11/8/2011 1 Ethiopian Water Resources Potential & Development of Ethiopia B By ABITI GETANEH GEBREMESKEL [email protected], [email protected]+251116636916 Office +2511166636927 Fax +251911670313 Mobile Ministry of Water and Energy I IWW NWP October 31 st – November 4, 2011, The Netherlands Presentation outline y Country Profile y Water Resources Potentials y Current and Planned Development Programs y Water Supply y Irrigation Development y Hydropower Development y Possible Area of Cooperation
Transcript
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Ethiopian Water Resources Potential & Development of Ethiopia
Country ProfileWater Resources PotentialsCurrent and Planned Development ProgramsCu e t a d a ed eve op e t og a s
Water SupplyIrrigation DevelopmentHydropower Development
Possible Area of Cooperation
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Located in the Horn of Africa, Ethiopia is a landlocked country of some 1,104,300km2. The capital Addis Ababa lies in the central highlands at an altitude of 2,300m. (you may feel breathless). HQ for AU is also in Addis Ababa
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Current Structure of the MoWE -EthiopiaThe Ministry is divided in to two broad division (State Ministerial level)
Technical Irrigation & Drainage DevelopmentWater Supply & SanitationRiver Basins DevelopmentRiver Basins Development Transboundary & Transboundary Rivers Water Resources Information & GeoDatabase Center Ground Water DevelopmentGender Hydrology and Water Quality MonitoringR&D (Water and Energy)Alternative Energy development, promotion
Supportive ppWater sector supportPlanning, Policy and External Relation Finance and Administration Water Rights and Permission Public Relation & Information
Total of 32 Different sections/Directorates
Map of basins and sub‐basins
9 wet, 3dry
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SURFACE WATER POTENTIAL OF ETHIOPIASURFACE WATER POTENTIAL OF ETHIOPIAETHIOPIA HAS 12 RIVER BASINSETHIOPIA HAS 12 RIVER BASINS
9 Wet & 3 DryAnnual Runoff from the 9 River Basins 122BM3
(Abbay 53%, Baro Akobo 24%)(ABBAY and BARO-AKOBO CONTRIBUTE 77%)Omo-Ghibe 18%The Remaining other River Basins contributes <10%
Groundwater Potential of the country is estimated around 40 BM3Population Distribution Vs Country’s Water Potential
Basin Basin NameName TypeType SourceSource Area Area
The Nile basin (including Abbay or Blue Nile, Baro-Akobo, Setit-Tekeze/Atbara and Mereb) covers 33 percent of the country and drains the northern and central parts westwards;
The Rift Valley (including Awash, Denakil, Omo-Gibe and Central Lakes) covers 28 percent of the country;
The Shebelli-Juba basin (including Wabi-Shebelle and Genale-Dawa) covers 33 percent of the country and drains the southeastern mountains towards Somalia and the Indian Ocean;southeastern mountains towards Somalia and the Indian Ocean;
The North-East Coast (including the Ogaden and Gulf of Aden basins) covers 6 percent of the country.
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Basin ManagementStatus/ plans Current/ future issuesNeed for area/ basin approaches acknowledged – Current plans for large commercial farming, sugar and several initiatives have started by the Regional States:Growth corridor and water centered area development and integrated land use planning
In 2008 the Ethiopian parliament ratified the River Basin Proclamation – identifying twelve main basins and calling for the establishment of River Basin High Councils and Authorities
Three RBO functional (but not very strong) – three
development and hydropower and climate change discussion makes basin management very important
The need for hands-on support with focus on active water resource development – what is to be avoided is to narrow this down to the strengthening of RBOs as it is not sure whether these are more than peripheral and topheavy on activities such as monitoring and studies.
ee O u c o a (bu o e y s o g) eeothers in the pipeline – current arrangements appear unwieldy
GTP gives more priority to basin management Need to also operationalize basin management as model/ building block for international cooperation too
Ethiopian Water Sector Development Programs
Priority in Growth and Transformation PlanyMassive investment planned by GoE :
Hydro‐power: Renaissance DamHydropower: Other damsSugar developmentDeep groundwater explorationWater‐centered development of pastoralist areas
Water supply, hygiene and sanitation also important.
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…Water Resources Development Programs
W k D i tiW k D i ti Base YearBase Year
Annual TargetsAnnual Targets
Work DescriptionWork Description (2010)(2010)20112011 20122012 20132013 20142014 20152015
Rural Water Supply Rural Water Supply Coverage (%)Coverage (%)
65.865.8 7373 8080 8686 9292 100100
Urban Water Supply Urban Water Supply 91.591.5 9393 9595 9797 9999 100100Coverage (%)Coverage (%)
National Water Supply National Water Supply Coverage (%)Coverage (%)
68.568.5 7575 8181 8787 9393 100100
Non Functional Water Non Functional Water Schemes (%)Schemes (%)
Limited large scale irrigation on Awash/ AbayLand concession given out – many emerging
Drainage and irrigation designSystem management challengeg y g g
NRM/ sustainable production issuesIncrease to 1,500,000 ha in five years (GTP)then to 5,000,000 ha in 20 yrsLarge attention for ground water irrigation
y g gFarmer skillsDrainage problems
Sugar Development Plan:- Sugar production (50%) and other outputs (50%)-13 sugar factories planned
Water allocation issuesNR management issues
13 sugar factories planned-Omo: 6 Each supplied by 20-25000 ha-9 under Sugar Development Board-Forex issues
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#Y#Y#Y
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Axum
Mekele
SekotaGondar
Des sie
Adigrat
Weldiya
Enjebara
AyisaitaBahir Dar
Inda Si lase
Debre Tabor
Eritrea
Djibouti
TEKEZE
DENAKIL
MEREB
L,Tana
L. Abe
L. Afrera
D L k
L. Gamari
L. Afambia
Sudan
Maychew
Abbay R.
