 'ew York one of the largest filesNorth Carolina, North Dakota, and Mexico. Moroc-co, Netherlands, New Zealand, and Norway Along
\.1
RkPOR 01 Till LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRESS, 1975
however, was newspapers. The Serial Division hadproposed that its collection of pagers be broughtunder better (..ontrul and the Serial Record Divisionjoined in devising procedures to do so. As a result.the Serial Division cataloged the titles already in itscustody, under the technical supervision of SerialRecord catalogers. The bibliographic data is now
1961
1972
1071
19/4
34,694
29,308
38.355
44,252
45,012
68,248 !
77,069
84.280!
.85,125
106,588
10 20 10 MI .70
(pages 01 I 000
Pagc,,,f,,arncra cops preparya by the (arcili,k Publaanon Do :slim/ ma/ years /90e, 107,?
80 911 1 100
I 8,01, pr.pir (000 Tongtnnnlil 001t0ation.
the way were such personages as Moliere od Mozartand the easily confused Mayers and Meyers, Millers .
and Mullers were encountered.By the end of the year 398 volumes had been
published, with covertge through Miedzynarodny,another 16 volumes were being printed,-and thetotal number _of edited cards since the project'sbeginning stood ati7.1 million.
Serials
The first serials- were newspapers, since the firstffired newspaper appeared in 1609 and the earliestperiodicals not until 1665. The last category, ofserials jo he cataloged by the Library of Congress
,) 39
vi
120
being developed to meet the requirements for auto-mation, which will permit input into the CONSLRproject as well as the.production of catalog cards.
A minor change in the Anglo-American catalogingrules, reported in bulletins 110 and 112 of Catalog-erj was made in anticipation of the adop-tion_ of the International Standard BibliographicDescription for Serials. The ISBDIS) was publishedin 1974 at the recommendation of the Joint Work-ing Grou of the Committee on Cataloguing and theCo itte on Serial Publications of the Inter-national Federation of Library Associations (II LA).It was issued with the recognition that serials cata-loging is in a transitional stage and that, after aperiod of use and interpretation, the text would berevised to appear as a first standard edition.
THE PROCIESSIN6 DEPART MINT
In preparation t this ,revisionr commentsr.addi-tio4s, and amendments appropriate to the successfulapplication of ISBD(S) were requested by ILEAfrom national cataloging agencies and committees.In response, a concerted effort was made in the
United States - and Canada to assess the thBDISrwith regard to its capability for uniform interpreta-tion, compatibility with the (.;uidelines for !SDS(international Serials Data System), and potential asa framework for incorporation into a revised chap-ter seven of the AACR. To facilitate these efforts,rfpresentatives of the ALA Catalog Code RevisiOnCommittee, the Canadian Committee on Catalogu-
tvong, and the Library of Congress prepared a positionpaper on their joint proposals for revision of theISBD(S). It was presented to the LA Joint Work-int Group in March 1975 in anticipation of a meet-ing scheduled for October 1975 at which decisionswill be made to be used ui the editorial revision of afirst standard edition of ISBD(S).
A serials librarian, trying to explain to publishersof journals the librarian's side of serials, dubbedNew Serial Titles(N ST) the "tool of tools." Duringfiscal 1975 the toolmakers prepared the 1971-73'
.cumulation of NST for publication in the spring of1975, completed work un the 1971;74 cumulation,and input over 150,000 library locations-an in-crease of nearly 70 percent. Other members of theSerial Record Division staff cleared 1,350,000issues, all but 7 percent of them at the accession-.ing stage.-
Designed particularly fqr theopearly 60 librarytechnicians.-..wia, a range of duties that includesediting; reference work, searching, and rsible-filecataloging, the division instituted in 1973 a trainingprogram and promotion plan to build 4 more effi-cient and flexible staff and reduce wasteful turnoverby 'providing not only incentive but also variety ofwork A considerable proportion of the staff hasbecuird7 expert in all the duties listed, turnover hasbeen almost halved, and attainment ulthe dual goalseems within reach.
The staff and functions of the National SerialsData Program (NSDP) were transferred in January1975 from the Processing Department Office to theSerial Record Division, thus formalizing a workingrelationship that had already resulted in a coordina-tion of the,serial processing functions with the inter-national responsibilities of NSDP as the U.S.
representative to the international Serials DataSystem. The ISM, established within the frame.
work of the Unescu/Unisist program, is a networkof national and regional centers for the creation andmaintedance of computer-based data banks contain-'.ng essential information f e identification ofserials.' Though no of them are as yet opera-
are, in addition toNISDP and thecentral agerb,y in Paris, centers in Argentina, Austra-ha, Canada, Finland:France, the Federal Republicof Germany. Italy, Japan, Nigeria, the Soviet Unionacting for the COMECON (Council for Mutual.Economic Assistance) countries, Sweden, Tunisia,the United Kingdom, and Yugoslavia The well-attended first meeting of the ISDS centers was heldin November 1974 with NSYP as host.
Fulfilling its rule as a national centeuntied the systematic registration cirserials pub-lished in the United States through the assignmentof International Standard Serial Numbers to titlescataloged by the three national libraries. In addi-tion, recognizing that the full benefits of the systemwill be realized only when the ISSN appears on theactual serial issues, a liaison was established to workdirectly -with publishers, encouraging the use of the -numbers. With the concurrence of the National Sci-ence Foundation, which funded the project, 'de-
velopment of.a cbre data base of serials in scienceand technology was postponed until initiation ofthe CONSER program.
Robert D. Desmond, assistant chief for manage-ment, and Joseph W., Price, assistant chief fornational and international operations, served alter-nately.as acting chief of the Serial Record Divisionuntil a replacement for Joseph H. Howard wasappointed.
P
TECHNICAL PROCESSES RESEARCH ti
During fiscal 1975 the Technical Processes Research,Office became deeply involved in planning for thefuture of Latalbg cdntro1 in the Library or Congress.On the basis of present projections, an automatedsystem of catalog' control using the MARC data basewill be operative by 1980. Timely development ofthis system is contingent on resolution of,basicpkiblems relati4 to hardware, software, staff, andspace. The prime attribute of the new system will btflexibility. Users will be able to query the files in-many different ways and they w)11 have several op-tions as to the speed, detail, and extent of the re-sponse.
4 0
Once all Lurrent cataloging is being Lunverted toM ARC form and autumate'd Lontrul has beenachieved, it will no longer be justifiable to add newentries to the Lard Latalugs At that point, the ques-fun of the relationship uf the old catalogs to themachine data base must be resolved The must real-ismc policy would be to treat the m A R( data baseas Lumplete in itself. when establishing name head-ings. subject headings. and call numbers Thus.although the dosed LataLogs would remain indis-pensable guides tu large segments of the Library'scollections. for Lataroging purposes they wouldbecame only reference source, Lventually , the nun-m \ R( catalog entries Luuld be prepared fur publi-Lation a book catalog or in mkrolorm.
In the ext five or six years these developmentswill have a major impact on the Library's internalopeiations and on outside users of its bibliographicproducts Therefore. efforts are being made to en-sure wide understanding of the Lunsequerke ofautomation. In addition to internal briefings anddiscussions. presentations have been given at meet-ings of the Association of Research Libraries, theMichigan Library Association. and the MidwestAcademic Librarians Conference An Advisory Com-mittee on the Futurq of the LE Catalogs drawnfrom the ALAI R TSD ITeLlinft.al ServiLes Directorsof Large Research Libraries discussion group wasestablished. meeting for the first time in April 1975Other- meetings and briefings are .planned fur thecoming year
An analysis a the characteristics of a sample ofcurrent catalog records was made-as part of the con-tinuing study of dynamic file growth. One of themost interesting findings is that only 4.7 percent ofthe 1.645 discrete name headings that appeared on1,000 sample records were irkompatible with theAnglo - American cataloging Rules. This evidence ofthe relatively slight effect of the Library's policy ofsuperimpositiOn is attributable to three factors
,-------- More thans,13,1 percent of the headings were estab-------- lished for the record in hand
About 30 perLent of the "old- headings had beenstabtished since '1968, the year A,1 el? was
adopted.A
The vast majority uf headings would be establishedin the same form under either set of rules.
4-1
RI PORT 01 T111 LIBR ARIA \ Of CONGR1 SS. 1975
Another study. based un a sample of 6.083 Lardsdrawn from the topical subject part of the LC' Offi-cial Catalog. estimated that it Lontains about681.000 disLiete headings when each subd videdform is Lounted separ4ely. The great diff ence
between this estimate n the 96,000 headsmated tu be in the 8th edition of Libras ogross Sublet t 'Headings is explained by the fact tthe printed list excludes many categories of head-ings and expressly avoids detailing all of the sub-divisions .uf the headings given I The, study alsoestimated that the tOpkal the Luntains 348,000 seeand see also references-an average of one for everytwo headings An in-depth an-aiysis of the characteristics of the headings in the'sample revealed. amongother things. that more than half had been estab-lished since 1959 and one- quarter within the lastfive years
Additional studies and projects related to thedevelopment of automated catalog Lontrul in-cluded.
sti-
Estimates of the sues of index files for the CoreBiphographic System.
Performance comparisions of various types of com-pression keys for §earth-Kg-by name and title'
Evaluation of ynaLlune searches using LC subjectheadings. LC classification numbers. and Deweydecimal numbers
Design and implementation. in collaboration, withthe MAR( Development Office and the MARCLditorial Divigion, of a new program for generatingstatistical reports.of manpower Lusts for M AR(input.
Monitoring of a contract to update and enlarge aprogram for counting data elements in MARCrecords.
Analysis of the incidence of incorrect InternationalStandard Book Numbers in MAR'C records
Estimates\ of machine-readable titles based on LCLupy available from potential participants in theC ()MAR(' project
Since 1914 the Congre;sional Research Serviee hasprovided a supplemental and unique staff resourcefor Members and eummitt es of the Congress Withthe skills of a highly edidea ed professional staff andaccess to a wealth f Library researelyand referencematerials, the Ser ee is able to accommodate anenormous range of ongre<ional requests each year.Staff specialists off r background peports, analysesof bills and of alternative legislattve pilposals, legalopinions, legislative histories, assistance in hearingsand other phases of the legislate e,proeess, factualstatements, bibliographies, grap ii:s. translations.and a diversity of reference sere ces. Virtually allsubjects of interest to the Congress in the.perform-anee of their legislative and representative functionsare within the purview of requests to C KS.
The Servile workload showed , a tremendousgrowth in fiscal 1975 Cleared requests numbered244,498, topping last year's reeurd high of 202,344by 21 percent Significant factors affecting thisgrowth ineluded the increases in major projects foreungressional committees, the rising demand for the
'Serviee's Issue Briefs. the production of bill factualstatements, and the addition of new units anLI activi-ties in such areas as futures research and °Lean andeoastal resources. But perhaps more important forthe futdre, the volume of reqttests was not partieu:_larly affected by seasonal flueluations, reaching anunusually high level during' traditionally busymonths and for the most part maintaining itthroUghout the year.
Generally, (- RS has became a much larger, more
42
diversified both in services and methodologies --andmore accessible research source in these years andhas eunseiously sought these outcomes. This chapterpresents the new services and developments of thepast year, espe>- fly those related to directives ofthe Legislat Reorganization ALt of 1970, againsta baekdr p of advames made during the past fouryears
-...,,,_ .
NLIV SERVICES AND DEVELOPMENTS
Section 321 of the Legislative Reorganization Actof 19 0 was primarily directed to enhancing CRS
,polio analysis and researeb support capabilities forthe ongress The act's provisions focus principallyon e pandkng the Service's legislative stipport foreumi ittees, but analytical, legislative support forMembers and the eontinuatuaneftralitional ser-vices are stressed
Since 1971 the Service has proceeded toement the provisions and intent of the act in
numerous ways. Its implementation plan, initiatedin fiscal 1972, is nearing completion. It has in-ereased and broadened the seope of its substantive.research endeavors for committees, Members, and,
_ more recently, other legislative branch agencies. Itsstaff has grown to a eurrent total of 741 persons. Ithas aeeommodated a diversity of congressionalneeds, some not widely anticipated five years ago,especially with regard to automated informationsystems and their products and the provision of
29
seminar programs un d vsnet> or current publicpolicy issues
PoliLy Analysis and Research
The Service has increased its analytical. in-depthwork for congresiunal committees A visible meas-ure of this progress is the number of major projectsthat entalLanalysis, direct or indirect contributionsto legislation. and a significant expenditure of re-searcher time (generally. 10 staff-days or more)Since fiscal year 1973, the number of such protectsunderway for committees increased each year from
.220 to 373, to 500 Coverage was extended thisyear to 7s percent of all committees and 30 percentut all subcommittees, including 222 projects furHouse committees. 250 for Senate committees, and2S for joint committees Similar major projects forMembers and those undertaken in anticipation ofcongressional needs ruse to appruxunately 100 fureach. Overall, the Service worked, on 709 materprojects during the year, 4S percent more than infiscal 1974,
Over the past three years the Service has noted asteady rise in congressional requests for projectsthat require multidisciplinary and therefore inter-divisional treatment More than 100 of these at.-counted for nearly a fifth of tle time spent on thisyear's major project assignments They tend to bethe most comprehensive and extensive undertakingsinR . frequently engaging the efforts of severaldivisions and numerous analysts For example.
Major contributions were made by some 14 analystsin the American Law. Government and GeneralResearch, and Foreign Affairs Divisions to HjuscJudiciary Committee investigations & the politiciza-tion ut the Department of Justice. A series of bail'_.ground reports were drafted concerning the statusof the department and the proposal for a specialprosecutor. Additional reports prepared at the com-mittee's request became the cure for a lenkthy com-mittee print on "Politics and the Administration ofJustice."
Over 20 analysts were involved in the compilation,evaluation, and analysis of available materials on the35 legislative proposals of the Senate "Watergate"Committee and in writing separate reports on eachto assist the Senate Government Operations Cum-
43
RE PORT 01 MI LIBRARIAN OE ( °NOR' SS. 1975
nuttee's preparation of a draft bill Assistance waslater provided in drafting questions for witnesses inthe Senate hearings on the proposed WatergateReform At
More than 100,man-d-ays were invested in the com-pilation and in-depth analysis of the positions andpublic record of vice-presidential nominee Nelson.Rockefeller. for confirniation hearings held by theHuuse Judiciary Committee The CRS papers weresubsequently published as a committee print
Comprehensive assistance wall provided to theHouse Select Committee on Committees in hearingsand floor debate on H R 988, the CommitteeReform Amendments of 1974 Several staff mem-'bers lent extensive assistance to the consideration ofenergy policy by the House Ways and Means Com-mittee Congressional irielTigations of U S. mien':gence agencies generated numerous reports andhearings support from CRS analyS'ts Additionalinterdivisional studies were conducted on the tech-niques of congressional oversight, world food scar-cities. and various alternatives for financing theWashington. D,C . Metro system.
For Members, interdivisional teams reported onsuch subjects as the U.S materials and food short.;,,ages and the federal institutions ,that monitor mate-rials supplies, the compliance costs of safety laws,the issues related to the Departfnent of Interior'sbudget. for fiscal 1976. the history of the BritishOfficial Secrets Act, and the proposed establishment.of an Office of Food Administration
The Service has established various task force andspecial groups to assist in coordinating interdiscipli-nary projects and subject areas Last year a coordi-native group was formed to review energy-relatedrequests and projects. Early in 1975 a similar taskforce was appointed to coordinate Service-widesupport to the Members and committees involvedwith the investigations of U.S. intelligence agenciesTo assist with the Senate's National Ocean PolicyStudy (NOPS), an ad hoc group created by resolutionof Congress, the Service set up an independentinternal unit, the Ocean and Coastal Resources Proj-ect (OCRP), and hued a specialist on marine re-sources to serve as a consultant to both N PS andCRS staff members.
A futures team and advisory panel were or ruedto assist in the Identification and analysis of emerg-ing public policy issues. Other responsibilities of the
THE CO:v(fRESSr.Al RI St 1R( H SI RVICI 31
team include developing worktng seminars fur CRSstaff on futures research. designing an informatin-sy stem to meet the future-onented_AnfOrmationneeds of Congress, and montiontfithie preparatidnby an outside group of a comprehensive manual onfutures research for CRS and the National .'ScienceFOundation
A significant portion of CRS research contribu'ions are found in the sisurt-term, tailored responsesit, supplies to the Congress This } ear some 30.820'requests were answered by substantive reports.memoranda. letters. or in-person consultations
The Ser e has made increasing use of theeontraetin authority it was granted in the 19'0Legislativ eurganiratiun kJ to respond fully tocongre o al requests calling for special knowledge.tech ques or laeilities not readily available within( RS Con acts were let for some 34 projects duringfiscal 197 . meluding 23 projects for 14 egrimittees
..°5' and five f r individual Members Six additional cont -Niels*wit Coners wide applications werelet for.c.--congressi nal seminars. futures research. and otherprojects '.
As in previous years. eunirtt efforts reflected,public p,i'lley concerns of the Congress in;7__domestic and foreign affairs 'Dominant areas
o study ineluded such issues as national healthinsurance. social security, military pensions andretirement pay. impact of the nonguvernmatal U S..media on foreign countries. and effects of U.S. foodpolle} in Latin America- Studies were also made ofthe mechanics and effects uf federal R&D efforts. Ofthe options available in the creation of a federaloLeans agen4y, and uf eompUter simulation mod-
?-- ,cling.The 1970 act directediCRS to prepare. at the.
beginning of every new Congrels, lists of subject andpulley ar as'that each eummittee might profitablypursue it depth In dose coordination with com-mittee s ffs. teams of t RS. analysts first preparedlists for he 93d Congress and completed a secondeffort t is year fur the 94th 'Congress. Altogether,165 an lysts participated in 35 teams to prepare the37 lis this year In must eases. the final pruchictim_lu ed. at the preference uf the committee, acomprehensive analysis of each subject listed.
is effuit to assist committees with their ad-va ce planning gives CRS staff the opportunity to
et new committee staff members, keep abreast ofonimit tee developments, and strengthen andxtend C RS-committee liaison arrangements Plans
were developed et the end..of the fiscal year toestablish. a more formal liaison, with one senioranalyst serving as the official contact between CRSand each committee
Automated Information Services
With the 'assistance of the Li.ljti.aga Information'Systems Office, CRS tees midern technologicalsupport ft congressional offries through the applica-tion rthe..._computer tcr vanetY of informationproeesse.3, including information retrieval, statisticalmanipulation. and report writing The support isboth direct in offering computerbased facilities to/he Congress and indirect in supporting CRS respon-ses to congressional inquiries
A major effort tn the Service's automation pro-grarfi has been the expansion and enhancement of-
*,----the-6ep_slative Information Display System (LIDS,1,The faeifily offers remote computer terminal accessto three legisMive data files the legislative database containing all bills introduced in the currentCongress and used for 'Se printed Bill Digest, toebibliographic citation file of approxitnately -75,000references to CRS reportS, official documents, andperiodical literaliand the Major Issues file con-taining briefs on selected key issues of current legis-lative interest Early tn fiscal 1975 LIDS wassupporting a network of 25 cathode-ray-tube (CRT)videoscieen terminals A dozen of these were dis-tributed among- CRS research divisions and refer-_epee centers and 13 were in use on a pilot basis byvarious Senate off-hies. In May 1975 the SenateCommittee on Rules and Administration authorizedthe procurement of 100 CRT terminals to provideSenate offices access to LIDS.
To respond more rapidly and effectively, to a vari-ety of congressional requests, CRCsubscnbes to anumber of external computer data systems. Briefly,these new.include the New York Times InformationBank. the healih field citations of MED LINE, legalfiles of the Department of Justice (JURIS), an econ-ometric model of the U.S. economy, and other eco-nomic data series, a software package allowinganalysis of various prdposed federal aid-to-education
'formulas, and an education statistics system knownas 1:D1'j
Overview of CRS automation activities IS centeredin its Information Systems Group (ISG), whichcoordinates the use of the Service's systems and pro-
41
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vides training and related functions Am ng themore ambitious recent ISG activities for tl e Gdn-gress were the analysis and computer progr miningof key word indexes to the U S Constitutio i and tothe text of a 1974 public law, the,onaly sisand datamanipulation of sLiere and teLhnulogy grant infor-mation, the preparation of specialized computerprograms to generate reports analyzing the mortgagelending patterns of a major U.S. city, and the minanun of a computer-based indexing, thesaurus andbibliographic file for 4 Longressional committee
Major computer -based products for the Congressavailable this year included,
Issue Briefs. The Major Issues System. the .newestcomponent of LIDS, became officially' operationalin November 1974 with formal announcements tothe Congress by the respective chairmen of theSenate Rules an&Administration and House All-naiLi.istration Committees More than 60.000 printedcopies of ,Issue Bnefs_have sinLo been supplied to645 different congressional offiLes. The briefs arefrequently updated with contributions from morethan one-third of the Service's subject specialists. ByJune 30, there were 174 titles available in the sys-tevi, addressed to specific issues in the fields of eLo-ndmiLs, education. environment, foreign affairs,government, law, and sLieme. The list of availabletitles is circulated regularly to all congressionaloffiLes. Plans are underway for increased topic cov-erage ap impruved cross indexing of Issue Briefmaterial's easier and still faster access by terminalusers.
Factual statements. H Res 988, adopted in October1974, includes a provision Jawing CRS tu reparefor publication as soon as possible in the Congres-sional R,c«,rkl and the Digest of Pziblie nerfliand Resollitions a 100-word 'factual subject descrip-tion of each bill and resolution introduLed in theHouse. Tie American Law Division prepared de-scriptions of 12,190 bills and resolutions betweenJanuary and June 1975. The statements are addqdto the legislative data Lomposen't of I_ IDS arid
hence are acLessible to ( RS and ILungressional Of-fices via CRT terminals.
Terminating program lists. Pursuant to the Legisla-tive Reorganization Act 41970, CRS -prepared listsof terminating programs for cumottees in the 94thCongress The American Law, Division identified
REPORT 01 Till LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRESS. 1975
421 programs scheduled to expire in this Congress260 in 1975 and 161 in 1976 and information canthese was stored in an automated file. Thirty-twocommittees were sent lists of the programs withinth it respective jurisdictions and the Appropriationsan Budget Committees received co es of the com-
yre ensive list. Supporting analy id doc umen-tationmaterials were included upon request'
The lists are apparently useful for MembePlas. illwell as committees. More than two dozen offiLesrequested the comprehensive list for the 94th Con-gress and several requested copies of the entire data-Base. including programs due to expire 'as late as1985.
Seminar Programs
In cooperation with the Advanced Study Programof the Brookings Institution, CRS- again sponsoredseminars for Members of Congress, this year on theissues of national materials pohcy, the effei1 ofpetrodollars on the U.S. and world economies, taxpolicy, the'energy crisis and its domestic impaci,..heTp for the unemployed, and the federal govern-ment, and transportation policy. The parallel, sinesof seminars for sensor congressional staff, which alsofeatured experts, addressed food scarcity, agricul-tural policy,.U.S. International, trade and investmentpolicies, jobs, welfare and the economy, and majortrends in energy policy thinking. The series wereattended by 102 Members and 382 staff.
Alsccin cooperatidn with thet, Broi)kings Institu-tion. CRS sponsored for the lust , /dime a Lomprehen-sive series of three one-day seminars for freshmaAMembers ot the 94th Congress The sessions wereheld in the Library .of Congress during February andMarsh and ere designed to brief new Members un anumber u key legislative issues before the 94thCongress./ hese included unemployment and infla'
ture po cies, health care, welfare reform, U.S.Lion, policies and reform, budget and expendi-
defense/ policy, and such International concerns asenergy food, and relati6ns between the SovietUnto and China.
Fo Members and their senior staff aides, CRScos ongured a third annual series of seminars on- .na until growth puhCy, , featuring speakers from thes( cial science research community with professidnal
peruse in tssues of urban growth. Attended by. i. *
-1
Till CONCRI,SSION 1L fii SI Ak( If SI RVB f
More, than 300 persons. the seminars focused on thePresident's 1974 National Growth Reputt. changingpatterns of urbanization in the United States.growth management techniques. state and local per-spectives on national urban growth policy, andrelated subjects
Several special seminar programs were held for&ngressional staff. One on legislative oversight andprogram evaluation reviewed In three sessions gen-eral legislative responsibilities and resources foroversight and evaluation. four legislative committeecase studies. and current evaluation methods andprojects in the executive branch. More than 100congressional staff members attended Twurams on the dev.elopment of the outer continental
- s ielf and ouastal zone management were held at therequest of the chairman of the National OceanPolicy Study Designed for the study's Members.
-siaff, and otherswith a special, interest in oceanpolicy matters, the seminars were part of a continu-ing series of working sessions that ( RS will holdperiodically during the existence of NOPS. Otherspecial programs addressed the future of the econ-omy. modeling technology, and futures research
The Service's Office of Special Programs coordi-nated briefings in the fall for congressional officesthat had expressed interest in learning more aboutthe Service during the CRS evaluation survey ofMay 1974. Each briefing included an oral presenta-tion and tour of various ( RS offices Additionalbriefings were provided upon request throughoutthe year and, in sum, 150 were held for 350 con-gressional staff members
Cooperation With Other Legislative Agenues
Tu provide the Congress with -high quality researchand maximum benefit from its information resource,agencies. CRS is endeavoring to assist the recently
'established Congressional Budget Office (c1io) andthe Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) and tocooperate on proje,cts an d informatioh ez(cliangeswtt-h-the General 'Accounting Office ((,A0).
The Congressional. Budget and ImpoundmentControl Aci (Public Law 93-344), enacted in July1974, called for the creation of a CongressionalBudget Office and authorized its director "to obtaininformation, data, estimates. and statistics devel-oped by the General Accounting Office. the Libraryof Congressind the Office of Technology Assess-
203.645 0 - "5- 4
33
merit. and (upon agreement with them) to utilizetheir services. fdLrliues, and personnel with or with-out reimbursement
Since the ( BO director's appointment in Febru-ary 1975. ( RS and CBO staff have held severalexchange briefings on the roles and services of thetwo agencies and the Service has received manyresearch and reference requests from CBO. One CRSinformation specialist assisted in drafting requestsfor proposals on the development of automatedfiscal-budgetary and legislative scurekeeping infor-mation support systems and served as senior techni-cal adviser to the director's staff in meetings withseveral information systems groups In addition, heorganized and coordinated for ( BO a two-day semi-nar featuring demonstrations of selected fiscal-budgetary automated information systems used bystate legislatures
A CRS senior specialist in American governmentassisted with the development of specifications forthe current Service budget, submitted to the Officeof Management and Budget in November 1975, andrepresented C BO at various meetings dealing withinformational resources for budgeting. A senior ref-erence specialist was detailed to CBO for severalmonths to assist in establishing its library and ingaining staff access to CRS reports, bibliographicservices, and the Bill Digest.
During its first full year of operltion, the Officeof Technology Assessment frequently called on CRSfor substantive research and assistance in monitoringongoing activities of the staff and its contractors._For example, one senior specialist assisted the OTAmaterials program by reviewing plans, submissionsof contractors. and progress of contracted work.
' Another has undertaken a comprehensive compila-tion and analysis of the most important' recentstudies on national energy policy: Several continu-ing projects involve the tracking of legislation onsuch subjects as recycling, technology assessment ingeneral, and the-role of OTA. Altogether, 13 ma)fkprojects were undertaken for OTA, in addition, 919requests were received for analytical briefs andreports and general reference assistance.
Various ( RS ,analysts have developed close,worc-ing ties' with their counterparts' in the GeneralAccounting Office, feading,-as appropriate, to regu-.lar infoimation exchanges un projects and coopera-tive efforts. This year, for example, the CRS seniorspecialist in transportation was asked to confer with(,AO analysts on the annual 'AMTRAK audit; a
34 RI PORI 01 I III *LIBRARIAN Of ( 0 N. ORLSS. 1975,
foreign affairs analyst worked with (, k0 specialistsup a study 91 foreign oil prices. a C. RS specialistassisted in preparing a t, koci mitrition study. ( RSanalysts corrt erred with their (, NO counterparts 041the issue'ut clemency fur Vietnam veterans. aril anoceanography specialist was asked to prepare corn-
inents on_ the \U study of stratispheric drillingprograms in truntier areas ut the outer continentalshelf
v)r the past tau years. under contract with (.; AO.the American Law Division has collected, indexed,and abstracted tur publication information on fed-eral and state legislation and tederal court litigationpertaining to elections This project continues but isnow under the auspices uf the new Federal Elec-tions Commission. which assumed jurisdiction usermany a.,pe,t, of tederal elections by provisions ofRibiic Law 93.443
HIGH OPYDI K ORK t.
The Congresswal Research Setvice is organizedinto eight research divisions plus one 'reference andone information support division and is headed bythe OffiSe of the Director Highlights of tf manyaccomplishments of each division during fis al 1975are briefly described in the following pages /
American Law, Division
As in earlier years. the work ut this, division wasnotable tur both its volume and the y'ange ut issuesconsidered Queries on legal and cori.stitutionalissues may arise in connection with any bf the sub-jects within the jurisdiction of all congressional.committees and frequently are raised by Members incarrying uut their official legislative duties Con-sidered in the division were questions of con-stitutional law, international law, and treaties.Constitutional and statutory questions arose in thecontext of such diverse subject areas as crime, In-dian rights, civil rights. elections, abortion, bank-ruptcy.. and congressional committee rights andresponsibilities in various situations 'for example,coMpelling testimony of witnesses. securing infor-mation from executive branch agencies and theprivate sector, and other aspects of committee oper-ations
The division's assistance was requested with re-spect to many legal problems resulting from theimpeachment process and President Nix.on's resigna-tion For example. several reports were prepared onquestions relating to President Nixon's rights to
transition benefits and' tu the ownership. dispo-sition. and control of presidential papers A reportclearing With the constitutionalit of-the PresidentialRecordings and Materials Preservation 'Act. S 4016.was read into the Congressional Record in thecourse of Senate debates Similar studies were re-quested with respect to the papers of Members ofCongress
The division substantially increased its major proj-ect work for congressional committees this year Inaddition to contributions to several interdivisionalprojectS. division attorney s assisted committees withnumerous specialized reports These included exami-nations of the regulations of the Bureau of IndianAffairs, legal and constitutional issues raised by thecovenant to establish a commonwealth of the Mari-anas, United States Code prbvisions withm oversightresponsibility of the Senate Commerce Committee,enforcement provisions in consumer and safety leg-islation. regulation of real estate through the taxingpower. and contested elections.
Characteristic of the services performed at therequest of Members were several memoranda onMember obligations with respect to classified mate-rials, analyses of the legal and constitutional basisfor executive agreements and of the powers of congressional committee chairmen, and assistance to agroup of Congressmen in drafting a brief anucuscuriae fOr a Supreme Court ease involving the con-stitutionality uf the Regional Rail ReurganizatOnAct. of 1973. In all, the division responded to16,128 requests
Pursuant to statutory directive, the American LawDivision prepares decennial editions and biennialsupplements to The Constitution of thrliiiiiedStates uf America Analyszs and Interpretation. Theseventh edition of this volume was published in1972. The first supplement, including analyses ofSupreme Court opinions handed down in 1972 and1973, was issued in fiscal 1975 and work continuedon tfle collection and analysis of the Court's opin-ions l'or,indusion in the second supplement.
The division's legislative documentation section,which compiles the Digest of Public General Billsand Resolutions, played imreased emphasis onentering procedural action information at an early
47..
1111 SSIO' \1 RI SI \R( II SI /61(1
stage This information is now available to users utthe yn-line system about 3h hours atter the eventMajA Legislation of the 94th Congress, issuedmortTiTc. -was revised to include a more detailedtable of contents and index In addition to the newresponsibility for preparing factual descriptions oteach bill and resolution introduced in the House.the section nearly completed the compilation ofhearings and reports ut the 93d Congress, pteparedsome 250 legislative histories. afid responded to wellover 4.500-requests
Congressional Referenve Division
[he past fiscal year Ad the busiest un record forthis division,which handled some 65 percent ot allrequests directed to r RS Division staff. includingthose assigned to the Congressional Reading Roomand ( RS reference centers, cleared more than158.000 congressional requests. 18 percent morethan last year"Of these. 45 percent were handled ona rush basis The inquiry workload was particularlyheavy in the spring months and reached a remark-
-able peak of 18,100 in April --To strengthen the division's ability to provide
responsive reference service and make the best'useof available resources. un the recommendations of astaff task force that explored several alternativestructures, the division was reurganind into smallinterdisciplinary reference teams compoed of bthlibrarians and technical informationTeams for production support on more routinerequ'ests and fur congressional deliveries wereialswestablished The new orgarniatiOn has increase pro-ductivity and improved Twill} control an com-munications.
Nearly the entire division staff was in ulved inmajor projects on the Rockefeller numn lion andSenate and House intelligence commute investiga-tions of the Central Intelligence -Agen . Hearingson the Rockefeller nomination engaieddlIdsiun spe-cialists over a period of three arid a half months forresponses to over 150 requests from the SenateRules and Administration Cummitteehnd the HouseJudiciary Committee. The intelligence committeeinvestigations prumpwd some 400 inquiries, con-sisting of I.160 disc rete.re fe rence 'questions
Reference support wad provided to every com-mittee arid Member of Congress on a wide range oflegislative issues. The energy crisis. inflatiori, arid the
impeachment process were the leading issues How-`rwer, housing. medical malpractice insurance. schoolbifsing. the ozone layer. the Middle East crisis, con-gressional reform. campaign financing, extension ofthe Voting Rights Act, equal credit for women. guncontrol, the' Bicentennial of the American Revolu-tiuni and privacy were also major, topics of congres-sional concern Other areas of service included thedistribution ut over 780 copies of bibliographicinturmation un the high school and college debatetopics and some 14.300 kits on various subjects forrapid response to constituent requests
Members and congressional staff made frequentuse of the Congressional Reading Room this year 'Atotal of 6.528 readers visited in person. 31 percentmore than last year Less dramatic increases werenoted in the number of hotline telephone referencerequests 15,000. compared with over 13,000 in fis-cal 1974 Collections of materials related to im-peachment and the nomination 'of Rockefeller forVice President were assembled and received heavy',use in the room.
To accommodate the surge of in-persurt businessin the Reading Room, additional staff was sched-uled for Monday through Friday nights, doublingthe coverage of all weeknights. Because congres-sional interns made frequent and heavy use of theReading Room last sun-inter, arrangements weremade during the summer of 1975 to set up the Con-gressional Intern Center in a separate location withseparate staff
The installation of additional CRT terminals andthe New York Tunes Information Bank in thecenters. coupled with the formal announcement tothe Congress in No'vember of the availability ofIssue Briefs, contributed ccuisiderably to the in-creased workload in fiscal 1975. *quests to theRayburn Center went up 16 percent to 13,849. Inthe Senate Reference Center. located in the RussellSenate Office Building. 14,270 requests werecleared, an increase of 72 percent over fiscal 1974,and the number of iongressional visitors rose by215 percent Center staff training congressional staffmembers_in the use of computer equipment find thedata banks helpful in their own reference work,especially in providing bibliographic data, IssueBriefs, and lists and digests of legislative bills.
The improvements and expansion of the SenateReferen4 Center, along with the rise in workload,necessitated the addition of a third permanent staffmember. A librarian has also been stationed in the
48.
Lungwurth Book Ruum to plan tur its eventual con-version to a ieterence center and supervise its cur-rent delisery operations
Leononnes Division
In this idivision also the workload increased substan-tially during fiscal 1975 Some I 5J 25 Member.committee, and constituent inquiries were cleared.32 percent inure than in fiscal 1974, includingequally high increases in major project work and forcommittees Nearly hall of all the requests werehandled un a rush basis and during several monthsexceeded 1.500 As might be expected. the twinISalleS of energy and the economy occupied much ofthe division's analytical and informational effortMany ul these studies, in the energy field especially,insulsed interdivisional inputs. Another major com-mitment of staff resources and time was in supportof the new Budget Committees and the Congres-sional Budget Office.
A source of special assistance fur many requestswas the first full y ear's use of automated economicinformation systems, including various economic'time series, tapes of the '1975 and 1976 federalbudgets, and an econometric model of the U.S.economy All of these were used in CRS analyses ofthe federal budget, in the development of infla-tionary impact statements required by recent law.,and for a variety of congressional inquiries concern-ing the possible results of policy proposals Otherstudies that were facilitated by access to computersoftware packages involved an analysis of foreign-exchange market transactions of multinational cor-porations, a study of the relationship of profitpeiformance to the capital structure of major oilcorporations, and the development of a programevaluation system for public works projects
Access to additional computer packages was ob-tamed. including an energy model and etunumiccharting capability. The ( RS contracting authoritywas used for studies of a proposed national electricpower grid system, the economics of commodityshortages, and other subjects.
DisisiOn specialists compiled for a Member asurvey of 17 major legislative issues and current leg-islation relating to the economy. Other Member re-quests involved the impact of several tax cutproposals, the economic effects of lowering thenational unemployment rate to 3 percent within 18
POR f 01 1111 LIBR \ RI \\ 01 ( ONGRI SS, 1975
months. and the number and funding of consumerprotection programs in the federal_government Areport was prepared for users of the Consumer PriceIndex and an analysis made of the results of a ques-tionnaire on investment tax credits for electric utili-ties
Appearing in committee prints were division stud-ies on federal anti-inflation pol)cy since 1946. auto-mated guideway public transit systems, alternativeeconomic projections and policies for the 1975budget. and an extensive compendium of all federalformula grant-in-aid prOgrams. Division staff assisteda housing subcommittee's analysis of block grantformulas, compared two major housing and com-munity development bills, and revised and updateda Joint Economic Committee report on housing pro-grams admihistered by the federal government.
The many reports prepared on an anticipatorybasis for congressional users included reviews of thebasic issues and proposal, for a national develop-ment bank, the availability of homes for middle-income families, tax provisions affecting businessinvestment. marital status as a factor in federal in-come tax rates, and the current status of generalrevenue sharing.
"Education and Public Welfare Division
The economic decline during fiscal 1975 had astrung influence un the workload of the Educationand Public Welfare Division- both increasing it andchanging its emphasis. Unemployment insurance,public service jobs. and proposed health insurancefor the unemployed all became active legislativeconcerns stemming directly from the economicdownturn.
4,'As in the past, the division continued to workclosely with congressional committee staffs in thedevelopment of many aspects of social legislation.Division specialists actively participated in the con-sideration of comprehensive health plannin\g, healthmanpower, medical malpractice, and the continuingdeliberation on national health insurance. Activityin the area of social service aid income maintenanceprograms resulted in cils upon the resources of thedivision in the areas social security financing,food stamps, child (Are, supplemental security in-come programs, older Americans, manpower pro-grams, and railroad retirement benefits. Educationanalysts continued Cu work closely with' committee
4 9'
1111. CONGRISsION R1_SrAltc II SI [MCI. 37
the 94th Congress through June some 1.000 gen-erated inJeased;assistance to the Senate Committeeun Interior and 'Insular Affairs and the House Inter-
staffs in monitoring the effects of the 1974 Educa-tion Amendments and provided active support tosubkommittee staffs with pending legislation con-cerning vok,atiunal, higher, and handicapped educa-tion programs. The division specialist in unnugratiunmaintained a dose working relationship with com-mittee staff throughout congressional deliberatiqnson the Vietnam refugee situation. The division spe-ciaBts in gun control and drug abuse providedassistance in support of renewed legislative interestin gun control and intern tional narcotics traffic.
Division specialists assisted with committee over-sight of the Federal Bureau ut Investigation and theLaw Enforcement Assistance Administration andalso provided oversight support in the areas of Medi-care and Medicaid [heir contributions appeared incommittee prints and reports analyzing pending leg-islation on health insurance for the unemployed,private pension reform, social services, child nutri-tion and child care. health manpower, and un-employ ment compensation. Other division analysesappearing in congressional publications addressedsuch subjects as medical Analpractice, physiLiansalaries in the Veterans Administration, the publicassistance budget, drug industry competition, juve-nile justice, and international narcotics control.
The, need for specialized computer analysis wasapparent in a number of areas In this regard, theEducation and Public Welfare Division continued itscomputer-based study of the funding elements ofthe 1974 Education Amendments and comparedvarious aid formulas for educational assistance tofederally impacied areas and student financial assist-ance programs, Computer software packages wereused to assist in legislative and data analyses of for-mula grants under the Older Americans Act and forthe collation of a survey on national ..hild assistanceprograms.
The division compiled over 60 milltilithed reportsand 27 Issue Briefs. The brief prepared un nationalhealth insurance was especially popular with con-gressional °tikes this year. Overall, the divisionanswered 12,434 requests
Environmental Policy Division
Responses to 5.304 requests for services in enviromniental, land use. energy, minerals, agmulture, andrelated polk.y areas were made by this division dur-ing the year. TJ-ie energy-related bills introduced in
state and ForeAffairs. and Wanew subcummCommittee T
gn Cunimerce, Interior and Insulars and Means Committees, and to a
ttee of the Joint Atomic Energye numerous major project requests
from these and several other committees encouragedmultidisciplinary approaches within the division andfrequently the cooperative efforts of several analystsun a single project.
