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A cloud-based modeling framework for complex advanced power systems Dr. Mark Bryden Simulation, Modeling, & Decision Science AMES LABORATORY
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Page 1: ETAP - ECS presentation

A cloud-based modeling framework for complex advanced power systems

Dr. Mark Bryden

Simulation, Modeling, & Decision Science AMES LABORATORY

Page 2: ETAP - ECS presentation

https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004000/a004019/S_N_europe.0001.jpg

Energy and environmental challenges

Increasing energy use

Increasing impact on the environment

Increasing resource scarcity

Page 3: ETAP - ECS presentation

Holistic solutions are needed

Interactions between

Engineered, human, and natural systems

are confounded by complexity

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New modeling approaches are needed

Today we cannot model the richness, fullness, or complexity of engineered, human, or natural systems.

Page 5: ETAP - ECS presentation

The Challenge

Many different models • No uniform, active storage space • Not readily accessible, citable, or maintained • Hard to locate and use existing code

Codes do not work together • Systems models use codes specifically built for them • Hard to use existing codes in a new systems model • Clunky

Systems modeling often lacks fidelity and granularity • Algebraic expression, ODEs, reduced-order models • Averaging and message passing

Page 6: ETAP - ECS presentation

Modeling and the Design Process Today

Problem Definition

Conceptual Design

Preliminary Design

Detailed Design

Validation & Verification

Final Design Selection & Production

Engineering Design

Conceptual SystemModels

Preliminary System Models

Detailed “Spot” Models

S Suram and KM Bryden, Advances in Engineering Software, 90:169-182 (2015)

Page 7: ETAP - ECS presentation

Proposed Design Process

Problem Definition

Conceptual Design

Preliminary Design

Detailed Design

Validation & Verification

Final Design Selection & Production

Engineering Design

Systems Modeling Analysis is preserved as a part of the product

Page 8: ETAP - ECS presentation

Project Objectives

Demonstrate the framework and tools needed to create detailed systems models based on reusable, accessible models that enable policy, engineering, and operational decisions for advanced fossil energy systems.

This requires the development of • Web enabled information objects • Federated model sets • User interaction tools

Page 9: ETAP - ECS presentation

Hyper

• Current - a hybrid fuel cell and gas turbine system • Goal - test the dynamic performance of any advanced power system that

includes a gas turbine cycle

Page 10: ETAP - ECS presentation

Hyper: CSP - Fossil Hybrid

Page 11: ETAP - ECS presentation

PDT 158

Air

Exhaust

Air Plenum V-301

Post Combustor

V-304

Load Bank E-105

F, T, P

Q!

Fuel Valve Model

Natural Gas

PT-151

C-100 T-101

TE-147

PT-116TE-112

FE-110

E-001FE-162

E-300

E-305

Generator G-102

TE-326

Fuel Cell Simulator

V-302

FE-380

ST-502

PT-305

FV-432A

FV-170

FV-162

FV-380

%

CSP Model

LHV Natural Gas

Pressure

Incident Sunlight

Thermal Energy Storage Model

TE-333

TE-350 PT-180

Hot Air Bypass

Cold Air Bypass

Bleed Air Bypass

F, T, P

Natural Gas

FV-432B

Control Algorithm

dtdP

TE-235

PT-236

Bottoming Cycle

F, T, P

Page 12: ETAP - ECS presentation

Three questions

• Why can’t we integrate analysis into engineering decision making on-the-fly?

• Why isn’t engineering analysis like a game?

• Why do we continually make new models?

Page 13: ETAP - ECS presentation

Federated Modeling

ontological and semantic independence

mod

el a

uton

omy

low high

low

high

federated model sets(autonomous models

with peer-to-peer controls)

composite models(one code with scripting)

unified models(frameworks with normalized

semantics)

centralized models(one code with unified schema)

Page 14: ETAP - ECS presentation

Approach

Federationschema

inputs outputs

Model A … Model C … Model E … Duplicate Model F … Model G … End duplicate

Cloud

Model A

Model B

Model C

Model D

Model E

Model F

Library

Federation management system

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University 10

Modeling strategy

High fidelity input data

Empirical and mechanistic simulation

Userinterface

K. M. Bryden, Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software (2014).

Page 15: ETAP - ECS presentation

What’s needed

Cloud-based information objectsModels

Federated modelsCloud-based information objects

Engineering decisionsFederated models

Page 16: ETAP - ECS presentation

Work flow

Library

Systems Modelers

Federationschema

inputs outputs

Model A … Model C … Model E … Duplicate Model F … Model G … End duplicate

Federation management system

Users

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University 10

Modeling strategy

High fidelity input data

Empirical and mechanistic simulation

Userinterface

Analysts

Cloud

Model A

Model B

Model C

Model D

Model E

Model F

Page 17: ETAP - ECS presentation

Federationschema

inputs outputs

Model A … Model C … Model E … Duplicate Model F … Model G … End duplicate

Library

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University 10

Modeling strategy

High fidelity input data

Empirical and mechanistic simulation

Userinterface

Components and information flow

Cloud

Model A

Model B

Model C

Model D

Model E

Model F

… Federation management system

Page 18: ETAP - ECS presentation

Federationschema

inputs outputs

Model A … Model C … Model E … Duplicate Model F … Model G … End duplicate

Library

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University 10

Modeling strategy

High fidelity input data

Empirical and mechanistic simulation

Userinterface

Components and information flow

Cloud

Model A

Model B

Model C

Model D

Model E

Model F

… Federation management system

Page 19: ETAP - ECS presentation

User experience

Model C1Model A Model E

Model C2

Systems Model

Query

Modify

Explore

Page 20: ETAP - ECS presentation

Stateless modeling

Model A

Each request is treated as an independent request • communication is an independent set of a request and

a response• no session information is retained• the code has no knowledge of the actions of other

codes within the federation• each member of the federation performs a specific

task• models are reusable for other analysis• models can be strung together like beads on a

complex weaving

Global variables

in

Global variables

out

Page 21: ETAP - ECS presentation

App implementation (microservices architecture)