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Lake
Basin Boundary
RiversMain RiverRiver
International Boundary
RoadsTrunk RoadLink RoadMain Access Road
Capital CityRigional TownZonal town
Legend
Towns
Existing
Genale Dawa River BasinNot recommendedPFS recommendedRecommended for Master Plan
Wabishebele irrgationDAMIrrgation
NIL
Reservior
Tekeze River BasinDesigned
potential
Omo Gibe River Basin
Irrgation Sites
N
#Y
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Fiq
Ambo
Metu
Robe
GodeKele
Asosa
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Gimbi
Asela
Jimma
Awasa
Mizan
Dilla
Jinka
Fiche
Kemise
Jijiga
Nazret
Gidole
Shinile
Nek emte
WelkiteGambela
Hosaena
El-Kere
Dire Dawa
Degeh Bur
Kebr idahar
Asbe TeferiAddis Ababa
Debre Markos
Debre Berhan
ABBAY
AWASH
WABI SHEBELE
OGADEN
OMO GIBE
BARO AKOBO
AYSHA
L.Abaya
L. Ziway
L. Shala
L. Chamo
L. Fincha
L. Langeno
L. Koka
Dry Lake
L. Awassa
L Gedebasa
L Hartale
L Aba Samuel
Somalia
Sudan
Om
o R
. Wabe Shebele R.
Tir R.
Fafen R.
Gilo R.
Jerer R.
Da k eta R
.
Baro R.
Gojeb R.
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us R
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Wabe R.
Didesa R.
Galet i R.
Moj
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Geba R.
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Rebu R.
Gilgel Gibe R.
Ner
i R.
Muger R.
Bila
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.
Woybo R.
Kebera R.
Bers
o R.
Borkena R.
Zign
a R .
Kessem Gobele
Mena R.
8000
0012
0000
800000200000
Abbay River BasinExisting Irrigable Area
Potentional Irrgation
Under Constraction and Design
Awash River BasinDevNew
Baro River BasinPotentional Irrgation
Existing
0 70 140 210 Kilometers
1:5000000#Y#Y
#Y
Soyama
Negele
Kenya
Somalia
Uganda
GENALE DAWA
RIFT VALLY
L. TurkanaChew Bahir
O
Dawa R.
Ganal e R.
N
Awat
a
Segen R.
0 400000 800000 1200000 1600000
4000
00
400000
Fe dera l Dem o crat ic R epublic of EthiopiaM inis try of W ater & E ner gy
Water Resources Information GIS & Remote sensing Team
Scale D ate
Master Plan Studies Irrigation Sites
1:5000000
1:5000000
Hydropower Development
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Silent Features of the GR DamThe project site is located in the Benishangul GumuzThe project site is located in the Benishangul Gumuz National Regional StateApproximately 700 km from AddisIt is on the main Abbay RiverPower 5250 MW, 15130 MWHTotal duration of the project 78 monthsTotal duration of the project 78 monthsAround 44 month two unit will be operational producing 700 MW
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… continued The preparation for construction takes 1 yearS li i i th i t t f th DSalini is the main contractor for the DamElectromechanical and Hydraulic structures will be Design and installation by The national Defense Metal Engineering CorporationDam height 145 mVolume 63 Bm3 which is RD = 2X Lake Tana capacityVolume 63 Bm3, which is RD = 2X Lake Tana capacityIn terms of firm energy production it is the 1st from Africa The total cost for construction is estimated from 70 – 80 B ETB
National benefit of the dam
Sustainable power supplyFish productionCreate Job opportunities for 10,000
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Benefits to down stream countriesThe DSC are Sudan and Egyptgyp
Carbon free energy at reasonable low costFlood controlThe dam will regulated the annual flow of the river and improve the supply of water to the DSC indicating the assurance of avoidance of drought, increases productivity of irrigated agriculture in the DSCReducing the silt accumulation on the DS damsDue to the climatic conditions of the dam in the basin it will reduce the evaporation loss than the dams at Sudan and Egypt
National and down stream countries benefits
After the completion of the project the economic and political p p j ptie among east African countries will be improved
Specially the three countries people will be strong in economic relations
Water rather source of conflict to mutual cooperation
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Challenges of Water Development in Ethiopia
Challenge of securing financesChallenge of securing financesChallenge of reduce FOREX componentLack of trained manpower as per the need of the sector (not on the same rate)
Study and DesignConstructionConstruction supervisionSystem management and opertional challenge
Possible Areas of Cooperation Investment PotentialsInvestment Potentials
DevelopmentService provisions (Material Provisions and Consultancy)
Technical Cooperation Continuation of the current Activities Establishment of Basin and/or Regional Water qualityg q yLaboratories (Supply of scientific equipments, training oftechnicians expert inputs etc…)On National Fluorosis Mitigation Program
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Added Value for Intensified Water Program
Water is high priority in EthiopiaWater is high priority in EthiopiaMain contributor to economic growth and to improved livelihoods
Water is high priority in Dutch aidThere is critical mass of ongoing activities (though scattered)I i i f D h Important opportunities for Dutch water sector –Ethiopia as gateway to Water Africa
