European Commission &

Euratom activities in

Radioactive Waste Management

International Conference on Geological Repositories, ICGR 2016, Paris

Euratom Treaty, 1957

DG Research and Innovation

Unit G4 – Fission Energy

Christophe Davies Project Officer

Christophe.davies@ec.europa.eu

European Union Institutions

European Commission

(28 Commission Members)

European

Parliament

European Court of

Auditors

Council of the

European Union

Committee of the

Regions

Court of Justice Economic and

Social Committee

2007

Treaties on European Union

(TEU) & Functioning (TFEU)

1957

Treaty on European Atomic

Energy Community (EURATOM)

DG ENER

Energy

Policy Research

DG DEVCO

Development

&

Cooperation

DG NEAR

Enlargement

JRC

Joint

Research

Centre

DG RTD

Research

&

Innovation

Europe,

Southern

Mediterranean

Middle-East &

Neighbour-

hood Policy

Financial

Instruments

& Regional

Programmes

EURATOM

Supply

Agency

Nuclear

Energy

Nuclear

Safeguards

Energy

(EURATOM)

Nuclear

Safety &

Security (Brussels (BE),

Karlsruhe (DE),

Petten (NL), Geel

(BE), Ispra (IT))

External support

European Commission

EURATOM

DG ENER

Energy

Policy Research

DG DEVCO

Development

&

Cooperation

DG NEAR

Enlargement

JRC

Joint

Research

Centre

DG RTD

Research

&

Innovation

Europe,

Southern

Mediterranean

Middle-East &

Neighbour-

hood Policy

Financial

Instruments

& Regional

Programmes

EURATOM

Supply

Agency

Nuclear

Energy

Nuclear

Safeguards

Energy

(EURATOM)

Nuclear

Safety &

Security (Brussels (BE),

Karlsruhe (DE),

Petten (NL), Geel

(BE), Ispra (IT))

External support

European Commission

EURATOM

DEVCO: Actions towards

third countries

Instrument for Nuclear Safety

Cooperation :

INSC II 2014-2020

Three domains: (Total Budget: 225 M€) Nuclear safety, rad. protection standards (50% & 16 m€/y)

Safeguards (10% & 3.2 m€/y)

Spent fuel & radioactive waste management (35% & 11 m€/y)

Topics: Transport, treatment, processing, storage, disposal and

decommissioning & remediation

Projects to:

• Develop capacity of regul. authorities & waste management org.;

• Develop strategy and national policy for waste & SF management;

• Develop regulatory framework for uranium mining and milling;

• Study feasibility and remediation of uranium legacy sites

• Support specific radioactive waste/spent fuel management projects

(in Ukraine and Chernobyl exclusion zone)

https://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/sectors/energy/nuclear-safety_en

Directive 2011/70/EURATOM (Responsible and Safe Management of Spent Fuel and Radioactive Waste)

• Basic requirements on EU Member States to establish national policy,

legislative, regulatory, organisational framework and a national programme

to manage all types of RW from generation to disposal

• National programme consists in:

Implementation of the policy

Timeframes, Milestones

Classification, Inventory

Concepts and Plans, etc.

Costs and Financial schemes

R&D and demonstration

Public information and participation

Monitoring and Performance indicators

International agreements

Self-assessment and Peer reviews

ENER: Policy and

Legal Instruments

Other related Directives :

- Basic Safety Standards

(2013/59)

- Shipment of RAW & SF

(2006/117)

- Nuclear Safety (2014/87)

Transposition into national legal framework (23 Aug. 2013)

• To date all MS notified full transposition

EC conformity assessment ongoing & questions under clarification with MS

National programmes (23 Aug. 2015)

• 27 programmes received (22 final), Outstanding expected end 2016 – 2017

Reports on Implementation of Nat. Prog. (1st 23 Aug. 2015 & every three years)

All 28 MS reports received

International Peer Reviews (every 10 years)

• First ARTEMIS peer review planned for 2017 (Poland and France)

• EC supports the IAEA in preparation of the ARTEMIS guidelines

EC outlook

1st report to the Council and Parliament - in preparation

EC event on lessons learned – 7-9 June 2017, Brussels (TBC)

Revision of ENSREG Guidelines on reporting – ongoing

Nuclear Illustrative Programme (PINC) – EC communication April 2016. EESC

opinion adopted on 22 September 2016. Final PINC will be issued in due time

Radioactive Waste

Directive : STATUS

Historical overview of the

Euratom Programme

1975

WM1

1st prog.