The extent of the work for committees is mani-fested by the attribution of division i.untributiuns insome 23 congressional documents this year Amongthese were committee prints providing a comprehen-sive analysis of legislative and pulic5,1 activities dur-ing the 93d Congress affecting all natural resources,a separate anal} sis of air pollution legislation, issues,relevant court actions, and activities of govern-mental and private organizations. legislative historiesof the National Environmental Policy and SolidWaste Disposal Acts, an evaluation of the economicimpacts of au and water quality standards in ruralareas, a study of field hearin)is testunony concerningthe development of outer continental shelf oil dudgas in southern California, and ,an analysis of thequestionnaire responses from state recreation offi-cials on a series of economic and environmentalissues. Division staff members compiled selectedreadings on energy' conservation and on emergingIssues relating to water needs for future energydevelopments and, as background for hearings,a reader un existing research and development per-taining to sulfates in the atmosphere.
Several services and reports assisted with Lommit-tee hearings un such subjects as environmental re-search and development, energy conservation andhousing, organization for control of nuclear exports,critical areas m relation Jo 14 d use legislation, andoutdoor recreation and ,national parks, Extensivelegislative assistance was pruyed un draft amend-ments to the Fish and Wildlife-Coordination Acrof1958. Summaries of the major-issues associated withamendment of the Clean Air Act were prepared be-foie hearings of the Senate Public Works Commit-tee, and late in the year the testimony of witnessesin oversight hearings on the act was summarized onan issue,by-issue basis.
Some 16 division ,1nalysts contributed to a cri-tique of the fifth anntial report of the Council unEnvironmental Qaality, it the request of the Senate
Interior and Insular Affairs Committee Cu deter-mine the present and tuture need for environmentalhealth manpower, preparatory to subcommitteehearings OB. the snbiect drvrsuui 'suit conducted atorinal survey of federal, industrial, ind academicinstitutions, and for another subcommittee, ex-amined the numerous undertakings in universitiesand research institutes concerning projected re-
source deficiencies and pollution problems associ-ated with economic growth,Other assignments entailed comparison of the
roles of directors in the 111410T nuclear energy regula-tory commissions, analysis ot programs that facili-tate the promotion of beet and other agriculturalproducts. and reports on the availability of alumi-num and copper resources Additionally, the staffcompiled al ices and bibliographic matrRials aboutthe development arid allocation of scarce worldresources. the 107C-76 high school debate topic
koreign Affairs Division
Congressional interest in foreign-policy and in the. U.S. agencies with responsibility,,in foreign affairsand national defense was particularly intense thisyear, as manifested in a variety of hearings, investi-gations, and debates. The Su%ret Union's abrogationof the bilateral trade agreement with the UnitedStates, Turkey 's setiure of a substantial area ofnorthern Cyprus, the sudden fall of South Vietnam,the c.ontininng crisis in the Middle East, massive pur-chases of U.S. military equipment by Iran, SaudiArabia, and Jordan. and the deteriorating situationsin India and Portugal were a few of the critical prob-lems that made fiscal 1975 an exceptionally activeyear for the Foreign Affairs Division. Altogether,
, the division responded to 6,402 congressional re-quests. 16 percent more than last year.
Intejnational concerns, gave rise to a number ofstudies. Among the most notable were a study pre-pared for the Senate majority leader's trip to Chinaon domestic aria foreign policy develitpments in thePeople's Republic of China, a paper publhhed toSenate subcommittee, hearings, "Negotiations and aSettlement in Cambodia ", a study publhhed as aprint by the House Special Subcommittee on Inves-tigations concerning "Greece and Turkey Some
Military Implications Related to NA [0 and theMiddle I fist", and a series of papers prepared incollaboration with the Environmental Policy Divi-
RI PORt 01 1111 LIBRAR1AX 01 C0X'GR1 SS, 1975
siun concerning the relations between the fail in-
dustry and various foreign governments, notablyFrance, Italy, the Netherlands, Germany, and JapanThe papers on the oil industry and foreign govern-ments have been issued as prints by the Senate Com-mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs
Cooperation between the Senate Committee onForeign Relations and the House Committee onInternational Relations has resulted in the division'sundertaking certain projects for the two committeesjointly. Two years of work by some .10 CRS re-searchers resulted in the study. "The Kole of Advi-sory Committees rn U S Foreign Policy," publishedas a joint committee print. Describing the organiza-titm and activities ot more than 50 advisory com-mittees, the study examined an area of activity thathad been targeted for congressional oversight by thepassage in 1972 of the Federal Advisory CommitteeAct Another continuing effort on behalf of bothcommittees was the monitoring of executive branchreports to Congress relating to international securityaffairs. The entire data base regarding reporting re-quirements and reports received has been put intothe Library's computer and is being kept up to datefor the use of the two committees and others inter-ested. As a special service to the House InternationalRelations Committee, the division continued to pre-pare on a monthly basis chronologies covering sevenareas of the committee's concern arms control,Indochina, the Middle East, international aspects ofthe energy problem, U.S. relations with WesternEurope, U S relations with' the Soviet Union andthe People's Republic of China, and the Cypruscrisis
The newly formed Budget Committees generatedactivity both through their own work and as a resultof,their requirements on other standing committees.For example, the Foreign Affairs Division assistedwith a draft of the Senate Foreign Relations Coinnut tee's report to the Senate Budget Committee, onthe administration's budget proposals. With strongadditions to the staff of defense analysts, the divi-sion was able to prepare a summary analysis of thefiscal 1976 defense budget for the two Budget Com-mittees, as well as a paper highlighting probablemajor issues in the defense budget,. Division person-nel c.untinued to work in close cooperation with thestaff's of the Senate Armed Services Committee andthe Defense Subcommittee of the House Appropria-tions Committee. In both instances, analysts pro-vided support in a variety 'of ways before and during,
51
THE CONGRI,SSIONAI RI SLAW II SI MAC!. 39
hearings un defense legislation In addition. at therequest uf the Joint Committee un Defense Pro-duction, the division prepared a comprehensive sur-vey- of legislation and execu-tne orders relating tothe committee's area of jurisdiction and assisted thecommittee's staff in obtaining pertinent. informationfrom agencies of the executive branch
Throughout the year the division Provided assist-ance to the Commission un the Organization of theGovernment fur the Conduct of Foreign PolicySeveral senior analysts were invited to testify beforea commission subcommittee concerning informationand research facilities available tu Cungress in thefield of international security affairs.
GovernmCnt and General ResearLh Division
Reorganized earl} in the year, the Government andGeneral Research Division now operates in threemajor research groups to cover Congress and poli-tics, government operations, and national affairsresearch, respectively.
Division specialists un the Congress responded togreatly increased numbers uf requests from com-mittees and Members for anal}ks of institutionalchanges made and proposed fur the Cungress in
recent }ears, most notably the recommendations ofthe Select House Committee un Committees andreforms effected by the House Administration Cummittee. Amun&,uther assignments, the-staff assistedseveral new cuMmittees in their organization, pre-pared several new committee histories, revised forthe Senate Rules and Administration Committee itscommittee print un the cloture rule, representedCRS and congressional needs in Bureau uf theCensus planning fur the, 1980 census, and analyzedthe role uf Congress in the Bicentenni,t1 celebra-tions. Staff assistance to committees un puliti alprocess questions included a survey, in preparationfur hearings un 1pbby ing in the executive branch, ufprocedures by federal agencies for recording com-munications from persons outside the agency: a crit-ical analysis uf public opinion polls on legislativeissues ,-and the drafting uf portions of a committee'report on a joint resolution providing fur the directelection of the President and Vice President.
Expanded -ymgressional interest in oversight ufthe executive branch caused the government opera-tions staff to offer new assistance in oversight
methods, techniques. procedures, and resources tomany committees and Members. Staff undertook'related. comprehensive research to identify thet} pes and use uf oversight resources and techniques,analyze the extent to which certain agencies andprugrains have been administered in compliancewith congressional intent, determine how effectivelyseveral agencies with inspection responsibilities haveperformed their duties. and describe the extent towhich Congress has written the committee vetoaintolegislation as a tool of oversight Domestic federalintelligence-gathering,agencies were the subject of awide range uf research questions received from over-sight and investigatory committees
As a result of the Congressional Budget and Im-poundment Control Act, of 1974, many Members,the two Budget Committees, and other committeesutilized the division's expertise in budget proceduresand impOundments. Two such major efforts werethe preparation of an exhaustive glossary of budgetterminology and a report on the uses of confidentialfunds.
Nearly all committees and subcommittees andmost Member offices called upon the national af-fairs staff during the year. Women's affairs analystsworked closely with committees and Members onthe Equal Rights Amendment (now before statelegislatures for ratification), made major studiesconcerning conflicts in federal sex discriminationregulations, and analyzed legislation regarding wom-en in military academies and equal credit. Expertsun Indian affatrs completed major reviews of Indianlegislation considered in the 93d Congress, submar-ginal lands policy from 1934 to 1974, and all fed-eral service programs for American Indians.Historians completed a major study of AmericanSamoa, a compendium of "firsts" and records in theHouse, and a chronology of events in the era of theAmerican Revolution. Speechwriters prepared spe-cialized materials to aid Members in responding toinquiries' about the Bicentennial. The translationsunit cleared 2,310 requests, which entailed 6,800pages of translated material, some 40 percent morelthan last year.
In addition tu an expanded workload of 11,316requests, an increIlse of' 7 percent over fiscal 19.74,the division prepared this' year's compilation of ex-cerpts and a selected bibliography for the nationali..ollege debate topic. "Resolved. That the powers ofthe Presidency should be curtailed," available asH.' Doc. 93-273.
52.
40
Library Services Division
Fiscal 191. was largely a year of consolidation andimprovement of existing service's in this division. theinformation and bibliographic support arm ot ( RS.A major improvement resulted from the establishment of an SDI ,Selective Dissemination ofInformation) master file in June 1974. The need fursuch a file had long been apparent to facilitate, andaccelerate The provision ut hard copy un items citedin the sir! bibliographic service. The tile containsphotocopies ut some 50 percent of all items cited inthe Service's bibliographic data base Nearly 23.500new items were added during the y ear. which re-quired a totaLot 268.800 duplicated pages. Conees-sional requests for sib materials called for 18.000items and 215,900 photocopies There are plans toextend the sib service to additional congressionaloffices and the division expects to place the the onmicrofiche during the coming year Currently, thereare 132 congressional subscribers to the Sir'
The division acquired a helpful new informationresource. namely. two sets of the CongressionalInfuriation Service's microfiche collection of num-bered congressional reports and documents of the'92d Congress and.reports, documents, hearings. addcommittee prints ut the 93d Congress. Not yetacquired. but on order. are the bills and resolutionsof the 93d Congress Two sets of the Statutes atLarge were also obtained on micsrutiche
In March 1975 a clipping service un invelligenceagencies and their activities was initiated The note-books that result from this undertaking will he sirm-lai to those previously compiled un impeachment `.and the Watergate affair. consisting primarily ofnewspaper articles and clippings f rum the Congrc.s-stow! Record. The last two notebooks were com-pleted early in the year and were Luiltamed in 25and 44 volumes. respectively.
Division stab prepared 724 un- demand bibliogra-phies fr'om the bibliographic data base, 209 morethan last year. Over 500 were in rdspOnse to con-gressional requests and several ot these have ap-peared in congressional prablicatynis. Some of theinure active areas of bibliographic interest includedenergy and the environment. materials management,tax reform, technology assessment, and activities ofthe intelligence agencies.
the sixth and seventh editions of the LegislativeIndexing Vocabulary (I ), a thesaurus of some5,600 rebus used to index bibliographic citations,
53
RLPORT Of 1111 LIBRAR1 Vs. 01 CONGRESS, 1975
were issued and semiannual editions of the,subrectcatalog of ( RS multilithed reports in print were dis-tributed to congressional offices.
Science Policy Research Division
Specialists in the Science Policy Media Divisionare involved in a broad range of legislative issues.The nature of the i10,Lsuara's support frequentlyinvolves consultation and close liaison with congres-sional staffs tor the preparation of tailored memo-,randa and the supply of technical inputs tobac-kyr-Ai-rid studies and many phases of congres-sional hearings Among the more visible products ofcooperative efturts are the reports and studies pub-lished by congressional committees. The divisioncontributed in whole or in part to 44 committeeprints this year.
. In the health fieldiun re .ponded to ques-tions and drafted reports on nutution and foodadditives, toxic substances in the environment, ani-mal research, fetal research. diseases, chemical andbiological warfare, and the bUdget of-the NationalInstitutes of Health. Repurts,on genetic engineering,federal regulation of human experimentation, andmedical device legislation appeared in committeeprints.
Congressional interest in energy issues continuedto influence division efforts Science policy analystsexamined secondary and tertiary oil recovery meth-ods tor, the House Scierie and Technology Subcom-mittee un Energy Research, Development, andDemonstration. provided hearings assistakce andcontributed to a print on oil shale technology, andsummary,ed the issues surrounding the developmentof oil and gas un the outer continental shelfanalysis of the impact of such development on thecoastal states. For the Office of Technology Assess-ment, the division contributed to an analysis of thefeastbdty of separating exploration from produc-tion of oil and gas on the outer continental shelf.Other studies focused un coal technology, solarenergy, geothermal power, the proposed hydrogeneconomy (using hydrogen as a rineans of storing anddistributing energy), alternative nuclear power sys-tems, and the Energy Research and' DevelopmentAgency budget
Studies were vapleted on various aspects cif
ocean res4rcesrlic uding. Committee prints un theeffects chiefly polltIting of man's activities un the
1111, cONGRLSSIONa RI.SI ARCI1 SLRVICI,
marine environment, the development ot U.§ andCanadian tar s'aq'lls, the problem of ocean manga-pese nodules, and the third U.N. Conference on the
`value
of the Sea. A contract study On the economicvalue of ocean resources to the United States and aweliminary -survey of Soviet nu an activities wereconducted at the request of the Senate CommerceCommittee. 0°
Numerous queries were generated by materialshortages. rising materials costs, the problems ofseeking substitutes, and the accompanying repercus-sions on-energy consumption. the envirdrunent theeconomy. and international trade. The responsi-bathes and interests of 20 federal agencies in dorms-tic material resources were summarized in -a reportfor the Senate Public Works Committee.
Other area of study have included means ofsupplying the President with science advice, priori-ties for science research, program evaluation, andthe budget of the National Science Foundation. Thedivision has been involved in high-level policy con-siderations of technology transfer, with regard both,.to the spin -riffs and benefits that Congress seeksfrom expenditures for space and to the generalproblems of high technology impact on interna-tional trade and the U.S. competitive position in the
1
world.Several multicopy_ reports were prepared un such
subjects as hunger abd malnutrition in the UnitedStates, the status of the sickle cell disease program,health problems, caused by vinyl chloride. back-ground and policy issues in the Apollo-Soyuz spaceproject, the conduct and use of evalualion in Con-gress and the executive branch. and the electric vilii-die as an alternative taxas-powered cars. In all, thedivision cleared 5,977 requests
Senior Specialists Division
Senior specialists in ( RS form a ugique interdisciphnary division that provides high-level research sup-port to congressional offices. In addition..throughresearch and administrative associations with other.CRS divisions, they serve a unifying role within theService, coordinating the efforts of many divisionson particular projects and influencing overall re-search directions.' Senior specialists were involved in40 of the 07 major interdisciplinary projects Com-pleted -this year, usually as project coordinators, andresponded to some 2,000 Member and 'committeerequests.
r
41
At the request of the House Subcommittee onpomestic Marketing and Consumer' Relations, thesenior specialist in agriculture preparetha legislativeproposal for a commodity, reserve policy. Publishedin the ,Congressional Record, the report analyzedthe issues involvedin building stocks of farm com-modity reserves, the purposes 'of such stocks,' andtheir desirability from .the standpoint of strategicsecurity. Another study, appearing in a committeeprint of the 'Senate Agriculture and Forestry Com-mittee, examined the economic ikdequacy of presentincome protection programs for griculture and esti-
mated that, depending on weather conditions, netincomes for farmers would vary from S12 billion toS30 billion in 1975. Analytical reports were p,re-pared on the history and major' current issues ofU.S. trade legislation and on the implications forAmerican agriculture of the Trade Reform Act of1973.
For the House International Rehtions Commit-.
tee. the senior specialist in international economicsprepared' a report on the principal issues and policyoptions available, in U.S. foreign economics policy,To assist congressional consideration, of adnunistra---\,tion proposals to convert the Earth Resources Satel-lite program from the experimental stage to anoperational system, the senior specialist in natiOnalsecurity prepared to study "Inter.nItional Asge;ctkof Earth Resources Satellites" and one relating tothe United Nations Convention on RegiS"tration ofObjectS Launched into Outer Space. Another com-mittee study examined the implications for the IUnited States of the WeStern European broadcastingfrequency plan, particularly in relation to fundingauthorizations or U,S...agencies broadcasting fromWestern Euro can to communist countries.
The general state of S,ovietAmerican relations anddetente generated considerable interest within theCongress. The senior specialist in international af-fairs responded withmajor studies on detente inSoviet-American relations between 1972'and-I974,on the "Conference oniSecurity and Cooperation in
Europe The SOviet Approach,",and a widely usedIssue Brief, "Detente with the Soviet Union." The
'same specialist completed an a case study for' aa,-extensive CRS project exam ing t relationshiporscience and technolbgy4 e formulation,and con-duct of U.S. foreign policy. Published as a commit-tee print, this recent work is entitled "Brain Drain'A Study of the Persistent Issue of International Sci-entific Mobility."
5,4
/
7I
42 RI PORI 01 111 LIBRARIAN 01 (ONGRLSS, 1
Reports in ,the defense field included "StrategicNuclear Delivery Systems," "Means of MeasuringNIval Power with Specific Reference to U S andSoviet Activities to the Indian Ocean," and a com-prehensive overview of the Department of DefenseReorganisation Act of 1958.
In other diverse assignments. enior specialistswere asked to evaluate the nee or d effects ofthe proposed Emergency Home Owners chef Act.to provide assistance during hearings oA tarpassistance and compliance programs of the ernalRevenue Service, to evaluate various esun ates of-domestic, uranium reserves and resources, an to an-aly re federal research and demonstrations in new'transit technology using the automated idewaytransit protect at Morgantown, W Va , as a casee \ample
:'' .+' "c;
Some 171 st members participated in 489in-service and o de training courses during theyear Additiona rotessional development wasobtained by 93 r S participants at 69 professional
meetings and conferences Eight persons Wereselected 9j the Service's two-year Pr ram Cross-over tr 4.111,1g and professional de opment pro-g,Eam .A new elementparaprofessional progra,,
of Progra Crossover. them, was fully implemented
this year with four stall members participating inone Fear of on-thejob training and related coursework. I,
Several noted specialists were guests of the CRSpeaker's Forum The monthly presentations for
( RS staff covered such current topics as House re-turn). tat reform, inflation, futures research, andnational energy policy ., Finally. the Congressional Research Service pre
pared a major report late in the year for the newlyformed House Commission on Information andFacilities. At the 'request of the chairman of thCommission's Task Force on Informationsources, the report included detailed l'nformaabout current and proposed CRS s,ervices, resourand products, an assessment of the congressional useof (RS services, and an analysis of the Service'sorganira (tonal structure ,
The quality of life has been a major pteoccupationut the American people in the aftermath of Water-gate and in anticipation of the nation's 200th birth-day Similarly. the quality of service has concernedthe Reference Department during fiscal 1975 Al-though quantitative measurements have been im-pressive numbers of items added to the collections,materials processed, reference queries answered.bib-liographies and other publications preparedquality, far more difficult to measure in concreteterms. has been the department's special ubjectie asit struce to sustain-the eAcellence of its accomplish-ments
The limitation un additions to the collections. dueto inflation. the devalued dollar. and other unfavor-able economic factors was more than compensatedfor by the quality of the items acquired The papersof Alexander Graham Bell and Chief Justice EarlWarren. the Haus lab-Liechtenstein cartographic c'ol-lection. and a 1908 edition in the art nouveau styleof Nietr,che's Also Spradi Zaratliuvra. are only afew of the year's notable additions to the collec-tions. Equally Important was the effort by thedepartment's 'administrative staff and subject spe-cialists to develop more precise policy statementsand guidelines for the acquisition of library mate-rials
The Reference Department is the custodian of theLibrary's general collections of books and serialsand it organizes. Processes. and maintains the collec-Nil*, in other formats During th past year-, in-creased attention was devoted to `their impriAed
arrangement and storage The Stack and ReaderDivision was able to Shelf read most of the maincollection. and the music and oriental-langutige.col-lections were extensively reorganized. Improvementwas made in the program to reproduce special col-lections,n microfilm by the inclusion of rare bookmaterials
Increased use of computerized' data bases andautomated equipment by the Library staff andreaders enhanced the quality of reference servicesAn on-line terminal with access to a significant butlimited number of bibliographic records was madeavailable for the first time to the public in the Sci-ence Reading Room. An increasing number. of cur-rent awareness services produced by automatedmethods are now accessible for bibliographic work.
Guides to holdings and bibliographies are impor-tant means for effectively gaining. access to- theLibrary's resources. An extensive illustrated guide tothe prints and photographs collections and a bib-liography of current literature important for Slavicand East European studies are only two of the wignificant publications prepared by the staff in fiscal1975.
For many years the quality of the concerts pre-sented by the Library has been acknowledged na-tionally. The ,1974.,75 season's 40 musical eventswere nu exception Of special note were a band con-cert, presented under the auspices of the Norman P.'Scala Memorial Fund, comprising selections charac-iteristic of music of the 1870's, and a concert spon-sored by the Serge Koussevitzky Music Foundatiop
5(
43
44
commemorating the 190th amiiversary ut the greatconductor's birth The _Milliard String Quartet pre-
,sented 20 corn:erts assisted by such distinguishedartists as Gab/ (asadesirs pianist and Benird Va-lente supran,ol
An active sebson ot literary programs Spon-sored by the Gertrude Clarke \Itittall Poetry andLiterature Fund In addition to eight programs ofpoetry readings, moderated by the Library's consultant in poetry Stanley Kunio there were threespecial presentations the Matinee Theatre seriesproduction it John Stembeck's Pie 1 ong Vallev,"alecture by Ursula Le Guth in observance ot \ationalChildren's Book \keel: and an evening ut readingsby three twiner consultat rs Richard Eberliart.J,,sephirte Jacobsen, and eed \khittemore sup-ported by \mold T is last program was inhonor lot Ro, P Basle; col retired as chief of the\Loins, opt Dt144444 Dr B sler was narrated> direc-tor ,O the Reference Depar went A complete list oftie concerts poetr., red ings and dramatic per-stormances is provided In t e appendixes
DE \ I LOIN! 1 01. THE OLLI ( !IONS
'Recognariug that tit Library 's responsibilities to
serve congress the t deral government. the researccommunity, end t e general public require atutual reassessmet of Reference Department,grsins the Ott e of the Assistant Director forLibrary Resour es continued its review ti.1 tibrary's acquis ions policies An ad hoc con micenude an ex ensive stud) of Che Library 's equire-U'ients- for translations', aftet lengthy discussionsipsnlvutg he Liss Library and the Protissing De-partment, a new set of criteria was adoptedChanges in two policy statements involving docu-ments of international orgarniations provided thatin most cases they will be collected only in a singlelanguage version These actions, together with a newstatement defining the quality of micruformsacceptable for the permanent collactions, were re-viewed by the Acquisitions Committee and IFproved by the Acting Librarian of CongressAnother committee was appointed to draft guide-lines for the selection and acquisition of rare mate-fials.in the field of science and technology Itsreport recommended tiv.tt selected older volumesfrom the general collections be transferred so theRare Book and Special Collections Dtvision, that in
RI 1'()R r 01 4111 Lf/IR \RI \,\ 01 ( 0\rdRI.SS i
purchasing rare books the Library seek to develop,areas in which it already has considerable strength.including pre-I801 American imprints in pare sci-ence and such technological fields as telecommuni-c:itions.-aerOnautics, photography and foods, andthat in the related field of psychology. first eZlitio'nsof Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler be accilured tocolnplement the Library's holdings of thercirsonaltpapers
.Although the funds allotted for the purchase of
library materials appear at firsl,glance to. be, quitegenerous, inflated 'prices and the shrinking value ofthe dollar have made them less than adequate for
, current needs Most severely crippled was the areaot retrospective pied aces The Special Reserve
(Fund was increased, ho 'ver making it possible totake advantage of offers of valuable materials in thefield of American history. which, in this Bicentennialperiod are -mi..h in demand Gift r' trusttrust funds,though th,court ing for a small percentage,Qf the purchases, continued to enable the Library to acquirecarefully selected materials that would otherwise beu available During the year some of these funds
incomesreinvested to provide larger comes From theoint of view of research..gifts and exchanges pro-
vide some of the most valuablO receipts The Ta.N.Reform Act of 1969 remams/a serious obstacle tothe donation of self-created, manuscript materialsSome potential donors has placed their paper's ondeposit. but the recent ',withdrawal of two suchdeposits is evidence of the belief that changes in thelaw do not seem likely .
Tire scientific information explosion continued toproduce so many new serial publications that it wasnecessary to be selective, even so. more than 300new titles were received Among those directlyrelated to current problems were Water and theLlivironmental Crunch, Arab Oil and Gas, Petro-
5
fHl Ri I I RI \( I I/I I'Nk 1511 \ I
Ount fdterg.1 Litismeis Ariq Act( x GeothermalEnergy Ilagapne. A plphed I: i olov -1b)trat ts, andLrbai,1 E«ilogl Proceedings and other reports ofnational and international sy mpusia. ,tdtiterence,,and '):rongresses hale become excellrit* scientificresource, two recent examples are proceedings ofthe Fifth International Heat Transfer' ConferenceI Toky o. 1974) and 01 he Fluid Power TestingSy mposium Despite the constant emphasis on cur-rent information in the scientific field. s,eer.al inter-ling retruspectise itenis were acquired Theye
i\eluded a }1-13 British treatise. Vathenzatit al DB.,.>El-NI:C.111S on a iartett of Pht vital and 111,41)11 ?
.Siihre( ts, h, Thomas Simpson a younger cot einpommy ot \ew ton whose mathematical to uoks
were used in .rnerica as well as in Enelan . and the
first hook by GroYanni Battista Benedet 7R, sollitioommuni Lilt lolls pl(thlenial Um atom lime ad hocnu. eswrio intientortim iintl ItIlllfinlii dO circuit data
aortura. published in Venice i 1553 when thegreat mathertatician and phy, 1st was,in his earlytwenties The continuing e.fturt to obtain auto-graphed photographs and bibliographies of works offamous scientists and engineers resulted in the addi-tion ot 722 photographs. bringing that Lollection to1,700. and numerous brbliugraplue arid biogra-
phies. ;Many rare book and manuscript receipts are of
special interest because they c=omplement existingcollections. for example. a letter from Harry Hou-
. duo and a description of a 1926 Houdini experi-ment, presented by James M Day. became part ofthe Houdin! Caection One of the inajdr acquisi,lions was the purchase' ot a group of papers ofmaster printer and type designer Frederic W.
Goudy. . Tire bbrary purehased'Goudy 's workinglibrary in 1944 and has now added to it extensiecorrespondence and biographical material, togetherwith drawings and type matrices of interest to any-one studying type design Two ,manuscript collec-
tions, either of which would ,have removed the
year's acquisitions from the routine to the extra-ordinary, were acquired the papers of Chief JusticeEarl Warren and those of inventor Alexander Gra-ham Bell, which had remained in his family'spossession for a century. The first ensures the con-tinuance of the Library as the principal center forresearch on the Supreme. Court and Its impact onAmerican lite. and the second was a gift of majorimportance for the hisiory of science and tech-nology Of Jimmy equal importance is the unique
5;3
photographic archive which forms pIrt of the Bellfamily papers through which are recorded the actiYi-ties of the inventor and many members of hisremarkable tamily -%eral other new receipts served
to complemen some traditional' strengths amongthe Library ioldings. they:inclerded papers,ot avia-tion pio r Marione Stinson, Speaker of the Houseof Re esentatiYes Nicholas Longv.orth, black poet
Tolson. and newspaper publisher Eugeneer'
The number of domestic newspapers received on aLupien' basis substantially declined as publishers'higher production and distributl'on-costs made many'of them unable to .continue providing gift subscrip-tions Considerable progress was made. however. inacquiring and completing retrospective tiles of news-papers. both &reign and domestic These includedpositive microfilm of the lundon Times for 1813- ,1951 completing the Library's film liMdings of thisimportant newspaper for 1785-197,4, and of /beLondon Sundial Times from November 1822 'to
.December 195E0 The 7014ections of American news-papers published during the 18th' and early 19thcenturies were substantially strengthened by pur-chase of the Readex Nhcioprint edition of Early:lineman \evtspapen, 170.1 -1820 Through'5'n ex-change with Northwestern Unnzersity. unboundholdings of 23 major Africab newspapers wereacquired. combined with the Library's holdings. andmicrofilmed, illUstratiT:e of the good results achievedwas the filming of 'substantially complete holdingsof the Lagos. Nigeria. newspaper Daily Service forthe 'periods 1942 -54 and 1956-61 In cooperationwith other government agencies, the Library wasable to complete its holdings of the Daily Report(area editions) of the U$ Foleign Broadcast Infor-mation Service, 1952-65. and of several public'a tions
, of the Organization of the Peir-oleum ExportingCountries (UPI )
Concerted efforts were also made to complete theLibrary's inkprint holdings of the official records ofthe United Nations, more than half of the Missingissues were obtained from the Department of St4te,and requestS will be made of _other institutions. Dis-cussions were held with United Nations officials toencourage the issuance of all its documents inmicroform. a - project which would make this vastbody of research materials far more accessible tousers. The Agency for International Devetopment..made` .available to the Library sveral hundredstudies of developing nations in Africa. Asia, and
461
Lat., America. prepared under its contractspidly changing world events base hadapro-
uund effect on the Library 's acquisitiops Politicaland military upheavals in several Asian countriesinterrupted the shipment of their publications andadded to the burdens of area specialists in Likingrecommendations and moniturin,g receipts. ChiWang of the Orientalia Division. who had visited thePeopre's Republic of China'in 19-'2. paid it a secondvisit in August 19.74 and was able to purchase nearly1.000 current imprints. many Of v.hich were notavailable through regular channels The first catalog'of books in print in Taiwan issued in 1974 by theTaiwan Government Information Office. listed morethan 30 000 titles and afforded an opportunity for a
Iguod overview of recent publishing The third andfinal shipment at microfilm of a majorTay a news-paper. the hair/ Arnibtor, was received. thus com-pleting the Library 's film holdings from 1,888 to1961 A decline in receipts from India is attributedin part to the application of revised guidelines forthe Nev, Delhi offiZe that .,,sarere adopted in May19-4 following an extensive review of receipts bythe Southern Asia Sectioii. The Slavic and Central -European Division deals,
with 18 countries using more than 20 languages andproducing possibly one-third of he world's publica-tions The high level of economic and cultural, devel-opment of these countries and their importance inworld affairs impose heavy responsibilities for en-suring a well-selected coverage of their output Thatis especially true for Albania. Cyprus; Greece. andHungary. which are nut covered by theNationalProgram fpr 'Acctuisitions arid Cataloging Albania'spolitical i,olation sinc; 194.5 has made the proure-ment of publicatianiditticiult and irregular. but newarrangements made duringtheyy ear promise betterreceipts in the future One of the outstanding acqui-sitions of the year. purchased at auction, was a firstedition, of (;01;-.Slil uttnac, the notable 19th centurySerbian epic poem by Peter II (Njegos). PrinceBishop 'of Montenegro The Library also completedits set of Lziwkodnik statisttki, the statistical hand-tbook of the Russian Empire, which is not availablein its entirety -elsewhere in the United States
Cuire91 acquisitions from Latin Amerrca havebeen severe,ly handicapped by a breakdown inblanket-order arrangements beyond, the Library'scontrol The staff of the Latin American, Portu-
, Iguese.,and Spanish Division assisted tne Order
in selecting new dealers in-each of the countries
RI PORT01 THE L1BR NRI AN OF C ONGRESS. 1975
and in evaluating their performance Et forts tolocate materials relating to the 'Allende years inChile. 1970-73. were continued- The British ForeignMice records for Panama. on 27 reels of microfilm.were acquired as part of a cooperative program withseveral other American libraries They consist ofthr series Of correspondence and archives from182., tu 1905. J period marked by intensive British-
ee
American rivalry in the Isthmus and the separationof Panama from New Granada in 1903. The Archiveit Hispanic Literature on Tape was increased by 15 ,
new readings during the year. .
The African Section concentrated on acquiringmaterials to be listed in bibliographies now in prep-aration. with emphasis on East Africa. Work was'begun on a list of desiderata in preparation for anacquisitions survey trip to West Africa in the fall of1975 The reports of previous surveys demonstratetheir, value. Of the published report of Julian Willie-reJl's 1972 trip to Africa. a reviewer in the,Britishjuutnal African Research and Docionentatipn wrote..
It sun only ,arouse envy in British librariaiti to learn thatMr N5 itherelrl trip taste' almost rise monthsa clear indi-cation of the importance attached to itx African acquisitionprogramme by the Library of Congress How long will it beone wonders before the British LitarY, attempts to acquirematerial from African countries / on anything approach-mg the same scale as the Libiary of Congress/ Until thathappy day dawns, we mus) 'be grateful foi the mine ofuseful intormation pros idea in Mr Witherell's report
Purchases of graphic, arts. like many other cate-gories of library materials. have been restricted bythe escalating prices of such items. The Prints andPhotographs Division, however, continues to benefitfrom several gift and trust funds earmarked for suchacqinsitiuris. On his retirement after p years of ser-vice to the Library, curator -of historical printsMilton Kaplan established a new fund for the,Pur-chase of graphic-Americana which will augment theexisting Gertrude M. Hubbard Bequest for the pur-chase of historical prints. The Committee to SelectPrints for Purchase ,Under the Pennell Pund chose26 items for the Library's collections. 19 of whichwere from the 24th National Exhibition of PrintsGifts of drawings were made by Bill Mauldin andRobert Osborn, and Allyn C,ox presented the pre-liminary' studies for his murals in the U.S. Capitol.From the itrasimigton Star came the Gibson Crock-ett cartoons for l968.70-tu be added 0) earlier giftscovering the fifties and sixties.
THL RL1 I R1,N( I DIP R !MI I
In the relatively new area of television acquisi-tions. planning for the future was as significant asthe receipt of items for the collections After muchdiscussion,' the Library and the National Archivesand Records Service signed a joint acquisitionspolicy memorandum stating that insofar as privatesector productions are concerned. the Archiveswould concern itself only withlnews programs. leavlug to the Library the acquisition of features anddocumentaries The Library and the Archives alsojoined with the Ford Foundation in sponsoring aseries of meeting. with representatives of publicinstitutions. the academic world, and the networks /to define policies and programs for a national effoif
Deposits of maps and atlases produced by fe tralgovernment agencies totaled 18.400 piece more
than twice the average number for th- last six
years and included a number of cal able olderitems An original copperplate envying and printof Hempstead Harbor, Long'Island,Aere transferiedby the National Ocean Survey And the GeologicalSurvey transferred three engreciTopper plates andsix glass negative plates to)tnrich the collection ofmaterials utilized in map/printing One of the mostdistinctive cartographic/ollections ever acquired bS,the Library is the Hanslab-Liechtenstein accession,transferred by the/ Air Force Cambridge ResearthLibrary. it inclu4'es some nine to ten thousandmaps. represenrg approximately 6.000 titles rang-ing in date limn the 16th to the I9111 centuries.collected by AustroHungarian Field Marshal FranzRitter vo9'Hauslab during the 19th century
Major/purchases included a 1771 manuscript mapof a 7tirvey of George \ashington's lands in theOhio' River valley. by William CrawforVand a raremid18th-century map of the Northern Neck of
yirginia, the fourth edition of the map of Lord Fair-tfax's lands. Some 170 photuprints of mapsA4ed by.
Hessian mercenaries in the Revolutionary Wartheoriginals of which are in Marburg. Germany -wereprepared from a reel of microfilm loaned by theNational Geographic Society. and a number of mapsof the same period were among the-276 photocopiesof American maps in the I3ritish Library acquiredduring the year.
Die Music Division, received letters of Bartok.Schonberg. and Charles Wakefield Cadman, and apunusual gift' of transcripts from Dictabelts made ID()Scar Levant in preparing two books The decisionof the Copyright Office to retain one of the twocopied` of each recording deposited cut in .half the
60
47
massive receipts from at source They were fur-ther reduced %) the usic Division's refinement ofits selection cuter' to eliminate a large volume ofitems not neede y the Library Among antiquar-ian record rec pts were some of the earliest quasi-complete o. ra recordings ever made. includtpgIteoncav Pagliacci (of which the Library hasthe ho graNI score). recorded under the com-poser "baton; in 1903. The Archive of Folk Songac stoned 257 reels of tape and 281 discs These
eluded folk festivals at Fox Hollow, N Y.. and theUniversity of Maryland. fiddlers Kathy and JoelShimberg. and blues guitarist John Jackson A num-beryuf recordings made by Richard Spottswood inconnection with the project to produce a Bicenten-nial series of records were also added to the Archive
ORGANIZATION OF THE COLLECTIONS
Once acquired. the additions to the csetreeHons-tyiusthe carefully organized and maintained for effectiveuse. Except for legal works, the Reference Depart-ment has custody of the Library's collections ofbooks, serials. inanuscripts, music. photographs.maps. and other nonbook materials During fiscal1975, steady g -owth of these collections, with noappreciable gain in space. forced the department toconcentrate its efforts on reorganizing collectionsand, when appropriate, converting materials tomicroform. The department's traditional processingand preservation activities proceeded as usual.
When the Serial Division relocated in the Annexin 1970. a, sizable collection of unprocessed serialpublications remained in the Main Building As aresult of a special project inaugurated in fiscal.1974,an estimated 700,000 of these have now been re-moved. The major category of materials processedthis year were the U.S. state and territorial govern-ment publications. These, as well as a substantialnumber of university and monographic series titles.were prepared for binding and added to the Li-brary'ssclassified collections From the gazette col-lection, long runs of the Uruguayan, Egyptian, andBritish Guzanan national gazettes and over 20 Mexi-can state gazettes were searched and transferred tothe Preservation Microfilming Office for filmingSizable runs of some serial titles, including La Vienulitaire (Paris), Labour News (London), and RacialDigest (Detroit) were also submitted for 'micro-filming.
