Estar + Past ParticipleEstar + Past Participle

Estar + Past ParticipleEstar + Past Participle

Many adjectives in Spanish are actually Many adjectives in Spanish are actually PAST PARTICIPLES of verbs.PAST PARTICIPLES of verbs.Recall that Recall that to form the past participle of a to form the past participle of a verb in Spanish, you add verb in Spanish, you add -ado-ado to the stem to the stem of of -ar-ar verbs and verbs and -ido-ido to the stem of most to the stem of most -er/-ir-er/-ir verbs. verbs.decorardecorarconocerconocerpreferirpreferir

decoradoconocidopreferido

Estar + Past ParticipleEstar + Past Participle

The past participle is frequently used with The past participle is frequently used with estar to describe CONDITIONS that are estar to describe CONDITIONS that are the result of a previous action. In those the result of a previous action. In those cases, the past participle agrees with the cases, the past participle agrees with the subject in gender and number.subject in gender and number.

El pintor El pintor está sentadoestá sentado..

Las paredes Las paredes estaban pintadasestaban pintadas..

Estar + Past ParticipleEstar + Past Participle

Some verbs have irregular Some verbs have irregular past participles.past participles.

Memorize this acronym:Memorize this acronym:

DR CHAP MR FEVVDR CHAP MR FEVV

DD decirdecir

RR romperromper

CC cubrircubrir

HH hacerhacer

AA abrirabrir

PP ponerponer

MM morirmorir

RR resolverresolver

FF freirfreir

EE escribirescribir

VV verver

VV volvervolver

dichodicho

rotoroto

cubiertocubierto

hechohecho

abiertoabierto

puestopuesto

MuertoMuerto

ResueltoResuelto

FritoFrito

EscritoEscrito

VistoVisto

vueltovuelto

How is it used? The past participle translates to “ed” How is it used? The past participle translates to “ed” or “en” in English.or “en” in English.

Look at these examples:Look at these examples:• La obra de arte La obra de arte está pintada está pintada por el estudiante.por el estudiante.

The work of art The work of art is painted is painted by the student.by the student.

(Notice that (Notice that “pintada” describes “pintada” describes and agrees in and agrees in gender and number with “la obra”gender and number with “la obra”

• El estudianteEl estudiante pintó pintó la obra de arte.la obra de arte.

The student painted the work of art. (completed The student painted the work of art. (completed action-preterite)action-preterite)

• El estudiante El estudiante pintabapintaba la obra cuando el profesor la obra cuando el profesor lo llamó.lo llamó.

The student was painting the work of art…The student was painting the work of art…