1980

WM2

2nd prog.

1985

WM3

3rd prog.

1990/94

WM4

4th prog.

1994/98

FP4

5th prog.

1998/2002

FP5

6th prog.

2002

FP6

7th prog.

2007

FP7

8th prog.

2014

Horizon 2020

9th prog.

Total

€m

€ 19m EC funding

€ 43m €62m € 73.5m € 33.5m € 32m € 47.1m € 64.6m 2014/17 =

€35.2m

€409.8

contracts / projects &

avg./ct >400

180k€/ct

>100

430k€/ct

41

820k€/ct

43

745k€/ct

24

€1,96m

26

€2,48m

5 (2014-15)

(2016-17)

13 proposals

Waste management strategies & system studies

Waste Characterisation, QA/QC, Treatment & Conditioning

Disposal (basic phenomena, Natural Analogues, Modelling & Safety Ass.t)

Repository design, URL construction, EBS, Backfilling/sealing, THMC,

Geochemistry, in situ exp.ts & demonstrations)

# reports > 1000 http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/euratom-fission/funded-

reports_en.html

http://cordis.europa.eu/fp6-euratom/lib-projects.htm

http://cordis.europa.eu/fp5-euratom/src/lib_finalreports.htm

Lists of publications 1975-2000 http://cordis.europa.eu/fp5-

euratom/src/lib_docs.htm

MIRAGE, CoCo, PAGIS, PACOMA, EVEREST, SPA, SFS, BENIPA, CHEMVAL,

Interclay, PEGASUS, MEGAS,

HADES, ASSE salt mine, KONRAD, AMELIE, TOURNEMIRE, GRIMSEL, Mont Terry,

AESPOE, ONKALO, Bure, Josef URC

NAWG (OKLO, Palmottu, El Berocal, Dunaroba…)

Governance (RISCOM, COWAM,…) COMPAS, SAPIERR, CATT

Education & Training (CETRAD, PETRUS, …)

1980 1985 1990 1996 1999 2004 2008 2013

Euratom conferences / Euradwaste

8

IGD-TP (2009) TSOs (2012) Joint Programme

(2018)

RTD: Research and

Training in RWM

BELBaR

FIRST-Nuclides (4.7 / 2.5)

NEWLANCER (EUR million 0.94 / 0.9)

CatClay (EUR million 1.55 / 0.82)

SKIN (EUR million 2.00 / 1.17)

ReCOSY (EUR million 6.2 / 3.5)

REDUPP (EUR million 1.59 / 0.93)

IPPA (EUR million 2.4 / 1.6)

InSoTec (EUR million 2.72 / 2.00)

2017

CAST (EUR million 14.4 / 4.5) 10-2013/03-2018 (54 months)

PETRUS III (EUR million 1.62 / 1.42) 36 months

TALISMAN (EUR million 5.4 / 4.00)

FORGE (EUR million 11.3 / 5.99)

PETRUS II (EUR million 1.87 / 0.8)

CROCK (EUR million 1.79 / 1.05)

EBSSYN

(1.4 / 0.79)

2016

LUCOEX (EUR million 9.35 / 4.39)

PEBS (EUR million 6.52 / 2.8)

FP7 (2007 - 2013)20142010 201320112009

Horizon 2020 (2014 - 2018)

DOPAS (15.8 / 8.7)

ACTINET-I3 (EUR million 7.68 / 3.00)

SecIGD TP (EUR million 0.55 / 0.5)

20152012

CARBOWASTE (EUR million 12.1 / 6.00)

SITEX (EUR million 1.34 / 0.95)

EU

RA

DW

AS

TE

2013

(EUR million 5.6 / 2.6)

MoDeRN (EUR million 5 / 2.8)

SecIGD2

Euratom Framework

Programme 7 (2007-2013)