Continuing a preservation activity, which alsocreates more *space tor the collections, the SerialDivision added a record 15.139 reels to its collec-tion of newspaper, on microfilm %Jur titles filmedat the Library included the Grand Rapids Herald furliss(8.1059, the Nev. York Thai ;Ve ivs (final edi-tion) for 1919-44, and the Columbia. S C.. State furl's98-1934 From commercial sources. significanttiles on microfilm acquired to replace bound hold-ings were the Minneapolis Tribune for 186/7-1946.the Detroit \ elvs fur April 1935-June 1955/and theCaracas, Vene/uela I1 Vulonal fur March i943-December 1947 and August 1948-May 1 6'
The Orientaha and Slavic and Cent I EuropeanDiv Il11111, also prepare newspapers for nicrufilming\ reexamination ot the 111krotillin g program for\ear Fastern newspapers resulte in a more bal-,,anted geographical and puliti I representationFitty -nine \ear Eastern titles a now being filmedon a continuing basis. ini.ludi g two new additions,.Saftr of Beirut Lebanon. a d al-Moo-all of Sara,Yerhen State gaieties of ridia and several signifi-cant Indonesian nev.spa ers and gvettes have beenadded to the microfil ing program of the Library'sNew Delhi office I Fasteri) Europe many periodi-cals are published n a torriLit 'similar to L' news-papers and on t c same qt alit, paper Since nust ofthe Library' bound 11 dings of these in portanttitles are b coming brittle a microfilming rogramtot curry t receipts has been inaugurated Amongthe title, included in this program are iro, iunivt ofBelgrade Yugodav la, Minor,' ut Prague. C echu_slo-%Ala and Ani:hno(ohozr( no of Nlosco t SS R
The department undertook several pr seraticirimicrofilming projects fur its special collectwuns 1lieRare Book and Special Collections Division's collet--tions,of scrapbooks ut Susan B Anthony and HarryHoudini as well as Orientalia.s Abdul Ilamid II col-lection if furkish and Arabic books were includedin this program The, Manusc'rlpt Division preparedfor filming siiable segments of the papers of SamuelF B. Morse. the Comte de Ruchambeau,, juristJoseph Story. JIM the N NA( I' administrative files.k.s part of the foreign copy ing program for manu-scripts. filming of the diplomatic files relating toTurkey and Russia for the years 1848-1918 wascompleted Smith' College provided assistance furfilming the Margaret Sanger papers
In -further efforts to conserve space. several largemanuscript collections, most notably the George W.Norris papers, were reboxed. The collection of
'61
R1_PORT,01 L1BR N 01 COVALSS. 1975
papers of editor and publisher Henry R. Luce. con-sisting of 35,000 items. was arranged and described,and an elaborate finding aid was prepared for therecqrds of the Senate Select<ornmittee un Presi-dential CaMpaign Activities deposited in the Libraryunder the provisions of Senate Resolution 369 (July29, 1974 ):A catalog of the Naval Historical Foun-dation Collet non in tile Manuscript Division waspublished from computerized records
Shifting and reurganiiing 'the collections .was amajor activity _during the year The Stack andReader Division. which has custody of the Library'sgeneral collections, part! 'pa ted in the relocation ofsubstantial portions of le classified collections torelieve congestion Shit' mg and increased shelf read-ing contributed to im roved service, with a loweredpercentage. for the t ird successive year, of nut-on-shelf volumes Spec I collections in the custody utthe Orientalia an Music Divisions were also relo-cated and reurg ized The Music Division com-pleted boxing tl large collection of music arrangedby copy right r' st[ation,,number and organized the3,000 LP's fri n the Norwood Collection of popularmusic The ient':e and Technology Division's tech-nical report collections in microform now exceedone million items and have been substantially orga-ni/ed The Science' Serials Project, in which some8,000 titles were converted to machine-readablerecords, was discontinued because of progress in theLibrary's overall serials automation program
At the end of the fiscal vear the Rare Book Divi-sion.), name was changed t the Rare Buuk andSpe IA Collections DivisiOn, r fleeting a redefinitionof i s basic functions and cu tudial responsibilities.,Xs Part of its expanded rul , the division assumedcustody of such special collections as the PluchevColleCtionof 19th-century tgulkarian imprints, theRichardson Book Purchase, r collection particularlystrong in 16th- century imiiiints, the Federal Advi-sory Documents CullectiOn, the CongressionalSpeech Collection, primarily of the 19th century,andi the YA Pamphlet Collection, containing itemsun virtually every subject but important for itsstrung emphasis on, 19th-century American historyand technolu.a Among collections transferied fromother divisiods were the Bollingen Foundation-sponsored impNnts and the nunlaw books from theWinter Palace collection of Emperor Nicholas II ofRussia. THrough the vigilant efforts of employees inother parts of the Library, a significant number of16th-century books in the general collections have
Till Ryi I.RI.NCE. DITAR I 11 N r
been identified and transferred to the Rare Bookand Special Collections Division. These sizable addi-tions to the division required an increased effort tojontrol and organize the new materials Large num-ters of uncataloged items, weie pruces'sed and thecatalogs have been consolidated and improved.Special projects to edit the juvenile collection Lardcatalog for publication and create a Lard tile for thePatent Office deposit materials were accomplished.The Frederic Gaudy Collection. greatly augmentedthis year by a variety of materials. was placed undercontrol for the first time since its receipt in 1944.Safer and better conditions for the collections re-sulted from the j"?stallation of a alon fire system,,I
improvements in the ventilation s stern. and refur-bishing of the stack areas ,
Other divisions of the department also made greatstrides in providing for more sophisticated catalog/control-user special collections. The Geography an
',Map Division, for example. is providing full L a
loging and classification in %I ARC Map..a computer-assisted cataloging system, for a significantly largerpercentage ,of its current map accessions. Specialprojects to catalog and classify all maps of the,Reso-lutionaly War period and.the 1.000 titles in the pub-lished checklist, Panuramic Maps of Anglo- AmericanCates, were completed by the close of the fiscalyear..The 11 participants in the 24th consecutiveSpecial Map Processing ?roject. which operatedfrom July 8 through August I 6.,1974. assisted thedivision in refining and tightening controls over thecartographic collections. One project participantwith a special language skill indexed some 10.000Chinese set map sheets
The program to catalog newspapers in the custodyof the Serial Division made substantial progress dur-Ang the year. In a joint effort with the ProcessingDepartment. newspaper cataloging records producedby the Serval and Serial Record Divisions will beincluded in the ( °NS! R project The Library'sholdings of U.S. newspapers are receiving highestpriority. with preliminary research completed ontitles from eight states Alabama through Dela-
ware-and the District of ColuAlso coming under at creased degree of control
are, the vast pits collections in the Prints andPhotographs Division. Collections which receivedtheir first detailed cataloging include the MexicanIndian Pictorial Archive. cartoons of the FrenchRevolution period, the Kreider Collection of photo-graphs of Turkey, and all photographs in the Wright
6
203-744 C) - 76
49
Brothers collection. The Historic American Build-,ings Survey files were given intensive care, as
Virginia Daiker. the division's architectural spe-cialist. prepared for retirement after four decades ofservice to the Library. The personalities and subjectsfound in the photographs of the extensive Toni Fus-sell Collection can now be identified by the use of a ,Lard index available in the division reading room.Thr- Motion Picture Section made considerableheadway in providing preliminary cataloging offilms newly received or newly transferred to safety
The Onentalia Division, which has custody of thelargest Asian and North African language collectionsin the United States. also maintains union catalogsrepresenting,the holdings of oriental-language mono-graphs and serials of the Library and other institu-tions Of great value to the Hebraic Union Ca.talug,-Dow internationally acclaimed as a unique tool ofresearch value, was the pioneering effort by theHebrew Union College in Cimnrinati'to recatalog itswhole collection in conformity with j_abrary of Con-gress practice. Encouraged by this example, otherlibraries with strong Hebraic holdings decided tofollow suit, thus substantially enriching the HebraicUnion Catalog and rendering it more reflective ofthis country s extensive HebraicTa resources. Progresswas made in the developtnent of the Chinese UnionCatalog, due to the increasing number of requestsfor location of Chinese materials. Edwin G. Beal,assistant chief of the Orientalia Division, and K. T.Wu, head of the Chinese and Korean Section, retiredand were appointed honorary consultants in EastAsian and Chinese bibliography, respectively.
The Reference Department, naturally, must coor-dinate many processing functions with the Process-ing Department The newspaper cataloging program,mentioned previottsly. is just one example of colla°ratio!). Another joint effort suf.rceS'sfully comple edduring fiscal 1975 was the revision and expansi ofthe Library's map and atlas classification sc ernes.The Geography and Map Division's MARC p staff,launtrIbuted significantly to the forthcom g publi-cation of-the revised class G. To assist an der activ-ity, specialists of the Slavic and Cent 1 EuropeanDivision have been selecting and asst mg prioritiesto the volumes of the Cyrillic. 4 monographs andYudin Collection for full cataloging!
The department also works/ closely with theAdministrative Department f u the preservation ofthe te-c-LOItions-rmitsj.ustud /rDuring
the year,'the
50
Preservation Office's restorers inserted more than11.000 maps into polyester film cases and repaired2.000 pictorial items In addition. they handsomely
/rebound some 40 volumes trout the Oliver" WendellHolmes Collection in the Rare Buuk and SpecialCollections Division
Preservation of motion pictures and sound record-ings continued to receive high priority in the Refer-ence Department The Motion Picture Laboratoryproduced more than 5 million feet of safety film toreplace deterioratkvg nitrate film. Some titles trans-ferred to acetate film were Big SA.1, the 1944rut gill Old Laic featuring Cary Grant and theAstaire-Rogers hit Gat Divorcee On a related front.the Prints arid Photographs Division initiated a
study of the preservation problems of color photog-raphy still and motion picture At the present timeno efficient effective. and inevensive means ofmaking a permanent record of photographed colorexists.
The preservation of deteriorating recorded soundmedia set a new record. The Recording Liburaturyin the Music Division transferred 2.618 acetatediscs, 514 acetate tapes, and t62 wan cylinders to850 polyester preservation tapes during fiscal 1975.,Included in du, program were gift records fromradio and television personality Durward Kirby.acetate discs of the N B( Symphony Orchestra, andcylinder of music of the Onbway Indians
RI VI RI.N AND,BIBLIMRAPHIC AC IIVIHIS
Reteren research, ind bibliographic services arethe en product of the department's as well theLibrar, s actiuisitao ts. processing, and preservationefforts. The overall effectiveness of the Library istested every' day in the reading rooms operated bythe Referents Department the two large generalreiading rooms and 12 spectali/ed reading rooms Inthese facilities reference service is offered to readersnot only in person but also by telephone andthrough corresponderk-e This direct personal serviceIs augmented by tie preparation and publication uta wide variety of bibliographies, guides, and findmaids, all intended to inform readers about the clections of the Library and to aid in the use of tho secollections
In fiscal 1975 a slight upward trend was evide inmost of the reference services provided by the ef-erence Department, and a number of imp rtant
RI PORI- 01 III! I IBRARIAN 01 CONORISS, 1975
bibliographies and collection guides were published.There were also significant achievements in auto-mation. specifically. the first steps were takentoward the development ut un-line access to Libraryof Congress computer data bases that can be useddirectly for the benefit of the reader. The Scienceand Technology Division was the fucar point formuch of this activity
One of the major developments was the use ofon-line terminals to gain access to various data basesfor public reference service. Although several divi-sions in the department lave been involved in auto-million for several years. this , involvement was
-usually in the creation of such data as the/ NIARCrecords for maps or in the searching Of t e \t AR(data base for specific types of bikugrap lc records,for example. children's literature, on a time-.available basis The next logical develop ent wasdirect access to the umputer data bas throughterminals The Gene I Reference and hographyDivision, the Divis n for the Blind a d PhysicallyHandicapped, the/ oat Division, the erial Division,and the Sciency and Technology ivision ,all hadcomputer terminals available during some part ofthe year.
In April 1975 the first computer terminal forpublic use in the Library of Congress was installediin the Science Reading Room in the Science andTechnology Division. Utilizing the SCORPIO (Sub-ject Content Oriented Retriever for Processing In-formation Onhrie) programs developed by theInformation Systems Office, the un-line cathode-raytube (CRT) terminal provided access by author,title. subject, LC classification number or cardnumber to approximately 90,000 English-languagemonographs in the fields of science and technologyselected from the Library's MARC data base
Tpe terminal also provided access to the file ofinf ,rmation resources developed by the Science andT chnolugy Division's National Referral Center
RC ) The system proved to be simple enough forlie most utisuplusticate/ readers and sophisticated
enough for the most knowledgeable It enabled theuser, for ex_arinple, to search un LC card numbers forscientific titles obtained from sucli basic bib-
ytihugra is tools as Books in Pint and the CUMU-
lative Book Index and then to view the fullbibh6graphic' description of the book on the CRTterrinal in a matter of seconds. This system is apilot application, that the Reference Departmenthopes will yield useful clues about possible future
1111, RE! LRI,NCI. UI P 11(1111 N i z 51
public use St- omputet terminals un a mu0larger scale.
Another milestone m 195 was the addition 73fthe previously mentioned SRC data base to the on-line SCORPIO system itself. The great convenienceof the new data base to the many S( OR PIO userswas demonstrated in April at a joint presentation bythe SLiente and Technology Division and the Infor-mation, Systems Office that was given six times inthe Pavilion and five times in the Copy right "
Office to a total of 400 people1n addition to the newly added NR( data base,
SCORPIO contains three developed by the Congres-sional Research Service (CRS) its Bill Digest file, itscurrent awareness bibliography. Litatiun file, and itsIssue Briefs the The usefulness of this informationto the Reference Department has been demon-strated daring the year through the use of a type-writer terminal in the General Referente andBibliography Division ((,R&B) whit-11 provides ac-cess, through SCORPIO, to these data bases A simi-lar typewriter terminal is located in the SerialDivision. Plans were formulated durin the year toreplace both typewriter terminals waif CR T termi-nals and printers. A- c R1 terminal which provides,access to the MARC data base for books is nowavailable to the Reference Department in the 1f,uanDivision.
Ready access to the MAR( data bases for Reference Department divisions is provided primarilythrough the MAR( Reference Service-During 1975,close to 34,000 full or partial catalog records wereretrie,yed through the MARL Reference Service inresponse to requests from Reference Departmentdivisions. These included records of translations ofRussian juvenile books, Lity maps, oil and gas maps,and books in science and ieLlmology. The numberof monthly current -awaseness servites increased to19, with services added fur directories in all subjectsand for Latin American languages and literature.The juvenile books data base, maintained on mag-netic tape for the Children's Book Section in
(,R &B, untamed over 31,450 retturds at the end ofthe year.
During fiscal 1975, the Loan Division workedclosely with the Information Systems ()like in plan-ning a new Loan Automated Charging System(LAOS) which will handle charging, discharging, andrenewal operations for all Lategunes of burrowersand will have un-line capabilities for most trans-actions through T terminals, printers, and optical
mark reader !OMR equipment. Ten tatil;e targetsfor full operation are set. for late 1975. The need forautomated loan procedures becomes more evidenteach year as circulation figures continue to risesteadily. In fiscal 1975 the Loan Division issued .
over 218,000 individual pieces a 4-percent increaseover 1974. The growth in the circulation of non-buuk material unbound sepals, microfilm, manu-scripts, prints, and maps continues to be greaterthan the increase in the Lirculation of books fromthe'clssitied collections.
Further planning for the use of the automatedsystems of biblpgraphip tuntrul was undertaken in
a series of joint meetings of the divisional officers ofthe Processing and Reference Departments, explor-ing the, services immediately -available and thoseplanned during the next few years.
The Stack and Reader Division, w(uch is respbn-sible for serving books to readers in the Library'stwo general reading rooms, reported that for thefirst time in several years the use of the generalclassified collections increased. March and Aprilwere the busiest months in the reading rooms and,as usual, class H (social sciences) was the most heav-ily used class. As in past years, the sharpest nkreasein the number of readers and in circulation tookplate in the Microform Reading Room, adjacent tothe Main Reading Room. Reference librarians in theMain and Annex Reading Rooms reported increasesin the number of reference contacts, telephone reference inquiries from government agencies, and tele-phone calls from the press
Most of the specialized divisions in the ReferenceDepartment also experienced increases in their refer-enle.al, Won), especially the Prints and Photographs,Rare Book and Special Collections, Science andTechnology, and Serial Divisions. Although the
number of readers visiting the Manuscript Divisionand the Geography and Map Division remained at arelatively stable level, both divisions reportedincreased reference Luirespondence and telephoneinquiries. The number of photocopies made. byreaders in the Manuscript Division Reading Roomrose sharply.
The nature of reference work in the departmentdiffers considerably among the divisions and is in-fluenced by a variety of factors. Current eventsoften have an important effect. For example, in theLttrn American, Portuguese, and Spanish Division(LAPS), the volatile Portuguese political situation aswell as speculation about Spanish politics intensified
52
the division's concerns during fiscal 1975 The exhi-bition ut araleolugkal finds from the People'sRepublic. China at the National Galler,v of Art inthe spring of 1975 stainulated.a greatile,i1 ut activityin the Chinese and-Korean Section ut the OrientaliaDivision The November 1974 meeting in Washing-ton of the International Federation ut Library Asso-ciations L brought additional responsibilitiesto L es and to the Geography and Map DaimonL PS planned the preconference Seminar for LatinAmerican Librarians and the Geography and MapDivision Was the host for It LA's Geography andMap Subsection.
hi the Manuscript Daimon, several collections towhich access had previously been restricted wereopened for research in fiscal 1975. The papers utHarlan Fiske Stone. attorney general of the UnitedStates and Supreme Court associate justice andChief Justice. were opened on January 1. 1975. andHarold M. Stephens' court pjpers reflecting hisyears as associate justice and chief justice of theU S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbiabecame mailable on May 28.1975.
While the principal users of the Manusc!upt Divistun are scholars and private researchers. U.S. gov-ernment agencies arc the sole recipients, of theFederal Research Division's special foreign area
research services. In fiscal 1975, 1 RD continued aresearch project for the National Aeronautics, andSpace Administration (' 1st) and a series of proj-ects for the Department' of Defense. A project forthe Environmental Protection Agency, begun infiscal 1973, was expanded to include the prepara-tion ut up-tu-date sheets summariring the structureof foreign environmental control systems;- -
In addition to its reference work fur governmentofficials, scholars. and the bubic in the Science'Reading Room, the Reference Section in the Sci-ence arid Technology Division prepares bibliogra-phies and performs bibliographic searches on a feebasis. In fiscal 1975 the section continued work umtwo such bibliugraphjes one un isotope separationfur the Union Carbide Culp Jratiun and the other unship salvage lur the A protect was alsuconcluded for NASA that involved searching the sci-entific, technical, and patent literature for theUnited States, France, England, Germany, andRussia fur information regarding numunventionalmeans of storing energy"' during the period1775-1825.
Bibliographies and other .19111±bliLatiuris describing
6 ,5
RLPORI 01 Tlil LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRI,SS, 1975
LulleLtiuns in the custody of individual divisionsoften genetate reader inquiries. One example in fis-Lal 1975 was the publication of Manuscripts onMicroform, a Checklist of the Holdings in the Manu-script Drumm, which was frequently cited on niterlibrary loan requests The wide distribution of thisand similar publications is one reason why Manu- ,
sc.npt Daimon interlibrary loans have increasedfrom 216 loans of 1,551 units in fiscal 1971 to 460loans of 2.319 units in fiscal 1975.
During fiscal 1975, the Library published severalother collection guides prepared by Reference De-partment divisions the Archive of Hispanic Litera-ture on Tape. a Descriptne Guide, edited m LAPS,Some Guides to Special Collections in the RareBook Dnision, the fourth edition of NewspapersReceiyed Current!) in the Librari of Congress, pre-pared by the Serial Division. and Ward Maps ofUnited States Ones and Railroad Maps of theLimed States, both prepared by the Geography andMap Division RelaIed publications of a more gen-eral nature included The Geography and Map Divi-sion, a Guide to Its Collections and Services, arevised and enlarged edition of a paniphlet first pubhshed in 1951, and Viewpoints, a S&L non fromtO Pictorial Collections of the Library of Congress,prepared by the Prints.and,Photugraphs Division Arichly illustrated 223-page volume, Viewpoints is.the only 'publication in print giving a Lornicirehensiveview of the holdings of the Prints and PhotographsDivision.
Area studies di?isiuns of the Reference Depart-ment continued to make major bibliographic contri-butions to their respective academic. specialties. TheUniversity of rlorida. Press published vOlurne 36,thurnanitiest of the Handbook of Latin AmericanStudies, which has been edited by LAPS, formerlynamed the Hispanic Foundation, for nearly 30,years The principal bibliographic project of theSlavic:and Central European Division is now thecompilation of the A inerican Bibliography of Slavicand Last turopean Stiidies. an annual bibliographyproduced in close association with its sponsor andpublisher, the American Association for the Ad-vancement of Slavic Studies.
Finally, it must be _admitted that the role of ex-hibits in stimulating reader interest and referenceactivity is often overloOked. Most of the ReferenceDepartment divisions with custodial responsibilitiesprepare exhibits based on their collections, usuallylocated in ur adjacent 'tu their reading room A
THI. RII I RLN( I IA P NH I MI 1I
complete list of the year's exhibits appears in theappendixes.
SERVICES TO THE BLIND AND PHYSICALLYHANDICAPPED
Fiscal 1975 was a.year-of change and innovation forthe Division for the Blind and Physically Handi-capped as it underwent a reorganization and newplans were- developed and implemented to providebetter service for its thousands of readers. Althoughmany of the changes involved the internal manage-ment of the division, the chief objective was astrengthened and more effective program responsiveto reader needs and interests,
Of almost SII 5 million appropriated for the divi-sion for fiscal 1975, more than 75 percent was spentun reading waterials (braille, talking books, and cas-sette buyks) and play back equipment (phonographsand cassette players). Other major developmentsduring the fiscal year included elimination of atalking-book machine shortage. introduction ofboth a new book selection 'policy and a collectiondevelopment plan, planning for and beginning workon a bibliographic center for the blind and physi-cally- handicapped, and production of all cassettetitles' at the slower recording speed of 15116 inchesper second.
'Shortages of raw materials essential for the pro-,duction of playback equipment resulted in a crisis in°,the, production of machines during 1974. Tu avoid asimilar crisis in 1975, special efforts were made toawaid most major contracts by midyear For thefirst time in several years some large contracts wecompleted within.the fiscal/year. Phonographs andcassette play17s, formerly fin short supply, wereavailable in sufficient number at the year's end tosatisfy reader needs.
For some time the division has been striving'toimprove its national culleLtion of embossed andrecorded books and to balance its collection. Thisundertaking has been especially difficult because ofthe need to serve 400,000 readers with diverse needsand interests who range from the very koung to thevery old. To achieve a balance, a new selectionpolicy was adopted and a plan for deto4oping thecollection was formalized and implemented. Thenew plan will promote the growth of a cyfe collec-tion of titles, will utilize available expertise. outsidethe 'Collection Development Section to uidn selec-
53
non of the best possible works in various subjectareas, will ensure that the collection will meet actualand potential needs of readers; will define for net-work libraries and volunteer groups the Subjectscovered by the division, and will provide means fornetwork librarians to participate more actively inthe selection process.
Steps for achieving a bibliographic center for theblihd and physically handicapped were identified ina three-year plan. This plan, covering fiscal years1975-77, focuses -primarily on the automation ofmany division functions and the development ofbasic files Systems analysis, design, and file buildingwere the majof areas of activity in fiscal 1975. Toeiisure the 'Inclusion of cordplete and accuraterecords in the automated system, a review of allnationally produced material was carried out.Approximately 12,000 entries were fully catalogedand coded and were converted to machine-readableform. An estimated 20,000 additional bibliographicrecords, representing the limited-production seg-
ment of the division collection. will undergo similartreatment. A recommended MARC format for spe-cial materials, including braille. cassette books. andtalking books, was developed, to facilitate retrieval--of unique data elements. -
After consideration of its past experience withdiscs and cassettes and the rapid advances in cassettetechnology, the division reexamined its decision toconvert recorded books to cassettes and all recordedmagazines from rigid to flexible discs The report byan independent consulting organization paid specialattention to meeting user requirements in equip-ment and books, it also presented a technical analy-sis and 'budget. Several plans for achieving thetransition were discussed, and the optimum planwas indicated and supported by appropriate tech-nical and financial information.
Since the division's Programs are dependent uponthe cooperating libraries for the distribution of read-ing materials and for libr'ary, services 'to its clientele,efforts tci improve this network Continued. Onlyone new regional library Puerto Rico-was openedduring the year bringing the total by the year's endto 54 regional and 92 subregional libraries. The pro-grams of 'the two multistate centers, established inFlorida and Utah during fiscal 1974, progressed suc-cessfully during fiscal 1975.
CouperatiOn in international interlibrary loanscontinuedn 1975 between the division and foreignlibraries serving the blind and physically handl-
.
6 6
54
Lapped Materials were burrowed fur U.S. patronstrum libraries in Canada. Japan. and Sweden. divi-sion materials were lent to libraries in Canada. Hol-land, India, Japan. Nigeria, Nurv/ay, and Sweden.
The division's reL.urding studio increased the num-beS of narrators. monitors.-and'reviewers during thisfiscal year. with the result that ari average of 12books and four magazines were reLorded per month.Resumption of publiLation of print editions of thebimonthly issues of Talking Book Tupi started
11.
e.
.0 7.
REPORT 01 TIIL LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRLSS. 1975
with the January-February 1975 issue. Other impor-tant publiLation% included the 1975 edition ofLibros Parlantes,"t Stafbg of reLorded Spanish:language materials, and I Went to the Animal Farr,,a
speLi51 bibliography on cluldren'5 books dealingwith animals.
Charles Gallozzi, assistant chief of the division,retired on May 11 after more than 17 years of ser-vice. He was succeeded by 'Mary Jack Wintle,. fortmerly assistant chief for materials development
A unique. inultiAtional complement of specialists.each well-versed to several 'national legal systems andskilled in bibliogr'aphic and research techniques. hasbeen assembled by the Lawytabrary to supply infur-111,111011 and d'ocurnenWati& on the world's, legalsystems. pas' and present. to Congress. the federalgovernment. the bench': the bal. scholars.searchers, librarians. and the general public With
,.._
During the year stress was laid on increasing-effec-tive and efficient maintenance, processing capacity,and distribution of c ngres,sional research reportsand Law Library stu ies. Because of the lack ofessential bibliograph c control over the major por-tion of the collection, first priority was given to thecontinued application of subclass KF (Law of theUnited States) tai retrospective books, which) neces-
additional support' fru i legal research. reference. sitated a co trated program of filming itpins tooand technical librarians re Law Library during fns- brittle to rebind Reorganization of major areas ofcal 81975 performed t le olluw mg operations effec- the co colon was accomplished through weeding.-lively and on an increasec scale storage. microtext filming of sets for preservation or
in lieu of binding, and a systematic analysis of sevoKeeping comprehensive and current its worldwide', eral processing operations.
collection of published legal literature
Providing users with accessibility to this universal RI. AUER SE RVICEScollection through legal. linguistic. and biblic3graphic (10111 ,
expertise 'With its vast collecti6n of legal sources and a multi-. , lingual staff of profession'als. the Law Library is the
Analy /nig and interpreting legal information fu; preeminent legal information center in the nationthe American patron and rendering opinions and for governmental and private clientele. Referencecuasel on foreign. comparative. and international and research services are available primarily for legis-law lative support=, but similar servitts are provided to
- t the executive and judicial branches as time permits.Disseminating legal and bibliographic information Nuncongressional patrons' mai' request reference
and materials thrQugh reference.' loan. and photo- and bibliographic assistance ant other information,duplication facilities thr(tugh reading rooms, direct contact, or a variety
At of (lter means.Preparing written reports. studies. comparative ,During fiscal 1975 a total of '178,500 reference
sureys, translations,, guides, digests. indexes. and and research inquiries from all sources, ialuclingother publications translations, special studies. and reports, 4.200 more
55
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than in tis,fal 10-4 were answered by the 'st,11 In
addition ,rmany statI reports. studies. bibliographies.and other products were or, til.ited nut lust to asingle inquirer but to a broader audience `The totalnumber (it pages included to reports, studies, andtranslations issued in response to all ItlqUINCS accetcrated truth 49,400 to '0,400 page.
Reteieine and Research Seryke to
the legal sersr.es and documents sought by Con-gress stemmed troth the multivarious and complexproblem, confronting the legislative body thesequestion, -Titter) appeared at first glance to he PH-
dumestic but were, in this age of economicand political interdOendence. essentially, interna-tional As a re>ult, the answers supplied by the LawLthrory required involved and in-depth search and
RI 1'OR I 01. I It! LIBR SRI 1\ Of ( 0 \.(,RI.SS 19'5
such dy narrfic subiects as international lawand eco-noun... development:international commercial andecologi;HI law. and the prute,:tion of human right's,with,attention- to butli the economic andlegal pointof view, were researched.-The American Society ofinternational Law. in its 68th annual Proceedings119741: covered the tupics of foreign investment.regulation of free movement of people. interna-tional trade. Protection of cultural treasures, drugs,and rights of indigenous people in relation to contig-uous nations -all topics s'hich the Law Library dealtwith on a worldwide basis for Congress,
eflection of congressional interest in the multi-ational. approach can be seen in the subiects of
research reports prepared'. by the Law Library,Among them were the following
Formation and organization of national gas and oilcompanies.
analysis on an international scale Frequently inter.disciplinary, the requests set into action many- Administrative procedures for handling sax disputesfaceted investigations of considerable magnitude in Europe and Canada
and fluidity . Formidable harriers to the implementa-tion of the wurld law concept were posed by the International aspect; of public health laws and rrgu-
emergence otnew independent states with separate lations in Latin Americamunicipal sy stems of law that differ greatly .in theirregulation _of various legal relations and with the Methods of military discharge in foreign countries
'large body of already existing and contliNing legalsystems- each with its own political. sotioeconomic. Restrictions on the disclosure of for.eign capitalcultural. and linguistic elements..FuhliZrfrbore. Con- investment in industrierzed countrie4s, 1
giess not only requested laws and regulatibns of for-eign countrres as IILLI'but also deni,inded retrieval Countries requiting citizens to carry ID cards '
o,f data and research tram subsystem legal conipo-.nerits to learn front these smaller units' experiences'. Abortion laws in matdr countries and movements in
in lalzpiaking ever-changing character of the each country re onsible for liberalized laws ,
juridical panorama challenged the Lrbrarymorethan ever to offer ready accessibility to legal printed 'Nations regal" ig confidentiality of census records.matter-from the entire world. The effective unliza-ti(tn of inaterwl; and the knowledge of the staff The relauonship between law, lawyers. and socialcontributed to Congress' ability to formulate -change in Latin Americar
. , non geapplmg with national and international .
... affairs. ' Land use controls in Western Europe..
..-. v Increased. congressional rliance on the resources ,
of the deparunent was reflected statistically ui fiscal Deprecialion and amortization taxlaws in Western.0 '. ,
1975 by the total number -of requests.' 1 1.600. a Europe and Japan:,
5.percent growth F veC fiscal 1974 for reference anti; ... . . .
research services. Special studies 5nd reports, de- In the aftermath of Water/gate there were queries
,partsyn, and translation.. rose from 600 in fiscal lion of naturalized citizens froth holding high glee -'
1974 torover 650, .', -
tine office, Western'democracips with initiative and. ,
In addition to,a broad range of public law issues, referendum in their constitutions, pse of f mail bal.
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LAN% UMW:
lots, votingf citizens abroad and their separate rep-resentation, compariboti of campaign laws, political
.activity by geVernment employees. and politicalccantribtitions 6 corporations
The Law Library was freqUeiutly stalled upon tocompile laws and regulations on a global basis:sometimes selectively but more often , oh
such subjects as drugs', consumer protection. tiank-mg. expulsion cif aliens, tax deductions for house-hold expenditures, 'good Samaritan laws, bicy cleregulation, humane methods in the slaughter of ani-mals. workmen's compensation, and occupationalhealth and satety A number of requestl dealt withthe administration of justice and the legal ,sy stems inthe Soviet Union. Israel, aitirthe People's Republicof China
An upsurge in requests for reports and transla-tions relating to the taw of the Republic of Vietnamcame as a consequence of the tall of Saigon whenet-torts to adopt orphans an provide refugee reliefwere intensified These requests dealt with adop-tion, passports, charitable organizations, legitimacy,marriage. and orphans
Other questions pos'ed by Congress focused on a'singfe,legal system but were not necessarily 'unitedto current law. Among these were. /
Rot.: of the House of Lords' in impeachment cases
up to 1787.
coreign exchange regulations th Hungary
Exeradition problems between the United States
and Italy,
Liabiky of careers in Poland
Duties of the statutory auditorCommercial Code.
under the Japanese
Recovery for wrongful death of a husband-father in'Mali.
Stat-us of twerp())
Comparison of the 'special prosecutoiy systems ofthe ancient Chinese censorate and the Roman tri-bune.
trite rpre tation tit' the new ( onsiitution- of the Peo-pie's Republic of China
57
Other Reference and Research Serb ices
'The staff supplied material and information on aseries of public and private law questions that wereoriginated by government agencies, the courts, law-yers..legal scholars, prisoners, 'the mgeheral public.international agencies. and foreign governments andciti/ens .khqgether 1,3.60. special studies, repoW.and bibliographies were prepared for noncongres-sional inquirers. a 15-percent rise over fiscal 1974
Many of the questions asked concerned the personal status problems that surface when foreignersapply for U.S citizenship. the right to reside in theU.S , of aywcess to benefits enjoyed by a relative whohas beconie. a U.S citizen Such cases, presented bygovernment agencies, lawyers. and judges, require an
pert optnion on a problem inv,orving foreign lawelements rooted not only ItI5teTiltonal legal systemsbut also in personal religious law, compounded bythe' condition off' their application. The queries dealtwith marriage, divorce, adoption, legitimation. andcrimes constituting turpitude in such jurisdic-tions as Guyarip' India, French Polynesia,
pi
Thailand.,Nigeria. Ethiopia., Somali, Nepal, and matey stateswhich have fellfal-state legal systems. Anothercommon request was for information about somephase of administration of estates, whether in Bang-ladeth. Luxembourg, Argentina. or Yemen (Islamiclaw). Individual questiOns of a more unusual natureincluded the following
Katrina adoption in Burma
Judicial review of government actions in Yugoslavia
Banning of gold clauses from contracts in Japan,France. Germany, and Canada
State of siege and state of war under Chilean law.
Scope of Guatemalan Supreme Court decisions
Nationality of Cubans born during the AmericanOccupation
Presumption of death in Chinese law in 1928.
, Civil liability, workmen"s compensation, and execu-. lion of foreign judgments under Turkish law.
Laws and regulations of European Communist coun-tries affecting`their citizens who travel abroad.
J
Ownership of real property in the Mexicali btate ofChihuahua.
More readers than ever before utilized resources mthe knglo-American Law Gallery Law LibraryMicrotext and two foreign law reading rooms Anestimated 105.000 readers came to these facilitiesduring fiscal l975. 10.000 more than the previousyear Telephone service to noncongressional callerrose K percent Increased reader traffic can be attrib-uted to a proliferation ut law students, especiallyfrom newly opened lav, schools in the area para-legal students, and groups engaged in projectsinvolving owgressional documents The number utreaders' questions and items circulated was sus-tained on an even amount
indexes. Other liibliogiaphic Tools, and Publications
...tIlz71ary source pf legislation in most coun weof ficial national gazette Tu reniam-trirCdate
and fully conversant with changing laws, the LawLibrary must either obtain search tools which pinpoint needed information or. more likely ,Orodrice.its own aids through the timeconsuming steps ofdigesting and indexing the contents of national ga-/cues for use by staff and other researchers Sixty- Security interests of- U.S.1,exPorters in foreign coun-
.
tries were indexed during fiscal 1975 In those Nanonalization of the ,a1 industry in We.sternstates publication of legal materials is limited and ..European cOuntries'.access throUgh overall, indexing. virtually nonexi-
,. .
tent The number of total entries prepared in Seleeted bibliography, of oiirees on the legality .
digesting-indexing operations by tbe several divi-, under...international law of Ilsraeli ail.strikes on vil-. sions went from 5.800 in fisall 1974 io 10.800. (ages and .ianips in Lebanon's
, , ,'The Fhipartic Law Division has nearly completed . .. . 3, .work on the third supplement (1971.75) to the Legal system olthe'Reoples'Repliblic of China.
77ia'ox to Latin Amerwan Leg:slat:on ,Voltrmcs of . , ,-this index to the official national gazettes in ...0 Emigration tax law's of foreign countries.Latin American countries have been published for . . . rthe period I 9 1;)-60 and supplements covering A special series of Law Library studies on timelyI ()id 70 They are arranged' alphabtically by "co-un- topics in foreign, comparative, and international law.try and then by subject Within the country boring templed to facilitate legal research was prepared for-the year, the division inerg61 two supplegrentary selective dis.triblition. Studtes completed' in fiscalfil.e)s of 50,000 cards' which were photographed fol 1915 were "A Selected- Bibliography From thethe published volumes. for the years 1950-70.-This Turkisli.Collection of the Law Library of Congresscombined file. is maintained by subject and th on International Law, Private International Law,subfiled by country, thereby giving th,e resear riminal Law, avid Criminal Procedural Law Duringan additional access tool to Latin Arherican legisia- the Last 25 Years." by Edward Sourian, "Guide toLion. Fusilier review and.revisron were given to the the Text of ((he Crrannal Law and Criminal Proce
RI PORT 01 1111 LIVRARR's 01 ( 0\01u SS 1975
master list of subject headings used to classify thelegislation indexed, and the referral system wasrestructured to simplify its use and to update it inrelation 1u new legislation
In addition. staff niembers are responsible for,pre-paring entries from Japanese. Chinese. and Kofea'njuiirnals for the hulf;xof 1;oreign Legal Periodicals,a publication of the American Association of LawLibraries
Many of the studies;1-eports. surveys, translations.and bibliographies prepared by the legal specialistsand researchers in resOnse to congressional requestsare of a general and recurring nature and containinformation .sought by"feveral inquirers To conveythese research results 'to all Members of Congress,recent reports are now selecteepenodically andissued in multicopY`forrn During the fiscal year, 21such reports .1..Tref reprOduced ,,and distributed tooffices int rested in obtaining a copy:Among tlib)serepo-ris p oduced were the following
Comparative study of *iretapping and electronicsurveillance laws in majorlforeign countries.
Niedia coverage of crintinal tfials in Australia. Can-ada, and Great Britain. .
seven official national gazettes chiefly frpm Asian, tries.Middle Eastern. African. and Latin American coun.
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1111 LAW LIBRARN
dure Codes of Burundi. Rwanda. and Zaire,- pre-pared by Anton Yvekerle."The,35th Amendment tothe United States Constitution a Bibliography.- byLoretta A \orris. "The Constitution (FundamentalLaw1 of the Socialist Republic of the Union Of Bur-ma.' translated by Mya Saw Shin. "OccupationalSafety an Health Act of 1970" and "Bibliographyof Holdings on 15 S. Session- 'Laws. 1791.18732'arranged by sessions of Congress and collected Con-gresses with index,es and digests of the laws for theperiod covered
f\hibih
rout exhibits. each dOlayed for three months inthe foyer of the, Affg10American Law ReadingRoom and accompanied by. informative brochures.received.a favorable response from readers. visitors.did the media They are described ia the, appendixon exhibits
tOttl.CTI 0 \ INIAILLO PNIENT
Tire search to identity law traditionally begins withits sources. These sources onsist 01 constitution's.international conventions.jegislation. and prece-dent In addgion to the materials.' in which thesesources are printed. -there are. for many jurisdic-tions. interpreting and searching aids to expedite thelocation of specific rules and doctring of Irw and tocomMent upon and amplify their contents Theseaids are usually, issued in the form of treatises.encyclopedias, perrodreals. and digests,
Legal Josearell is literally dependent 'upon tileavailability of the written work embodying the sub-stance of the law Without the support of a rela-tively complete reterence collection,. .the amount.
,quality. and variety of services rendered to Congress,and other patrons is perfprce limited The collec-tion's adequaty and reliability as a universal repre-sentative of legal systems and units must coincidewith .the Law Library 's global mission- Variousacquisition programs*are used to ensure this goalexchange and gift. copyright deposit. the SpecialForeign Currency Program. the National Programfor Acquisitions and Cataloging. t IP. blanket-orderdealers. continuing orders, and individual purchasesMaterials must he identified. processed, and storedwhere they are readily accessible to the user Tune-
59
of receipt is of crucial importance. equallyimportant is continuous monitonng and searchingfor. nonacquired materials
A total of 45.400 bound volumes (including15.300 classed in class K by the Processing Depart-ment) entered the collection during fiscal 1975Careful scrutiny of the shelves during maintenanceand other operations resulted in the discard of17.900 volumes. bringing the net total of actual vol-umes added to the collection to 27.500 At the endof fiscal 1975. the number of volumes classed eitherunder cliss K or Law in the custody of the LawLibrary totaled 1.335.700 Added to the microtextcollection were 1,124 reels of microfilm and 57.000ultra- and microfiche
Selection and Acquisition
During the year 18.300 items were checked by se-lection personnel for possible addition to the collec-non, and as a result. 3350 titles were recommendedfor acquisition by direct purchase. exchange. orother means. The. total number of receipts-mono:graphs. serial pieces. records and briefs. looseleaf
,inserts. and pocket parts- agdm ,sbowed a tremen-dous inc4ease over the preceding year.with a total of1.722.709 items. of which 188.900 were U.S. con-gresSional bills and resolutions...Several individual titles of note were acquiredAmong these are Consfha. by AntOnius de ButriO(Venice. l491). an inctInabuluip not represenied inany'other North American collection: Consfha Halllensann Jurcconsultorirm, by Johann Peter vonLudewig 93334). microfilms of 116re, Zen.-
situ (.Statutes at Large) of Japan. 1868-1945', Wit-nes% Index to *the United States CongressionalHearings. 25th-89th Congress, 1839-1966, Congres- .
SIOnal Record. 1873-1961: code of Federal Regula-tions, 1939-71. Interstate Commerce Conmnssron
.Reports, 1887-1971, and Securiti and rxchangeCon:mai:on Releases. nos_ 1.5359 and 1-9984 Auseful file of 33,000 subject index cards to legisla-tion published in' the . French- speaking countries ofsub-Saharan Africa from 1958 to 1973, prepared byDocument'ation Francaise of Paris; was received.
A collection of juchetat documents filed in severalWatergate cases was complied and indexed by theAmerican-British Law Division. This Wotic supple.ments other Watergate doscuments deposifeem theLaw Library by the Depattment of Justice
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td) - 4- Rt POR 101 1111 I IISR \RI %". 01 ( °\(,R SS 1975
The resource capatrility ot the Law Library an tbs.Capitol was expanded bs installing an ufiratichereader-printer a portable ultrafiche reader a'ndfiche for the first series of I ti, r.11 16 port< r arts!regional reporters ' i ~
Aspects it the acquisition prograii that met withsuccess, were ensuratice of regular receipt of mateHats Iron.) countrie; with an underdeseloM booktrail: particularly in the diddle Fast and thesmaller countries ot Vrestern Europe by giving morespecific iihtruction, to blanket-order dealers con-centratioh on acquiring Materials from RuinerFrench Indochina through a three day visit to Sai-gon by Pliu4ng Khanli \guy en legal analyst. Far!astern Law Division elimination set 60 legal peri-odical titles trmn the missing issues program.by till-ing gaps in sets acquiation ot mictmorms to replaceduplicate cokes and items too brittle to bind andprompt claiming ot otticial gaieties mailed by airThe punctual receipt ot 2s0 garettes resulted in thehandling and recording of 49,350 separate issuesLaw Library start members worked in cooperationwith tire Pruc'essurg Department in checking andselecting or Qlimirufing unprocessed maternal of alegal nature ,
Arrangements made with the Processing Depart-moil's Serial Record Division to catalog preferenBally those national gaiettes not represented bycards in the Library catalogs resulted in lb of the 2ctitles suhrnitted being s Ailuged Iffird Prouded withprinted cards
The Law Libyan process file was completeI3, re-viewed and purged of nonctirrent cards These cardswere rt.fien searched against the catalog arid deck co4le,tion to loi.ate printed 111,111.1 entry cards and shelfnotation for, all Lass Library coaltig cards .Athorough e:samination ot the entire mfcrolext col-le tion 1.4,1s conducted to ensure its proper represen.la min out eards in the depaftmenes'Catalog. Becauseof this'operatioll. cards tor approximately 75 titleswere ordered and filed. .
