Body ModificationYou are imperfect permanently and inevitably flawed. And you are beautiful Amy BloomA presentation by: Mayada Aljehani, Tanya Haddadin, Patricia Harding, Sareen Melikian & Mary Thompson

IntroductionBody Dismorphic Disorder Limbs Body Art in the World of Tattooing Bariatric Weight Loss Gender Specific Modifications

Body Dismorphic Disorder

BDD is a type of mental illnesscharacterized by persistent and intrusivepreoccupations with an imagined orslight defect in one's appearance.

Ashes: Ashes to beauty,I cant see, The voices of demons blinding me, Mirror, mirror on the wallcracking, breakingAs I have the gall to peer inside your shattered truthLights out, lights outI must feel safe,Fading into the shadows from whenst I came,My calmness to claim.Icry, Ipray, I scream at themBut no solace for meWhy?Only a dream, only a dreamHope, hope, grasping at hopeLights on one day,A thought away, a thought away

Complications/ConsequencesAvoiding social situations, job duties, daily activities

High risk of developing major depression

High risk of suicide

Extensive surgical procedures

Financial burden

Ethical IssuesFirst do no harmFutility of treatment Treating non-refractory patients Amputation of Healthy Limbs Plastic Surgeons Ethical Code

Story of Jenny Lee

Body Integrity Identity Disorder Body Integrity Identity Disorder is a psychological disorder in which an individual will ask for an elective amputation. This amputation is not medically necessary, but sufferers have a desire to become amputees in order to become ideal in their own eyes.- BIID.org

Two types of BIIDSomatophreniaApotemnophilia A sexual preference to have ones limbs remove to attain arousal. The patient desires for removal of the healthy limb to be sexually satisfiedRight brain lesions that lead to left body disowner ship.Patient does not identify with the limb or feels that the limb is a part of someone elseThe limb may be treated as a separate entity

Beyond our BodiesMental ChallengesMainly the sufferer of this disorder feels that one of their limbs is almost alien and believe they won't feel whole until they are rid of it.TreatmentOCD & ADHD StimulantsRespiridal Interesting Side NoteED

Cultural Meaning?Used to be a form of punishment to criminals Necessary for congenital deformities Life saving surgeries

Ethics & Questions

Is it ethically correct to remove a limb that is a healthy and normally functioning limb? As a surgeon would you remove a normal limb? Is is culturally acceptable?

Tattooing

Bariatric Weight Loss Failure is the opportunity to begin again more intelligently-Henry Ford

What is Bariatric Surgery?Who is a candidate for bariatric surgery?What preparations need to be made before undergoing surgery?What types of bariatric surgery are available?What should be expected after the surgery is completed?Bariatric surgery is a type of weight loss procedure for individuals who are morbidly obese when diet and exercise alone fail.

Adjustable Gastric BandingGastric BypassDuodenal SwitchGastric Sleeve

Types of Bariatric Surgery

Jen Larsens StoryI was still so, so depressed, despite the fact that the one thing I thought had been ruining my life was suddenly gone. -Jen Larsen

Aaron Nunos Storyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrgtKW9nZE0

Cultural Body ModificationsDeliberate alterations made to the human body for religious reasons, aesthetics, sexual enhancement, and to display group affiliation or a rite of passage.

Multicultural Body ModificationsNeck RingsLong Neck Tribe Lip Plugs ScarificationBody Accessories Wooden Ear Discs

Westernized Body Modification

Types of Modifications

Summary of Body ModificationsPublic acceptance by which one may achieve his/her ideal gendered lookSocial implications, personal/emotional pressuresBIDThe essence of inner beauty is surpassed by outer physical appearanceMaking up for something the person is physically lacking

References"Ashes." Web log post. Behindthemaskofabuse. 9 Dec. 2012. Web. 20 May 2013."Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) and Cosmetic Surgery." Web log post. OCD Center of LosAngeles. N.p., 8 Jan. 2010. Web. 21 May 2013."Body Modification Experience | Cracked.com." Cracked.com. Ed. Leaf27. Cracked, n.d. Web. 29 May 2013.Eddie. "Wild And Extreme Body Modifications." Unfinished Man. Unfinished Man, 13 Dec. 2010. Web. 29 May 2013.Guthmann, Edward, and Chronicle Staff Writer. "More Men Turning to Implants for Chests of Gold." SFGate. N.p., 20 Jan. 2008. Web. 29 May 2013.Hagen, Michael. "Ethics of Treating Patients with Disorders of Body Image." The Journal of Bioethics in Tajikistan 1.1 (2011): Ethics of Treating Patients with Disorders of Body Image. July 2011. Web. 24 May 2013.Quigley, Rachel. "Mother's Heartbreak after 'beautiful' Son, 24, Kills Himself after Years Sufferingfrom Rare Disorder That Made Him Think He Was Ugly." Mail Online. 30 May 2012. Web. 22 May 2013.Staff, Mayo Clinic. "Body Dismorphic Disorder." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 09 May 2013. Web. 21 May 2013.

ReferencesPhilips, Sean. "Dont Call It a Comeback. Ive Been Here for Years.." BME Tattoo Piercing and Body Modification News. N.p., 27 May 2013. Web. 29 May 2013.

*Futility of treatment

Treating non-refractory patients

Amputation of healthy limbs

Plastic surgeons ethical code

*Can be brought on by difficult and traumatic childhood experiences,****What is bariatric surgery?

Who is a candidate for bariatric surgery?

Preparations for bariatric surgery

**Neck ringsLong Neck TribeLip plugsScarificationBody accessoriesWooden Ear Discs

*The majority of more extreme modifications (amputation, genital mutilation, tongue splitting, etc.) are done for aesthetic reasons. Wanting to change the appearance/functionality of the body, for personal reasons, fall into one of the purest forms of aestheticism possible.

*Some of the body modification and body building are considered *