Geological Disposal

IGD-TP priorities 74.6/35.5

TSOs & NewMS 2.3/1.85

Cross-cutting reactor topics

25.2/13.0

Basic research, support to SC

13.1/7.5

Gov. & Training 8.6/5.8

Total costs /EU funding (€ million) 123.8 / 63.6 Total 25 projects

RTD: Research and

Training

LUCOEX: Large Underground Concept Experiments

(2011-2015)

ANDRA – Excavation of horizontal disposal cell for HLW

packages

Auger drilling machine

LUCOEX: Large Underground Concept Experiments

(2011-2015)

NAGRA - Full scale experiment at Mont Terri

LUCOEX: Large Underground Concept Experiments

(2011-2015)

SKB – KBS- 3H Multi purpose test (MPT) at Aespoe

Deposition machine and tube

LUCOEX: Large Underground Concept Experiments

(2011-2015)

POSIVA – KBS- 3V at ONKALO

Installation machine and bentonite buffer

DOPAS: Full-scale demonstration of plugs and seals

(2012-2016)

ANDRA – FSS,

Cigeo, (Drift or

vault seal)

SKB – DOMPLU,

Aspö (tunnel plug)

EPSP, Josef Mine, CZ (plug materials

& technology)

POSIVA – POPLU,

experiment, Onkalo

STATUS

Selected projects Call topics

IGD-TP priority 1. IGD-TP priorities (GD & HLW/SF)

CEBAMA New and unconventional Fuels

Modern2020 EBS materials & Performance

MIND

2. RWM & other wastes

TSO support (unconventional, legacy & decom.ning)

SITEX II Waste Characterisation,

Treatment & Minimisation

Preparatory phase for Joint Programme Quality control and checking

JOPRAD Long-term storage safety

E&T + Socio-economic aspects 3. KM & transfer to less-advanced prog.

ANNETTE Guidance in R&D, Training material

HoNEST S-o-A in S/T

Method for transfer (Kdge, Comp. & Tech)

Horizon 2020 - Euratom (2014 - 2018) WP 2014 / 2015 WP 2016 / 2017 2018

Costs 22.6 €M / EU 16.3

Costs 6.23 €M / EU 5.56

EU budget 18.89 €M

Euratom FP Horizon 2020

(2014-2018)

STATUS

Call deadline Project start

Selected projects 05 Oct. 2016 June 2017

IGD-TP priority 1. IGD-TP priorities (GD & HLW/SF)

CEBAMA New and unconventional Fuels

Modern2020 EBS materials & Performance

MIND

2. RWM & other wastes

TSO support (unconventional, legacy & decom.ning)

SITEX II Waste Characterisation,

Treatment & Minimisation

Preparatory phase for Joint Programme Quality control and checking

JOPRAD Long-term storage safety

E&T + Socio-economic aspects 3. KM & transfer to less-advanced prog.

ANNETTE Guidance in R&D, Training material

HoNEST S-o-A in S/T

Method for transfer (Kdge, Comp. & Tech)

Horizon 2020 - Euratom (2014 - 2018) WP 2014 / 2015 WP 2016 / 2017 2018

Costs 22.6 €M / EU 16.3

Costs 6.23 €M / EU 5.56

EU budget 18.89 €M

Euratom FP Horizon 2020

(2014-2018)

13 proposals

Total eligible costs 36.34 €M

Requested grant 33.38 €M

Step change in EC method to fund research

in radioactive waste management

Switch funding from individual projects to a

Joint Programme (research and knowledge

management) between MSs programmes

To make further step in collaboration,

coordination and integration on R&D across

Member States (MS)

Why

Joint Programming

of MS Res. Prog.