1nterdisi \tonal processing problems and projectswere brought .t. ''hie Loh LihrSry's committee for ,
coordinating processing activities and were resolved.:Flint' committee is composed of cepresert tarives f ruineach division of the I...iy, Library and cliaired.bc.iliehead of the Proe6sing Section
,
Orga manors and Manstenancv of ( olIecitons
HI drJrpdtic c...spamon in Die number of incoming
r7.t):`1
receipts triggered corresponding efforts in pcocess-ing Oser 521,000 separate items were sZuftd andarrangeds for further processing. an increase of212.500 user -fiscal '1974, A9,200 item's recorded inthe visible file. 39,600 abuse the "previous year,468.500 tspieces- shelsed. a 58-percent rise. and23:400 pocket parts (filed, a 41-percent increase.Despite the upsurge of solutes classed and processed for shelsing by the Processing Department.24.600 sulurnes were shelflisted and processed bythe aweLibrary staff
The collection's physical condition and the ordermess on the de,c ks unproved ummensely as a resultof seseral'ak. ti% iries which included boxing and slur-ig little-used sets with an ettectise control ssttl,rn
least omit for new acquisitions. placing locationsigns on the decks. sursey mg and rearranging theWinter Palace collection of Crar Nicholas 11 and thecoutumes collectiort processing (perforating. plattrig. labeling, inarkiWg. shelflisting, and lecteitnglJapanese holdings. and closely controlling readers inthe deck areas and circulation of materials froiti the'&Iles. tion.
!reservation
The influx of serial pieces that required binding irrfilintog"and the amount of unbindable, retrospectivematerials classed set KF demanded art inordinateamount of Mall time A total of 1.484 monographs.5.652 serials (consisting of 123.226 pieces). and 300briefs (6.800 pieces) were prepared for binding. 982volumes were readied fur- rebinding, and 300 itemswere breed A special protect was initiated to col-late and prepare for binding boost leaf sersice perma-nent volumes '
Over ,700 solumes of brittle monographs classedin fa were sent for filming. a decision that allowedti:: discarding of this disintegrating material whichis not considered rare or valuable enough to-store IIIany other mariner.
The European Law Division to sendvaluable case volumes to the Restoration Officeunder the phased preservation box program and torearrange the returned materials by we. At the endof the fiscal .year, 2.500 volumes- were treated aridboxed, bringing the program total since 1972 to6'.600 volumes_
1...1% 1113R %RN'
The Law Library filming program to preserveunique items produced three titles -,Hari laud LustRecord. 1878-86. Clikago Law Journal. 1880-88.and Cases .S.ubmitttd on Apptul to Ilk frill
1923-69. The last title consists of I.390 ,.aces-(8.068 pieces) which were indexed and filmed.
Arrangements between the Law Library and theReference Department to film the national gazettesof Latin America and exchange missing issuesneeded lkefilming with the New York Public Li-brary were instituted in January 1974. During thecourse of the fiscal year. the Reference Departmentcollated and prepared the Law Library 's LatinAmericim gazette collection for filming, As J resultof the ioint endeavor. the gazettes of Bolivia. Ecua-dor Nicaragua. Panama, Peru. El Salvador. andVenezuela were filmed. cataloged. and added to thecollections f liming covered the years '1970-73.except for Venezuela in that case. coverage ex-tended to 1974.
PERSONNEL
Additional staffing allotted by Congress boosted theLaw Library 's tapa.city to perform congressionaland reader serviq andnd develop the collection morehilly: Four new. positions were added three legalspecialists and eine library technician. The transferut a second .library technician to the departmentbrought the stall total to 89. In addition. a part-time position was delegated to the Liw Library inthe Capitol for expanded service..Two temporarylibrary technicians were employed to work on vari-ous collection maintenance projects. and a specialistin French legal history was contracted to prepare aguide and organize the French t:outurries collectionThe Law Library's intern program continued' withthe participation of a law student and a library stu-dent An extensive maintenance review of Liw Li-brary positions was undertaken by the Placementand Classification Office. Two staff members. com-pleting the requirements of their training agree-ments under the Training. Appraisal, and Promotion(TAP) program, were promoted
Although addition of personnel strengthens thework Prodirct, it critically strains the limits of the4fice environment. Space for new staff memberseduced further the already crarpped quarters andrequired the relocation of present staff to public
' area
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Sixty statt members devoted' 1;650 hours.during fiscal 1975 to formal training in foreignlanguages. personnel Jdminist ra Non. office skills.labor-management relations. legal research. and.h-brary science Thirty -eight individuals attended 15in- service .courses. and nine enrolled in eight classesoffered by other agencies and institutions The Li-brary provided tuition support in 24 instances
The department's Human Relations Committee,which met throughout 'the year. enhanced depart-mental communications: and cOordinated effortswith the LC Human Relations Council to alleviateLabrary'vvide personnel problems
Professional Activities
Professional pursuits of the staff Included the usualparticipation in seminars. institutes. workshops. andmeetings and service as committee members or offi-cers in professional groups. Organizations in whichstaff membdts were involved Included the AmericanBar, Association. Federal Bar Association, Women:sBar Association of the District of Columbia. D.0Bar. American_Association of Llw ,Libraries, Inter-national Assuciatib,p, of Law Libraries. Law Librar-ians' Society of Washington. D.0 ;Amdfican Societyof International Law. Association for Asian Studies.and various other bar. library, and scholarly associa=nuns. One outstanding effort was-the organizationand staffing of the fifth International Associatton ofLiw Libraries course. "Research in American Law."given at the Library of Congress, November 11-15.1974. Staff members also engaged themselves inteaching. editing., reviewing books. consulting. aridrepresenting the department un Library 0rCongress-Lornmittees and programs
Articles by staff members appeared in variouspublications, Ivan Sipkov. assistant chief. `EuropeanLiw Division, wrote "Guide to the Law of theS. Stateof the People's Republic of .Bulgaria" ft% Butgartsaie Jahrbucher', and Tab -tai lima. chief, andKathryn A. Haun, legal research assistant,, Far East-ern Law Division. prepared "Laws of the People'sRepublic of China on Industrial and IntellectualPlow r ty for Law and hihcy in International Busi-ness sand. Law and Contemporary. Prdblems, and"Constitution of the People's Rppublic of China"fur Con. stitutroirs of the Counzries of the World.
An outcome. of meetings with Sidney S. Sachs.
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62 RI POR I 01 1111 LIBRARIAN 01 ( ONORI SS. 1975
chairman. American Bar Association Standing Com-mittee on Facilities of the Law Library 6f Congress.and Library Of Congress officers was J Law Librarypamphlet describing the services it renders to thelegal profession A meeting with A, Leo Levin. exec.
7 5
utRe director, Commission un Revision of the Fed-eral Court Appellate System, resulted in a report bythe Law Library, on problems connected with courtut appeals documents and recommendations fortheir solution
Particular attention was krvcn by the AdmintstratoeDepartment throughout the year to the proposal forthe adoption ut a tormal labor-management systemfor the tal-Jrary The recommendations concerningthe proposed regulation on staff managementtionships were deelopeq un the basis of thoroughstudy hearings which Wdre open to testunony. Jilt]suggestions trom all members of theLibrary staffThey were accepted by the Librarian in AugustI974 and the new program was endorsed by thechairman and vice chairman of the Jumt Congres-sional (ummitiRe un the Library in April 1975Shortly thereafter the regulation on the program-was issued and became ettectie October 24. l')75ormul mandatory training courses on labor-management were conducted for all Library super-%hors and voluntary orientation and informationsessions on the subject were scheduled fur the bene-fit of all nunsuperisory stall members,
There were major expansions in the use ut thecomputer to assist in performing Library tasks. andthe crowding of .ollectins and personnel in theCapitol Hill buildings reached extremes
At IOMA HON AC"I IVI III S
The Intormation Sys ems Offic ected a majors
expansion ut its ain- rte teleprocessil, services inrespufbc to rer u tient, of the ,eve. I Librarydepartments am ut congressional olfiL,es Tlie in-
L,reasing number of users and their growing dependence on the availability of computer services hasnecessitated several new approaches involving hard-ware. software. and system design to improve reli-ability tri telecommunications. to incrpase the powerof the computer Lonfiguration, to validate the per-formance of computer 'programs, and to ensure thetntegrity of data bases On-line services providingaccess to legislativp and bibliographic data baseswere expanded by the addition of 153 high-speedcathode-ray-tube (CRT) terminals, and on the lastday of the year The system configuration was up-graded to include dual model 370/158 central pros. -'essurs and dual CO\ITL\ Lummunications controlprocessors
New programs were. developed in support of theCongressional Research Service (c RS) and the Con-gress Among the new programs were those neededto upgrade the Bill Digest system for the 94th Con-gress to include bill descriptions and committeereferrals. the automatic creatijn of a chronology oflegislative actions for each bill, and the facility forcopying digests of reintroduced bills. A systemcreated for the compilation of the periodicallyissued Major Legislation of Congress also featuresintegration with the Major Issues System.
Mid-range and long-range planning continued forthe expansion of the telecommunication systemwith particular emphasis on the overall systerArequirements and computer configuration alterna-tives fur the James Madison Memorial Building. Ithas been determined that the most promising con-
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figuration for the mid-range period is a tOrin of dis-tributed processing Yvherem a network of terminalsand lipplication-specific. small-scale computers com-municate w oh a centralweil arraj. °I larger bustcomputeis and data bases Studiis on intercomputercommunications sy stems, minicomputers. and net-%curk topologies are also being conducted
At the request of S Senate. technical planswere developed to add 100 On-line ( RT terminals tothe system to provide direct access from Senators'.offices to the t. Rs legislatiYe data bases
Computer 1pplhations
r;loup was created in the Computer Applications()Ince t ,Cfltlahic the funinional responsibility forproviding clieckotit and ongoing maintenancevt alt programs placed in production and forincreasing application software reliability and data.base integrity As an initial contribution to im-proved integrity of on -line data., bases, a foul; -
generation backup procedure was implementedalong with added computer cliecks to prohibit manyprocedural errors'that could cause loss of data
Based upon S Res '34.5. the Librarian of Congressrecen.e; a request in August 1974 from Senator JWilliam Fulbright to provide direct automation sup-port for the Foreign Relations Committee. The
unittee had found that application of automatedinformation-processing techniques to the retrieval of
cOrmfnittee files and generation ofreports wa iseful in its operations The ComputerApplications Office adapted an existing biblio-grapluc informatv retrieval sy;tem. 13113S1( S. foruse as a document control' system, and the com-mittee staff is now able to retrieve abstracts of LW-respondence. transcripts. legislation. nominationshearings. heaties, and other documents by subjectmatter. author, date, age,ncY, or any other specifiedparameter
Subject Content Oriented Retriever for ProcessingInformation On-line (St ORPIO) wasused to obtainaccess to Ides containifig fsSue Briefs, legislative in.:formation for the 94th Congress. and bibliographiccitations A user's guide was produced by the Infor-mation Systems Office to facilitate day-to-dayaccess to the system by ('Ri terminals Additiun'alcomputer terminals were installed in the U S. Senateand louae set Represtintanves..urcludilig the refer-ence centers in 'office buildings used by' Member-y.0f-
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RI PORI 01 lilt 1_113R \RIX'. 01 ( ONGRI SS 1975
both houses of the Congress Comments and sugges-tions from users led to a number of additional fea-tures and refinements including the two newcommands St s\ and f INIP. a location option forshe bibliographic title-line display to aid in findingcited documents in the C RS files. midpoint,browse capability to enable users to select retrievalterms. aid a gew display 'of bibliographic citationsin a catalog card format AB of the direct displaycommands for the SC ORPIO files were simplifiedIn addition.' the National Referral Center master.tile. consisting of descriptions of 10.000 informa-tion resources on virtually any topic in science andtechnology. including the social was madeavailable to users through SCORPIO
In the Copyright Office the first issue of Catalogof Copyright ',limes, Part 14 Sound Recordings,covering February to December 1972. was producedusing a machine-readable record to create camera-ready copy The Copyright Office Publication andInteractive Cataloging System (CORK'S) was com-pleted and placed in production. This system allowsthe majority of registration classes to be cataloged,directly into a computer ,system using an on-line
Ict terminal. Once me catalog procedure is com-pleted. a registration is automatically processed togenerate' a catalog card set, and the data fields for-matted to create the catalog cards are stored forfuture generations of the .Catalog of Copyrzght'Ames Sixty terminals, connected by telephoneline to the Library's central computer site. werelocated at the Crystal Mall Annex in Arlington. Va.
Support of aytiYities in the Reference Departmentincluded adaptation and installation of a computerprogram for the Division for the Blind and Physi-cally Handicapped (DDR11) that produces braillefrom machine-form text Currently under test andevaluation by iThRif, the program accepts textkeyed at a terminal and processes it to produce,standard grade 2 braille on a high-speed line printerat the Computer Service Center An experimen-tal "public terminal"- that' provides access via,S( OR PIO., nut only to the National Referral Centermaster file 'but also to approximately 100,000 bibli-ographic records in the scientific and technicalfields. was placed in the Science Reading Room ofthe Science and technology Division. The recordswere extracted from the MAR( data base. The ter-minaLis being used b6th by the division's referencelibrarians and by the public and represents an earl,and so far successful. test of syme aspects of "elec-
4^
T141 1DMINIS 1 RA 11V1 1)1,PAR I 111
Ironic caialoging." A system study of Loan Divisionadtornation Was completed and a report has beensubmitted for review. The pruposed system designuses on-line techniques for the cleatium, updating,and retrieval of informantm about materials .onloan.
Improvemtnts in the autumated pay rull systemwere made affecting health insurance, life insurance,and federal tax deductions, and further develop-ment ivf the autuiriated procurement and supplysystem. In this area a generalized file management
ra *stem was purchased to produCe various inventor'yaccounting, and statistical reports at luwer Lust thanthe develupment utmewrugrams The supplylog, maintained by the Procurement and SupplyDivision, is now produced using computer uutput.
Central Computer Services
r` The batch-workload of the Computer Service Centerexpanded tu 350-400 tubs per day during the yearand un -line data traffic approximately duubled as aresult of the marked growth in the number of ter-minals. in this period the computer power availableincreased nearly 260 percent.and there has been aconsiderable, expansiUn in un -site peripheral equip-ment, including on,-line disk storage, line printercapacity, and communications control equipment.Hardware and procedural changes were made toensure further reliability and system availability.Increased use of teleprocessing services has requiredadditional attention tu reliability in the telecom-munications system Initial steps were taken towardestablishing a telecbmmunicatiuns control and diag-nostic capability tu speed identificatiun uf failed
, and marginal circuits and providing rapid switch-over to operational lines.,
The System Development and Standards Officecontinued its improvements to the software used onthe two central processors and to the firmware usedin the two communications control processors. TheCustomer Informatiun Cuntrul System (( S) Lun-
"- trols,most teleprocessing applications in the LibraryDuring: the year the daily number uf transactiunssubmitted to ( R, S. from remote terminal users ruse'300 percent. Nudificatiuns to (I( S increased thetypes of terminals supported, supplied type-of-terminal identificatiun, provided user messages off5 news and changes, and furnished accuunting
reportsT of any errors and outages. Improvements in
4
, 203.646 0 - 76 6
ti
65
the COM T1 N li.rnmSre dllowed, increased tele-pruLessing utilization and faster terminal respuns,eume Better backup,was supplied fur user data bases
installatiun Fast Dump Reseure programthat speed?, both the creation of backup files anddata base restoration in the event of probleAts;Systerns programming .played a majo? role also inachieving smooth transitions from 370/145 to370/158 (PC's and from one to two CONITI_N's_.Performance munituring of the, teleprocessing sys-'tem was enhanced avid provided statistical data ofvalue in system desip for increased, reliabilityTeLlunual seminar.s and training programs were heldfur staff and system Users. Subjects of automatiun
,seininars included advanced Lumputer hardware,impruved programming techniques, and the use ofSCORPIO
E.
MANAGEMENT SERVICES
Arn'ong the many varied and 4timd-consumingresponsibilities uf Management Services, four wereof special concern during fiscal 1975, procurementuf additiunal spare for the expanding Library activi-ties, implem,entation of fit'e-safety systems for theMain, Annex, and James Madison Memorial Build-ings. improvement of the financial accounting sys-tem, and planning and preparation for use of thethird building
Thesafety and preparedness officer was co' n-
Lerned With several major prujects during the ear.In additiun tu the installation of the auturnaticsuppression syst.ein in the stack areas of the RarBook and Special Collections Divisiun: mentionedearlier, a fire pruteLtion engineering consulting firmwas awarded a contract to conduct a planning studyand to make recommendations for improved firecontrol in other areas of the Main and AnnexBuildings.
14uildings Minnement and Space Planning and Utilization
The search for space and evaluation of a consul-tant's study uf the organization and operation ofthe Special Police Force were the year's primaryLuncerns in the Buildings Management Office.
Since unly 10.600 uf the 70,800 square feetneeded were acquired, the uffice assumed the plan-ning uf adjustmenti and moves that, would utilize
78a
66, - RLPORT 01 rill LIBRARIAN '01t '
c)pif < cd« time?' ht.tifie I !bran, On bine 30, 191,5
ONGRE SS. 1975
.
I u,a t 10n
'.%ashingtonN/c.
- $qu.heteet,Calendar
y ear ocLupled.
{fain BliddMe. 10 1ir,t Street SL_ '6'06.000 1897
Anex Building. 110 Second Street SL 713.000 ,1939
Navy 'Yard Anne'.. Buncli4.159 ; 106.295 1964
Navy. Yard. %nnex. Building...159i. .lay lor Street Anne'.. 1291 Fay lor Street N\\. '
e15,27582.057
19641167
Ma,sak.hu,eft, AYenue Anne'.. 214 Ma,,,,r..Im,et.c, 1senue NI . 53:675 1167
Maryland
I auk,. 1 ederal Record, C enter. Suitland, 2.750 1950
I ,;der d Depot. Middle Riser 39.62M.
.1964
Doke Street Anne'. 2020 Duke Street. Alexandria 48.760 ,' 198ry ,t if Mall Anne '.. 1421 Jefferson Davi, Highway. Arlin ton 90,9.79 1969
Pickett Street-Annex, 841-881 Squth Pact t Street, Alexandria t 22.22 . 1969
*IOhio
I dm Vault, Wrivlit-Patterson Air I ort,e Base. Dayton . 10.435 1969
- Total
,
the limited available space to the best advantage-atask someWli,t like, fitting an elephant into Sdog-house. Specifically, several new C RS functions wereaccommodated by further limiting Sif study facilitiesand by reorganizing activities'. Sortie of 'the remain-,mg study facilities on deck- E were moved to thecellar Deck E was renovated and shelving installedto allow relocation of portionsoof the ForeignAt fairs and-the Education and Public Welfare Divi-sions there. The.( RS Information Systems Group.and the Issues Briefing Unit transferred operationsto the cellar. and through various adjustments onthe, st,,nd floor, offices were created for the use ofthe Natiitnal Ocean Policy Study Group and thenewly formed Bill Abstracts Unit.
TI)e C RS Supply Unit was merged into the No-curernOT arid Supply Division, thereby .vacatingspace for the Central Services records.
ProcCdures for meeting the security needs of the'Library are constantly under review by the Build-ings Management Office. During the year manyre'commendations of the consultant firm engaged tostudy the organization and operation of the SpecialPolice I orce were implemented Others arebeing evaluated
79
1.885.057
Iii response to an LC request. several governmentagencies authorized the Library to downgrade anddeclassify certain World War II holdings in theA:ol-tections.
James Madison Memorill Building
Work on the superstructure (exterior walls andstructural flours) of the James Madison MemorialBuilding progressed during the year, although per-haps less visibly, than in fiscal 1974. By the end of,the year more than 90 percent of the mar orkhad been completed. ln. addition, substantial proress had been made on the sidewalks and theplanters. 'Near .completion of the columns on thefront or Independence Avenue side of.the buildingand the erection of the flagpoles during the springof 1975 gave the structure a more finished appear-ance. At the same time the roof, the window glaz-ing, and some sidewalk areas and stonework werestill 'unfinished. Many of the construction delayswere caused by strikes in various building trades,including laborers, cement finishers, cement truckdrivs,"and roofers. Although the Phase III contras-
.
III ALAIINI'SI RA I WI 1)1 I' R I MI NI.
.
for had been expected to complete work by lateJuly 1975- it was clear by the end of the year that,an extension of his contract would be required
While Phase HI was slowly concluding, Phase Wplanning,,cuntinued At the beginning of fiscal I9"75it was anticipated that the specifications for thebuilding's final phase could be issued for bid early inthe fall of 1974 and contracts awarded in the begin-
' ning of calendar 1975 It quickly became apparentthat this schedule could not be met Many of thedifficulties encouniered in completing the Phase IVdocuments involved corrections of the architecturaldrawings and tit the drawings of the air-conditioningsystem. completion of the design for the fire-pi otection system. and related problems Phase IVwas finally issued for bid on January 30. 1975, withbids scheduled for receipt on April 16 However.,additional corrections to the drawings and specifica-tions and resulting bidder requests for extensionsdelayed the receipt i)f bids until July 23. Clearly,the contracts could not be awarded before the endof 1975. As a result. occupancy of the building isnot predicted before 1')79 ,
The staff planning the interior devoted consider-able time to reviewing and modifying layouts as aresult of changing operational requirements and up-dated staff projections of those units scheduled fur,occupancy. Special attention was given to the designof new work stations for the Copyright Office, Proc-essing Department. and Information Systems OfficeThe increasing use of computer terminals in theseand other units of fins.Library affected not only thedesign of such work stations but also their site
Umancial Management+
During the fiscal year the Library receivedS106.8M,299 tram direct appropriations, workingfund advances, transfers, and gift, trust, and servicefee tunds Included were supplemental appropria-tions of $2,094,000 to cover4ncreased Losts result-ing from the October 1974 pay raises and wagehoard raises effective at various times during theyear The Library, was .ableto absorb $534,600, or20.3 percent of the pay increase cost for fisc4year1975. Appropriations to the Architect of,the Capi-tol for use in support of the Library amounted to$1,741,000. A detailed statement of the Library'sfinancial records fig fiscal 1975 appeals in 'theappendixes.
80
67
The Budget Impoundment and Control At of1974 (P.L. 93-3441, passed by, Congress on July 12.1974. contains significant chanesior the future Itestablished a new congressional budge/ process andchanged the fiscal year beginning with fiscal 1977The adjustetifiscal year, 1977, will begin October 1.1976, and end September 30. 1977 To accommo-date this change a transition quarter beginning July1, 1976, and ending September 30, 1976, was estab-lished. In 1975 the first of the budgets for therevised period, including the transition period, wasprepared and submitted.
The 1976 budget request totaled 51 20,052,100 inall appropriations. Congress appropriated a total of5116,230.600 or 96.8 percent of the amount ,re-quested In addition, S29,106,800 was appropriatedfor the transition quarter, July 1-September 30.1976
Other significant activities of tile past fiscal yearincluded'
Modification of the appropriation language govern-ing the Administrative Provisions to allow the Li-brary to lease computer equipment independent ofthe General Services Adn'imistration
Installation of the first phase of the automatedaccounting system,
Acceptance' of a recommendation, based on a reviewof the Recording Laboratory Revolving Fund, for acomplete business accounting system for that fund.Implementation is planned in .fiscal 1976,
Disbursement by check, for the first time in thehistory of the Library, of over $100,000,000 duringthe fiscal year.
Transfer to..the Architect of the Capitol by P.L93-554 of payroll., accounting for the Botanic Gar-den, with the Disbursing Office of the Library con-tinuing to receive and disburse all funds for theGarden.
Materiel Management and Support
With continued heavy emphasis being placed in thearea of automated data proce'ssing and the corre-sponding increase in costs of equipment, specialattention was given to cost-saving approaches. As a
tips
result, substantial dollar savings were realized byplacing the Library 's twO large central processingunits and the general use c R t communications ter-minals un negotiated long -tetra agreements. Sizableprocurement activity also supported the locationand installation of special terminals with extendedchatacter sets. -
initial procurement activity in preparation foroccukanty of the 'vladison Building began during thelast quarter of the fiscal year Anclnventory of furni-ture now III use "which is suitable for transfer to thebuilding was - completed and furnished to the Budd -4mg Planning arid Buildings Management Offices. A,request lor proposals was issued to obtain offers forspecial compact book storage shelving but at theend of hscal'1975 no award had yet been made
.1-drly in the fiscal year the Procurement andSupply Division began using the Library's On-lineTaxi Processing System fur preparation of the
'supply catalog, automation of bidders' lists, andcontract preparation This is but the beginning ofThe 'autonidtion of mdny4.ibrdry procurement and
eriematl activities which, it is expected, will even-tually save, hundreds of man-hours.
Cost iv,irrgs continued to be a major concern inpurchasing activity Inflation took a heavy toll dui-mg the first two,quariters but subsided somewhatduring the last halt. Price increases varied from 8percent to over 100 percent
Throughout storage areas, improvements weremade in the utilization of available space. The Fed -eraL Theatre Project PA I materials were movedIron the Middle River storage facility to GebrgeMaori University, thereby releasing badly neededstorage space and improving- accessibility to thecollection
(enneal,Administraiive Services
RI RI PORI 01 riii LiBR \RIAN 01 (ONURI SS. 1975
nun ut correspondence and another un typographicsty le.
Certain economies were effected in reports man-agement. Cyclic reviews were completed in 59
offices, resulting in a projected savings of S162,000Visuai, information services more than doubled thisyear Because the Library's limited space is a con-tinuing preoccupation, permanent retention ofspecific record groups is being carefully reeNamineitand reevaluated.
Public telephont facilities, which were lung over-due for modernization, were updated, expanded,and relojdted to trnprove service The voice-dataequipment was incteased to meet the needs of Con-gress as well as those of the Library.
Pieces of mail TeCg'ived, opened, anal} zed, androuted during fiseal 1975 numbered 189,750 ascompared to 178719 in fiscal 1974. Last year5,141 teletype 4ss'ages were- received and 2.280sent in comparison tp this year's 6,234 and 2,379,respectively. Incoming freight, which representsadditions ur returns to the Library's collections,rose from 366,801 pounds to 412,343. Outgoingfreight, which includes material on loan, amountedto 411,827 pounds as contrasted with)60,414pounds in fiscal 1974.
The addition uf, radio equipment to the Library -'motor fleet has greatly facilitated the agency'sability to comply with the government directiveconcerning fuel conservation, as well as to improvethe service provided
In -house printing showed a marked increase asprodation in fiscal 1915 soared to 49,762,463impressions A new in-depth study was made of4iePrinting and Processing Section organization, func-tions,-and responsibility, and, by the end of thefiscal year modification of the assigned space wasunderway to improve working procedures and work.flow. Camdra copy prepared in the division totaled2,488 pages.
Man's ,need to communicate- by phone, by letter,' and .in resulted' in an extension of central
admit e services this year, largely by greaterproductiv y. f
etmgrvssional paperwork management advisorysertices were accelerated since 1974 Was an electionyear, there were 102 visits to.62 ijfeftt. Les. In responseto a request for comprehensive paperwork guidance,the 'Kiiiide lior the- Creation, Organization, andMaintenancel,t Records in Congressional Offices":,was expanded to includeoie section un the prepara-
.--i.b.,
, n
PERSONNEL
The promulgation of a new labor-management rela-tions system lughli eat arid added a new dimensionto the activitie 'of the Personnel Office, The newsystem, eff October,24, 1975, and embodiedin a Library regulation, enables Library em-
pJrye`es thruiegri the election process to decide`Whether they wish exclusive representation. The
TM. ADMINISIRAIRI DI IINRImi Ni
labor-management relations system. through collec-tive bargaining. encourages-employees to participatein decisions that affect their working conditions andto share in establishing agency personnel policiesand practices. A Labor-Management Relations andAppeals Otti Le was established within the PersonnelOffice to administer and Larry out the policies andprocedures of the new system
Fiscal 19;51 saW advances in equitable workingopportunities, improvements in employee healthcare, and an increase In personnel actions Affirma-tive actions were realized in the expansion of EqualEmployment Opportunity in upward mobility train-ing efturts. tuition grants. specialized Training.Appraisal, and Promotion 11-AP t agreements. andielated programs of mandatory supervisory orienta-tion and instruction Advances in employee healthcare and preventive medicine were accomplishedthrough improved technology, additional physical.examinations. a Lancer detection program, and spe-cial nurse practitioner training. During 1975 therewere 848 appointments and 1.254 promOtiOrs. Inall there were 9,463 total persenmel actions proc-essed during the y ear.
,PRESERVA1ION AND RISTORATIONOF COLLEC1IONS
Perhaps the most visible aLLor4tislinient in thepreservation program during 1975'was the publica-tion of the first threee,in the lung-projected series ofleaflets and of the pawl-Net Procedures. for Salvageof itater-Daniaged !Arca) Materials Leaflets nowavailable are. No 1, Selected Referentes in theLiterature of Conservation, No. 2, bivironnitla/Protection of Books and Related Materials, andNc 3,.Preserving Leather Bookbindings.
It is noteworthy, too, that the increasing reputa-tion of the Library's preservation program resultedin a glowing number of lequests:fur talks, seminars,and ?workshops by members of, the RestorationOffice staff.
Members of the Research Office were granted apatent for their invention of the double deLum-,.position method of deacidifiLation. Although this isthe first patent resulting from work in that office.ravorable action by the Patent Office in 'the,case oftwo other applicatiuns relating to newly developeddeaLidtfiLatlyn treatments is also expected.
The Collqctions Maintenance Office staff Lon-
82
69Crf
untied the work of realigning major sections uf tgeneral collections, rrfuving.more than 3.5 ionpieces Few books ,now remain on stac _floors
although much additional realigning still mains.The Restoration Office made prOgress in per-
fecting the leaf-c'asting technique on the equipment.purchased from Jstael. At th 'same time a new,larger leaf-Lasting device of refinid design was devel-oped in the Restoration Office and a contract wasawarded to a`local Lontra-tor for fabrication. but .
the equipment had not been completed at the end'of the fiscal year.
One of the more interesting projects of the yearwas the work undertaken by the Restoration Officein support of a study to analyze...the Dunlap broadsid6 (the Anted version of the Declaration ofIndependence), which was conducted un behalf ofthe American Revolution Bicentennial Office Threedifferent kinds of photographic studies were carriedout on' these rare documents as well as beta-radiugra,phiL studies of the watermarks in the paperun which each broadside was printed.
PIIOTODUPLICATION SERVICES
The Photoduplicatton Service completed a modestlysuccessful year ,during a period of generally de-pressed economic conditions. Because of the
increased sale of positive microftlm and, regularservices, and in particular photo-,
graphic contact pridts, net sales rose by 7.percent.The,aL tile sales of contact prints. were stimulated byorders from publishers and museums preparing forthe picentennial,These increases were offset to,some extent by a 4.3 percent decline in negativemicrofilm exposures which were adversely affectedby slow delivery of material for.key °riving pro-grams. Costs were up by 9.3 percent ovetjlast year,reflecting increased labor and materials cost For thesecond year the site of/the staff remained at 149.
Among staff activities, traman continued at ahigh level, with approximately 20 percent of thestaff participating in the various trainmg opportuni-ties offered by the Liblary's tuition support pro-gram and kit the job related training supported bythe Photoduplication Service Revolving Fund. Fouremployees were cited for their outstanding work.
The renovation program for the laboratories wascompleted during the fiscal year. It provided -an
I
70:
vpportianty to impILPC and replace 'photography. reqUipment aficrtionishingl"..ill areas Darkroom
JC`14'.eLl t" \ 'mire ,r niaripowerand al,', to otter a more pleasant work ent.ironment.was installed Hie nevi- ay-conditioning has- nnprot.ed working conditioLis meastaably and hasimmunized dust and dot ui tare sensitize areas
sign.irrisont fiscal change dtected.during thes ear was rhe,,n)ncersfon of PhOt0(11.1plIc.1114)11Sercice
marline Irons the c..tritract approach as part of theLibrary 'N'ait amr,enieht with the t, S Postal Ser\iceto posta4e meters The necessary equipment andsupplies were secured and the new system was in-stalled ,,n S pternher,l, 1()74
I he ritrinhe't Ott exposures of brittle hooks for thepreservation 'Int.r,itilming program increased mod.estly us et 1,1`,I year with 3 525.267 e posures (user-,(10(1.000 pages) filmed The microfilming of cur-
rerit and 1,,tricurrent serials decredsed slightly, withI 3'3,330 ain.1 80c.487 e \postires respectively.corryleted After 17 ye,trs. the program tit micro-filming tire Presidential Papers held by the Libraryof Congress 1,4 as concluded in June with the micro-filming of tit-J.-Jefferson papers Completion of thende\ willsignal the ielease of the microfilm*
The Latin American gazette and Southern Asia
r.1 4
it I POR of 1111 111312 SRI Vs (A. ( ON(,RI Ss 11"5
gaiette programs. responsibilities assumed by theLahrUry of Congress alter discussion with the \ewYork PublicLibrary were more fully implementedduring the year The Southern Asia leder 1 and stategazettes hat.e been filmed in the \ew 1111 micro-
filming facility since 1 Lkr7 For Latin' A ica, thefilming of gazettes of Boll% Id. Ecuador. Nicaragua.Panama. El Sakador..and Venezuela for the perrud1"-(70-73 was completed
llie copy right micro.tilming preservation programincluded close t6 16 million microfilm evputsures ofnoncurrent applications and renewal cards. 08.400.exposures of "Notices of Intent to Use. 1000-68-.close to I c00 e".posures of drama deposits. 1001to date. and finally more than" 301 500 current
.applicationsIn the. microform testing program for newly
acquired tlicroforms to determine the level of resid-ual hypo (sodium or ammonium thiosulphale thesafety characteristics of the film base and Imagedefinition declined by 299 reels over the previousyear These submissions resulted in rejection recm-niendations for almost lialf of the 613 reels sub-mitted. In April the service began using themethylene blue test as recommended by the Amer!.
Fiscal 1975 In the Copyright Office was a year (.41general, if not exactly steady, progress One majurgoal, the automation of the copyright catalogingoperation, was acIttp.ved with great difficulty butON entual success. Thcte was accelerated movementtoward , tte long- awaited general revision of thecopyright law of the Unrteil Statesand the Copy-right Office played a leading rule in several signifi-cant international copyright devehipments Effortsto improve the quality and efficiency of the office'swork and the job satisfaction of its staff c,ontinued,and systematic management planding for the futureincreased in both scope and momentum. Pervadingevery aspect of the activities during the year wasstartling growth in workload, the largest annualink rrike in lotal registrations in the 105-year hist()of the Copyright Office.
'
ADMINISTRATIVE. DIVI.LOPI ENT'S
In a 13-page memorandum addressed u the Librar-ian of Congress un September 25,19 , the registerof copyrights sought to articulate both the generaland the specific objectives to be attained by' theCopyright Office during the decade beginning infiscal 1975 This document, which was circulatedwidely to the staff, expresses not only an ambitiouslong-range legal, international, and administrativeprogram fur the office, but alsuis,ue,sses the impor-tance of a consistent and well-fudged managementphilosophy fur achieving it Among other things, it
84
emphasizes the need to establish an atrilosphere ofenthusiasm, job satisfaction, teamwork, and mutualtrust and respect within the office and completeequal* of opportunity, tangible -and early recogni-tion of accomplishment, and the best possible work-ing conditions and job environment. for every staffmember. Concurrently, the office would seek toimprove the efficiency of operations b,y puttingrenewed' emphasis on maximum service to the
public, on excellence' in every phase of the wort:,and on initiative, imagination, and flexibilityadapting to change.
Fiscal 1975 saw a genuine effort to translate thesewords into deeds. As a step in this direction theregister and 'deputy tegister. later joined by theexe,cutive officer. held a series of meetings with allof the personnel of the Copyright Office. At thesefour ail-day sessions-. individual staff members wereencouraged to raise any general or specific mattersinvolving management that. Were of concern 16them. The meetings were stimulating, challenging,and difficult for both'management and employeesThey produced some immediate action and, at leastin certain cases, increased mutual understanding andrespect. In par.tacular, there was new emphasis onthe quality as well as the quantity of the work to beperformed and on individual responsibility for pro-ductivity.
The Copyright Office as well as the Library ofCongress reached a, milestone in automation withthe establishment of the first major on-line Catalog-ing system in the Library. Known by the acronym
71
°P`( opy right Office Publication anu Inter-act! e (ataloging Sy stem), it is aimed at the autumatior, of all the a.tp.ities at the C, ,p% righ) ( atalognig/Dnisurn Included in the sy xtenli.Lre
Preparation and editing of catalog entries oneringall copy right registrations, now totaling some420 135 separate entries annually
Duplication and sorttniz of all catalog cards currently totaling about I 2c cards per y ear
.
Reproduction ut copy for all parts of the (.il.d/og(, I writ s now running about I 1 000printed pages each y ear
Testing ot the ( UPI(s suttware. which was dad-oped hy the Intormation Systems Ottice ut theLibrary 's ,1dministrati%c Department. got underwas shortly atter the start of the fiscal sear In
September. h0 sided terimnals were installed in the( upy right Oftice in Arlington. . and I. unneLtedby telephone lines to the Library 's computers unCapitol Hill Thereupon .( S became opera-tional. first with the cataloging of sound reL:ordIngs.then with the "arts'' classes, next with music. andfinally with honks I3y the end of the fiscal year allof the ( ataloging Doisiun's operations were auto-0mated except Jhuse unyoking periodicals. Asign-mews and relined documents. notices of use. andnotices of intention to the Software to handle theeclasses of maternal was in preparation as the yearended s ,
I ti.ry one expected problems in implementing asystem of the magnitude of 0PR s, but instead ofthe anticipated hugs in the sult .are. the majorproblems arose film the hardware and the fact thatthe Lomputers were in a different city arikd tele-phone nubdiction from the terminals In operationthe ( UPI( S program itself pruned tu he well de-signed, and the inattable software problems wererelatnely minor and capabre of efficient solution,Strenuous efforts were made by the InformationSystems Office and the Copyright Office to improvethe system's hardware and its servicing with somepositing results in early NLAember 1974, however.it was decided tu return to manual operations untilthe reliability of the equipment and comniuniciationhad markedly unproved. A gradual return to un -line-cataloging in late December :14424 revealed that in
RI PORI 01 III! I IBR \" 01 ( 0 \ORE SS 1974
general the reliability ut the sy stem imprused. but anew problem of response time (the elapsed Perrot]between the time the computer is addressed and thetime it answers) arose. worsening as the M A RC on-line actnities began Acceptance testing of COPT( S.which had begun in January 197.5Avas extended Atthe wry end of the fiscal year. additional hardwareinstalled at the Library 's Computer Center resultedrn furjher improvements. and COPI('S was formallyaccepted shortly after the close of fiscal 1975
Despite the struggle to get it Installed and fullyoperational ( 011( S can only be judged a success a
huge step forward in the work processing methodsof the Copy right Office that has not only producedimmediate benefits but will also provide the founda-tion on which the office's efficient discharge of itsrecord-keeping responsibilities will be built in theyears to come. A.duplicative manual operation hasheel.] replaced by an automated system that reducesthe clerical aspects of cataloging to a minimum.eliminates a number of repetitious steps. and, with-out delay. airwmatically produces presorted cards.book-form and microform catalogs. and a compre-henSp.,e machine-readable data base. which will exen-tually allow searching by automated means Someof these marvels are already a reality, and all ofthem are within reach With these capabilities at,hand, and with most of the growing pains overcome.the Copyright Office can look toward absorbing theadded recordkeeping responsibilities that will ac-company enactment of the general revision bill withmore assurance than would otherwise be possible
Acceptance of coPR S has meant the phasing outof an entire section in the Cataloging Division, all ofthe duties performed by the Editing and PublishingSection. which had been responsible for productionof the book-form catalogs. will shortly be per-formed by machine The impact of this Nang unthe 30 individual employees in the section wasanticipated well in adsance of the implementationof the necessary reduction-in-force (KII ) proce-dures Toward the end of the fiscal year consider-able effort was expended in finding suitablepositions for all of these employees in other sectionsand divisions
Further efforts to begin implementation of theadministrative objectives of the Opyright Office, asset forth in the register's mem randum of Septem-ber 25. 1974, were under tak with respect to thestructure and work-handling ethods of all four linedivisions and the staff rganization within the
I III «in R!(,111 01 I
Office of the Register In the Ranutungexperiments'insulsing a greater use of tethincl'ansand a team approach to Hr.! e\ainuarr.2" processappeared to be successful as the fiscal year 4: nded Athorough examination of prodUction esaluation tothe Cataloging Distsion, including questions of
quotas, standards, individual cataloger responsi-
bilities, and team approaches, was 'also undertakentoward the close of the year A reorganization'afiecting the Retezrence. Service and ( atalogiu.gDis isms resulted in the estahlishment.ofIre Refer-ence. Division of a new Certification, and Docu-ments Section to prepare Lendi,anons additionalcertificates of registration and other documentsbased oh the records of the Copy right Ottice Trans-ter of this operation was accompanied by the estab-lishment in the Service Dimon of a new FilesServices and Adininistratise Support Unit in theMaterials ( ontiol Section and a restructuring of thetiling operations in that section As part 01 theremonization, the licrofilm Protect, which had `been established in I 9()s to undertake the micro-filming of the unique and irreplaceable Copy rightOffice records, sicas mused from the ( ataloging tothe Reference Divisvirt
Planning continued throughout the year on whatis probably the most immediate and difficult proc-essing problem in the Copy right Office, the des elop-!tient of an automated sy stem to handle all of the .
fiscal, work-flow, and control -functions invoked inthe gigantic copyright paperwork operation The
present manual system is inadequate to deal withthe LonStiiiiti!, increasing current workload andcould hot cope with We procedures that would benecessary to implern'ent the revision of the .,opyright law the register's memorandum of September25, 1974, punted out that the registration-depositsystem posited in the 'revision bill insolses a tremen-dous increase in regular workload In addition, thesystem is radically different from the present one.making it imperative to plan an entirely new systemfor the future as well as a carefully cunceised;detailed operation of transition from the old to thenew, "Hence: the memorandum continued, it is
not only imporuInt to get the old system as fullyautoutated and debugged as possible before the rei-sum bill is vacted. but also to platiinto that systemthe capability of making the transition to the newsystem Whether the copy right law is revised ornot:the memorandum laid out the following goalsfor art automated operation
.
