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EU DG ECHO - DEVCO Addis MeetingAgriculture Sector Resilience
26th June ‘14
Ethiopia’s headlines
Double digit growth rates through ADLI - slowing?
Population - 90 million and growing (average age 17)
UNDP- HDI ’13 - 173 of 182
Per capita income US$500, life expectancy 55 yrs, adult literacy 40% (<10% whh) and 45% child stunting (PSNP baseline - 50% and 12% wasting)
HoA 3% population receiving 40% food aid. Malnutrition costs Ethiopia US$2.5 billion annually
Ethiopian consume 19ltrs milk, Africa 40ltrs and Europe 200ltrs
Recurrent shocks: drought, flood, conflict, volatile food prices, disease
Drought hazard frequency (1974 – 2007)
Agriculture sector
12 million farmer/ pastoral households - 95% produce and 85% employment
50 agro-ecological zones - adequate and inadequate moisture and pastoral
75% land area is dryland
MoA’s development objective: produce and sell more, nurture the environment, eliminate hunger and protect vulnerable against shocks
Agriculture 15% of budget . State Ministry flagships: AGP, SLMP, CPP and PSNP
GoE - donor funding - 60-40%
Limited integration, coordination and flexibility
Smallholder farming
85% of holdings <2ha and 40% <05ha. Requirement 2.8ha
50% holdings use fertilizer and 23% improved seed
Plots 1-4ha produce 70% cereals. Production doubled in last decade
Improved market access - road network
87% smallholders keep livestock
Soil erosion - 40 to 200 mt/ha on slopes
Vulnerable - landless, women-headed, small plots, elderly and sick
FEWSNET report 20% decline in belg in 30 years. This trend affects 1.5 million farmers
Shocks - drought, food price, flood, pest/ disease
Belg areas
Pastoral areas
2 to 3 million pastoral households
HoA livestock sales - US$ 1 billion
Trends: livestock being concentrated
rangelands: fragmentation,
invasive spp, marginalised
customary managers,
inadequate tenure
policy related challenges
emergence of large, poor
ex-pastoral community
(livestock still important)
acute malnutrition but onset of stunting
Resilience-building
Resilience - ability to bounce back after adversity or hard times, and be capable of building positively on adversity
EHCT recognises the business as usual approach is failing poor Ethiopia
DEVCO might: stress importance of livelihood-based vulnerabilities including trends, seasonality and shocks support holistic approaches linking livelihoods, basic services, DRM, social protection and capacity buildingadopt nutrition as a proxydrive learning to generate evidence that informs programmes and policy align with the PSNP - Ethiopia’s biggest resilience programme?
Photo and graphic credits:
Andy Catley, Kelly Lynch, Cathy Watson