Web application

Traffic data from predictive model

Weather data from weather model

Public event data service

User

Back end (server based) • extract relevant data from microservice responses• use in system model• provide needed info to front end

Front end

Micro services

User

Page 22: ETAP - ECS presentation

Properties of a microservices architecture

• independently deployable

• easy assembly of various models and information sources

• models can be implemented using different programming languages, databases, hardware, and software environments

• direct replacement of a federation member can be performed without disruption to other members or the federation

• microservices perform (provide) one task only

• microservices are reusable

Page 23: ETAP - ECS presentation

FMS - model interaction

Initialization

Closeout

Wait

Initialization

Closeout

Initial State

Computation

Final State

Persistent memory

Persistent memory

Cache memory

ModelFMS

Page 24: ETAP - ECS presentation

Model space architecture

Model CModel A Model E

Federation Management SystemSystems Model

Model Space

Data Access Layer

Cloud Platform

Page 25: ETAP - ECS presentation

Small cookstove model

Secondary Air

Primary Air

ConvectiveHeat Transfer Zone

Flame ZoneGas Phase Combustion,Pollutant Formation

Fuel bed ZoneDrying,Pyrolysis, Char Combustion

Air Flow =Buoyancy

-Friction

Air + Combustion Products

ConductionConvectionRadiation

Air Flow

Mesh Packed bed Flame Heat

transfer Air flow L2 norm Check

Page 26: ETAP - ECS presentation

Update and increase the detail as needed

Mesh Packed bed Flame Heat

transfer Air flow Check

CFDModel

2D bed model

Page 27: ETAP - ECS presentation

Design questions

• What is the tradeoff between cost, acceptance, and impact for a particular geometry change to an energy technology?

• How do I maximize the impact of the energy system?

• If I change materials what will be impact of the on the environment and the people?

Page 28: ETAP - ECS presentation

Systems level design

Local End Use Data

Local Device Data

Local Fuel Data

Local demo- &

geo-graphic

Data

Capital Cost

Energy Consumed

& Delivered

Climate

Health

Fuel and Time cost

LCA Software

Implem-entation

Oppor-tunity Cost

Operating Cost

Incre-mental Cost

Program Data

Rebound

Displacement

User Selection of Device/Use

Scenarios

Social

Secondary Air

Primary Air

ConvectiveHeat Transfer Zone

Flame ZoneGas Phase Combustion,Pollutant Formation

Fuel bed ZoneDrying,Pyrolysis, Char Combustion

Air Flow =Buoyancy

-Friction

Air + Combustion Products

ConductionConvectionRadiation

Air Flow

Components • Cookstoves• Solar hot

water• Lights

Village Energy Model • Rebound• Climate impacts• User acceptance

Agronomic Model • Erosion• Fertility• Crop yield

+ +

Page 29: ETAP - ECS presentation

Systems modeling

Current Practice Proposed

Software Libraries Web-enabled microservices

Language Specific (overcome with cross-compilers) Agnostic

Integration Cost High Low

Data re-use Not implicit Implicit

Latency Designed to be low Can be higher (needs to be addressed)

Page 30: ETAP - ECS presentation

Work Plan

Models to cloud-based information objects

Federated modeling tools

User interaction tools

Page 31: ETAP - ECS presentation

Progress

Models to cloud-based information objects • Complete establishing a separable model set for the NETL Hyper

facility • Developed and implemented the needed linking schema for a simple

energy problem • Outlined the schema needed to link models together using a peer-to-

peer ontology User interaction tools

• Chose UnityTM as the user interaction environment • Initiated development of a simple example based on “hand crafted”

connection points

Page 32: ETAP - ECS presentation

New modeling paradigm

Snap

Build

Do

Page 33: ETAP - ECS presentation

Goal

Decision making environments that integrate all the information, models, and other artifacts related to a product or process.

Page 34: ETAP - ECS presentation

Acknowledgements

U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency

and Renewable Energy U.S. Army, Armament Research, Development and

Engineering Center Deere & Co

Prof. Dan Ashlock Dr. Aaron Bryden Prof. Kris Bryden Prof. Arne Hallam Prof. Richard LeSar Prof. Tom Shih

Dan Bell Steve Corns Peter Finzell Steven Gent Gengxun Huang Nate Johnson Peter Johnson

Balu Karthikeyan Nordica MacCarty Doug McCorkle David Muth Zach Reinhart Sunil Suram Aditya Velivelli

Current and former PhD students Collaborators Major Funders

And many undergraduate and masters student researchers and our colleagues and friends in the ISU Virtual Reality Applications Center

Page 35: ETAP - ECS presentation

Contact info

Mark Bryden 515-294-3891 [email protected]


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