8J
%, 73
I l!iniiiation tjt dup preparation ot the me
records
Ps, sibility for each step in the pfucess to drat, onthe' data generated previously `
(unti iI of and immediate access to each case pend-,'mg in the office
nsurance of even flow of work and immediateidenTitication of buttlenecks
linprUlernen1 In the of ficiency and safeguards of the( opy right Office's accIionting methods
Prosishm of updated, readily accessible, and Lon-SIStent in-process records
The need for automation of the CopyrightOttice's current work-processing system, for therestructuring of the work-handling methods and,organizatiun throughout the Copyright Office, andfor the realistic possibility of enactment of the gen-eral revision bill made it necessary to reorganize thestaff ,ot the Office of the Register itself This stepinsoked reestablishment of the position of execu-tise officer as head of the Administrative Officesz.ith responsibility for the effective day-to-dayadministration of the Copyright Office, togetheirwith the establishment of a Planning and TechnicalAlice responsible for automation and implementa-tion -.of the revised law. The reorganization alsoaffected the Office of the General Counsel, with thecreation of the post of assistant general counsel andthe reactivation of the Copyright Office's centralsubject files
The Congressional, Budget and Impoundment( tmtrol Act of 1974, which for the first timerequired legislative 1- genies like the Library of Con-
'>ress to prepare Live -year budget projections, pro-sided valuable impetus to long-range planning forthe Copyright Office. particularly with respect tothe impact of general revision, of the copyright lawIn the next decade It forced management to cometo grips in detail with what revision ,would mean interms of organization, 'personnel. and funding Thecomprehensive plan, developed. by a task forceheaded by the deputy' register, was an eye-openerand has already proved its significance f the futureo4 the Copyright Office ,
There were several key management appointments
I 1.
74 It I NOR I 01 1171 I 111K >R11 \ 01 ( N0It vs,r 19'S
during tis:11 10-5, Robert D Stesens. Jean of theGraduate School of Library Science at the [nisei-sits ot Hasson ietiirried t the I ihrars (
is chief ot the Copy right ( ataloging Disisicm liereplaced 1-e6 J C'ooney the mater architect oti ()Pit: ti to sawn the office owes a permanentdebt , John I- Daniels' who had seised as associateassistant administrator for managenierit'sersic,:s and.h budget and e ecutise officer ot the Federal
rierg. Administration nas named to the newlyreid..isatea post ot e \ccutise ioficer 1) t the Cop!,-o4it Office Herbert 0 Roberts, Jr w,l appointedassist ant chief of the f \attuning Disision and Or-lando ( ariposot the Sers
On June I 1975 alter more than 35 }ears ofsersict.:_iri the ( opy right Office Meriam C. Jonesretired \IN Jtie, appointed head" of the Cuntpli-ance Section ot the Reference Disisloh when it wasestablished in 1948 played o dominant rule inmaking policy acid formulating procedures forimplementation of the mandatory registration) re-quirements ot the copy right statute
( (tP Riorr Bt SS Vsn Pt BL I( IIIONS
the best IrideA of the oserall 'sire of the CopyrightQltice wor4doad is the e4hital number of copy rightregistrations, which totaled 401- 274 in fiscal I975'This was the first time regist.rations passed the400.000 mark. and it represented the largest annualworkload in the Illstof> of the oft More sigmti-cant. the increase over fiscal 1974, al's° a rcord-hr,y,iiilsitig year. amounted 7 6 percent: of 28.4,42tuTtcrstra turns, the largest }.early increase in registramins to date. slightly Surpassing tire 28.071 figure'chalked (IP in 1947 during the pust scar hootri. It wasalso the laigest annual percemage-increae for motethan a quarter of a centay. since that same boomyear of 11247
Ihistannuul report covers the year 'marking theend of the third quarter, of the 20th century . and aanyway ot registration statistics is thus, apPro-prime as well .0 ultcresUng and ecucitite The
( op} riglif, 'Office was established as part of theLibrary of liMgress in 1870, and' in 18714 the firstlull year of operation, iregktratrons tutdled neatlyL'i,-Kilf) By 1876 they had reached about 15.000:did in the 2.5_y(liajs between 1876 and 1906 they ,
more than quintal-rival rising to Just under 95.000 atotal percentage increase of user 53(21; percent. and
s
41-87'
,.an ascrage arintiol incre:ise 01.11.4 percent,119> pre-cipitate grossth declined in ,flie tint qiArter een-tun the figure climbing from about 93000 in 1901.to slightly less than 166.000 in (1925, ci total per-'centage increase of 78 percent and an aser.rieannual percent During the 5 yearsWorn 1926 to 1960 registrations leseled off esenmore. rising from about 178.000 tu,,211.000. a totalpercentage increase ot 18 percent, and an average
,_anntiaf increase of only one percent In the past 25years the upward trend resumed, doubling from200 000 in 1951 to user 400.000 in 1975 For themust recent quarter century. registrations hale risena total of 100 perc*ent, representing an averageannual increase of 2 6 percent The aseta'ge annualincreases since 1970 have been around 5 percent.but esen compared to that figure. the 7 6-percentincrease in 1975 is impressive
lit, handling its 1975 workload the CopyrightOffice processed some 428.000 applications andrecoided a total of nearly 16.000 notices of use.notices of intention to use, and assignments andrelated do'curneuts _Fees amounting to S2.447.000were deposited in the U S. Treasury. Some 633.000separate- articles were received as deVosit,i..opies. andof therse nearly 378.000 were transferred to otherdepartMentri- of the Library Among the variousclasses of registrations. musical compositionschalked' up the largest increase, followed by hooksand: to a lesser,extent. periodicals Siguticant an-nual percgritage increases were seen-in registrationsfor worksiof art.'reproductions of works of art, andrenewals -
During the fiscal year the Coprtight Office dis-tributed more than 50 new or resised publications,consisting mostly of information circulars ' andannouncements of national and internalwrial copy-right deselopments Ili also issued the regular annual
. and semiannual Publications of the vinous parts ofthOcatalog of C'qplirtglit Littnes, but with somesignificant changes On January. 9, 1975. the first ofthe hook-form r::atalo to be produced with ,the useof ( (1PIC5 wa pu ed. T is milestone volumecovered sound recordings class N) registered furcopyright in 1972 As the fisl.al yeztr ended. theEditing and Publishing Section in the CatalogingDisision sops completmg the, last of the catalogs tohe produced manually, hehceforth all of the finalcopy of the book-form catalogs will be producedfrom LC computer tapes
Significant changes will be made in the contents
)
Ulf ( OF1 KUM! of 11(I 75
of two parts of the published book -form catat;ags.The director's of publishers. which had been
dropped from thennap (class F) segment of thewill be reinstated and. in the tuture, catalog
entries for sound recordings (class N) will includenot only a' general album title hut. where the albumcontains individual selections, the contents titles'aswell
NERAL IMO% Of NIL (ofq MOUT LAV%
The 20th of the current program for generalrevision of the copy right law was the most activeand significant since I 967 when the bill passed theHouse of Representatives and was the subject of lullhearings in the Senate During fiscal 1975 the latest.version of the revision bill passed the Senate and fullhearings in the House got under way. The bill wasmoving torward rapidly as the year began, and itsmomentum accelerated as the months passed By
the end of the year the talk about the bill had
mitiee not Only extended the cable television andperformance royalty sections but also deprived theproposed Copy right Royalty Tribunal of the respon-sibility for periodic review of the annual royalty forjukebox performances
The Senate debate on the revision bill began onSeptember 6, 1974. and ended with a favorable voteon ,Septeinbler 9, 1974. The most controversial issueproved to be section 114. which would have createdrights, subject io compulsory licensing, requiringbroadcasters, jukebox operators. arid music servicesto pay royalties for playing copyrighted soundrecordings The "sports blackout" provision of thecable televisioin section. and the pcissibility of tribunal review of the Jukebox royalty,, also figuredprominently in the debate In the end, -the "per-formance royalty" and "sports blackout provisionswere deleted from the bill, the jukebox royalty wasmade unreviewable, anti some other amendmentswere added None of the changes were central to thebasic purpose or structure of the bill
When the final Senate -vote came it was over-
ceased to be "whether" and was becoming "when." whelming 70 ayes and one nay Although there was
,/, noted in last year's anngal report, the event no time left in the 93d Congress for the House ofthat triggered this dramatic legislative revival was Representatives to complete work on S. 1361. the
the Supreme Court's definitive decision on copy- : general opinion was that the revision bill had under-
right and cable television in Teleprompter Corp v gone a remarkable recovery and that the state of itsColumbia Broadcasting System, Inc , 415 U.S. 394 Health was quite good.
(1974). Action on the pending revision bill (S. At the beginning of the 94th Congress the revision
1361) resumed almost immediately, and fiscal 1975 bill, in the form in which it passed the Senate, was
began with the first of several fecent developments introduced in b h Houses. The Senate bill. S 22,
in the general revision program. Op July 3, 1975, was introduced Senator ,John L. McClellan on
the Senate Judiciary Committee reported the bill January 15, 1975 and an identital House version,
favorably, with some amendments and a 228-pagereport (S Rept No. 93.983). By far the most con-troversial issues in the reported bill involved theprovision establishing a roy afty for the public per-torpiance of sound recordings (*section 114). and the
provisions on cable television dealing with ( A TVcarriage of broadcasts of sporting events (section111).
Mainly hey;diSe of these two issues, which in vary- .ing degrees had some implications for communica-tions policy, the Senate Committee on Commerceasked that K.). 1361 bevreferied to it for considera-tion. In an unusual move, the copyright bill wasreferred ,to that committee. but only for 15 daysOn July 29, 1974, the Senate Commerce Committee '
also reported the bill (S. Rept. No 93. 1035), with'further amendments and a 92-page report The
amendments proposed by the. Commerce Com-
H.R. 2223, was introduced by RepresentativeRoberrW. Kastenmeier on January 18, 1975
Senate review of the bill by the Subcommittee onPatents. Trademarks, and Copyrights included con-sideration of a proposal (known informally as the"Mathias amendment") that would create a newcompulsory' licensing system fot performances ofnondramatic literary and musical works on publicradio and television. Oil April 13, 19.75, the sub-committee reported the bill favorably to the fullSenate Judiciary Committee 'with a number ofamendments. Although the "Mathias amendment"was jiOt included in these, it produced, among the
interests invblved, a number of meetings aimed atresolving the issue thrtugh voluntary licensing
The Senate subcommittee's most controversial. amendment was its restoration of the provisions for
periodic review of the royalty rate for jukebox
4
88'
76 RI PORI 01 OH 11138 \RI s\ 01 (ONGRI SS 1975
pertortrlins;es ()t special interest to the ( opy rightOffice the aritindruentsit had recommended as
.,Lparare tai,; regi,trati,nand other ( opy right Office tunctions and sen,icesand to allow authors to zl,r.,..up contributions to penirdicals in a single application tot Nghirarion under...stun) circumstances
Hearings on the revision 141 the first in the !louseit Re'presentatp,es since 1964'. began before the
(louse Judiciars Subcommittee on ( fruits CIO1.0)erties, and Administration of Justice on Ma 7ltc; Roug,111, 15 class i f II ita,e hearings were pry-
Jc:cred Hid eight id these lad been held by the end($t rite fiscal sear
ON Ma% 7 197; the hearings were opened withrc,rirnoriN Jubn Lurcli/ Acting Librarian of
0 trim 'Oldham L Kaininstem. formerregastel dips rights and one uf.the principal archi-tects ot 'he general reosifilibill and from BarbaraRinger the present iegister In her extensive open-
-nig testimony, Ms Ringer sought to put the bill inhistorical pcispo. toe. o pinpoint the !lunar issuesremaining- to he settled and to answer the sub-committee's moral questions about the substantngecontent and status of the legislation The sesen prin-cipal issues identified in her testimony Were
( able telexision
Lthrar> ph otucupy mg
, ,lair use and redounction tot educational acid whol-aFly purposes
Public and`nonprotit broadcasting
Royalty frntukebrrepertormance
Mechanical royalty for use of music incordings
Royalty for, pertunnance of recordings
Related issues unolcecktfie proposed Copy rightRuy.alty tribunal.' and the register also noted thelikebuud of issues .arising in connection with the"manufacturing clause" arid the tights of graphicartists and designers
The next day. representato.es of the Departmentsof State, Justice. and Commerce presented the viewsof thleir agencies um the bill, and on May 14 and 15_
sound re-
8
the subcommittee heard testimony on libraryphotocopy nig. fair use and proposals for exemp-tions c,%ering certain educational uses Hearingswere also held on June 3. 5. 11, and 12. 1975, atwhich the main topics debated were the mkebu.royalty rodev.. the entire question of copy right
of cable teloision s;stems, and the CopyrightIris ally tribunal
Although the subcommittee was presented with anumber of interrelated issues and subissues. it wasapparent as the 197; hearings drew to a close thatthe areas of agreement -far exceeded those of dis-agreement and that the bulk of the bill hadremained almost entirely unchanged since it passedthe House in I967 Fundamental prosisions such asthe establishment of a single federal copyright sys-tem, duration based on the life of the author plus50 years. ownership and transfer of rights, subjectmatter, and formalities are intact, and they repre-sent the heart of Title I of the legislation
Title II of the bill conspts of what had, originallybeen separate comprehensive legislation for the pro-tectiom of ornamental designs of useful articles.based on copy right principles Beginning in the early1950's, and for more than a decadq thereafter, theCupykright Office hid worked long and hard for theenactment of this design bill. which has Alreadypassed the Senate on three occasions It is ehcour-aging that this legislation has now been made a partof the program for general revision of the copyrightlaw and shlireC the momentum of the tevision bill
01111 R COPYRIGIIE LEGISLATION
In addition to the general revision bill it:sell, fiscal1975 saw considerable legislative activity in the
copyright area. much of it rebated, however. to therevision oC the copyright law
'Elie 1975 "Short
Three matters dealt with in the general revision billWere considered by Congress as Loo urgent to awaitlinal action on, the omnibus legislanon and weremade the subject of a separate measure. This "shorthill" was Passed by both Houses and. In a real legis-lative clitylianger, was signed into law on the lastday of calendar I 974. -
'Hie first of these matters involveil permanent
[Ill OPNRICIFI 0111( 1 77
4later the same day. the last do of the 93d CongressThe legislation (Public Law 93-573) was signed byPre*sident Ford on December 34. 1974, only a fewhours before the record piracy legislation and some
_150,000 renewal copyrights were scheduled toexpire
The last-minute legislative action had a furtherregenerative effect upon the general revision pro-gram. Specifically, the two-year extension of expir-ing renewals t the ninth in a series going back to1962) was based on the assumption that the omni-bus package (which would give all subsisting copy-rights a total term of 75 years) could be enactedmto law by the'end of 1976.
Congressional establishment of c ONTU (NationalCommission on the New Technological Uses ofCopyrighted. Works) in advance of general revisionalso reflects a' sense of urgency concerning the un-settled copyright questions within the commission'smandate M stated in the neW stattn'"The purposeof the commission is to study and compile data on
Reproduction acid use of copyrighted works ofauthorship
federal legislation to combat record and tape piracyIn 1971, Congress amended the present law to utterfederal copy right protection against unauthunredduplication of sound recordings fixed on ur afterFebruary 15, 1972. However, it did su only on atemporary basis. and the "record piracy" amendmerit was scheduled to expire on December 31.1974, unless extended in the meantime On August21. 1974. the House Judiciary' Subcommittee onCourts, Civil Liberties, and the Admimpation ofJustice reported favoragly a bill (1-1.R 13364) intro-duced by its chairman. Representative Kastenmeier.to make the amendment permanent and to increasethe' criminal penalties for piracy and cuunterteitmgof copy rigJited recordings The Kastenmeier bill, as
.anitivded, was tasurably reported by the full Houseitidiciary Committee on September 30. 1974 (H.Dept, ,"0. 93-1389), and passed the House Repre-sentatiVesk under suspension of rules, by a two-thirds nonce vote on October 7, 1974
Meanwhil . on 'September 9. 1974, immediatelyfollowing Senate passage ()tthe general revision bill.Senator Mctlellan had introduced S, 3976, aninterim package consisting of provisions similar to
'the Kastenmeier record piracy bill but with some-what higher criminal penalties: a provision toevend. until DKember 31. 1976, renewal copy-raits otherwise scheduled to Aline at the end of1974, and provisions establishing a ,National Com-mission on New Technological Uses of CopyrightedWorks. Since all these provisions were covered in thegeneral revision hill, the Senate passed S.-3976 onSeptember' 9 within minutes following its intro-.duction.
On November 26, 1974, the House Judiciary Sub-committee, under Representative Ka4.tenineler'schairmanship, held hearings on S. 3976: The onlywitness was the register of copyrights, who wasasked to testify tin the extension of expiring re-newals, the National Commission, and the present
'status of copyright`law revision. No testimony wassought with respect to the antipiracy provisions ofthe bill, since the llotise had already acted favorablyuptin the subjectAllie ill was reported by the sub-cuminittee to the Ft use Jiidiciary Committee
'with some amendments on ecember 10, 1974, andby the full committee to the Houst of Represen-tatives on December 12, 1974 (H. Rept. No.93-158Iy. On December 19, 1974, the bill passedthe House by a vote of 292 to 101, and the bill asamended by the House Was accepted by the Senate
Ay"
Nv
(a) in conjunction with automatic systems capableof storing, processing, retrieving, and transferringinformation, and
(b) by various forms of machine reproduction,not including reproductions by or at the requestof instructors for use in face-to-face teachingactivities
Creation of new works by the' application or inter-venotion of such automatic systems or machinereproduction.
In addition to conducting studies and compilingdata. C ON t U is required to make recommendationsfor legislatiok. Its first report glue within one yearof the colTission's first sitting, and the deadlinefor its final report' is December, 31, 1977. Althoughthe members of the, commission were not appointeduntil after the end of the fiscal year, Congressappropriated funds to support the commission'swork during fiscal 1976
Registration Fees
The fees charged by the Copyright Office for itsservices an established by statute,' and the last
7
amendment incr,:a:ang the tee .,1,edule wa.enastedin 19(,5 file basic registration tee lids remained atso tir I) '.ear. ratio troirl tees tooperating ,,kts has de,.lined to 43 pe,icent and atthe Librarian's iequest hills to remedy thi;.situationsvere introdiked in the Senate hs Senator \IL(IS :OW September 4 1974) and in the House utRepre.entati\,es h Representalp.e KdstenmererIII R 1ht101 September I I 1974) No action wd.taken n either ,dt these separate bilk during the+'d (urlgrss ilihough the proisions ut S 3960were all IIIL,Ipmalid III the general 1-0,11111 bill. SI 'MI and passed the Serrate in that torm ori4Septeinhei 9 1't75
,ollicwhat altered sermon ut the Inc bill wastile (LW! Corigiess hs Representame
Kasten ileiel Cif R 71.4) May 1975) Like itsprL1e. e,or ii R -149 would reidiw the tee-sched-
.
'111: and peanut registration of unpublished works.inall classes ut material In addition tins legislationwould .illuss collectRe registrauidn of.certam coffin-billions to periodicals !Hist publtslied within a gisetione-year pets id and would proide proceduresaimed at tacilitatiig the voluntari, licensing of cop,-it:tilted works for use III IC LC programs tor theHind and piny ska ly handle, pped It would also got:the rogisici some discretion r, eAterid %.,irious filingdeadlines in ..,i.e, where delays result trom postaldisruptions
(able Ides ision
Another measuri, to amend the current copy rightLox was iiitroducc d by Delegate .1ntorno Bolo WonPat of Guam on March 14. 1975 This bill (II R.4965) dealt with the iideotapink of broadcasts 'fortraikinission by cable teloision systems in areas
out,nle Ihe L I int awn td1 United States and wasclo'scly relatcd to amendments already accepted by
Senate III The onitext of the gt!neral revion
Performance Royalties fur swim! Recordings0
1s oiled ahoe, the 1973 general revision bill (S13h1) originally pruyided fur a compulsory' licensingsystem under which royalties would he paid forbroadcasts and othet public performances of soundNon-dings lhts proision was deleted when theSenate passed the bill WI September 9, 1974ind
91.
RI P(IR I ()I. till I \\ (11,(0\(,R1 SS 1975
was riot restored in the 197 rokion bill The pro-posal was kept alt\,e, liowe.er, through the introduc-tion ut se crate bilk in the term of an amendmentto the current 1"09 copy right sta e Senator HughScott introduced the tirst stf ties! bills as S 1111on March 7, 1975, and a companion measure. H R.5-345, w.,1) introduced by Repres'entato.e George T.Dailielson on March 21, 1975 tepresentatRe..
Da nelson. joined by Representatoe H rold E. Ford,introduced the saint: bill as 11 R 7059 on May 19,
and again, on June 10. 1975, he cosponsoredit as H R 7750 with Representatives Bella S Abrug,Alphortio Bell, Robert W Edgar. Robert N. Giaimo,\lark Wlanpatord, Floy d V Hicks, Andrew J.Hinshaw. James G OHara. Frederick W Richmond.Stephen J Sufart. Fortney H. Stark. and FrankThompson, Jr Yet another identical performanceroyalty bill was introduced by RCpICSellta41VeDonald J. !Mitchell as 11 R 8015
Legislative Proposals Related to Copyright
On January 15, Seitatiir Mc( lellan introduced twobills that would affect the law of copyright Thefirst IS I
)ssmild completely revise the federal crim-
inal code As pant of this revision, such penalties inthe Copyright Code (Title 17) as the one for makinga false affidavit in seeking registration of a claim tocopy right mul,the one for the knowing infringementof copyright for. profit would be increase4. Theother measure, S N, the latest in a series of bills, isintended to establish 'a uniform body of federalunfair competition law.
Mice bills intr4iduced in the 94th Congress are'iltned at easing t ie current ta\ disadvantages ofauthors, artists. and composers when they donatetheir manuscripts, paintings, and similar propertyfor a charitable purpose H.R. 6057, introduced byRepresentatives John Brademas, Edward f Koch,Frank Thompson, Jr., and Alfonio Bell on April 16,1975, is the companion of.S.1435, introduced bySenator Jabob J. Jams on Apr4I 15, 1975. The thirdbill to amend the Internal Revenue Code for tinspurpo,e is H.R. 6829, introduced byoRepresenta-nves Edward I. Kogh, EdwAd Beard, Phillip Burton,Joshua Falberg, Michael J. Harrington, Richard LOttinger, Thomas M Rees, Benjamin S. Rosenthal,James If Scheuer:Giadys N Spellman, Benyamm A.Gilman, and Abner J. Mikva on Ma-y 8, 1975.
On December 19, 1974, President Ford signed
fflk COPY L 011 1( 1
into law the Presidential Recordings and MaterialsPreservation Act I Public Law 93-5261. which has,definite copy right implications The expressed pur-pose of this legislation is twofold to preserve andprotect tape recordings. documents.-and other mate-
; nals relating to the presidenc,ot Richard Mand prepare appropriate access to them. and to.establish 4n independent commission to study thedisposition of records and- docuMenis of all federalofficials. Former President Nixkfn has challenged the
,consuaLtionality of Title 1 of the act. which pro-vides, that it the court should decide PresidentNixon holds property rights le.g common lawcopy right) in the papers and tapes. the governmentshould purchase the material through an eminentdomain prokeeding Fide II provides for the crea-tion of a Public Docuinent; Commission to studyproblems anal questions with respect to control. dis-position.,and preservation of records and documentsof federal officials. The 17-member commission.which includes the Librarian of Congress, is directed
lo make, specific recommendations for legislation,rules, and procedures a% may be appropriate regarding'the disposition of documents of federal officials.
INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT
Responding to an invitation from the chairman ofthe newly created Ail-Union Copy right Agency 6fthe USSR I % AAP). the register of copy rights-headed a delegatitm of U.S. government officialswhich visited Moscow and Leningrad in October1974. The delegation. winch included the deputyregister. the general counsel of the Copyright Office.and the director of the Office ut Business Practices,Department of State. met" with the chairman.deputy chairman, and other officials of VAAP overa period of more than a week. They discussed awide range of problems. mostly relating to the inter-pretation of newly enacted USSR copyright legisla-tion and the effect of this legislation un dealingsbetween.U.S:' and Soviet publishers.
In December 1974, a delegation of six VAAP offi--oats. headed by the chairman, Boris Pankin, visitedthe United States and renewed the dialogue withtheir U.S. counterparts which had begun in October.During their three-day stay in Washington. Chair-man Pankin and his delegation toured the Copy rightOffice and further. discussed, point by point, therough draft of a memorandum covering topics dis-
A
. '79
cussed earlier in Moscow These included royaltiesand taxes.reprographic reproduction, publicaiion ofworks 'by Soviet duthurs for which the contractauthunring publication was nut handled by \ AAP.performing rights. retroactivity. notice of copyright.and Soviet treatment of U S. gaerntnent publicattons.
From May 20 to May 22, 1975. Dorothy Schra-der. general counsel of the Copyright Office.attended the first meeting of the Joint 1, S /USSRWorking Group on Intellectual Property in Moscow.Preliminary agreements were reached on severalissues, rehrting to the protection of intellectual prop-erty and procedures for future activities of theworking group
The first meeting of the Intergovernmental Copy-_
right Committee, forma under the Universal Copy-right Convention as revised in 1971: was held inParts on June 2 and 3. 1975. The U.S. delegationconsisted of the register of copyrights and the gen-eral counsel of the Copyright Office Ms. Ringer waselected as the first chairman of the 1971 intergov-ernmental committee and presided at the meetingThe purpose of the meeting was principally organi-zational and included adoption of rules of proce-dure governing the future meetings of the IGCCOne of the important rules adopted concerned thetransition between the Intergovernmental CopyrightCommittee of the 1952 Geneva version of the Uni-versal Copyright Convention and the new MCC"Under this rule, lots were drawn at the/first sessionto determine when the terms of office of the 18members ended. The term of the United States willend at the close of the second ordinary session in1977.
An imphrtant international meeting on reprographic reproduction of copyrighted works was'heldfrom June 16 to June 21. 1975, in \Vashington. D.C.The 'meeting consisted of subcommittees of thegoverning bodies of both the Universal and the,Berne Copyright Conventions, and was aimed at disLcussion of the ,entire fang Of copyright problemsrespecting photocopying and other forms of fac-simile copying and reprography,'. The meeting washeld at the invitation of the United States govern-ment. with the Department of State and the Copy-right Office Jointly providing staff support andhospitality. The head of the U S. delegation was Ms.Ringer. register of copyrights, and the alternatehead was Harvey J. Winter, directoc of the Office ofBusiness Practices at the Department of State. Other
'92
mernhers of the S delegation werel ( lark Ham-ilton, deputy register it cop% rights \Is, Schrader,general counsel and Letki, I lack, attorney-adviserut tk Copy right Otfice. and Damon LaBrle,
cOlTittlerclal otticer in the Otfce tit BusinessPractices ut the Department ut State
lnder the chairmanship of I J G Rods head ofthe .deleganon of the United kingdom the meetingof the two subcommittees lasted torNtven day s andproduced a 111.1,,It e, 40-pace report thirty-threecountries and seven mierpational nongovernmentalwpm/atom, %Acre rpresenkd 1t ter ail e tc`ft-W..e
general discusslon 01 the problems Ail reprography invarious countries, the suhrect matter vas divided for0m,ideratiin under the tollow mg headings
Methods of Remuneration and Controlla I Contractual schemes(h) Sfatutorn schemes
Surcharge on equipment
( sefs of ReprographyPrivate Users
(b) Nonprofit libraries, archives, documentationcenters, and public scientific research institutionsIc) kfticational institutionsId) Commerical enterpriseslet Government otfices
Special Prohlerns of Developing Countries
Procedural Questions
At the end of the meeting, the delegates adopteda resolution leaving it with the countries "to resolvethis pr'ohlem by adopting any appropriate measureswhich. respecting the provisions of the IBerne andUniversal Copyright Convent -ions] establishwhatever is best adapted to their9ducational, cul-tural, social and economic development A keypoint in the resolution was a recommendation thatul 'those States where the use of processes of repro-graphic reproduction is widespread, such Statescould consider. among other measures. encouragingthe CSidhllshillt2111 ul cUllt2L11,,C 1), ',terns to exerciseand administer the light to remuneration
During the last week of the fiscal yea!, from June23 to June 27, 1975. the Decond s>sion of the Advi-sory Group of Non-Gf4ertimentaf 1.,xperts on theProtection ut Compute! Program6net in GenevaList year's session had recommended that a studyhe made of the leasihiluy of an international reps-
RI POR I 01 III1 I 11.1R SRI Vs 0! ( ONORI SS. 19'5
ter tor computer programs, and that the dratogucconcerning practicable legal regimes for protectionof programs be continued the second meeting wasattended bt. Mr Hamilton and Harriet L Oler,copy light attorney on the staff of the general coun-sel of the Copyright Office As a result of the d scus-SIMI', at the second session. the International Bt !Tall(ft the W,orld Intellectual Property Organiza :ionI5 ti)r) I was directed to dratt model provisions fornational laws on the protection of computer soft-ware It will also draft treaty provisions for a mini-linlin protection on the international level as well aslor the establishment of an international registerand deposit system to be organised by the Inter-national Bureau
LI G.SI PROBLEMS
Soundtracks for motion ptctures. designs for type-taceC. and library photocopying all claimed Copy-right Office attention during fiscal 1975
Motion Pic lure Soundtracks
An importAnt amendment to the Copyright OfficeRegulations with respect to motion picture sound-tracks and the material recorded on them becameeffective on May 12. 1975 For the first time theoffice adopted an affirmative position that. for pur-poses of registration, a sound motion picture is anentity Thus, any copyrightable coMponent part ofa motion picture soundtrack is to be considered anintegral part of the rinition picture as a whole. andcovered by registration for the motion picture: Thisposition also means that, where the soundtrack ofrevised version of a motion picture inclutes such
copy rightable new matter as dialogue dubbed fromone language to another, it will be possible for regis-tration to be made solely on the basis of that newmatter.
Correlatively, after the effective date of the newregulation, separate registration for a copyrightacomponent part of a published motion picture, sas a musical composition. will be possible only the
motion picture bears a separate notice cove rig theparticular cuirtpunent part In such cases separateregistration can be made on the basis of a deposit oftwo complete' copies of the part, transcribed legiblyfrom the soundtrack in accordance with the appli-cable Library of Congress acquisitio s policy state-ment For examination purposes the transcribed
Lh
rHE COPYRIQIIT 01 I I( I
copies should be accompained tfy blow-ups or otheridentifying reproductions of the frames that revealthe title. the music or drama credits, and the copy-right notice relating to the component part of themotion picture for which registration is beingsought.
The new regulation also makes clear tiiat it has noeffect on renewal practices A renewal applicationcovering a component part of a motion picturesoundtrack will be accepted only if a separate reps:tration (or the part had been made for the first28-year term of copy right Th®ulation statesthat the amendment is entirely prospective in opera-tion and that it does not affect in any way thevalidity or legal efficacy of registration made orother actions taken in accordance with earlier Copy-right Office practices.'
The regulation with respect to sound recordingswas roised at the same time to make clear thatsound 'recordings registrable in class N do not in-clude the integrated soundtrack of a motion picture
Designs for Typefaces
'4!
than a regulatory kregister of c.opyriKastenmeier, chairmcommittee, suggest'mony from both si
81
text On June 6. 1975, theis wrote to Representative
of the House Judiciary Sub-the appropriateness of testi-of the question of protection
for typeface desig.) s Kinder the bill. A day of hear-ings un designs aqd ii(pefaces was held on July 17,1975.
6.
/Library Photocopying 4
In the fall ,of 197,1 the Copyright Office and theNational CommissiOn un Libraries and InformationScience timed an ad hoc group repre-sei ng authors. bilishers, and librarians in ane ort ,to resume = dialogue concerning copyrighta d- library phott i mg and to determine whetherur not some basis f r agreement could be found.The group was rather :randly named the Conferencefur the Resolutip of Copyright Issues and came tobe known as thQUpstairs/Downstairs Group. It held
/three meetings Awing the year, chaired by-the regis-ter of copyriglfts and Frederick Burckhardt, chair-man of NCLIS, A working group formed under itsauspices met number of times. Although no con-sensus could /be reached on matters of substance.eventually some agreement was achieved on a pro-posal for a :study to be undertaken under NCLISauspices This study, which was still on the drawingboards as the year ended, would involve a survey oflibrary "loan" prattices involving photocopies andthe test of a possible licensing mechanism. The mainaccomplishment of the Upstairs/Downstairs Groupin fiscal 1975 was to keep the parties talking duringa particularly difficult period in the history of what*has been called the Great Copyright Controversy.
rJUDICIAL DEVELOPMENTS
Protection for type-face designs under the present'copyright law emerged as a major domestic cd...)14,-right issue, and the proponents of protection c ntinued to press their ,case during the fiscal year/ e
current Copyright Office Regulations have/ beeninterpreted to prohibit copyright registration foriftypeface designs, and any change in the r gulationto permit registration has been strongly o posed. InOctober, the Copyright Office annuunged that con-sideration was being given to amer4 the Copy-right Office Regulations, to 'permit /registration oftypeface designs, and that a public *ring would beheld on November 6 ."to facilitate The widest possi-ble public expression of views on the legal andpolicy questions implicit in the ipossible,Fhange inregistration practices ." The all-day hearing onNovember 6. 1974, marked an important event in
the history of the Copyright Office the first time alorrpal public h'earing was held preparatory to con-sideration of a change in the Copy right Office Regu-
4 lations. Written comments were also invited.The various points of view were strongly and ably
presented. One argument of particular importancete to the Copyright Office was that, since the revision
bill was tinder active consideration by Congress, theproblem of copyright protection for typefacedesigns should be considered in a legislative rather
6
203-149, 0 :;-17.3
Theractions of the United States Supreme Court intwo important copyright cases highlighted the Judi-cial in copyright law during fiscal1945. ,
Last year's annual report dealt at great lengthwith the action of the United States Court of Claimsin Wdhams & Wilkins Co. v. The United States, 487F.2d 1345 (Ct. Cl. 1973), holding, in a split 4-3decision, that the photocopying activities of theNational Institutes of Health and National Libraryof Medicine constituted a "fair use" rather than acopyright infringement. The Supreme Court agreed
9t
82
to review the decision, and a great many groups andorganizations involved in the bash: issues underlying
le controversy tiled briefs as arnica curiae on oneide of the case or the otherOn February 25, 1975, in a spectacular anticli-
max, the Supreme Court split 4.4 in the 10 !hams &
Wilkins case, with Justice' Harry A. Blackmun dis-qualifying himself trom participating in the deci-sion. The automatic effect of the deadlock was toaffirm the Court of Claims' decision in favor atticgovernment libraries. It also effectively deprived thedecision it any precedenual weight and wiped outany autho ty the Court of Claims majority' opinionmight other lave. carried In a recent habeascorpus deaision .Vii v Biggers,, 409 U.S. 188
11972), the U S. Sup Court itself has declaredthat an equally divided irmance "merely ends theprocess of direct review but settles no issue of law."the Court has thus left the issue sovely up toCongress to settle.
On June 17, 1975, the Supreme Court handeddown a decision on the scope of musical performing 1rights that has significance for both--kkhe. licensingpractices under the present copyright statute andlithe provisions of the proposed revision bill. In'Twentieth Century Music Corp, v Aiken, 95 S. Ct2040, the defendant, owner and operator of a has
. service food shop in downtown Pittsburgh. had '7aradio with outlets to four speakers in the ceilingwhich he apparently turned on and left on through-out the business day. Licking any performing 11-cense.. he was sued for copyright infringement bytwo A SCA P members. He lost in The District Court,1won a reversal M the Tekird Circuit Court of Ap-peals, and finally prevailed. by a margtn of 7.2, inthe Supreme Court The majority, opinion was de-livered by Justice Potter Stewart, Justice Blackmunwrote an opinioif disagreeing with practically every-thing'in the majority opinion but concurring,pththe result: and Clvef Justice Warren E Burger vnotea blistering dissent in which Justice William 0Douglas jOined.
The Aiken decision is based squarely on the twoSupreme Court decisions dealing' with cable televi-sion. in both of which Justice Stewart also wrotethe majority opinions In Fortnightly Corp v
4
9 5
RI PORI 01 1111_ LIBRARIAN 01 ( ONCRI SS, 1975
United Artists, 392 U.S 390, and again in Tele-
pr.mipter Corp v Columbia Broadcasting System,Iru 415 U S 394. the Supreme Court had heldthat a CA iv station was not "performing, withinthe meaning of the 1909 statute, when it picked upbroadcast signals off the air and retransmitted themto subscribers by cable The Aiken decision extendsthis interpretat On of the scope of the 1909 statute'sright of "public performance for profit" to a situa-tion outside the CATV context and. withoutexpressly ovstIpling the decision in Buck v Jewell1'.aSalle Realty 6:o , 283 U S 191 ( I 93 I ), effectivelydeprives it of much meaning For more than 40years the Jewell-LaSalle rule was thought to requirea business establishment to obtain copyright licenses
before could legally pick up any broadcasts offthe air and retransmit them to-usguest:3 and pm
..trons. As reinterpreted by the Aiken decision, the
l'ule of Jewell-LaSalleapplies only if the broadcastbeing retransmitted was itself unlicensed.
In his dissent Juste Burger made the following*highly relevant observatimis
There can be no really satisfactory solution, to the problempresented here, until Congress acts in response to long-standing pr.oposals My primary purpose in writing is notmerely to express disagreement with the Court but tounderscore what has repeatedly been stated by o,thers as tothe need for legislative action. Radio today is certainly ainure commonplace and universally understood technologi-cal innovation than CATV, for example, yet we are, basi-cally. in essentially the same awkward situation as in thepast when confronted with these problems
We must attempt to apply a statute designed for anotherera to a situation in which Congress has never affirmativelymanifested its view concerning the competing policy con-siderations involved,
Yet, the issue presented can only be resolved appropriately.tiy the CongresS'
In closing this report on a, transitional year in thehistory of the Copyright Office, it may be appropri-ate tcitillope. with the Chief Justice, that Congres1
will a last act "in response to 1611g-standing pro-posals" in fiscal .1976.
