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EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
1. ECHO’s Reg Supporting Office (RSO) - Bgkk2. ECHO’s supported interventions in SEA & Pacific
3. HFA policy – illustration at country level; few examples4. The particular caseload of Ketsana responses
5. Home work – pending tasks
V.Serrano (ECHO - RSO – Bangkok)
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
Lao PDR
Thailand
EUR 2 million (100%)Partners: WFP,
French Red Cross
EUR 11.5 million (100%)Partners: ICCO/TBBC
EUR 17.6 million (98%)Partners: WFP, ACF,Save The Children,
EMDH, Merlin
Philippines
EUR 8.15 million (76%)Partners: WFP, ICRC
EUR 2 million (80%)Partners: WFP, ACF, Oxfam
FAO, Care Netherlands
Project Activities related to Food & Livelihoods in 2008-2009
EUR 2 million (83%)Partners: Action Aid, Spanish Red Cross,
French Red Cross, Oxfam, Save the Children, DWF
Vietnam
Indonesia
East TimorEUR 220,000 (100%)
Partners: WFP
Food aid:General Food Distribution
Food Security:Seeds/Fertilizers/Tools distribution
Agricultural assets rehabilitation
(irrigation, land, pond)
Nutrition
Training/ Capacity Building
Food For Work
Cash Grants
Post harvest/ Silo construction
Fisheries
Symbol
Cash For Work
Myanmar
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
Partners: CARE, WFP,
FRC, SC
Project Activities – Typhoon Ketsana in Southeast Asia
Lao PDR
PhilippinesCambodia
Partners: FRC, SC, OXFAM, CONCERN, CARE
Symbol
Shelters & non-food items
Water, Sanitationsand Hygiene
Health care
Education
Disaster preparedness
Vietnam
Telecommunications
Logistics
Food & LivelihoodsPartners: WFP, CARE,
SC,UNICEF, HI, TSF, SRC, IOM
Partners: FRC, SC WFP,
CARE
Partners: FRC, SC,
GVC, PLAN, MI, GRC, AA
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
Project Activities related to Food & Livelihoods – Typhoon Ketsana in SEA
Cash For Work
Food aid:General Food Distribution
Food Security:Seeds/Fertilizers/Tools distribution
Agricultural assets rehabilitation
NutritionTraining/
Capacity Building Cash Grants
Symbol
Livestock distribution/Rehabilitation
WFP
CARE
FRC
SC
CONCERN
FRC
OXFAM
CARE
GRC/NLRC
FRC
MALTESER
PLAN/ WV
ACTION AID
SC
GVC
CARE-NED
WFP
SC
Eur1.62m,(54%)
Legend
EUR million, (%) = Total amount, (percentage of Food Assistance component)
Eur2.15m,(47%)
Eur3.22m,(41%)
Eur0.88m,(45%)
MEKONG:Eur 2.35m,
(60%)
EuropeAidEuropeAidBURMESE REFUGEES IN THAILAND
•Protracted (25 yrs) / forgotten / 140,000 / 9 camps
• refg. manage aid with NGOS support / confinement
• donor WG / cons. NGO / many stakeholders
• resettlement / pull factor / advocacy (GoTh) /
• many donors / ECHO: food / charcoal/ health/ water
• need solution / 5 yr strategy UNHCR + NGOs
• targeted feeding / lvh support / AUP ↑ - ECHO ↓
EuropeAidEuropeAid
Seve
rity
of Fo
od In
secu
rity
Time
Humanitarian Threshold(s)
Chronic Food Insecurity
Chronic FinSdeteriorating close to / above H thresholds without external discreet shock identifiable
NTT – INDONESIA: entry trigger
•assessments - firmly forecasted eminent crisis• absence donors / which comparative advantage
ECHO support? ≠ analysis within ECHO RSO • Gov decentralization / safety nets (RASKIN)
• challenge: targeting & appropriate responses• intense monitoring & partners sharing & advocacy
(linkage with CB FAO project)
EuropeAidEuropeAid
MYANMAR – EMERGENCY [NARGIS] & PROTRACTED
• NARGIS (delta) + protracted (country) (NRS/ethnic areas border with Thailand)
• Massive ECHO funding Nargis (now over): LRRD opportunity – LIFT (FF/FSTP) / LL internal HQ lead
• NRS: protection / stateless citizens + women status
• NRS: ECHO: food / nut (SFP + TFP) / health / DIPECHO - coordination EC instruments / how better?
(even assess.)