17

Objective

Towards Joint Programme co-fund with MS 's :

Preparatory JOPRAD project

Work in progress: MS's Joint Programme Vision,

Common Strategic Research Agenda and IKMS, between MS 's WMOs, TSOs, Research Entities & Waste producers

Governing rules, Implementation mechanisms &

Deployment strategy,

Programme document, (end 2017)

Milestone workshop with MS

4th April 2016, London

Discuss a programme document

http://www.joprad.eu/news-events.html

Summary and conclusions

Widespread and long lasting activities of the European Commission

and Euratom programmes in nuclear fission, including radioactive

waste management and disposal since 1975

Support addressed to EU Members States, associated countries and

third countries

Recent Euratom R&T programmes have concentrated on

implementation-oriented RD&D & remaining aspects for Geological

Disposal

Knowledge is now considered globally sufficient to achieve IGD-TP's

vision of the 1st geological repositories by 2025 and licenses has

been granted in FI (2015) & good progress in SE (2016)

The Commission is now aiming at funding a Joint Programme of

research between the EU Member States & covering: Operational

R&D Needs, Prospective / Long-term R&D and Horizontal Activities 19

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Project acronym and title Key technical activities Coordinator /

no. partners Start date

& duration

Total cost /

EU funding

JOPRAD – Towards a Joint

Programming (JP) on Radioactive

Waste Disposal

To study options for Joint Programming

between national research programmes.

ANDRA (FR)

10 partners

(5 countries)

June 2015

30 months

€1,78M /

€1.1M

CSA

SITEX-II – Sustainable network for

Independent Technical Expertise for

radioactive waste disposal – Interactions

and implementation

To develop own strategic research

agenda incl. civil society view, contribute

to JP development , guidance & training

on safety case review and prepare

framework for sustainable network

IRSN (FR)

18 partners

(11 countries +

Canada)

June 2015

30 months

€1.48M /

€1.17M

CSA

CEBAMA – Cement-based materials,

properties, evolution, barrier functions

To study processes at interface cement

materials, bentonite and host rocks and

impact on radionuclide transport and

retention properties

KIT (DE)

27 partners

(10 countries +

Japan)

June 2015

48 months

€5,95/

€3.86M

RIA (R&D)

MIND – Development of the safety case

knowledge base about the influence of

microbial processes on geological

disposal of radioactive wastes

To study the behaviour of ILW-LL waste

containing organics and the impact of

microbial processes on the performance

of HLW & SF in GD; Propose guidelines

to communicate geomicrobiological risk

SKB (SE)

15 partners

(8 countries)

June 2015

48 months

€4,71/

€4.16M

RIA (R&D)

Modern2020 – Development and

Demonstration of monitoring strategies

& technologies for geological disposal

To develop framework, strategies,

tech,gies & methods incl. civil society

view for what should be monitored and

how results & information can be used

in decion-making and responded to

ANDRA (FR)

28 partners

(12 countries +

Japan)

June 2015

48 months

€8,66/

€5.99M

RIA (R&D)

Radioactive Waste Management & Geological Disposal

Project acronym and title Key technical activities Coordinator /

no. partners Start date

& duration

Total cost /

EU funding

ANNETTE – Advanced Networking for

Nuclear Education and Training and

Transfer of Expertise

European Master Programme in Nuclear

Science &Technology, Vocational E&T,

applying ECTS, ECVET in all nuclear fields

(links with SNE-TP, IGD-TP, MELODI, EHRO-N,

NUGENIA, EUTERP, HERCA and IAEA )

ENEN

Association (FR)

27 partners

(12 countries)

Jan.2016

48 months

€3.18M /

€2.51M

CSA

HoNEST – History of Nuclear Energy

and Society

To analyse, document & improve

knowledge & understanding of factors

which influenced successes and failures of

developments of nuclear energy & other

applications including the mechanisms of

societal engagement with nuclear energy

UNIV. POMPEU

FABRA (ES)

24 partners

(12 countries)

Sept. 2015

36 months

€3.05M /

€3.05M

RIA (R&D)

Competence development & Socio-economic aspects

International cooperation : beyond EU Member States

Participation by : Any legal entity, regardless of its place of establishment, or

international organisation

Funding possible for : Legal entities in a EU Member State or associated country,

Switzerland and Ukraine (if ratification before signature of project Grant Agreements in 2017)

Example of Co-funding Mechanism EU-China for : Joint res. & Innovation projects

Fund provided by Chinese Ministry for Science & Technology (MOST) for Chinese participants in Horizon 2020 projects

http://ec.europa.eu/research/iscp/index.cfm?pg=china

http://most.gov.cn/mostinfo/xinxifenlei/fgzc/gfxwj/gfxwj2015/201512/t20151216_122975.htm