Respectfully siibmit tesi,
p /MARA RINGLI1;Register of affrights
MI COM RICH 101 11( 1
International Copyright Relations of the Ctitled States its of June 30, 1975
83
I his table sets forth S sops right relations of current interest with the other independent nations set the world I ach entrygoes country name and alternafe_n_ung_anti,, statement of sups right relations. The tulluwing Lode is used _
Bilateral bilateral coo right relations with the United States by smuc of a proclamation or twat!, , as of the dategiven %%here th*re is more than one proclamation or treat,onlv the date of the first one is given
RAC Part!, to the Buenos Aires Convention set. 1910, as set the date gisen U S ratification deposited with thegovernment at 1rgentina, May 1. 1911. proclaimed b} the President set the United Stato, Jul} 13. 1914
C ( Geneva Party to the 1 niversal Copy right Convention. Geneva. 1952. as of the date given The efi,e. Luse date for`tli.eUnited States was September 16,1955
U( C Paris Parts to the Universal ( ups right ( onsention as revised at Paris. 1971. as at the date gisen The effectivedate for the United States was Jul!. 10.1974
Plionogr Hu Parts to the Contention for the Protection 01 Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplicationat lhor Plionograms. Gerieva. 1971. as at the date gisen rhe effective date tor the United States was'ylar, h 10, 19745,ire ign n/4/Id re( ordings fixed a d publithed on or alter February 15, 1972, with the special notue of
press rated hi law rex, 1975 Doe Records, Int ), mat be entitled to 1, S top). right protec non,nilt it Ilk atalinr is a citi:en of le of the .c,tuntries isidi which the Lined States maintains bilateral orplionogrant convention relations as ndwated helots
ncicar Became independent since 1943 I as hot established son. right relations with the.Unated States but may behonoring obliptions incurred unde former political status
None
AfghanistanNone
Albania;None
No copclIght relations with the Un ted States
Banglactsh.Unclear
Algeria1 C C Geneva Aug 4,1971UCC Pam Jul'. 10,/974
/AndorraU( Geneva Set , 16.1955
ArgentinaBilateral Aug 23, 1934BA(, Alin] ?9. 1950,-44 Geneva I eh 1 41958 Botswana'honograni June 30. 1973 Unclear
Au rain;Bila ral Mar 15, 1918
'VC Geneva Mal, I. 1969*PlionograM June 22. 1974
AustriaBilateral Sept 20. 1907UCC Geneva July 2, 1957
Bahamas, TheUnclear
BahrainNone
BarbadosUnclear
BelgiumBilateral July I, 1891UCC Geneva Aug 31, 1960
BhutanNone
BoliviaBAC May 15.1914
Bilateral Apr *2.1957'BAC Aug 31. 1915UC C Geneva lit 13. 1960
4.'BulgariaIi((' Geneva-Jurfe 7. 197515Cf Paris June 7 19.75,
BurmaUnclear
BurundiUnclear
Cambodia( Khmei Republic)UCC Geneva Sept 16. 1955
Cameroon .UCC Geneva May.) , 1973.UCC Paris July 10, 1974
Canada
Bilateral Jan 1, 1924'UCC Geneva Aug 10. 1962tCentral African RepublicUnclear
ChadUnclear
ChileBilateral MAy 25. 1,896BAC June 14, 1955'UCC Geneva Sept 16, 1955
(, -11,,,k, , , i , . r, model,, or deli n, 376 2 2-9-5-5 4 928 4,1121 3 5
II Rep.4.,,tions ii work, ,,, irt 845 1,620 2,933 2,579 2.871
I 1),,%m,s or plastic work, oi a s,ieniiii, ,,, AM.
ic,fini, al ,haracter 0 0 10 0 0
.1 Ph ,tographs 42 65 66 188 565
k Prints and pictorial illustration, . 614 495 52 65 12
ik k i ( ommercial prints and labels 409 220 38 13 0
L %lotion picture photoplas.. 4 64 67 322 103
\I Motion pictures not photopl.o.s I I I 183 331 206 683
\ Sound recordings 2.282 13.405 18.321 8,338
Total . 316 972 324.357 352.639 362.176 377.648
1 \ tra ogle, recessed with de,posits and gilt copies are included in these figures for some categories. the number ofankles transferred mac therefore es.,eed"the number of articles deposited as shown in the preceding chart
Of this total, 30.677 copies %ere transferred to the I ',hang,: and Gilt Division for use in its programs
Gross Cash Re(opts. Fees, and Registrations, Fiscal Years /97/ -75
Increase or
Gross receipts I ees earned Registrations decrease in
Gross receipts July 1, 1974. to June 30 1975 2.614.059 72
Total to be accounted for 3.218.376 40
Refunded 5 113.476 40
Checks returned unpaid 5.098 82
Deposited as earned fees 2 435,486 61
Deposited as undeliverable checks 1 115 50
Balance carried over Julc 1. 1974earned. in June 19..but nor deposited until
July 1974 5215,021 14
Unfinished bthinev, balance 129.438.47
L.tposit 315,950 08
Card sf sr.e C 2.789 38
663.199 07
3.218.376 40
Registrations Fees earned
Published domestic works at 56 251.505 S1,509.030 00
Published foreign works at 56 6,219 37.314 00
Unpublished works at S6 104.006 624,036 00
Renewals at 54 28,202 112,808 00
Total registrations for fee 389.932 2,283.188 00
Registrations made under provisions of law permitting registration without payment of
fee for certain works of foreign origin 11.33Registrations made under Standard Reference Ddia het, P L. 90-396 (IS U SC §290).
for certain publications of U S government agencies for which fee has been waived 9
Total registrations 401.274
Fees for recording assignments42.597 00
Fees for indexing transfers of proprietorship 13.891 00
Fees for recording notices of use5,036.50
Fees for recording notices of intention to use 21.657 50
Fees for certifieddocuments11,063 00
Fees for searches made58,885 00
Card service .10,977 14
Total fees exclusive of registrations I 164,107 14
Total fees earned 2.447.296 14
10'
7
4
A ptc 7/ 41/A I
LIBRARY 'OF CONGRESSTRUST FUND BOARD
SUMM 1R' OF A \ \t_AL REPORT
NE v1 BI R Members ti.e Lihrary nt Congress;rust Fund B,,ard at the end of fiscal year 195were
/ x Ofti4i.)
William 1 Simon Secretars ot the Treasury Chair-man. Representative Lucien \ Nedri, Chairmanof the Joint C6nnittee on the Library t aiid John
G Lorenz. Acting Librarian ot Congress. Sec-
retary
-Ippointne
Mrs Charles William Fngelhard Jr (term ends%larch ti, 19801 and Walter S Gubelmann ( termends March 9 19781"
ME I TI \(,S 01 THE B0 's RD The board met onNovember 26, 1974, and took the following steps toincrease the returns from the funds held for theLibrary in the U S Department ot the Treasury
Authorized the secretary of the treasury to invest inshortterm U S government securities the portion of
the accumulated income from the funds in the
permanent loan account that are e\cess to the
Library's present needs
Authorized the withdrawal of principal funds fromthe, permanent loan account and the deposit of suchfunds in the investment account "to be invested andreirnested bi the Chairman in accordance with theneed for disbursement of income as expressed by
the Librarian of Congress
Accordingly. the Treasury Department invested aportion of unobligated accumulated income in
160-day MK (Market).certificates maturing on June30. 1975, at an interest rate of 6 27 percent. andwithdrew S1.411,113 47 from the permanent loanaccount for the purchase of a Special Issue of U STreasury Bonds (Public Debt Securities) at an inter-est Me.of 81/2percent
The board also requested the Library's generalcounsel to prepare legislation to permit a higher rateot interest on funds retained in the permanent loan
Sunanart of Income and ObItgations
Permanentloan accOu"nt 2
3
Investmentaccounts Total
igated funds carried forward from tiscal 1974Income. fiscal 1975
Available for obligation tiscal 1975Obligations. fiscal 1975
( arried forw,,rd to fiscal 1976
5269.550182,847
9689
587,77575,788
6414
5357.326.60258,636.03
452.398204 823
8510
163,56352,645
7850
615,962 63257,468 60
247.575 75 110,918 28 358.494 03
1 Sec appendix I I for a detailed statement on the trust funds2 I oft income and oFgations from the Gertrude 'sk Hubbard equest see 6penclix IIHubbard
1 ( losing balance (.(f 52,005 54 in the Louchheim I'und not t luded in total fiscal 1974 balance
103
A-1 ./
4
A2 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1975
account Draft bills were submitted to the Chair-rian. Joint Committee on the Library, on Mark..h 4,1975.
INCREASE IN INVESTMENTS. A contribution of5250 was received from John W Auchincloss andone of 5100 from Mr. and Mrs. Frederic C Gambleto augment the Friends of Music endowment in theLibrary of Congress. These amounts were added tothe permanent loan account in the U.S Treasury Inappreciation of the opportunities afforded by hiscareer in the Library of Congress. Milton Kaplangave 52,500 to the Trust Fund Board at the time ofhis retirement from the-Prints and Photographs Drvi-sion, he later added 5160 to the initial gift This giftwas subsequently invested in short-term U S. Treas-ury market bills
ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED BY FUNDS HELD BYTHE BOARD The income from these funds wasused to support a variety of Library of Congressactivities during fiscal y ear 1975. The Slavic, His-panit., fine /3rints, music, and manusi_ript collectionsWere augmented by the purchase of materials fromfunds given for these purposes. A survey of theSpanish and Portuguese collections continued, andbibliographic services were supported. Wanteditems, including American source materials located
ICI
in European repositories, were photocopied for theLibrary, and music and Hispanic materials were cat-aloged.
Three musical compositions and a chamber musicopera were commissioned. The concert season
brought distinguished artists to the Coolidge Audi-;4:Qum in the Library, and there were several con-certs outs* the Library. Chamber music concertswere recorded and distributed to broadcasting sta-tions The Stradivari instruments housed in theWhittall Pavilion and used in the concerts wererepaired The poetry and literature reachrigs con-tinued-. Both the music and the literary programs arelisted to another appendix.
Special observances marked the opening of theBicentennial exhibition and the 175th anniversaryof the establishment of the Library of Congress. The40th conference of the International Federation ofLibrary Associations, held in Washington, broughtdistinguished scholars to the Library. A symposiumon the history of photography was held, and theLibrary was not only active in the American PrintSymposium and the Print Council of America butalso cosponsored the 24th National Exhibition ofPrints. -
Consultant services were made available in con-nection with the Handbook of Latin AmericanStudies and were also employed to review musicmaterials
ti
Appendix 2, 4
ACQUISITIONSAND ACQUISITIONS WORK
THE COLLECTIONS OF THE LIBRARY
Total pieces.June 30, 1974
Additions1975
Withdrawals1975
Total piecesJune 30,1975
16,761,198, 1,294,811
106.027,
275,75431,498,669
408,92742,on
12218,271
399,05031,32411.931
143,10863,97717.23273,805
3434,570,
4.313 ,
-1,6441,434
600452
2,636465
142
i 77,57466,6604,024
175,45629,030
9.000111
6
7
27s.
23
5,5,304
2 171:427504:599351
1t32,125294.025
31.722,2633,533,598
420,2821,160,408
754,38493,42818:789343
392,36875286
34,6844,421
8,060460
1,665
177,9218,452,896
42,894
923,084
Volumes and pamphletsTechnical reports (hardcopy) . . ,
Motion pictures (reels)Music . (volumes and pieces)Recordings
Discs ...
Tapes and wiresBooks for the blind and physically handicapped 3
VolumesBooks in raised charactersBooks in large type
Re.ordings (containers)Talking books on discsTalking books on tapeOther recorded aids
Prints and drawings (pieces)Photographic negatives, prints, and slides
Posters . . .
Other (broadsides, photocopies, nonpictorialmaterial. photostats, etc.) .
Total
3,531,304408,351
1,026,300690,518
..,202;552l',4150 28
-1 357.80470,980
83,0402.987
7,4601,213
1743,616101
8,450,28742,452
9,246
4 69,332,852 1,259,694 417,222 70,537,768
i Reflects discards of multiple copies of once popular works, superseded titles, and unwanted serial runs
2 Adjusted to include bound serial volumes added to the classified collections and not previously recorded.
3 Excludes books deposited in regional libraries for the blind-and physically handicapped Figures for fiscal 1974
adjusted accordingly
.-
4 Adjusted figure
1U5
A-3
A-4 RI.PORT OI T111 LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRESS. 1975
RECEIFIS BY SOURCE
Pieces, 1974 Pieces, 1975
By purchaseFunds appropri ted to yFie Library of Congress
Book, for tie blinh and physically handicapped I 716.333 801,602Books for t La Library 2 52.408 48,125Books forthe gene al collections 2 655,419 649.328Copy right Office .
Distribution of catalog cards41.:741078
Congressional Research Service 93.335 124,834Preservation of motion picture, 43 33Public Law 480 48,420 53.850Salaries and expenses. Library of Congress
Reprints and book, for office use 2- 1.337 5.856Microfilm of deteriorating materials 2 45.904 9.616NPAC 2 61.666 78.723
I und, transferred from other government agenciesI ederal Research Division 47.718 58.621Other working funds 2 2,652 4,731
Gift and, rust fundsAmerican Council of Learned Societies 108liabine Fund 3 6
Benjamin 1 und . 8
Documents I' \pediting Protect I
Feinberg Fund . 53I ellows of the Library of Congress 13 .64I' inlandia foundation, Inc 3 ' 1 i
Ford I oundation 3 3
Gulbenkian I oundation ,. 273 134Heineman Foundation , 62 7
Home State Fund 2
Hubbard I und ,/, 2 27
Huntington 1 und . . 340 . 806Indeing and Microtilming Russian Orthodox Church Record, 4
Lindberg I und 3 5
Loeb Fund . I 3
N1earns Fund . 5
Louisiana Colonial Records 3 24Mellon Fund 114 14
Miller 1 und . . 16 ..c,
Motion Picture Preservation I und (various donors) 3 26Pennell Fund . , . 80 43
APPENDIX 2
RECEIPTS BY SOURCE Continuid
Pieces, 1974 Pieces, 1975
Porter I undRizzuto Fund .
55 88
Rosenwald Fund142
Scala Fund .69
Stern Fund .22 24
Surplus Book Disposal Project 132
Whitman Papers I und (carious donors) 125
Wickes I oundationI 7
Wilbur I und77 309
Totalpia '
2 1,732.346 1,842,683
4,
By virtue of taw
Books for the blind and physically handicapped( opynght
7, 272312.870
554329,099
Public Printer839,620 941,592
total1,152.762 1,247,245
By official donationcal agencies
6,284 6,519
State agencies & SP147,925 171,698
ederal agencies1,939,322 2,374,743
total2,093.531 2,552.960
I
By eschangeDomestic
33,297 65,354
International, including foreign governments465,374 486.040
1 otaltK
498,671 551,394
By gift trom indisidual and unofficial sourcesI 1,773,93'x; 1,625,401'
I otal receipts2 7,251,243 7,819,683
I Adjusted to include pieces not preciously reported by the Division for the Blind and Phystcall 111andicapped
2 Adjusted figure1 Not reported last Year
4,
1 0 71
(A-6
REPORT OFT LIBRARIAN Of ONGRESS, 1975
OUTGOING PIECES
1974 1975
)By exchange ..... 1,092,650 1,148.225BY transfer 4 499,495 417,507By donarion to institutions
479,277 59 .250By pulping .
Total outgoing pieces
, 2,795,198 3,3 .597
4,866,620 5304.489
Duplisates, other materials not needed for the 1. ibrar5, collections, and depository sets and exchange copies of U Sgovernment-publications are included
ACQUISITIONS: ACTIVITIES, LAW LIBRARY
1974 1975
1 1st% and offers sunned3,748 3,661Items sears lied
20,594 18,287Rewrnmendations made for aLquisitions3,412 3,343(tents disposed of
1.659,110 1,460,860
ACQUISITIONS A(' I IVITIES, REI %ERENCE DEPARTMENT
Lists and offers ...armedItems searched
Items recommended for ,i(quisitionItems .k essionedItems disposed of
1974 1975
52,129 114,947118,931 16 134,145116,365 117,764
2.354.411 2,463.9001.819.398 1.570,279
1 Je3
0
t.
Appendix 3
CATALOGING AND MAINTENANCEOF CATALOGS
CATALOGING AND CLASSIFICATION
1§74 1975
Descriptive cataloging stageTitles cataloged for which cards are printed 227 740 224.379Titles recataloged or revised 15.577 14.766
Authority cards established 107.250 100.570
Subject cataloging stageTitles cl'a,stified and subject headed 220.593 226,032Titles shelflisted, classified collections. 203.511 210,439Volumes sheltlisted. classified collections 286.377 296;520Titles recataloged 19.2414 20,672Subject Ileadings established 9,404 9.272class numbers established 4,808 5.663
Decimal classification stageTitles classified I 90.193 1A0,302
Titles completed for printing of catalog cards 233.254 238,877.
ToLds do not include. among others, part of the lraw and Orientalia collections and ma4rjals given preliminary
cataloging and a broad classification2 Reflects discards of multiple copies of once popular works, superseded titles, and unwanted serial runs, as well as
inclusion of hound serial volumes -added to the classified collections and not previously recorded ,f
l Corrected figure!.°
1 2
Appendix 4
CATALOGING DISTRIBUTION
TOTAL INCOME FROM SALES OF MARC TAPES, CARDS,AND TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS t,
Sales 1974 1975
GeneralTo U.S government libraries
56 234 f71 32377.914 64
56.497,247 82348,264 59
To foreign bbraries . . .)... 397,809.15 464,133.84
Total gross sales before credits and adjustments . 7,009.895 11 7,309,646 25
ANALYSIS OF TOTAL INCOME
Card sales (gross) 3 068 073 58 2,741,596.05
*,
Technical publications 320,175 58 370,089.35Nearprmt publications - 26,277.70 17,996.35National Union Catalog, utcluding Films and Otizer
Materials for Projection. Music, Books on Music, andSound Recordings; etc. ,. 2 310 512 50 2,760,349 50
National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections 46,745.00 48,430.00Subject Catalog I 656,405.00 797,265.00New Serial Titles 404,940.00 425,265.00MARC tapes 176,765 75 148,655 00
TOtal gross sales before credits and adjustments 7 009 895 11 7,309,646.25
k
CreditU.S.
goveknmentADJUSTMF,NTS OF TOTAL SALES returns discount
National Union Catalog, etc. 12,968.00 10,585.83National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections 150.00 61.36Library of Congress Catalog- Books Subjects 1 5,380.00 3,532.72New Serial Titles 2,595.00 2,006.35 t.:
MARC tapes 3,319.96 552 73
Total 54,600.36 31,311.37 (85,911.73)
TotalneiSales 7 223 734'V
1 Title changed-ui January 1975 from Library of Congress.Catalog Books Subjects to Subject Catalog
A-11
4
tCards sold
REPORT Of THE LIBRARIAN Of CONG4ESS. 1975
CARDS DISTRIBUTED
Other,cards distributedLibrary of Congress catalogs .
Cataloging Distribution Service Disis)oi catalogsDepository librariesOtter accounts
Rare Book and Special Collections Division ,Science and Technology DivisionSerial Division
2 7,402,,
Slavic and Central European Division 12 29,420
Stack and Reader Division . . ...........Total 118 85,121
Law Library 114 2,236
Law Library in the CapitolProcessing Department
Grand total-1975 232 87,357
Comparative totals-19741973
223238
105,613 ,132,731
N., 1972 179 133,440
1971 204 77,665
Not included here are statistics for the Congressional Research Service, which answered 244,498 inquiries for Membetsand committees of Congress in fiscal 1975
2 Seappendix 7 for additional DBPH statistics
1 1 6
A4
APPENDIX 6A-1 5
Cut ulatton of solumes and Direct reference services
other units
I or use withinthe..Library OUtSiCie 10aQ, 4 In person
3 Includes entries for continuing bibliographies4 All loans except those made by the Law Library in the Capitol are made by the Loan Division, figures for other
divisions (shown in italics) represent materials selected for loan
117
4
Append/ \
SERVICES TO THE BLIND -
AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED
NATIONAL PROGRAM
1974 1975
Purchase of sound reproducers
Acquisitions /Books
Recorded titles. including music(containers) . .
,
51.000
826665,240
43,000
900744.000
Pressbraille titles, including music', .. .247 297(volumes) . 24,960 42,240
Ilandcopied-braille titles 369 458Cassette titles produced by voluntee 590 2 376
'Cassette'titles produced at QBP11 2 152Commercial recordings (containers) 250 350Thermoform braille volumes . 2,327 1,921
Magazines
Recorded titles, including music 25 32(containeis) I . 1. 4,262,976 5,497,648
Press-braille titles, including music f 21 34(volumes) 1 642,018 720,084
Cassette titles produced by volunteers 13 36Cassette titles produced at DBP11 . 34
Large-type masters produced by4volunteersLarge-type volumes produced by volunteers
Certification of volunteersLiterary braille transcribersBraille proofreaders . .
Braille music transcribersTape narrators
A-16
...
4 1,075 1,1314 5,524 5,891
4 189 201
210* 22668 73
1.615 1,708
483 4547 _54 2
42 35
APPENDIX '77A-17
NATIONAL PROGRAMConttnued
1974 1975
CirculationRegional and subregion4I libraries
Talking-book containers9.817,500 10.473,300
Cassette containers777,200 980.800
Braille solumes528,200 529.000
Large -type volumes4 189,400 237,800
DBP11 direct same
Talking-book containers4 22,900 s 16,300
Cassette containers4 3,300 5 900
Braille volumes4 26,000 5 19.800
Large-type volumes4 2,700
DBPH music 6
Talking-book containers1,000
Cassette containers3,200
Braille volumes ..... 5,200
Large-type volumes1,400
Interlibrary loanMultistate centers
Talking-book containers2,600
Cassette containers1,900
DBPH 7
talking -book containers38,500 18,100.......
Cassette containers5.200 4,Q00
Braille volumes .4,000 12300
ReadersRegional and subregional libraries
Talking-book4 312.500 330,380
Cassette4 71,250 96,120
Braille .
418,500' 18,580
Largetype4 25,450 30,030
DBPH direct service01
-Talking-book..... 970 5 00
Cassette ....... 4 960 5 70
Braille ... . . .......... 4 1,160 s 840
Largetype , . .... . t ..... 4 180
41?
A18 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1975
NATIONAL PROGRAMContinued
1974 1975
DBPH music 6 u-,Talking-book 1,020Cassette 380Braille 510..Large-type 250
I Includes materials deposited in network libraries.2 Previously combined3 Previously combined4 Adjusted figure.c Reflects transfer of service, formerly green by the Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, to a new library
in Puerto Rico. January 19756 Previously combined with DBPH direct service ...)? Includes materials sent to establish new network libraries
"s
120
.a.
Appendix 8
PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION
,,
*et
1974 1975
IN ORIGINAL FORM
Books ' . 1
Volumes bound or rebound (commercial binding)Rare books bound, rebound, restored, reconditioned, or otherwise 'treated
230,28611,543
251,80315,646
Total volumts 241,829 267,449
Nonbook materialsManuscripts preserved or restored (individual sheets) 2,867 ,576
Maps preserved, restored, or otherwise treated I 29,716 0,513
Prints and photographs preserved or restored 8,803 -- 8,641
Total nonbook items 41,386 45,730
IN OTHER. FORMS
Brittle books and serials converted to microfilm (expoiures) 2,724,206 3,871,000
Newspapers and periodicals converted to microfilm (exposures) °
Retrospective materials 931,931 , 895,487
Current materials 1,374,791 023,339Deteriorating stillpicture negatives converted to safety-base negatives 2,420 11,435
Nitrate motion pictures replaced by or converted to safety-base film (feet)sound recordings
5,261,771 5,641,720
Deteriorating discs converted to magnetic tape 5,622 2,618
Deteriorating tapes converted to i)iagnetic tape i ,,-- ..... 634 514
Deteriorating cylinders, wire recordings, etc., converted to magnetic tape 157 162
Recordings cleaned and packed 28,145
I Includes tape replacements received in exchange for duplicate publications.
(
%
i e
121
.. t
A-19Q
Api)endiA Q
EMPLOYMENT
N..
1974 1975Paid from
appropriations Otherto the Library funds Total. Total
Office of the Librarian, including Audit, AmericanRevolution Bicentennial, Exhibits, lnfomation,and publications Offices 62
,
Administrative Department . 823,
Copyright Office 378
Law Library . 82, 6
Congressiona Research Service 687
Processdig DepartmentGeneral services, 1,072Distribution of catalog cards 496Special foreign currency program . '. .. 6
Total, Processing Department I
Reference Department .General servicesBooks for the blind and-physically handicapped
1,574
763135
Total, Reference Department . . ..... 898
:rota!, all departments I : ....... 4,504
I Does not Include local perstmnel hired for overseas programs
A-20
/
.
If
I,
4
/
,,
61 "" t: 7 4 68
650 172 . 822
420 420
89 89
741 741
1,036 69 1,105
445 445
6 6
1,487 69 1 :556
- 631 168 799154 154
785 168 953
44.4,233 416 4,649
I'
..,
Appendix 10
LEGISLATION
Public Law 93-371 made appropriations for the legislative branch fur the fiscal year ending June 30. 1975.
This act provided funds for the Library of Congress as followsSalaries and Expenses
Library of Congress ,. 548.460,000Copyright Office 5,839,000
Congressional Research Service 13,345,000
Distribution of catalog cards 101,581,000
Books for the blind and physically handicapped 11,416,900
Revision of Constitution Annotated . .... 34,000
Books for the general collections 1,458,000
Books for the Law Library 229,000Collection and distribution of library materials (Special Foreign Currency Program) for
carrying out the provisions of section 104(b) (5) of the Agricultural Trade Developmentand Assistance Act of 1954 (P.L 83.480), as amended'(? U.S.C. 1704)
U S. currency 295,600U.S..owned foreign currency 1,718,500
Furniture and furnishings 3,319,000
This act also provided funds for the Architect of the Capitol to expend for the Library ofComocass buildings and grounds as follows'
Structural and mechanwal care . . 1,631,0007
Public Law 93-3 73, approved December 31. 1974, amended title 17 of the United States Code to remove theexpiration date for a limited copyright in sound recordings, to extend the duration of copyright protec-tion in certain cases, to establish in the Library of Congress a National Commission on New Technologi-
cal Uses of Copyrighted Works, and for other purposes
Public Law 94.32, making supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1975, providedfunds to the Library of 'Congiess for increasedpaycusts resulting from the October 1974 pay increasesFunds were,provided as follows'
Salaries and expensesLibrary of Congress ,S1,365,000
Copyright Office 153,000
congressional Research Service 377,000Distribution of catalog cards 199,000.
123 P.
A-21
Appendix
FINANCIAL STATISTICS
SUMMARY
Unobligatedbalance fromprevious year
Appropriationsor receipts
1975
APPROPRIATED FUNDS
Salaries and expenses, Library of Congress 549,825,000.00
Salaries and expenses. Copyright Office 5,992,000 00
Salaries and expenses, revision of Constitution Annotated S19;246 54 34,000 00
Salaries and expenses; Congressional Research Service 13,722,000 00
Salaries and expenses, distribution of catalog cards 10,780,000.00
Books for the general collections 45,748,55 1,458,000 00
Books for the Law Library 6,097 57 229,000 00
Books for -the blirid and physically handicapped 11,416,900.00
Collection and distribution of library materials, special foreign currencyprogram .
2;049,059 57 2,014,100.00
Furniture and furnishings 6.074,432.75 3,319.000 00
Total annual appropriations 8,194,584 98 98,790,000.00
TRANSFERS FROM OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
Consolidated working fundsNo-year 502,773 01 171,400.00
1975 2,972,940 31
1974.75 251,500.00
Total transfers from other government agencies 502,773 01 3,395,840.31
GIFT AND TRUST FUNDS I 2,719,458 74 4,698,459 17
Total, all funds 11,416,816 73 106,884,299 48
I The principal value of all Library of Congress trust funds is invested as followsIn the U.S. Treasury
,..Bequest of Gertrude M. HubbardPublic debt securitiesPermanent,loan
Outside the U.S. Treasury (market value June 30, 19751Archer M Huntington F und . . . 51.118,000McKim F und . . 895.000Katie and Walterlouchhenn F und 54,000
Total 2,067,000
Total Investments 7,516,566
12
203-146 0 - 76 - 9
k-24 REPORT 01 THE. LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1975
GIFT AND
Fund and donor Purpose
Bequest of Gertrude M. Hubbard 1 Purchase of prints
Library of Congress Trust Fund, C.S. Treasury investment accounts
Babine Alexis V bequest .
Benjamin V illtam Fsaris
Bossker R R
Carnegie Corporation of New York
Coolidge i Elizabeth, Sprague) Foundation, established bydonation And bequest of Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge
Flson ( Louis ) Memorial I und, established under bequestof Bertha L Flson
F emberg ( Lenore B and Charles E) Fund
Friends of Musk in the Library of Congress. established bythe association
Guggenheim (Daniel) Fund for the Promotion of Aero-nautics. Inc
Hanks. Nymphus C , bequest
Huntington. Archer \IDbna tion
Donation
Bequest
Koussesitzky (Serge) Music I oundatiun in the Library ofCongress. established by the Koussevttzky "Music Foun-dation, Inc
126
Purchase of Slavic material
Chair of American history, ssith surplus available for pur-chase and maintenance of materials for the historical collections of the Library
Bibliographical services
Promotion and encouragement of an interest in and anunderstanding of fine arts in the United States
Furtherance of musical research. ..omposition, perform-ance. and apprecuition
Provision of one or more annual, free public lectures onmusic or its literature
Encouragement of public intere in music or its literature
Purchase of books, manuscripts, and other materials tiy andabout Walt Whitman and other American writers
Enrichment of music collection
Chair of aeronautics
Furtherance,of work for the blind, particularly the provi-sion of books for the Library of Congress to make available,.to the blind
Purchase of Hispanic material
Copsultant in Spanish and Portuguese literature
Equipment and maintenance of the Hispanic Society Roomand maintenance of a chair of English-language poetry
I urtheram.e of the art of music composition
A
APPFNDIX 11
TRUST FUNDS
A-25
Principal I
Lnobliptedbalance fromprevious!, ear
Inome or .
receipts1975
--
Total availablefor obligation
.
Obligated.1975
1.nobligatedbalaQse
forwardedto 1976
S20,000 00 SI 394 53 580000 52.194 53 SI 542 56 5651 97
Library of Congress Trust Fund, I. S. Treasury insestment accounts-Continued
Longv.orth INIeholas) Foundatior4 in the Library of Cogrec. established by the triends of the late \leholas Lungnorth
'stiller Da:. tun C bequest
\ational Library tu the Blind established by the \atiunalLibrary for the Blind Inc
Pennell Joseph bequest
Furtheranee of musk
Benefit of the Day ton C Miller Collection of Flutes
)11--Prusision cite reading matter fur the blind and the employ-ment of blind persons to provide library services for theblind
Purchase of materials in the fine arts for the Pennell Col-lection
rier JIlemy kirkei Memorial FUnd established by Annie- laintenance of a cunsultantship or other appropriate pur-May Hegeman pose
Ruberts f und. established under bequesRoberts
tit Margaret A Benefit of the Library of Congress, its collections, andIIS Services
Scala t Norman. P 1emorial f und, established under be-quest of !Norman P. Scala
Arrangement, editing, and publwation Of ;Do tals in theScala bequest
Suimeck Iemurial I und established by the Beethoven Aid and advance ent of rqu.srtal researchAssociation
Stern I Nlired had!) lelnurial I und,'established b Maint of and addition to the Alfred Whoa' Sternfamily of the late Alfred Whital Stern Coliekt of Lineolniana. Including the publication of
guidek and reproductions of parts of the collection '
_Whit tall iGertrudz ( larke) Poetry and Literature I und peselupment of appreeiattun and understanding of goods"literature and poetry in this country,,ondsfor the presenta-ion of literature in general
Wiwi )Gertrude Clarke) I uunda) on. established by Ger- taintenance of collection of Stradivari instruments andtrude Clarke Wilma!! Tourte bows given by Mrs Whitton, and presentation of
programs in which those instruments are used
Wilbur. James IT
Donation
Bequest
Bequest
'1L
U S Treasury investment accounts
1. 8
Reproduction of manuscript sources on American historyEuropean. archives
stablishrntnt of a chair of geography
Preservation of source materials for American history
APPENDIX 11
Principal
A.27
1_ noblIgated Income orbalance ffJM receiptspresto1as y ear 1925
Library of Congress Trust Fund, bank investment department accounts
Huntington, Archer At = Equipment and maintenance of the Hispanic SocietyRoom, and maintenance of a chair of English-languagepoetry
MIlsim 1 und established under bequest of Mrs NA Duncan Support of the comps and performance of chamber
\1.K music for viola) and piano and of related activities
fora! bank insestment department accounts
Library of Congress Gift Fund
Ackerman ( in W . estate ot Publication of a catalog of the Carl Acgerman Collection
American Association fur the Advancement of Slavic Toward preparation of a bibitifigraphy of'Slav is and East
Studies European studies
American C ouncil of Learned Societies Publication of a Ittographic guide to YugoSlAa
Furtherance of a program for the acquisition of publica-tions from Europe
American I dm Institute Support of the National Film Collection program
American Institute of Architects oundation, Inc Preservation of drawings from the 1792 competition fordesigns for the Capitol and the President's House
American Library Association Editing the National Unroll Catalog
For use by the director of the Processing Department
Archives of the American Psychological Association (Manu Furtherance of manuscript work
script)
atrit7 t Lhe Slums and Gwendolyn) I oundation Symposia and related publications on the American Revolutrop
ToWard Tparatiop of a directory of picture sources in theWashington, D C , area
Council on Library Resources, Inc Modification of the MARC system to handle records fromthe CONSER program
Support of the COMARC project
Documents I spediting Project, various contributors Distributio; of documents to participating libraries
Edwards 1.1 W Publishers. Inc
.130
Editing and preparation costs in connection with the Publi-cation of the National Union Catalog, 1968-72
Toward expenses of the Executive. Workshop in LibraryManagement and Information Services
-Purdiase of books. manuscript's. and other materials by andabout Walt Whitman and other American writers
1 elloss s of the Library of (-ungress, sarious donors Purchase of rare materials in American history
Ford oundation
linlandia 1 oundation,
,Burnett's Letters of Mimbers of the Continental CongreSupport of a revised and enlarged edition of Edmund C.
Purchase of noncurrent mafejials in the Finnish field
I oreign program, s arioucontribu tags
Support of authentication of the earliest printed versio ofthe Declaration:of Independence
Support of the program for the purchase of material tofoLeign countries under Public Law 480
Fiscal year 1962Fiscal year 1974Fiscal year 1975
4Support of the program for cataio6.mg;material purchardunder Public Law 480 in
EgyptIndonesiaIsrael
Support of the program for the purchase of material inBangladesh under Public Law 480
Support of the program for purchase of material'in Indo-nesia under the terms of the Higher Education Act of 1965as amended in 1968
Acquisition of publications from Sri Lanka
I orest Press, Inc Toward the cost of a 5-year project to edit the 19th editionof the Dewey Decu.ial Clarication
George. Washington University, The f urtherance of the Library of CongressGeorge Wash -ington University joint graduate program in Americanthought and culture
Gish (Lillian) Foundation
Gulbenkian oundation
132
furtherance of the Library's programs
Acquisition of Armenian books and periodicals publishedbefore 1967
7 7 APPENDIX I IA -31
Principal 1
Unobligated
Unobhgated Income or balance
balance from receipts Total available Obligated ' forwarded
Foreign consultant program in Gejniany and other German-speaking countries
Furth&ance.orthe Library's program for the blind'
Toward expenses of publications
Arrangement, publication, and presetvation of the photo-graphs of New York known as the Anthony Angel Col-lection
Purchase of books to be added to the Rosenwald ceection
Publica f the juvenalla catalog
Support of a seminar on the acquisition of Latin Amermanlibrary materials
Purchase of 600 copies of a talkingboottitdron of FirstrLady of the Seeing Eye
Support of a microfilming project for the Margaret Sangerpapers
Purchase of an original music mnuscript or manuscripts
Toward expenses of the project
For use by the Geography and Map Vivision
Puichase of manuscript material for the Sigmund FreudCollection
Wilkins, ErNtiowell, estate of PurChase of antique stringed musical instruments
Zeta Phi Lta Foundation
Total, Library of Congress Gift I und
Revolving fund service fees
Pilverthorpe Fund
Carat Publication Fund
SA
ti
136
if
Support of tape recordings for the blind and physicallyhandicapped (In memory of Mrs Louise Mead)
Publicatiohs and related activities in connection with theBicentenriial of the American Revolution
1.4
APPENDIX 11 A35
Principal
CnobligatedUnobligated Income or . balancebalance from receipts Total available Obligated forwardedprevious year 1975 for obligation , 1975 .., to 1976
fS200 00
341
t $200 00
3.41
SS1 81
141
,S148 19
791 77 556 00 847 77 153 03 694 74
1,585 85 1,585 85 1,585
10 22.867 10 5,056 49 :17,810 61
i3,469 22 3,469 22 69637 2.77285
2,848 64 2,848 64 752 63 2.09601
716 25 716 25 716.25
755 10 755 10 755.10
4k"
1.423 55 21.753 45 23.177 00 6.40 23.170 60
4,15% 91 4,156.91 .8 -4356.91r
15,972 44 6,260 $5 22,233,29 12,649 60 I, 9,583,69:r
3 Bequest of Irs Vv Duncan McKim, principally in the form of securities. valued at approximately 5895,000. held bythe Amerkan Security and Trust Company for the Trust Fund Board All the Income accrues to ti)e Library of CongressIncome invested in short-term securities rs valued at approximately S117.000
4 Does not include securities, valued at approximately 554,00. held by the Amerkan Securey and Trust Company forthe Trust F and Board All of the income accrues to the Library of Congress.
1.3 a
A-38 RE PORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1975
SI MMARY OF TREASURY INVESTMENTS
Permanent loan principalBaLano.e July 1, 1974Plus additions
September 31( 19-4November 12, 1974
Balano.e as of Januar!. 7 1975
S5.249.216 50
250,00100 CO
5.2493-665Qingest July 1 19'4 to Januar,. 7, 1975
Cast of insestment m :- market bonds due May 15, 1994-94purchased on January 19T5 fast value SI 340 000o 1.,41.1,113 47
Income invested on January 21. 1975, in 6 27- market certificatesd'.e June 30. 1975 tact value 5138 0001 134;154 40
4Irrtpme on Treasury Investments
H)
APPENDIX 11
AND,RELATED -INCOME
A-39
Interest onpermanent loan
Interest on ".8'. markat tionds
due 1,.0. 15 1994-99 (nett
Interest on6 27 market certificates
due June 30.1975Total Incomefiscal 1975
51Q61178 21
539 163 06
76.'769 68
182,847 89 39 163 06
S3.84-5 60
20I844 0 74 - l0
3,845.60 5225,856 55
Appendtx
EXHIBITS
NE% MAJOR EXHIBITS
COLOR AND THE GRAPHIC ARTS The historyof color theory and the development of color print-ing from 15th-century handpress work to present--day advanced technology. depicted through artists'prints and illustrated books September 24. 1974. to'March 30. 1975
JAPANESE. POSTE RS Over 100 posters. 1930-70-silkscreens, lithographs, and woodcuts -from thecollections of the Library November I. 1974, toMarch 27, 1975,.,
100111 ANNIVERSARY OF THL BIRTII 01- D WGRIF PITH. The distinguished contributions ofAmerica's foremost pioneer motion picture directorto the development of the cinema January 23 toJune 30, 1975.
WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS ASSO-CIATION 32D ANNUAL EXHIBIT. Prize-winningphotographs of the events and personalities of 1974.Opened April 5, 1975.
70 SET A COUNTRY 1 REL THE 200TH ANNI-VERSARY OF AMERICAN INDEPENDENCERare books, manuscripts, prints, engravings, broad-sides, maps, and newspapers spanning the years1763-83 and describing the events that led up toand took place during the American Revolution.Opened April 24. 1975, on the occasion of theI 75th anniversary of the establishment of the Li-brary of Congress
rCONTINUING MAJOR EXHIBITS
TRASEYRES Of LARLY PRINTING
THE GUTLNBLRG BIBLE AND THE .,GIANTBIBLE. Of MAINZ
.9
MANU§( RIPTSAND OTHER- MATERIALS asso-ciated with George WAington, Thomas Jefferson,
A-40
1,4 2
Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, and Wood.row Wilson
11 TY Yf ARS 01 THE "111 TY BOOKS 01 THLYLAR Closed August 31. 1974
GRAPHIC DESIGN POSTERS Closed August 31.1974
WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS ASSO-CIATION 31ST ANNUAL EXHIBIT Closed September 1, 1974
NINETEENTH-CENTURY VIEWS OF AMERICANCOLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES Closed January16, 1975,
JAMES MADISON MEMORIAL BUILDING EX-HIBIT Closed March 15, 1975.
SHOWCASE EXHIBITS
CENTENNIAL OF THE BIRTH OF HARRY 110UDINI Closed December 31, 1975.
COACHING 1 OUR-IN-HAND DRIVING FORPLEASURE Books, photographs, prints, andposters illustrating the sport of coaching, which be-came a formalized recreational activity in theUnited States with the founding of the CoachingClub in 1875. January-37o April 21, 1975,
IN CELEBRATION OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, 1800-1975 Early prints and plans for a"suitable apartment'. for a congressional library asprovided for in an act signed by President JohnAdams on April 24, 1800, Opened April 24, 1975.
SPECIAL EXHIBITS
1 OURTII ANNUAL LC EMPLOYEE. ARTS ANDCRAI TS slum. Cos"pohsored: by the Library's
AWL *s. DIX 12
Professional Association and Nkelfare and RecreationAssociation September (1-30. 1974
ROY B \SL I R Dr Basler's writings and letterscommenting on them, shown with photos of Li-brary consultants and Dr Basler. who retired at theend of 1974 December 9, 1974
Al RO- \MI RICAN BLA( k HISTORY MONTHPanel e\hibit showing resources in the Library ofCongress for the study of Negro history and lifeFebruary 1-28 1975
T111 [ONG VALLI N Selected works of JohnStembeck April 7s, 1975
IA wtS \RROLL-I /u. e,'s A dven tures
time of the meetingNorth America Ma
I H1BIT Various editions ofin Wonderland, shown at theof the Lewis Carroll Society of3-11,1971?
DIVISIONAL EXHIBITS
Geography and Map Division
PLANNI D ( OMMUNITY Closed`,`14Y14. tar'
F111 STATISM AL ATLAS 01 TM,STA 1.1 S August 1 to October 31, 1974
I
July 31,
UNITLD
AMERICAN RAILROADS Nineteenth-centurymaps from the Library's collections depicting the
e,iyspe and development' of American railroads.gigust I to October 31, 1974
RE LIEI RI PRLSLN FA HON Methods for depict-ing the relief of the earth on maps, illustrated by avaried assortment of maps and models ranging intype and date from a woodcut map of Spain in theUlm edition of Ptolemy's Cosmograplua'(1482) toexamples of 1971.72 computer-produced mapsfrom Harvard University's Laboratory for ComputerGraphics and Spatial Analysis November -1, 1974,to January 31, 1975
LNERGY RE,SOURC I. ZAPS Ol 1111. UNITEDSTA Fl S A selection of about 40 modern mapsdepicting the location and use of such national re-sources as coal, oil, gas, and water March 3 to May15, 1975
A-41
( AFALAN ATLAS 01 1375 Commemoration ofthe 600th anniversary of the compilation of theCatalan Atlas of 1375, one of the great cartographicworks of the Middle Ages. March 3 to May 15.1975.
MAPS 01 TILL AMLRICAN REVOLUTION 1775Selected manuscnpt and printed maps illustratingthe principal military actions an North America in1775, including the clashes at Lexington and Con-cord, the siege of Boston, the Battle of Bunker Hill,and the two-pronged American invasion of CanadaOpened May 16, 1975
ILI I ERYS' AMERICAN AT LAS. 1775 In honorof the 200th anniversary of its publication, the firstdetailed atlas of the American colonies shown witha recent facsimile by the Dutch publisher TheatrumOrbis Terrarum. Opened May 16, 1975.