• ETHNIC BORDER AREAS: food (local)+ water +lvh
• Constraints: agencies access / monitoring
Bangladesh
China
Lao PDR
Thailand
Kachin
Kayah
Kayin
Chin
Sagaing
Tanintharyi
M agway
M on
Rakhine
Yangon
Shan
Ayeyarwady
M andalay Shan
Bago countrywide
AC F
TDH
AC F
WFP
UNHC R
MSF-C H
MSF-H
IC RCWFP
MSF-H
MSF-C H
WFP TDH
UNHC R
UNHC R
Food & Livelihoods
WATSAN
Health
Shelter & NFIs
Disaster Preparedness
Nutrition
Others
EuropeAidEuropeAid
PHILIPPINES IDPs [conflict] & Emergency
• Protracted [Mindanao - conflict] + emergency [Luzon - cyclones]
• Mindanao: IDPs / host families / returnees / 2 partners different
approaches: WFP + ICRC (targeting / rations / costs / source food)
• Luzon: variety instruments, eg cash (CARE, WFP: cfw – market
assessment)
• Gov driving seat: needs / targt / implem / monit. BUT ALSO: Cash
policy framrk
• ECHO: push quality proposals (assess / stakeh.an / cost / monitor.)
• Opportunity for LRRD?
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
DPRK
- No ECHO support since 2007
- Major issue: FOOD- Struct. problem (policies / won dev)
- PDS: Public distribution systems
- What’s real situation? Controversy (even among MMSS) – need FSMS
- CFSAM: Gov+FAO+WFP (food balance) - UNFPA census / MICS / papers US univ.
- other initiatives: expert sem.Brx
- AID: EC FSTP + WFP + IFRC
- FFP (food for politics?) + China’s role
EuropeAidEuropeAidMONGOLIA
•New country ECHO 4 / RSO Bgk
• DZUD: 6 million++ animals died UN Consolidated Appeal (May 10)
• Sound analysis exist
• Overstocks / overgrazing (land carrying capacity) / new policies
• “IDP” - some families migrated towns (food / water / health)
• Support herders locally (fodder / destocking / meat distribution)
• ECHO € 2 million + EC (Del China) = simultaneous funding
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
KETSANA From FS & Livelihood angle
• ECHO’s field assessment: the “w” • Q: good partner? donors’ bias? reg proj? consortia• Q: which pre-disaster situation? VULNER.: sensitivity & resilience• Q EFSA multi-ag.: why no participating?• Rural => livelihood ag support, Q but LFA used?• Food & cash & ag inputs: fertilizers + seeds & livestock (NOT NFI)• Q: Food: specialized agency?• Q: Quality? coverage & “quantity” => outcome?• Comparative advantage: previous presence (eg. DIPECHO)• Density of support • Gov role
• ECHO’s ↑monitoring (2x / 6 months) + Ket. partners mtgs (pp / minutes)
• HOME WORK - BALANCE: ECHO’s decision-making / LL /
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
CFW [NGO]
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010.
SEED
AID
Major response – emerg & recovery. Many actors & widely promoted
BUT low profile + lack critical attention, perpetuating myths, no scrutiny => repeated year after year; which positive effects?
Five predominant myths: - seed aid is needed whenever food aid is
- seed aid can do no harm- disasters wipe out seed systems - default
- effective implementation = straightforward logistical exercise - improved seed is the best form of aid
NECESSARY REFORM – TOOL - Seed Security Systems (Ass.)
EuropeAidEuropeAidIMPROVE ANALYSIS & RESPONSES
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
REINFORCING CAPACITIES & USE TOOLS
EuropeAidEuropeAid
LEARNING LESSONS? INDEED? HOW?
Every time there is a major evaluation, it states [that] emergency responses did not apply lessons from previous emergencies” - ALNAP head of learning & dev Ben Ramalingam
EuropeAidEuropeAidRegional Food Security Seminar AsiaVientiane, Laos 21st – 25th June 2010
• ALNAP 19th Biannual meeting (2006). 2 days workshop on FS “to draw out key aspects of learning, accountability & performance related to FS”
• The session on food aid was cancelled!!!
FOOD ASSIST. – YES VARIOUS TOOLS but still FOOD
FOOD AID – TO BE IMPROVED
• Targeting – redistribution• assessments [joint]
• market sensitive proposals• rations: what, qtt, qualt, when
• FFR and / or FFW
• “rice banks” / comm. saf. net • costs
• monitoring (dist&PDM) /report• Gov participat./ interference
• ECHO’s decision making