Latin American. Portuguese. and Spanish Division
TRIBUTE. TO THE ARTS 01 THE AMERICASClosed April 30, 1975
THL-INI LUENCL 01- TliL AMERICAN REVOLU-TION ON LATIN AMERICA Rare books, copies ofmanuscripts, boolis, and periodicals reflecting theimpact of the American Revolution and its theoreti-cians upon Latin America. Opened May 5, 1975.
Law Library
PAST AND PRESLNT SOUTHEAST ASIAN-LAWS0\'' NARCOTICS Legal material from the Far East-ern Law Division demonstrating the various meas-ures taken in Southeast Asia to curb the use ofnarcotics, especially opium, from 1850 to 1950.July 1 to September 30, t974.
SOURCES 01 LAW IN SUB-SAHARAN Al RICA.Legal materials from 37 English- and .aench-speaking African countries illustrating collections inthe Near Eastern and African Law Division. October1 to December 31, 1974
AMERICAN LEGAL EDUCATION, 1771-1817Books and pamphlets concerning American legal.education beginning with the first American editionof Blackstone's Commentaries (1771) and endingwith a program for the study of law at the Univer-
143
A42 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1975
city of Maryland' (1817). Januar} 2 to' March 31.1975
THE LA* AND (LLTERAL TREASURIS INLATIN AMERICA Selected current legal instru-ments from Latin America which were deligned topreserve and protect its gultural heritage and arche-ological and historical treasures and to establishcriminal sanctions against violators of these statutes.April I to June 30, 1975.
Manuscnpt Division
100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OFHAROLD ICKES Papers. manuscripts, and lettersof President Roosevelt's Secretary of the Interiorwho late/ became head of the Public Works Administration. July 2 to September 30, 1974.
-LITERARY MANUSCRIPTS. Original manuscriptscreatedby celebrated authors, including James Feni-more Cooper, Emily Dickinson, Langston Hughes,Henry Miller, Vladimir Nabokov, John Steinbeck,Henry' David Thoreau, and Walt, Whitman October1 to December 31, 1,974.
LOVE LETTLRS IN AMLRICAN HISTORY In-
cluded letters by Alexander Hamilton, Felix Frank-furter, Lucy Stone, James Kent, Rachel Jackson,and Presidents Lincoln. Grant, Harrison, Garfield,and Wilson proving that, while the style of expres-sion may change over the years, the message remains
the same January 2 to Maid 31, 1975.
LiBRARiAiNs 01 CONGRESS. Manuscripts offorfiler Librarians of Congress shown in comMemo
pf both the 175th anniversary of the found.mg of the Library of Congress and the 150thanniversary of the birth of Ainsworth R. Spofford,sixth Librarian. April Ito June 30, 1975.
Music Division
THE HAMMONS FAMILY A PHOTOGRAPHICSTUDY 01 A WEST VIRGINIA FAMILY'S
'TRADITIONS. Closed September 14, 1974.
100THBLitt.scripts
ANNIVERSARY OE ARNOLD SCHON-Photographs .and autograph music manu-from the ,Schonberg materials in the
collections of the Library of Congress July 25 toSeptember 14. 1974.
WORKS COMMISSIONED BY THE SERGE KOUS-SEVITZK Y MUSIC FOUNDATION. Manuscripts ofcontemporary composers, including 1Nla Bartok's"Concerto for Orchestra," Benjamin Britten's''Spring Symphony," and Arnold Schonberg's "Sur-vivor from Warsaw." OctOber 4, 1974, to ,February28, 1975.
100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OFFRITZ KREISLER, 1875.1962. Photographs, musi-
cal manuscripts, sound recordings, letters, and
various memorabilia Opened February 2, 1975.
Orientalla Division
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THE BIBLEClosed August 31, 1974.
CENTENNIAL 01 THE JAPANESE COLLECTIONIN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRtSS. Pictorial andprinted material, including documents, rare, booksand drawings, and modern imprints, illustrating thevariety and scope of acquisitions in the 10Q yearssince the establishment of the Collection. January Ito April 30, 1975. -
Prints and Photographs Division
RECENT ACQUISITIONS OF FINE PRINTS.Closed September 2, 1974.
RLCENT ACQUISITIONS OF PHOTOGRAPHY. Aselection of new additions to the collections in thePrints and PhotographsDivision. September 4 toDecember r, 1974. rr
WALKER LVANS 1903-1975. Works produced bythe acclaimed American photographer while em-ployed by the U.S. Farm Security Administrationduring \he Great Depression years.Cpened May 1,1975.
Rare Book and Special Collections Division
HIGHLIGHTS OF RECENT ACQUISITIONS Over20 o4 the Rare Book and Special Collections Divi-sion s more recent notable acquisitions, includingsuch items as pencil sketches and proofs by William
1uI
APPENDIX 1.2
Blake frOm the Rosenwald Collection, American, Revolution broadsides from the Middendorf sale,
and proofs, woodcuts, and sketches from the Cran-ach Press Hamlet. July 1 to September 30, 1974.
ST. BONAVENTURE/ST. TIfOMAS AQUINAS. In-cunabula and medieval and-Renaissance manuscriptsfrom 4he collections inthe division. October 1.31,1974.
AMERICANA IN CHILDREN'S BOOKS. A sam-pling, of 18th-' and 19th-century landmarks in the-development of literature for American childrenPrepared by the Children's BookSectiori. November11, 1974, to January 31, 19,75.
HIGH MAGIC IN 711E RENAISSANCE Texts from,. ,\the 16th and 17th centuries tracing th origin and
decline of thethe
of high magic, an 'nfluenualcomponent of ,the world view of Renaissance manand completely unrelated to demonic bla magic.High or spiritual magic was the conscious tellec-tual creation of philosophers wrio hoped to attain anew and 'powerful knowledge of the world and ofthe divine.-February.3 to April, 30, 1975,
I- R EtiE R IC W. GOUDY 1865-1947 Books, bi\md-.
skdes, pamphlets, drawings, and manuscripts repre-sentative of the eminent Americait type designkslong and distinguished career as a punter, typog-rapher, scholar, and creator of over 100 type faces.Opened May 1, 1975. .
-
Science andTechnology Division
THE t3ERMUDA TRIANGLE Library materialsrelating to mysterious disappearances and near mis-haps of ships and planes in the triangular areabetween Bermuda, Florida, and Puerto Rico. Sep-temb"-er 1 to December 31, 1974.
GARDENING AND GATHERING. Materials frointhe Library's extensive collections on horticultureand botany, including field guides and reference.works, as well as guides to information resources inorganic gardening, herb growing, and foraging foredible wild plants. Opened May 1, 1975.
Serial.Division
D-DAY INVASION 01 FRANCE, 30TH ANNI-VERSARY. Closed July 31, 1974.
A-43
THE CHANGING FACE OF WOMEN'S PERIODI-CALS. Selected periodicals devoted to the interestsof women, spanning the period from 1840 to thepresent. August 2 to September 1, 1974.
MAGAZINE MAVERICKS. Periodicals publishedinunconventional formats. April 1-30, 1975.
COMIC STRIP ART Selected syndicated newspapercomic st4s and reference materials tracing the ori-gins and deVelopment of the newspaper comic stripand its Impact on technology and syndication. May1.31, 1975.
THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL, JUNE 17,1775 Selected newspaper issues reporting thefamous battle at Boston, Mass., including contempo-rary reports of the event, the Centennial celebrationin 1875, and press coverage of the Bicentennial cele-bration in 1975. June 2-30, 1975.
SPECIAL EXHIBITS OUTSIDE THE LIBRARYOF CONGRESS
Exhibits were presented by the Library of Congressin connection with the following professional meet-ings.
American Library Association., New York, July713, 1974.
National Council of Negro Women, Washington,D.C., July 9.12, 1974.
'Society of American Archivists, Toronto, Canada,October 1-4, 1974.
nternationll Federation of Library Associations,ashington, D.C".,'November 17:20, 1974.
ational Conference on,,the Bicentennial, Washing-s n, D.C., February 25, 1975.
1,
T 'AVELINO EXHIBITS
Prelpared and circulated by the Lkary of Confess:
AN AME RICAN' A LBUM Showtin Pasadena, Tex.,Moicow, Idaho, Trenton, N.J., Mobile., Ala., andMenominee; Mich.
A-44
AN AMERICAN SAMPLER. Shown in Orono.Maine, South Portland. Maine. Charleston. S C..Pensacola, Fla., Shreveport. La.. Fresno. Calif , andLittle Rock, Ark.
BORN 01 T111 HOPS. Shown in Evansville, Ind.
Till PLR1 ORMING ARTS IN 19TH-CENTURYAM1 RICA. Shown in Wichita Falls. Tex.. PineBluff, Ark., Hempstead. N.Y.. and Albuquerque,N. Mex.
231) N NTIONAL 'LXIIIBITION 01 PRIN ISShown in Beaumont. Tex Billings, Mont . Okla-homa City, Okla., Charleston, S.C.. Durham', N.C..and Ardmore. Okla
Prepartd bj the Libran of Congress and circulatedby the International Exhibitions Foundation
REPORT 01 THL LIBRARIAN 01 CON RISS. 1975
HAIR A PICTORIAL TRIBUTL Shown in Mobile.Ala Wichita. Kans.. Charleston. S.C., and Dallasand McAllen. Tex.
Prepared by others. uzeorporatmg materials lent bythe Library of Congress
AMERICAN I RILDOM TRAIN To be shown' in'76 cities during 1975 and 1976.
IRA 01. LXPLORATION Circulated by theAlbright-Knox Art Gallery and shown in Buffalo,N.Y., and New York, N.Y.
JUST BLIORL THL WAR Circulated by the.Smithscmian Institution Traveling Exhibition Ser-vice and shown in WtIlmar, Minn.. Brooklyn. N.Y...and Rhinelander, Wis.
S
Sponsored by the Elizabeth Sprague CoolidgeFoundation
1974
Appendix 13,
CONCERTS, LECTORES, ANDOTHER PROGRAMS
`CONCERTS
OC I OBI R 30. New York Philomusica Chamber En-.seinble
NOV} M R 15 American Brass Quintet.
1975.
JANUARY 10. Kontarsky Brothers, two pianos. I,JANUARY 31 Zara Nelsova, violoncello, and GrantJohannesen, piano.
LBRUARY 14. French String Trio.
MARCH 7. Quartetto Italiano.NOV M BF R 29 Beaux Arts Trio of New York.
MARCH 27. 28. The Juilhard String'Quartet andDICLMBLR 13. Luis Leguia. violoncello, and Gaby Casadesus, piano.Robert Freeman, piano.
APRIL 3, 4. The 'Juilliard String Quartet \and Mena-1975 hem Pressler, piano.
JANUARY 17. Michel Debost, flute, and Christian.Ivaldi, piario. APRIL 10, 11. The Juilliard String Quartet.,
BRU A R Y 7. Jan DeGaetani, mezzo-soprano, and APRIL 17, 18. The Juilliard_ String Quartet. \
Gilbert Kalish, piano.APRIL 24, 25. The Juilliard String Quartet,\John
I EBRU A RY 28. Milton and Pegg), Salkind, piano, Graham, viola, and Ronald Leonard, violo cellO.four hands.
Sponsored by the Gertrude Clarke WhittallFoundation
I974
OCTOBI R 10, 11. The Juilliard String Quartet.
OCTOBER 17, 18. The Juilhard String Quartet.
OCTOBER 24, 25. The Juilliard String Quartet
NOVEMBER 7, 8. The Juilhard \String Qu'artet and,HaroldVright, clarinet.
D EC EM BER 6. New York Chamber Soloists.
DEC LM BLR 17, 18. The Juilliard String Quartetand Benita Valente, soprano.
Sponsored by the McKim Fund in the Libraof Congress,
1974
NOVEMBER 21, 22. Erick Friedman, violin, an4Lorin Hollander, piano.
1975
JANUARY 24. Joseph Fuchs, violin, and JosephVilla, piano.
FEBRUARY 21. Roman Totenberg, violin, ,,aridArtur Balsam, piano.
MARCH 14. Berl Senofsky, violin, and Gary draff-man, piano..
1 4 7.
A45'
1
A46 RLPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. 1975
MARCH 21. Robert Gerle, violin, and Marilyn sevierky, Gun-tha Schuller, director and conductorNeeley, piano.
Sponsored by the Serge KoussevitzkyMusic Foundation
1974
OCTOBER 4. A concert in memory of Serge Kous-
Sponsored by the Norman P. ScalaMemOrial Fund
1974 4,1,
SEPTLMBL\R 27. "Our Musical Past; a Grand Con-cert for Band and Voice," Frederick Fennell, di-rector.
0( TOBLR 7. Stanley Kutner, 197476 Cunsultantin Poetry in English, poetry reading.
1975
MAY 12 Stanley Kunitz, lecture, "From Feathersto Iron."
Sponsored by the Gertrude Clarke WhittallPoetry and Literature Fund
1974
ocroBLR 2I Maxine Kumm and Alan Dugan,poetry reading and discussiun. Stanley Kunitz,moderator.
*NOVI MBI R 4. Allen Curnow and Thtm Gunn,poetry reading and eliscussion, Stanley Kunitz,moderator.
NOVEMB1 R 11 Ursula K. Le Gum, lecture onwriting fur children in observance of National Chil-dren's Book Week.
118
NOV EM BLR 25. Robert Creeley and David Igna-tow, poetry reading and discussion; Stanley Kunitz,moderator.
DLC EMBER 9. An evening of readings to mark theretirement, of Roy P. Basler.
1975
MARCH 3. Jim Harrison and Mark Strand, poetryreading and diss.ussion; Stanley Kunitz, moderator.-
MARCH 17. Philip Levine and David Wagoner,poetr reading and discussion; Stanley Kunitz,mode tor.,
MARCH 31. Edward Field and Michael S. Harper,poetry reading and discussion; Stanley Kunitz,moderator,
APRIL 7, 8 Dramatizations of short stories fromJohn Steinbeck's The Long Valley, by arrangementwith Lucille Lortel, artistic director of the Matinee..Theatre series, New York City.'
APR IL 21. Louise Gluck, Robert Hass, and GregoryOrr, poetry reading and discussion; Stanley Kunitz,moarator.
RR IL 28. .oyce Carol Oates reading.her poemsand discussing her writing.
ACCESSIONS LISTS. subscriptions available to li-braties from the Field. Direk.tor, Library of CongressOffice, at the addresses indicated.
BANGLADESH. American Embassy, New Delhi.India 2 issues. including annual list of serials andauthor and subject indexes.
EASTERN Al RICA. P.P. Box 30598, Nairobi,Kenya. 5 issues. including annual list of serials.
INDIA. American Embassy. New Delhi. India. 13issues. plus annual list of serials and author/subject index.
INDONESIA. MALAYSIA. SINGAPORE. ANDBRUNEI American Embassy, APO San Francisco96356. 8 issues, plus cumulative list of serials.Title changed to Accessions List. Southeast Asiain January 1975.
'MIDDLE EAST. American Embassy,' Cairo,Egypt. 7 issues, including annual list of senas.
NEPAL American Embassy. New Delhi, India. 2issues.
PAKISTAN. American Consulate' General, Ka-rachi, Pakistan I 1 issues, plus annual serial iup>plemen t.
SOUTHEAS1 ASIASan Francisco 96356.Pons List 'Indonesia,Brunei.
Ainerichn Embassy, APOI issuer. Formerly AccessMalaysia, Singapore, and
ISR,I LANKA. American Embassy, New Delhi,\India. 3 issues.
AO\ ERICANA IN CHILDREN:S BOOKS. Raritiesfrom the 1 ath and 19th centuries. 1974. 28 p.Paper. Informatron Office. S1.2
App ?ndix 14
LIBRA' .0F_\CONGR S
PUBUCATIO S
ANNUAL REPORT OT THE LIBRARIAN Ot_.-CONGRESS FOR THE FISEA1,,,Y.Faa ENDINGJUNE 30, 1974. 1975. 181 p: Cloth. S6.40. Free tolibraries from the Central Services Division.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REGISTER OFCOPYRIGHTS FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDINGJUNE 30. 1974 1975. 24 p. Paper. Free from theCopyiight Office.
ANTARCTIC BIBLFOGRAPH 6. 1974.467 p. Cloth. S9.
THE ARCHIVE OF HISPANIC LITERATURE ON'TAPE. A DESCRIPTIVE GUIDE. 1974. 516 R.- Cloth. 57.05.
BRAILLE BOOK REVIEW. Free from the Divisionfor the Blind and Physically Handicapped. 6 bi-monthly issues in braille and 3 in print.
'BRAILL\ BOOK REVIEW, SPECIAL ISSUE 1974:Cumulative issue cdntaining vol. 43,'nos. 1-6. 1975. ,
164 p. Paper. Free from the Division for the.Bliqdand Physically Handicapped.
I This is a list of titles issued during the fiscal year For a. more complete list see Library of Congiess\Pub *cations in
Print March 1975. Unless otherwise indicated, pr ced publi-catio are for sale 15y the Superintendent ,of DocumentsU.S. overnment Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.When CatalogineDistribution Se4ice Division is specifiedas the distributor. orders should be addressed: CatlogingDistribution Service Division, Library of Congress, Building159. Navy Yard Annex, aShington, D.C. 20541. Otherreguests should be addles to the division or offile,listed,Library of Congress, Washi gton, D.C. 20540.
payment must accompany all orders for priced puPlica-_tionS. For foreign mailing of puldications available from theSuperintendent of Documents, one- fourth of the 'publica-tion price should be added unless otherwise stated. Infor-mation Office and 'Catalogeg Distribution Service Divisionprices include the cost of foreign and domestic mailing? 4
A47
,149
A-Th1
CIP. CATALOGING IN PL BLICARI SS REPORT Free from the Descriptiveloging Divisnin .1 issue.
,C At ND AR 04 1\I N FS IN TEEL ;ABRAM 01e`ONGRLSS. Free from the Central Services Di/I-.sion. 12`issues
CASSl,TTI BOOKS. 2d ..ed 1974 146 p PaperPrint or braille. Free from the Division for the Blindand Physically Handicappd
CA IV 0(i 01 COPyRIGHT LNTRILS. THIRDRI ,S. Paper Complete yearly catalog, 575 do-,
mestic, S93 75 foreign.
Pants 3-4 DRAMAS AND WORKS AI PARLD1 OR ORAL DLLIVLRY 56 a year Vol' 27,no 2. and vol. 28. no. 1.
RLPORT 01 UHL LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRI SS, 1975
CLASSII I( A TION [schedules).
Class U. MILITARY SC IF NCL 4th ed. 1974.75 p Paper, Cataloging Distribution Service Divi-sion 55.
Class V. NAVAL SCH N'CL. 3d ed. 91 p. Paper.Cataloging Distribution Service Division. 55.25.
CdLOR AND TILE GRWPHIC ARTS. Selectionsfrom an exhibition at the Library. of Congress,October 1974 through March 1075. Reprinted fromthe Quarter!), Journal of the Library of Congress,.vol. 31, no. 4, October 974. 1974 17 p, Paper. 75cents,
Part 5.1m . SectiOn---1.-reurient and RenewalRegiSliations. Section 2, Name Ind - a ear-.
Vol. 27. no..2._ -
Part 6. MAPS AND ATLASES 56 a year. Vol. 27;rio. 2, and vol. 28, no. I.
..,
Parts 7-11 A. WORKS 01 ART, REPRODUC,-TIONS 01 WpRKS 01 ART, SCILNTII IC AND
' TLCHNICAL) DRAWING'S, PHOTOGRAPHICWORKS. PRINTS, AND PICTORIAL ILLUS-TRATIONS. wa car. Vol. 27. no. 2.
Parts 12-13. MOT ON PR TURI.S AND I ILM-STRIPS. 56 a ,year. Vol. 27,nd. 2. and .vol. 28,no. I.
Part 14. SOUND RLCORD NGS 55 a year.Vol. 26. ,
( ATALOGING SI RVIC I . Bulle n Free from theCataloging Distribution Service Division. Nos. 110-113. '
( HILDREN'S BOOKS t, )7,1. A LIST 01 BOOKSFOR PR [SCHOOL FIIROUGH JUNIOR HIGHSCHOOL AGE. 1975 15 p Paper 40 cents.
( Him SI, COOPLRATIVI CA1A LOG Paper Cat-aloging Distnhution Seance Division, $155 a year4 issues
1 5 o
r
DIGLST OL_PUBLIC GLN,ERAL BIN.S AND RES-OL Paper. Single copy prices vary:590sergiOn, 5112.50 foreign.
93d Congress, 2d session. 4 supplements and finalissue
94th Congress, 1st session. First issue, 1 cumula-
ENTPLOYMLNT IN THE LIBRARY OF CON-GRESS. Rev. ed. 1974. 10 p. Paper. Free frorn:the'Central Services Division.
tive issue,\and 3 supplements.
FILMS AND °Ini. l,1ATLRI-AIS FOR PROJEC-TION. Paper Cataloging Distribution Sv.rvice Divi-sion, 540 a year. Free to subscribers toll*" NationalUnion Catalog 3 quarterly issues and annuli'cumulation.
I ORI IGN4NLWSPAPLR ANDPORT. Fr to libranes and mstCentral Services Division. 3 issues.
GAZETTE RE-utions,from the
THE GLOGRAPHY AND MAP DIVISION. A
GUIDE TO IIS CliDLLLCTIONS AND SLRVICLS.Rev. ed 1975. 42 p. Paper. 51.15.
IIANS P KRAUS COLUCTION 01 HISPANICANITRICAN MANUSCRIPTS.,1974. 187 p. Cloth.Information Office, 517.50.
WENT TO THE ANIMAL PAIR A bibliography.'1975. 44 p. Paper. Print with recorded flexible disc.Free from the Division for the Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped..
APPENDIX 14
THE INSTANT 01 KNO%% ING. A lecture deliveredat the Librar, of Congress- on May 7.,1973. byJosephine Jacobsen. Consultant to Poetry in English
at the Library. 1971-73. 1974 14 p, Paper 35
cents.
INTERNATfONAL CONI E.R1 NCI S SE LI D
SOLRCES 01 INI.ORMATION 1975 4 p Paper.Free- from the General Reference and BibliographyDivision.
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LC CLASS!! ATION MATIONS ANDCHANGES. Paper. Catalog' Distribution ServiceDivision, S30 a year Lists 174-177.
LC CL4SSII ICATION OUTLINE. 3d ea 1975.
26 p. Paper. Free from thi.',..fentral Services Division.
LC SC IENCI TRACER BL'LLET. Paper Free fromthe Reference Section. Science and TechnologyDivision. TB 74:5 through 74-10. TB 75 -I and 2. ,
1,LADERSHIP JNTION. 1974. 135
54.50,
TII AMERICAN REVOLU-p Cloth. Information Office,'
LIBRARY OE CONGRESS CATALOG -BOOKSSUBJECTS. A cumulative list of works represented'by Library of Congress printed cards. Paper Cata-
,loging Distribution Service Division, 5630 a year. 3quarterly issues and annual cumulation.
LIBRARY ot CONGRI SSANFORNIA'TION BULE1 TIN, Free to publicly supported libraries fromthe Information Office. 52 issues.
LIBRA,RY 01 C ONGRLSS PUBLIC ATIONS INPRINT. March 1975. 52 p. Paper. Free from the
Central Services Division
1.IBROS PAR LANTES, TALKING BOOKS. A' cumulative catalog. 1975. 40 p. Paper Print with
A-49 e
recorded flexible disc Free from the Division for'the Blind and Phy;ica Handicapped
MANES( RIPT SO'URCLS IN TILL LIBRARY 01CONGRESS 1 OR RLSEARCH ON THL AMERI-CAN REVOLUTION. 1975 372 p. Cloth. 58.70.
MANUSCRIPTS ON-NOROI ILNI A CIILCKLIST01 0 L IN THL MANUSCRIPT DIVISION19 :A Paper. 51.15.
1ONTHLY C1FECKLIST- OF STATE PUBL1CA-rto,Ns. Paper. 521 90 a year domestic...527.40 for-
eign 12 issues and index
MUSIC, BOOKS ON NIUSIC, AND SOUND RE-CORDINGS. (Formerly, Libriry of Congress Cata-log Music and Phonorecords ) Paper. CatalogingDistribution Service Division. 530 a year. Free td
. subscribers to the National Union Catalog L semi-
annual issue and annual cumulation.
NATIONAL REGISTER OF MICROEORNI 11AS-
TLRS, 1973 1974. 867 p. Paper. Cataloging Distri-bution Service Division, 525.
NATIONAL UNION .CATALOG. A cumulativeauthor list representing Library of Congress printedcards and titles reported by other American li-braries. Compiled by the Library of Congress with'the cooperation of the Resources and Technical-Ser-vices Division, American Library Association. Inaddition to all issues of the National Union Catalog,subscribers receive at no extra charge the separatelyissued Register of Additional Locations, Films andOther Materials for Projection, and Music, Boots onMusic, and Sound Recordings catalogs. Papers Cata
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NAVAL HISTORICAL FOUNDATION N,IANU-SCRIPT COLLECTION. A CATALOG. 1974.
136 p. Cloth. 55.05.
Ni W BRAILLE MUSICIAN. Free from theDivisionfor the Blind and Physically Handicapped. 6 bi-monthly issues in braille, 2 semiannual cumulationsof original articles in print.
NEW SI RIA I TITLES. A union list of serials com-mencing publication, a fter. December 31, 1949. Sup-
151.
III
A-50 RIPORT 01 THE LIBRARIAN 01 CONGRESS. 1975
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NI W St RIAL TITLES (LASSIE) SUBJECTARRANGE Mt NT, Paper Cataloging DistributionService Division, 525 a year 19 issues.
NI %SPAN-RS RI (LAVED CURRENTLY IN THELIBRARY 01 ( ONGRI SS. 4th ed. 1974 45 pPaper. 95 tents
POLISH ii00KS IN ENGLISH. 19451971 1974163. p. Paper SI 55
PRI SI 10, A [ION t1 Al LETS. No 1. SelectedRejert rites in the Literature of Conservation No. 2.
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152
ROBERT 1 ROST. LECTURES ON THE CENTEN-NIAL Of HIS BIRTH 1975. 74 p Paper 51 55.
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VOLUNTLI.RS WHO PROD'UCE BOOKSBRAILLE, LARGE TYPE, TAPE. Rev ed. 1974.65 p. Paper Free from the Division for the Blindand Physically Handicapped.
AACR, see Ahglu American cataloging RulesAbzug: Bella S . 78Academy'of Motion Picture Nrts and Sciences. 5Accessions lists 15. 17. A4'
Bangladesh. A47Brazil. 13. 14 -
Middle Fast. 16Southeast Acid, 15Sri I anka 16
Accounting ottic.eiAckerman, Carl W
. estate, gilt Lund, 28- V29
Ackerman arl u i ( ollecti,publication of catalog. An
Acquisition activitiesAlbania, 46
Asia. 46
blanket qrderc. 46by sirtueso 14%. AS
Cyprus: 46
deposits by C S government agencies, 47 ASEnglish- language progrhis, table. 16
exchange program's, 15, 17-18, A5, A6
'forms of gifts and bequetts, cifunds of Trust f and Board A2gifts. id 15, 18. 44. 59 78..\5graphic arts acquisitions planning. 46'Greece, 46 'Hungary 46Lass Library. 59, 60. A6official donation. A5, A6outgoing pieces. A6overseas, 1.417policy review, 44purchase, 17, A4-A5Reference Department table. A6retrospective newspapers, 45selection policy for materials for the blind and physically
handicapped, 53seminar on acquisition of Latin American materials 17Shared Cataloging Division control tiles. 45sources, table. A4-A5_,..standards for transtitions acquired, 44statistics, table, 14, A3-A6television acquisitions planning, 47transfer of funds or materials. 'A4. A6
.
.1
is
= INDEX
see also National Program for Acquisitions and CatalogingINPACi and Special Foreign Currency Program
Acquisitions, 47
for the blind and physically handicapped, 53. A16copy right, A5
('hinese, 18
drassings. 46
f Jr East Southeast Asia 60la% and legal materials, 59manuscript collections 45maps and atlases. 47
ney,spapers-r45,,46
proceedings and reports. 45)rare books. 44. 45recordings, by copyright deposit 47science and technology , 44. 45sources. table. A4-A5table, A3see also Gifts
AcAutsitions and Overseas Operations, see Office of theAssistant Director (Acquisitions and Overseas Opera-tio
Acquis o s Committee. 44Acting Librarian of Congress. 8, 10, I / 44, 76Adler, Alfred
Administrative Provisions, 67Advisory Committee on the library of Congress American
Revolution Bicentennial Pr.&rarn. xi, 80Advisory Group of Non-Goternmental Experts on the Pro;
tection of Computer,Programo 8Aeronautics
chair of, trust fund, A24rare book acquisitions. 44 0
Aeronautics Project (Su). head. ciAffirmative Action Plan for fiscal )976, 10Affirmative fiction programs, 69Africa, 59, A41
see also East Africa, WestAfrica, and names of individualcountries and cities
Africa South of the Sahara. Index to Periodical Literaturegift fund. A32
African Research and Documentanon7 quote, 46
1 5 3
1-2
African Section (GR&B), 46s A head,
%fro-American Black History Month. exhibit. A4IAgencies tederal, see I. S gosernment agenciesVencies, slate and local 4"acquisitions by official donation, ASsee also tfonthlt Checklist of Crate Phhhcattonr
Agency for Intermiponal Dexelopment,1gricultural Trade Deselopinent and Assistance %Li of
1954 (Public Lay. 48(1 program), see Special I oreignCurrency Program
Agriculturepolicy seminar 32senior specialist 41
Air Tom Cambridge Research librarytransfer of maferials, 47
Albaniaicquration acticities,
Mbers Josef, 4Inert an 11
%Wen John R xiMI-Union ( opy tight Agency LSSR, 8. 79Allende Gossens. Salsaaor, 46
-t/so Sprach Zarathustra (Ntatsche), 43 _
%bop Joseph 18
Alserthorpe I und, A34-A35American Album. exhibit A43
American Assocaalion for the Advancement of Slavic Studies
Standing ommittee on I acalities of the Lay. Library of,( ongress. 62
I ,nerican Bibhogra .Sla. u. and Fast, towopean Studtes 52
American Brass Quintet, concert. A45American-13ritish I ay. Dnision I.). xs. 59
ofticers. sinAmerican Colleges and lniversines, exhibit. A40American Council of Learned Societiesacquisitigns from gift fund, x4gin fund. A28-429
A merican cultural history, honorary consultants, xiiAmerican 1 ilm Institutevitt. 18gift fund, A28-A29
1merican I reedom Train, exhibit, A44American gox ernment
fund for purchase of materials, A32American history
acquisitions, 44chair. A24
"fund for presersation of source materials. A26fund for pUrc haw of rare materials in. A30 ,
15
REPORT 01' THL LIBRARIAN 01' CO!ORLSS 1975
fund for reproduction of manuscript sources m'Europeanarc hises on, A26
honorary consultants, xiirare books and special collections, 48
American Indians, 39recordings of Otibss ay . 50
American Institute of A rchittcts *Foundation. Inc , A 28-A29
American Lax; Division (CRS). xv. 30, 32, 34-35otficers. viii
American Legal Education, exhibit. 5, A41American letters, honorary consultants. xnAmerican libraries. 6, A49cooperatise programs for the blind and physically handi-
capped. 53depository, 14distribution of documents to, tund tar, 28participation in NPAC. 14photocopy ing and copy right, 76, 81regional libraries with sers ices for the blind and physically
I emberg 1 und for purchase of materials. A24, A30American National Standards Institute, 17, 70American Print SymposiumA2American Psychological Association
Archixes, gift fund, A28-A29American Railroads. exhibit, MIAmerican Resole ton, 4. 39
broadsides, A43exhibits, A40. A41. A43manuscnt sources for research on. A49maps. 47, 49. A41publications. A49
American Revolution Bicentennial. 35, 39celebrations, 39exhibit, A2. A40funds for publications and acen tiles, A28, A34inquiries. 3and photoduplicalion sales, 69publications. 6symposia. 3
American Revolution Bicentennial Office, my, A20American Revolution Bicentennial Program. 3-4
advisory committee. xicoordinator. vu -
American Revolution Centennial. exhibit, A43American Samoa, 39
IND1
An >rneLar `ampler ckhibir \44;PT Pntrt,Jr7Merl, in Soici, of, q and Publisher,
v.,( \PI it21mcrl:oh Socieri of
1_4 :61
r)m t',.dings 56knlericon studies hon ,o,i msul' in' .11
kmericon thought and ulture e,oduote program invnericina ,n Children s Book, \ hitNI 5 >4:3 ;
R Npott,,rd c:chitirt \42meric.In Res", n 131,en'enniol
,,nstittit,fArr Ili, o' 711,"
I nit( d States 1m, rt, 4.7 Ina! and loretp-efat ton
l'iNtal 16 pot' o' :J,, Ithrartarr ss !or the Msfal
or f mime !tot( In /9--I \-17-
or R ci r.r of ( rip% pf,1 I ht
' hop ?i) 1') -1 \ 4 7
;Ma rt I I< /311,1ThAnaph \ 4-
kntlioni Susin 13,crophook.
knthons, ( 14ppleliium, 1 dmond I I. 14
Ippli«I I f)1,1g1 Ihstra, Is 4;
ppropriotiomz \21
icyunitntns horn opproprtated tunds, k4>rchiteo or the ( aplioi 67Diii,Ton for the Blind Ind Phi ffandicopped, 51
ational ( ormniiiion on `ev IeshnoI.rical t yes of
( op) rtahtedk%ork, .77N mono! Program for V. ouPotion, and ( otoloemg. 14ne' corfero,lonol budget process. 61
V2(I \22- \2ttral) nil and Co; 44 4
r, hoe,, t or the I 107
ippr,pri Onns 7,67 \ 21
1 5 :5I
1.3:
krchift:L,urdi dr sines
Song
acquisitions, 47'twJti
\rshiie loterotare o`n lope. 46
Ilti 1r, hi, fit Iltspmrnc LI ft rcl rut, on lope a Descriptive(,tide 6.52 \-1.7
04 the Anierlcan Psi chologic.d kiiocution (Mona-icript girt tund >28-A29'
Area studies 52>rgenlino
data .ente' 27Vmenion tildttm.11.
- andi for ocquisvi,ap,.:+%1 Old I ai. 5,)
\: \'.'1.o. of.p, Ier rt:gtor.Ittun '4
ChesterIsquireal
>r, of the men,o, c.htbr, \41S( 1) 82kW/Am/bun 45vaa, < fiacqut ludo oc.tiiitlei IS
libtartei. 25\ e also Southeast
kiwi-language collection 49Assistant Librarian of ( ongroi, in. xi >ii, 11
Otti.e ot..31,,ociation for Asian Studio 25 61kiiociotion of Research 1 ibrorlei lAR1-1. 28< ommittee on the Middle Last 15
Astaire. 1 red, 50\tii eh George Nkuchinclo,iJohn %2
material.cataloging. 21 '
kudioilcual Section IDes. ( 21
Audit Office (DLC)emploi ment statist cs A20
kuitcoliaNational Library 19
serial\ data center 27lastrahan \arrow/ f3thhozrarii 22
Vuit rto, see Vienna Austriakuthoriti tile, 19, A7kutomated data processing officer. xkutomotion ,"see Data proc.kiiingAiram Ilenriette D .
Babine. Alexis V , becBicst k4, A24-A25,Ball, Dudley B ti.1311-arn, Arturo concert. A45
Bangladeshaccessions list, A47
14 REPORT 01 THE LIBRARIA \ OF CONGRESS, 1275
acquisition astisities 15 gilt and trust Wads to support. A28. A32P L 480 program in lunds or 3 high school and collegiate debate topics. 38. 39ctt'J/so DJ,,J Hispanic materials 52
Barbados law and legal materials. 5" 58nat!onal_bibliccaphy. 22 national 13. 22
Barcelona Spain scienie and technology. 52shared .ataloglng seMer, 14 Slas lc and Fact European studies. 52
Bata.us, rhomas R ix statistics. A14Barker Ernest C sir Bibliography and Reference Correspondence SectionBartok Bela tr (GR&BI
( oncerto fo Orchestra manuscript exhibit 42 head, xletters 4' , Bibliography ot Holdings on E S Session Lay's. 1791
Basler Roy P so 44 46 1873 59exhibit A41 Bibliotheque nationale. 19
Battle t Bunke, Hill" June 17 1-5 exhibit 4; BIBS' S bibliographic information retries al ,,stem, 64Beal EJwin (, xii 49 Bicentennial, see American Resolution Bicentennial1$ca7d ldward Biz 5,ks SOlie iu \ Tel ot New 'so 4'" Bill Abstracts Unit 1CRS/. 66Beckman
ssosiation 26Mil o/Du Digest re,f General 81115 and Res
e,kman Norman sill
,>t Sonnesk Item, 71,21 'and Billington Ray ABersi Lebanon Binding Office, sy
Satre otticer*siiBelgrade y ugoslasia The Birth of a \ation
Kennionst 48 car BlackfMun, Harry A 82Bell Alt.sande! Graham Blackstone s Commentaries exhibit, A41
papcs acquied 43 45 Blackwell. Henry B S
Bell Alphonzo 78 Blackwell family. register of papers. A50-Benedetti Ciosanni BatTista 45 Blake, %iliumBenjamin. Allharn I v arts. trust turd, A4, A24. A25, exhibit, A43Bequests. forms dlancheri, Howard A . snBermuda Triangle exhibit, 5. 43 Blind and phys4cally handicapped. sersicey to. 3. 53. A16-Bernard, Patrick S x A18Berne ( opy right ( onsennon 79 80 acquisitions. A3. A4. ASBernier. Bernard A Jr appropriations, 53Berry Paul L x bibliographic center. 53Bibles bibliographic data banks. 53
exhibit on natural histor. in 5. 42 books. 2. A22-A23Gutenberg Bible Giant Bible ot Mainz, perrhanent ex- data processing. 53
hibi/s 40 employment statistics. A20Bibliographic and reference services' assistant director for gift and trust funds, A24. A26, A32, A34
(Reti x international interlibrary loans. 53Bibliographis center for the blind and ph:ssisally hands- machine-form braille text, 64
capped. 51 table, A 1 6-A18Bibliographic data banks 31. 12 35, 40, 43. 51. 53. 63 volunteers. A16
B1BSYS 64 see also Division for the Blind and Physically Handl-"( RS current - awareness records added to S( OR P10. 51 capped( RS reports 11 Mauch. Ernestgovernment documents, 31 papers, 18periodical literature. 31 Blume, Edward J , ix, 22
Bibliographic services, R R Boysker fund. A24 Bohlen', Charles HBibliographies .1,50 papers 18
area StUdIeS,f2 Bolivia4 7
for theiblindlind physically handicapped, 54 national gazette. 61( ,gwression,((esearch `Service, 29 Bolkhovitinov, Ti !sl , 4on conservatip 6 69, A50 Bollingen I oundat ion. 48
I \ DI X
Books in Pratt- 541Books SubleCts A49Boorstin. Daniel J , si su. xi xni I I
Born of the Hop. exhibit \44Botanic Garden. 67Bowker, R Robust fund A24Bowman 11 allace 1), sitBoy d, Julian PBrac keen Thomas ( sn
Bradernas John siBraille Book A4-Brad!, Book Rclic-v, Special Is st 19_--1 14Braille tv,ok, 2 3 116.117
computerproduced toBrain Drain Studs o he Pe,10t.n isUt. Incrna-
orm if Scientiti, Mobihts c41l;cool
15
tield dire,. tor is 14
vr also Rio de Janet-,Breitenba,h, I di:at xi:
Bridge Peter II ix
British I °reign Ottic:records for Panama on inicrorilm 4t,
British Guianaganites 47
British 1atronal Bihnoeraphl 22 .British Official Secrets 1,..tBritten Bentamin
Caps right ot 77.82I( concerts 112Mathias amendment, -5
tele% ision acquiquons, 47Western 1 uropean broadcasting to. quenc y plan, 4,1
Broderick, John (Brookings Institution
Adsanced Study Program, 12seminar program, 12
Brooks, GwendoNn xuBrunei
accessions list, A47Budget Impoundment and ( onto! Act 119741. 67Budget officer sitBuenos Aires ( omention. 83-89Building planning, coordinator ot. siiBuilding Planning Office, to,Buildings and grounds, see Buildings of the I ibraryBuildings Management Office, chief, so, xs, 65. 66Buildings of the Library
appropriations, A21data processing equipment 61
263-646 0 - 75
1.5
listed. 66safety, 65 61space management. 61. 63 65.66.685t also Equipment I urnii ure and,turnishingl and name,
of indisidual buildingsBulgaria
collection of 1,9thLentury imprints 48Burkhardt 1 rederick. 81Bureau of Indian 1 Hairs $4Burger, Warren 1 82
Butmalaw and legal mate-ial. 5,4
Burnett. Edmund(_Imes Thi irrias D si
Bu-ton Phtlhp "8fiu-undi
law and legl material. ,.-)
Barrio, Antoniu. de 59Butterfield, Isman II \I \II
( DS. sec Cataloging Distribution Sersice Dwision( S. sec ( ustomer Information Control Sy stemCIP. sec Cataloging in PublicationCIP Ctajoging in Publication &ogress Report. A48( LR. see Council on Library Resources. Inc( Pl.. communications control processors. 65Cable telectsion
and copyright, 8, 75. 76. 78, 82Cadell and Dasies. 2( adman, Charles V. akefield
let ters, 47( atrit7 (Morris and (sendolynl I oundation, gift fund. 4.
128.129( atrit7 Ptiblication I und. 4. A34-A-35( airo. I gy pt, 147( aldwell, George If .
Calendar of 1-,c( tits in the Librar). of Congress. A48Call numbers, see Classification numbersCampos. Orlando L Yin. 74
anadacataloging workshop. 20National LilSrary, 9, 14. 19ocean resources, 41serials data center, 27
'( anadian Committee on Cataloguing, 21, 27U7nathana. 22( anfield, Earl. yin( anfield, B Ill, vi( annon, Howard WCapitol (U.S
architectural drawings, A28Law Library Capitol branch, 4, 60, 61Library Station in, x
Capra, I rank, 18 .
40-
1 7is
1-6 RLPOR I 01 TIM LIBRARIAN CM CON:CAI-SS. 1975
Card Automated Reproduction and Distribution Sy stemtC RDSI, 20
( ard Distribution Section I( DS),( ard Disisioa (Proci see ( ataloging Distribution Sersice
iCDS5DrnsionCARDS, see ( ard utorhated Reproduction and Distribu-
tion-SY stemCarneal. Robert 13 ,
( arnegie Corporation of Nev. York, trust tund, 25
( artoll, I rank , si( arroll, Lewis, e \Mtn"- k4 I( artert Constance, siCartography, 43
honorary consultant,se, also Maps
Cars . George IY.7 7
( asidesuc, (,abscon, er 44 \45
(Alst s 5uhinai, don Ipp<al to the Prns Council 61(.2stt l(oc)hs (48( ascettes
production of books on, 3see also Recordings
C atalan Atlas of 1375, exhibit, A41Catalog card number
retriessl from data bank by, 9( atalog cards. 23, 26, A49
appropriations, A21copyright, 64, 72LassLibrary process file, 60 '01134microtest, 60for national gazettes, 60NP C depository sets, 14photocomposition, 23povtI 9,55 imprints, Alpre-1956 imprints, A9printing, 14. 20, 21. A7. A I 2sales and distribution. A I I. A 12in union dialogs, A9
Catalog C ode Revision Committee, see American Library\ ssociation
( atalog Management Division (Prot), sv, 24, 25officers, is, 25
Catalog of Copyright know,. 64, 72. 74. A48I Catalog of the \calal Ihstorual,boundatton Collection in
the Slamiscript Dn mon, 48Catalog Publication Division (Prot), sv
officers. s( atalog records, see MAR(( atalpging, 20
audiovisual materials, 21copyright, 8. 71
yrillic 4 monographs, 49descriptive, A7distribution. uf sdialoging information, table, A II. Al2Division for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, 64
Catalogs, card. 24, 49, 72and data banks, 28statistics, A8, A9. Al 2
Catalogs, microform, 72att, Carrie Chapmanregister of papers, A50
Census Bureau, 39
Centennial, see American Revolution Centennial( entennial of the Birth of Harry Houdini, exhibit. A40Centennial of the Japanese Collection in the Library of
( (ingress, exhibit, A42
.
153
5
book catalogs
IN I) I X
of I th,rt% or (,tore Joss ii ,:nil Washington-1drertiser I
Central Intelligenee Agencyisestig,itions of. ',;5
( entral Sersi.esDisision, "\sclue!. vii 'records. 66
Certifications and Documents Section i( opt, 73Changing 1 ace of St omen's Periodicals. exhinit, A43(' lire ago 144 Journal 61Chief Internal auditor. sChildren's Book Section (GR&It ). 51
head,( hildren's Books, ( ataJ: ot, 49
statistics. 18( hildren's books for the blind and ph) steal') handicapped.
54
ktUre?? S '1- I a I I,' Boot, r(n. PrevIloofI ;trough Junior High hoot 1-g 148
( ()%11( ON. 27( oink ,Strip Art, exhibit. A43Comic strips. 4( ommerce. U S Department ot, 8, 76Commission on the Organization of the Government for the
35,50,51,63.64,68.2General Reterence and Bibliography Division, 51leasing oty 67Loan Division, 50.'51on-line terminals. 43public use9Science Reading Room. 50and space management, 67terminals in Senate offices. 64
( 011 i Sg, communications control processors. 63. 65"Concerto for Orchestra" Bdrtisk), manuscript exhibit,
\42oncerts. 43 N45-A46funds for distribution ot tapes to broadcasting stations.
\32'list, \ 45- N46I rust fund support N2
( oncerts, lectures, and other programs, see ( oncerts. Read-ings and lectures, and ( onterences and sy mposia. Li-brary
"Conference on Security and ooperation in 1 urope TheSosiet Approach.- 41
Con'ferences and symposia. Library 2
Americap ResolutiontIcentenmal symposia, 3-4, A28CRS Speaker 's 1 °rum, 42 ,on history of photography. A2
( ongress IL S 2, 3.59, 63, 64, 78, 82, A36ndisposition or papers ot Members, 34
irst Continental Congress, 493d Congress, 8, 31, 35, 37, 39, 40, 75, 77, 78, A4894th Congress, 2, 31. 32, 37, 64, 78, A48see also Legislation relating to the .LirOry
Congress U S ), committeesRS support to. 29. 30. 31
( ongress I U S ), !louse committees, 30Administration, 32, 39Appropriations. 15, 32. 38Budget, 32, 36, 38 39Dt;tense Subcommittee, 38Intelligence, 35Interior and Insular Aftairs. 37International Relations, 38, 41Interstate and I oreign Commerce. 37Judiciary, 8, 30, 35, 77Science and I echnology Subcommittee od I nergy Re-
search, Development, and Demotistratson, 40Select Committee on Committees, 30, 39Special Subcommittee on Insestigattons, 38Subcommittee on ( ourts, ( isil 1 iberties, and the Admin-
istration ot Jtistic». 8, 76.'77, 81Subcommittee on Domestic Marketing and Consumer
Relations, 41Way's and Means, 30.'37
1 0
REPORT 01,111t LIBRARINs 01 ( ONGRESS, 1975
Congress (U.S ). Joint CommitteesAtomic Energy, 37Defense Production. 39
-Economic, 36on the Library, vi, 2;11. Al, A
Congress (U S ), Striate committees, 30Agriculture and Forestry, 41Appropriations, 32Artlied Services, 38Budget, 32, 36, 38, 39Commerce, 34, 75Finance, 35I oreign Relations, 38, 64Government Operations, 30Intelligence, 35Interior and Insular Affairs, 37, 38Judiciary, 75Public Works, 37, 41Rules and Administration, 9, 11, 31, 32, 35, 39Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, 30,
37, 48Subcommittee on 'Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights,
75Congress (U S.), services to, 2
Administrative Department, 63, 68CRS Reference Centers, 35CRS-sponsored seminars for Members, 32, 33CRS support to Members, 29Congressional Research Service, 29, 30, 31, 32, A 14ndata processing, 31, 32, 33installation of computer terminals in office buildings, 64Law Library, 56.58
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act11974), 33, 39, 67, 73
letters of delegales, 128CONTU, see National (omnijssion on New 14Imoloi(car
Uses of Copyrighted «arksConvention'for the Protection ot Producers of Phonograms
, Against L nauthorwed Duplication or Their Phonogramso. '83-89
Conversion of Serials. see ( ONSI RCoolidge Auditorium, 5, 10Coolidge if lizabeth Sprague) I oundatiorr, A 24-A 25
sponsorship of concerts, A45 .Cooney, Leo 1 , 74 'Cooper, lames Fenimore, manuscript exhibit, A42Cooperative MAchine- Readable Cataloging, see OMARC( OPICS, see Copy right Office Publication and Interactive
SDI master file. 40scientific and technological. 27S( OR PIO. 50. 51, 64,65
- r 1 1 1 , 0, I 19, 2,0. 27we assn Data processing and names of specific informa-
tion system; to g , MAR{ I
rj 162
Data processing. 28Administratise Department. 63-65..67authority file, 19Congressional Research Sersice, 9, 32, 33, 35. 36, 51, 64copyright and automated it formation systems, 7, 77copyright cataloging, 8, 71, 73Copyright Office, work-processing system, 73direct CRS support to Congress. 31, 32, 33. 35, 64gift fund for workshop. A30Legislative Information Display System, 9, 31, 32Major Issues System, 2, 9. 32. 63for Vattonal Union Catalog, 19on-line access to data banks, 43, 50, 71Order Division, 17Processmg Department, 13, 19-20Procuremtnt and Supply Division, 64, 68Reference Department, 43Science and Technology Division, 5d, 64Science Serials Project. 48service to tlie blind and physically handicapped, 53and space management, 63. 67training and instruction related to, 65see also Computers, Computer programs, Data banks. and
names of specific data banks and information systemsDavis. I L 1 , 80Davis. Robert A., ixDay. James M., gift, 45Debate topics, high school and-collegiate. 38. 39Debost, Michel, concert, A45 -Decimal classification, 13. 28
foreign language titles. 22statistics, 22, A7MARC records, 23, tO
Decimal Classification Division (Prod), xv, 22officers, ix
Declaration of Independence- John Dunlap printing, 4
gift fund for study, A30Thomas Jefferson draft exhibited, 4, 6
Defenseseminar on policy, 32
Defense, U S Departnient ofReorganization Act (195S). 42research for.'52
DeGaetam, Jan, concert, A45De la Garza, Peter . ix'Delougaz, Nathalie PDepartments (U S.). see specific names, e g , State. U S.
Department ofDepository libraries. 14, 22, A 12Deputy? Librarian of Congress, vii, xiv, 11Descriptive cataloging
statistics. A7Descriptive Cataloging Division (Prot), xv. 13. 14, 20, 22.
25chief, 21officers, ix
!NIA X
Desmond, Robert D , x. 27"Detente with the Soviet Union," 41Detroit \ ots 48Developing countries
and copyright, 80Devine, Samuel L , siDewey 'decimal classification see Decimal classificationDoves,. Decimal aissgication, 22
editor, ixfunds for editing, A30
Desso Deornal Classiluatie'm ldditions Votes and 1?ectsums, 22
Dickinson, l'inily. . manuscript exhibit, A42Digest ot Public General Bills and Resolutions, 21. 32, 33,
t 34, c48data hank. 9. 31.51data processing, 63
Digests
lass and legal materials. S8Directory ot publishers, 75Disbursing Office. 67
ot ricer, viiDiss, see RecordingsDistribution of catalog cards, see ( dialoging data, distri-
bution of) -D C. 13ar, 61
Disision for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (Ref),X's, 53.54, A5n, 118n
acqtysition actu.oties, 53, A16apprlipriations, 53. A2Icomputer terminals. 50interlibrary loan, 3otlicess, xreader services, statist') A 14-A 15see also Blind and physically handicapped, services to
Dix, William S , 7Documents I xpeditini Project 1 i, 18
gift fund, A4, A28 -A29Dodge, William R ,Domestic and international copyright affairs, honorary' con-
sultant, vs"Doonesbury," 18Douglas, William 0 ; 82Draft of the Declaration of Independence, exhibit, 4, 6Dramas and Works Prepared for Oral Delivery, A48D'rainatu: programs, A46
acquisition statistics. 16acting field director, ixsee also Cairo
Eilberg, Joshua, 78Einhorn, Nathan R., ix
"El Salvadoracqvisition activities, 17national gazette, 61
Elson, Bertha L , bequest, A24-A25Elson (Louis C.) Memorial Fund, A24 -A25Emergency Home Owners Relief Act, 42Employee Arts and Crafts Show, exhibit, A401 mployee Relations Office, xv
for the blind and physically handicapped, 53compact book storage shelving. 68data processing. 9. 10.,19. 23, 31, 32. 35. 50, 51, 63. 64.
67,68Law Library. Capitol branch. 60leasing of computer hardware. 67photograpin'e. 69preserviitron. 6. 49telecommunications. fOr the deaf,,13weals() Computers and F urniture and furnishings
I ra of I x'ploratitm, exhibit, A44European Law Division. !cr. 60
officers. viii\ change and Gift Division (Pros:). xvofficers. ix
I xclitinge programs, 17.18acquisition statistics; 15111)14and legal materials, 59
*statistics: 1#1. A5, A6third World, 18
I xchanges, 44xecutive assistant to the l ibrarian, vii
hxhibitsBicentennial. 4divisional. 5Law librarv. 59list. A40-A,44Reference Department. 52traveling. 4. 5. A43-A44Traveling 1 xhibits I und. A3624th National 1 xhibition of Prints, A2
I Xhibitts Office. xiv, 5. A20officer. vu
lregodnik statistikr. 46
t
cs.
17RLrORT Of FHL L1BRARJAN OF CONGRESS.,1975
=talc. VaI 8t h-cent urY maps. 47
Par Eastern Languages Ca talog.,25statistics, A8
I ar Eastern languages seriescatalog cards, Al 2
Far Lastern Law Division ILL) xv. 60Clue. viii
Farragtn, David Glasgowregister of papers, A50 r
Federal Advisory Committee Act. 381Federal Advisory Documents CollecfiOn.48Federal Bar Association. 61Federal Bureau of Investigation, 37Federal Design Council. 6I ehal Documents Section (Prod), 18Fedfral EleOtions Commissibn, 34Federal libraries, 10Federal Libraries' Lweriment in Cooperative Cataloging
(FLLCC), 10Federal Library' Committee, xiv, 10
executive director, viigift fund, A30-A31
Federal Reporter, 5Federal Research Division (Ref). xv, 52. A4
chief, xleral Theatre Project (WPA), 68eral Women's Program Committee. 10
Feinberg, Charles E., xiiFeinberg (Lenore B. and Charles E ) Fund, A4. A24-A25.
A30-A31Fellows of the Library of Congress, gift fund, A4, A30-A31Fennell. Frederick
concert. A46Fern. Alan M., x.Feulner, John A., xiFled, Edward
poetry reading and discussion. A46FieldS, Gladys 0., vnFifth International Heat Transfer Conference, 45Fifty Years of the( "Fifty Books of the Year," exhibit, A40Files Services and Administrative Support Unit (Cop), 73Films and filmstrips;.see Microforms and microfilming and
Motion picturesFilms and Other Materials for Prolectiore A II, A48. A49kinancial Management Office, xv
officers,cvnFinancial statistics, vi, 67
tables, AI -A2. A21, A22-A23secalso Appropriations
Fine artsFund for, A24, A26'
Finland ,
S
fund for purchase of materials-relating to, Aei30serials data center,,27
Finlandia I oundat nc., gift fund, A4, A 30-A 34,
161 .
ay
s-
r
+5
1
IND/ s9C'1-13'
Sp
i inn. John ( harles \ 1 rissell i lone Collection. 49, A36
4:11st Lads or The t'.- mi!. le fund. X34 I ris..ell(Toni) Fund. A 36-A 37. ...
1 ish and Wildlite Ci ordination 'kct9,--..
"I rorn Feathers to Iron," lecture, A46"drat( amendments to ;" 1 ZOSIO. Eugene I , I\
--=';,1 lacks, Lei,. is, 80 frost. Roberti
f, I tannery, Paul D \'N., I LI CC (1 ederil Libraries' I \ penmen! in ( onperanse (at,-
lectures on, 6. 150Fuchs, Joseph, concert, A45
..,s!oging). 10- William, 64
fluid Power Testing Ss mposium, 45I ulb right, .1
-_1 ohlen. -61aude. 3 ,. I uld, Stanley H , 71 urniture and furnishings
I nod polic,,. 30 I utures research, 31seminars on. 32
I ord :Ge'rald. 8 11 77 78I ord Harold 1 -iti
non ).!!! fund 47 14 131).131 Gallery Reading Room. 58/or, len -1, quiwt(ort, Pr6Z,/? \,.',,i qe trer 14 GambleAlr and Mrs I redenc C gin. X2I °reign Nttairs Dr. ision 9( RS) ss, 3(41 38.19 66 Gardening and Gathering. exhibit, A43
.itticers sin Garfield, James A
I.-neigh Broadcast Information SerYice exhibit. 5..\42\!, nails R.'port 4c
.Ga.r,sev al, Gerald I , s
F ()reign currency programs sec Special 1 orewn ( urrencv - (94).1 DI1Orc ee 5,0
Program Gazettes, w., Newspapers and gazettes
Foreign \ewspaper and Gazette Report X48 Gee, Pete, 4
I oreign program, gift tunds, 30-A 31 Gellner. Charles R., sin
I orest Press. Inc , gilt fund, 130-.131 General Accounting Office .)I ourth Annual I( I mplosee \rts an ( rafts Shost, e N.- , CRS support. 33 .,hibit. 1411
field director. is asxmisition activities, 46nheign consultant prograra 134 "Greece and Turkey Some Military Implications Relatedsegals data center 27 to \ \I0 and I he Xliddle Last. 38 s,
we ,24,, W tesbaden Greene, Jack P . xiGiaimo, Robert _N 78 Griftin, Robert P . siGiant Bible of Mainz, exhibit. A40 , Griffith, D WGift and trust Rinds. si, 40, :14A5, 122.137 exhibit, 5. A40(sifts, 18, 44. 59. 78' 15 Gross, Robert V , xidorms of. si Guatemala
statistics. IS E4 acquisition activities. 17
)see Oki) names 01 individual donors Gubelmann. Walter S . vi, k 1
Gilman Benjamin X 78 -.. Guggenheim (Daniel) I and for the Promotion of Xero-
Gish (Lillian) I otradation, gift fund, '1/4 3o-A31nautics. 1% . A24A25
Glasgow Richard i sui"Guide for the Creation. Organization. an .).f
(,luck 1 oulteRecords in Congressional Offices,- 68
-Guide to the Test of Criminal Law and Criminal Proce.poetrs reading and discussion, 46 dure Codes of Burundi, Rw nda, and Zaire,- 58
(mette, Johann W olfgang son, 4. Guidelines for ISDS, 27,
Gott 1 rederick R 'cm 4 , Gulbenkian 1- oundation, fund. A4, A30-A 31Goodrum; ( harles 1 , 1,111 Gunn. ThomGorski vuenac (Peter II of Montenegro), 46 ' poetry reading and diss.ussicin.,A46Gosling, Vs ilham 1 , is. 20 Gupta. Eunice S:.: is . -
Goudy, ; I rederic W Gutenberg Bible, exhibit, A40exhibit: \43 . Guyana ' 'papers. 45 , N national bibliography, 22
Goudy '( I rederic) Collection, 49' Gwinn. JohnGosernment and General Research Division (( RS), xv. 30. register of papers, ASCI
38, 39 Gwinn, Thomas E.. xofficers. viii , . ,t
;Government document bibliography. honorary consultant, ,xi] Haas, Robert
Government Printing Office, 1.8, 21. 22. A47n poetry reading and discussion, A46Library of ( ongress branch. 23. A 12 The Hague, Netherlandsmanager of Library of Congress branch, xi shared cataloging tether. ,I4
Gosernmeni publications'', liahrb. Walter A.,-vniacquisition statistics. table,'I6 Hair A Pictorial Tribute, exhibit, A44see also U S gosernmentpublications Hal Roach Studios, gift, 18
Graffman, Gary - Hall. Grace F.. ix-troncert. A45 liall(G. K .) &. Co gift fund, A32-A33
Graham, John Ilarnid, Abdul II. collection, 48concert, A45 .1 ,Hamilton, Alexander.
Grand Rapids Herald. 48 ' exlubit, A42(,rant. ( ary,'50 Hamilton, 1. ( lark. yin, 8, 80Grant, .1 A ( , 41 Hamlet ..
.Grant. Ulysses S ' exhibit, A43 . .
.exhibit. 5. A42 The $lammons t amily ,1-hotographic Study of a Nest .
Graphic arts and cinema, Minorary consultant, \ 11 . Virginia I amity's traditions, exhibit, A42 ,Graphic Design Posters. exhibit. A4() Ilandbook.of Latin American Studies, 52, A2
. Grasso. f Ila I 78 editor, xGray.." Kenneth I vm Flanks, N y m p h u s C., bequest, A 24-A25Great Britain Hannaford. Nlark W , 78, s'
,-,
. .. impact' of the '1/4 merikan Revolution on, 4 lian9 P Kraus Collection of Hispanic American Manu
1A48,see also United Kingdom qt (heat Britain and North= scripts. 6,
Ireland . .' Harper. Miciiii'el S.
.Great Hall, I I poetry reading and rasCussiora A46
16.1i
1:s1. X
Harrington, 111chael 1 78
flarns,Chauncy I) . xis
Harrison. Benjaminexhibit, 142
IcArnson, Jimpoetry reading and da.. ussion, \4r;
Harrison. 11 ilhem Hen'se'rip
letters. 17.flaard t nnersity
Laboratory for Computer 1 o.aphi.,, and Spatial \ naly cis,-141
!bun. Kathryn A 61
.11austab. I rant Ritter on,e;.ollection. 43.47flauslab-1 itichienstem ,atographis tin. 43, 47liaNdand Virginia \
head. xHebraic t neon Catalog. 49. \9Hebrew Lnion,C ollegsio49Hedges. 1 rnest 1r x
Hedrick: I-100 D suHeti roil. Pail]
flegeman, \ nnie'Alay 1,26-127
.Heineman i oundation cot riind \4 13.2- 111
Adelia 0 ;inIlemperley. John 0 , spIlersey, John, 7
/WU. Robert 'A , ix, 21
flibscJiman. Paul.M , 1\flOcerson. losph .
Ifjcks, loyd V , 78 0High %tape in the Renaissance, exhibit, 5. A43Higher I dus,;tion'.)1; t c 19651, A 30Highlights 01 Recent Acquisitions. exhibit. A42!hiker. HelenAnne, 'inHines, PatriciaLS , it, 25Hinshaw; Andrew 1 , 78
Hispanic 1 x change Section it &GIdata procAsing. IR
Hispanic f oundron Publication f und. A16,137Hispanic Law Di; ision (LE). vs, 58
chief, yinHispanic materiaRacquisitions. 12
, bibliography, 52for tlie,blind and ph; sn ally handicapped. 54
, 1- 1 5"
, )(Ind for purchase 01, 124guide to literature 71n tape 6, 52 l41
Hispanic Society Room'Lind 1r equipment and maintenan,e 124 A
Historic \merican'Buildings Sucseyfiles, 49
flistorical Society of Pennsylsania 4Hobbs Cecil,flot f man: Daniel,Hollander. Lorin
Holmes. Robert R-- H ime's' ate pnduL:ion C mpin% I .Ia Okla zit, !land,
Hondurasqui.itton acti;ines. 17
Hong Kong, 14llorecky, Paul//tree Zeinho [Statutes at Large] of Japan. 5.9Horticulture and botany exhibit. -143floudini, Harryexhibit. 40letter. 45scrapbooks, 48
f foudini Collsktion. 45Houghton. Arthur A . Jr,.Jr. vii
/House ommission on Intormatia an d I ac dines. 42
,impact the %rnerican Revolutioh on. 4.141indeO:sto laws and legal publications, 58national gazettes. 61, 70atin %merican. Portuguese. and Spanish Division
Las Library Microte \ t Reading Room. 58Law' Library ( atalog, ASLeach. I heodore I , vu
eac.'erslup 14 the I memo)? Resolution. 4, 6. A491 eavitt, Dorjald I .'x"Leh, Shirley It , ix
17)
RI PORT 01 [IL LIBR \RI \\ 01 ( Citi(cRi SS 1975
Le:tures see Readings andlest-ures',Legislation relating to the Library, vi. 5. A 36n
appropriations. 7. A21. A22- A23 -
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Ati 1974), 33. 39. 67, 73
data processing support to Congress. 64egislatise Reorganization Act of 1970, 29, 31. 32
"Mathias amendment" to copyright bill, 75, 79pay roll accounting for Botanic Garden. 67photocopying activities, 81 ,
Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act, 79resision of copyright law. 71:73, 75.79, 81Senate committee records, 48
' "short bill" on copyright (1975 ), 76see also Copy right
Legisla t iv e data banks, 9. 31 63, 64Legislative indexing Vocabulary I LW), 40Legislative Information Display Sy stem (LIDS). -9. l'. 32
see also Major Issues Sy stemLegislative liaison officer. viiLegislative Reorganization Act of 1970. 29Legula. Luis
concert. A45Le Gum. Ursula, 44
lecture. A46Lembo. Rose V , viiiLeonard, Ronald
concert. A45 .
Leoncavallo, Ruggiero. 47Lethbridge. Mary C . viiLetters of Members of the Continental Congress (Burnett).
A30Levant. Oscar
transcripts, 47Levin, A Leo, 62Levine, Arthur 1 , 7
\ Levine. Philippoetry reading and discussion, A46
Lewis Carroll Lihibit, A41Librarian of Congress, vi, vii. xi, xiii. xiv7 I I, Ei4, 79Librarians of Congress, manuscript exhibit, A42Library of Congress Catalog Books Subjects, A49
see also Subject CatalogLibrary of Congress Catalog Music and Phorigionords see
Mum., Books on Music, and Sound RecordingsLibrarY of Congress Information Bulletin, 20, 44, A49Library of Congress publicatuins, 5-6, A47-A50
see also titles of individual publicationsLibrary of Congress Publications in Print. A47n, A49Library of Congress Subject Headings, 21, 28Library of Congress Trust I and Board, see 'trust I and
. Board t, Library Order Information System (I.OIS), 9, 17Library resources, assistapt director for, xLibrary Services Division (RS), xv: 40
officers, Ion
1
1 LH
/ dirt)) Par/antes tu/Aarte , 54 \49LIDS, ire Ceinslative Intormation Display Ss stemLillis. \lark A Yin
data processing of loan records. 50, 51. 65officers...reader services. A14-A15
Loan Reterence Sectionhead.
'Loans. see ( tr ulation ot materials and 'Interlibrary loansloch I eo, gitt kind. \4 132.1331 oeb Richard. 112loci tler, ! lise I ay bequest. A32. 133LOIS, s« 1 ibrary Order Int.rmation SystemLondon, ) ngland
papers. 451 onguorth (Nicholas) I oundation. trust tund. A26-127Loren?, John (f . sit, 8. 11. 76, Al1 oriel. Lucille. A461 ouchheim. Katie S gitt fund. 13.2-A33ouchheim (Katie and 14altei) I und. AIn. 123n. A32 -A33
lows XVIALouisiana ( olomal Records Project, gilt fund, A4. 132,133Lose Letters in American History, exhibit. 5, 142I owe, John
register of papers, .150Luce, ( lare Boothe, xis
gift tun& A 32-A 33Lnce Henry R)/tund,...1 32-A13
papers. 48Ludewig, Joh.inn Peter von, 59
131
McClellan. John L , 77, 7811acConom57,1 (iv/aid N. JrNieCormick, Adureen /s1 viiMcDonald, Jack, Jr . xMel arland, Marvin A xlAleGovvan. I rank 11 , ix.,14AfcCuirl, Marlene vinMachint-readable cataloging, see MAR(
171
1-19
McKim, Mrs 14 Duncan. 128e alsoN1L.Kim Lund
McKim 1 und. A23n, 128-129. A37nconcerts -145
Maddox. Jerald Curtis, xiMadison 'James! Memorial Building, 66-67
appropriations, 7construction. 66equipment and turipshings, 7, 63, 65, 68exhibit. A40
Maga/me Mavericks: exhibit. A43
\Ugh.exhibit. 5. A43
Magnus, Jennifer V , R. 17Maheux. Roland C , xiMain Building, 47. 65, 66Main Catalog, 24. 25, AS\lain Reading Room, 51Major Issues System, 32. 63
Issue Briefs. 29. 35. 37, 41, 64Major Issues I de. 2. 9, 31. 51
Sla)or Legislation of Congress, 63Skijor Legislation of the 94th Congress, 35
Malamud. Bernard. xiiMalaysia
accessions list. A47acquisitions, 18
Management Services (Admit)), 65assistant director for, vu
Manuscript Sources in the !Aral.) of Congress fur Researchon the American Revolution, 6, A49
Manuscripts, 4, 47acquisitions. 18. 45. A2, A3catalog cards, Al]funds for purchase and processing, A24, A26, A28, A32.
A34Hispanic Amencdn, A48microfilmed. 52Nasal Historical I oundation collection, 6preservation and restoration, Al9statistics. 2'see also ,Vational Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections
and Presidents of the United StatesManuscripts and Other Materials, exhibit, A40
'Alanuscripts on Jficrofilin, a ClieckIrst of the Holdings inthe Manuscript Division, 52. A49
Maps and at lases,47acquisitions, 47, A3American Revolution, 4, 49
%laps and ltlaes, A48Slaps of the American Resolution 1775, exhibit. N41\1 NRC i MAchine:Readable Cataloging), 14. 19.2(1, 28
and .vp right. 72WWII use of records 64data bank. 20 27, 50, 51, 64 72, Alforeign language records. 14, 20, 23format for special materials. 53map cataloging project, 49resolving funds, A36serial records, 19trust fund, A28see also (OMAR(' (Cooperative \lAchine- Readable Cata-
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
1d+ancement of
research tor, 52National American Woman Suffrage Asmiciation
register of papers. ASONational Archives and Records Service. 4.
;21
archive of television newscasts. 47National Carl Schurz Association. Inc . gilt Lund. A32-A 33National Chddren's 13ookiWeek,,44. A46National Commission On Libraries and Information Science
iN(LIS).13,81National ( ornmission on New Techmilogical Uses of Copy-
righted Works. \iv. 7.8.77, A21 4
National ('onterence on tilt; Bicentennial, exhibit, A43National Council of Negro Women, exhibit. A43National Endowment for the Arts. 4National Endowment for the Humanities:9National Environmental Policy Act. 373National I dm Collection program
gift fund. A28National Geographic Society. 4.47National Institutes of Health, 40
photocopying. 81National Library for the-Blind, gift and trust funds. A26-
A27National Library of Australia. 19National Library of Canada, 9,14.19National Library of Medicine
photocopxidg. 81National Music Publishers Association, gift func, A32 -A33National Ocean.Poficy Study of the Senate. 30,33.66National Ocean Surxey .-
tiarrs4:r of materials, 47
,
1 7 a
1.22 REPORT 01:.1.11E LIBRARIAN OF CONGRLSS. 1975"
National Program for Acquism'ons and Cataloging i NPAC), :sietherlands. 3814.-15.46, 59 limpet of the American Revolution on, 4
statis-fics, 14. A4 see also The Hague
' statistics, rattle. 15 4 New Brailile.yusteian, A49 ,
National Referral Center New Delhi, India, 70, A47
dar'bank added to SCORPIO. 51acquisition programs, 46cataloging copy progeam, 15
master file, 64 ''' microfilming program, 487 online access to data sank. 50 t photoduplication orders, A 13
Vanonal Register of Microform %fasters, A49 Vew Serial Titles, 27 , A49National Nance f oundation. 9, 13. 20, 27, 31. 41 salesA 11Nsational security senior specialist in, 41 , f Vew'Sertal Titles Classed S.2( /vet Arrangement, A50
National Serials Data Program i NSDP), 9, 19, 27 New York (city)gift tund, A 32-A33 ' ^ ° photographs of, A34 '.
sr . ....**%
head. x , New York Chamber Soloists, concert, A45Natrona./ I mon Catalog, 25, 119 New York Public Library, 19,, 61, 70git t.,and trust funds. A28 New York DailyNews248 ,s
sales, All New York Philomusica Chamber Ensemble, concert, A45statistics, A9 ,Vew York Times Information Bank, 31. 35use, 5 Newberry Library f'
Vinton& Unum (atalokf, Pre 1956 Imprints, 5, 25 -26 gift fund, A34A35,
1dtion4/ (.. mon Catalog Register of ,idditional Locations, Newscasts and videotapeA49 acquisitions, 47
automation, 5, 19 1its.s.isom,Jon W., xValional Unwn Catalog of ,11amcscript Collections, 25 Newspaper Section (Ser). xi,
sales, A 11 Nevispapers and gazettes, 26, 47.48statistics, AS acquisitiods,15, lei..A 3
National Cmon Catalog Publication Project, Xv African newsp.apets, 45of ficers, ix ,.cataloging, 49 '
0
production statistics. 14 18th- century, 4Natural history of the Bible, exhibit. 5, A42 t Foreign Newspaper and Gazette Report. A48
Nasal Historical I oundation microform and microfilming. 45. 47, 48, 61, A3, A19gift funds, A 32-A 33 national gazettes, 58, 60, 61, 70
Natal Ilistorical Foundation %fan:45(71pr Collection -1Cata- retrospective newspapers. 45 .log: 6, 149 c . Southern Asia, 70
Nasal- science statistics. 2 .
Aismfication scheduler A48 Newspapers Received Currently in the Library of Congress,
Navy, U S 6.52, A5&.' bibliography. 52 Newton, Isaaci 4
Navy Yard Annex, 66 - Nguyen, PhuongKhanh,.60.Nay. Robert L , yin Nicaragua. 70Near I ast acquisition activities. 17
newspapers. 48 ,, national gazette, 61Near 1 act l mon (atalog, A9 Nicholas II, czar. *Near I-astern and African Law bivisionILL), x,v ' Winter Palate collection, 48, 60
chief, vin Nielauht, ReinholdNedii, Lucien N vi. 11. Al . . papers, 18Neeley. Marilyn , Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 43 ..concert, A46
. . Nigeria
"Negotiations and, a $ettleinent in Cambodia/ 38 1SDS center. 27Nelsosa. Zara 7 see also Lagos
concert, A45 ' Nimmer, Melville B , 7Nemeyer, Carol A , 20 NineteenthCentury VieWs of American Collegs and Um-Nepal versities, exhibit, A40
accessions list, A47s Nixon, Richard M., 34. 79
acquifition statistics. 16 ei, 3 Nolan, John' L., xii
-1I I
:
VonGPO Imprints Rerer:ed to the I thrars of (,ingressSelective Cheokhst 18
Norris. George AA
papery, 48Norris, Loretta , sin, 59North African language collection, 49Norway, see OsloNorwood Collection of popular music 48NPA(', see National Program 'or Acquisitions and Cata-
logingNugent, %%ilium R , NII
/OCL(, see Ohio College Librars ( enterOates, Joy ce Carol
poet-r5 reading and discussion. \46()bear, Legare H B x
Oberlaender I lust, A34-A 35'Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970," 59
Ocean and (ozistal Resources Project (CRS), 30.1:4:Iceans and oceanography, 34
marine resoureq,.30policy study, 30, 3'3, 66
O'Dohpghue, Martin I , Jr , sif'Ottice ot:Management and Budget, 33Oflice.of Special Programs (CRS). 33Office or,fechnology Assessment (CRS). 33,:40Office of the Assistant Director (Acquisitions and Overseas
`Operations,. Processing Department, xv
offictrs, ixt)fliceg the Assistant Director (( ataloging), xv. 27
officers, isOffice of the, Assistant rector't Processing Services), xy
of ficerl..",1x-x
Office of the Assistant Ifrecton: for Library Resourcessr. (Ref): 44Office of the ( hie(' Internal Auditor, \iv'Office.of the General Co-tinsel, xivOftice' of the Librarian
emplpyment statistics, A20officers, vi
Office of the Permanentcommittee for the Oliver Wendell, ,
I lolift&s Devise, see Oliser Wendell I folmes Desist'Officers of the Library
listed,OfficialCatalog. 9
expansion, 4, 25'.statistics. 28, A8
O'Hara, James G , 78Ohio College Library (enter 10( IC). 9, 10, 19Opbay Indians
Photoduplicatton Service, ss, 69-70patents for presersation methods. 69 duel, vii
-Patterson. Margaret \1 , 1\ revolving fund, 69, A36 -A37Pas rill auvnaticp ss stem, 65 Photographs, see Photodujalicationtand Prints and photo-Pell, ( lailiane, vi graphsPenfiell. Joseph, b-equest. 14. 126- A 27 Photography
( ()minutes- to Select Print s for Purchase 1. nder the Pen- rare books, 44nell I und. xi. 46 'Niro, John J x
Pennell (Joseph and I luabeth) ( ones t ion, \26 Placement and Classification Office. xs , 61People'S' Republic ot China, see ( hind, People's Republic ot ot ricer. sii
N
Performing \ rts in I 9th-( entury thierica, exhibit, 144 Planned Community, exhibit, A41Periodical and Gosernment Serials Section. si Planning and technical Office (Cop), 73Periodicals Plochev Collection, 48
copy right registrations, 74 Plumb, 1 11., 4
data banks, 31 . Poetry Pexhibit, \43 cqnsultant. xii, 41 49presers anon, 119 gift and trust funds, A24, A26, A28
Perle. F Gabriel, 7 ' readings, A46Permanent ( ommittee for the Oliver Wendell Holines recordings, 6 4'
Devise, xi, is I caching Creative Wriung, 6Personnel Poetry 'readings, lectures,' and dramatic performances, see
JIlirrhat i%e action programs, H. 69 \ Dramatic programs, Poetry, and Readings and lectUres. ( ongre,ssional Reading Room. 35 Poland `sz.
( ops right Office, Ili 72, 73 acquisition statistics, 16 ''
employ went ot the blind, A26 Polish Books in English, 6, A50employ went statistics. 61. 69. 120 "Politics and the Administration ot Justice." committee
. handbook of intormation, \49 print, 30 s , c
health care, 69 Poole, 1 rater G.., viilabor-management relations, lit -1I, 63, 68. 69 Porter family. register of papers. A50I as I ibrary, (>1 -62 Porter (Henry Kirke) Memorial Is und, A5, ii 26-A27protessional ac t is it les. 21, 61 Portugal, 38 ,
redirction-in-torte procedures, 72 exchange program, 18se c /so I mplos mint and training and instruction Portuguese literature, consultant in, A24
, officers, viiPreservation Research and resting Otnie, xv, 69Preserving Leather Bookbindings, 6, 69. A50Presidential Recordings and Materials Pre.servation Act, 34President's House, see White HousePresident's 1974 National Growth Report, 33Presidents of the United States, 2, 3.'7, 11
election, 39papers, 34. 70see also names of Presidents
Pressler. Menahemconcert, A45
Price, Jolm,IPrice, Joseph W , 27Print ( mined of A me.ric,'Ii,:i12Printing
Printing and Processing Section, 68Prints and photographs, 4, 47
acquisitions, A2, 4.3Alexander Graham Bell photographic archive, 18, 45cartoons, 49cataloging, 49collectitms, additions and total, A3exhibits, 46, A2, A42I oni I rissell collection of photographs, 49fund for the purchase of prints, 'A24glade. to the collections, 43, 52Historic American Buildings Suyey files, 49Nlexicai Indian Pictorial Archtye, 49photographs of New Yerk, A34photographs of scientists and angi,lrers, 45photographs of Turkey, 49preservation, 50, A19purchase of pints, A24selections of pictorial resources, b .statistics, 2symposium on the history of phato'graphy, A2,Wright Brothers collection of phtitographs, 49see also Motion pictures
Prints and Photographs Division.4e'v, 46, 49, A2
officers, x-xireader services, 51, Al 4,'Al5
Procedures for Salvage of Water-Damaged Library Materials.6, 69
Process Information Fileautomation of, 25retrieval of records. 19
Process Information Unit, 25Processing Department, xiv, xv, 13-28.A4, 49, 67
classification of law and legal materials. 60employment statistics. A20officers, ix, 14, 20, 51
Public Lass 480 program t Agrtcultural rrade Development Reading rooms, 50, 55and Assistance Act of 19541 toreign lass 5,8
14 increased use 51gift funds, A 10 Readings and lectures. 44, N24 A46scc atv Spe.iil J.oreign ( urencs Pr 1'.rarn poetry, 6. N49
Public Printer Robert I rust, 6 ti
acquisitions, NS trust fund support. N2Public Record ()nice. 4 Recent \cquisittorts of I me Prints, exhibit, A42Public Reterence Section i(,R8131, head, Recent Acquisitions of Photograph. exhibit, A42Publications of the 1 ibrary 5.6. Recorded Sound Section !Mils), head,
Railroad (laps O the I nit ..,d States 52 '''' Hispanic literature, 6 . n
Runs. %I illiainf . x National Union catalog, A49Rare Book and Special Collections Disision, s'', 21, 44, opera, 47
48.49 preservation and restoration, 50, 79csxhibits, \42- 43 purchase of sound reproducers, A l6tire safety, 65 record and tape piracy, 77'officers. xi soundtracks for motion pictures, 80, 81reader services, 51, A 14 -A 15 ' Redding, J Saunders, xii 'i ,I
Rare Book Dis loon see Rare Book and Special'Collections Rees, 'Thomas M , 78c
tDr, dion I Reference and bibliography, honorary consultant, xii
Rare books ,Reference and Referral Services, Science and Tecihnologyacquisitions, 45 Diision, assistant chief for, xigiudes, 6. 52 -4 Reference epartment \iv, xv, 9. 19, 21, 43-54, 6, 64nut roldming of, 41 , cicquisit m activities, A6preservation and restoration, 48, 50, NI9 empl yment statistics, A20
Nscience and technology, 44 officers; \-xi
Radler, John ( . ix reader services, Al 4A15Rather, Lucia J , ix staff instructwn, 23
'Rayburn House Office Building Reference Division -*Cop), xv, 73-,
('RS Reference Center, 35 officers, yin'Reader and reference services, 3, 050-53 '` Reference Sect lot aus), head, x ,
for the blind and physically handicapped, 3, 53-54, A17- Reference Section (P&P), headekt.Al e I- Reference Section (Sci), 52
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Slavic. and Past European studiesbibliographies, 43.52. A28
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Slavic studies, honorary consultant, \IISlash. Union ( atalog, .19Smith, David A rc
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