EUROPEANCOMMISSION

Infrastructure Development

Bridging the National & International Levels:

The Euratom Experience and expertise

Sotiris Synetos, Euratom Safeguards

IAEA Technical Meeting on Infrastructure development

The Euratom Treaty

Signed at Rome in 1957

One of the founding EU treaties

Formal name is the European Atomic Energy Community

The Tasks of the Euratom Community

a. promote research …………….b. establish uniform safety standards to protect the health of

workers and of the general public……………….;c. facilitate investment ……………………………………..

g. ……….. the creation of a common market in specialized materials and equipment, ……………………………………….;

h. establish relations with other countries and international organizations ……………………………

Euratom Safeguards

……..the Commission shall satisfy itself that, in the territories of Member States:

a) nuclear materials are not diverted from their declared uses

b) any obligations assumed under an agreement concluded with a third State or an international organization are complied with.

Milestones in Euratom Safeguards

1957 The Euratom Treaty

1959 Safeguards Office operational

1978 NPT Safeguards regime

2004 AP implementation commences

2010 Integrated safeguards in the 25 EU NNWS Worldwide standard: CSA +AP

Euratom safeguards in numbers

2

25

200

1000

1500

2 000 000

nuclear weapons member states

non-nuclear weapons member states

Staff-mostly Inspectors

MBAs

inspections per year

lines of a/c data per year

Declaration of Facilites

Declaration of Nuclear Materials

Provisions relating to inspections

Sanctions

The Elements of Euratom Safeguards

Euratom & IAEA – Euratom as RSAC

1977 entry into force of Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement with the IAEA INFCIRC/193

(plus INFCIRC/263 UK, INFCIRC/290 F)

2004EU Additional Protocols

The benefits of RSACs

Complement to IAEA

Facilitator for IAEA logistics, equipment, maintenance

QC of data passed to IAEA

Confidence building for its members

Which expertise can Euratom offer ?

• Legal and Regulatory framework

• Experience with integrating new member states (with and without nuclear programs)

• Experience in dealing with the IAEA requirements

• Guidance for states considering a Regional Model

• Robust accountancy system-IAEA compliant-reporting tools developed- from Ores to waste

• Obligation accountancy- to meet bilateral agreements

Which expertise can Euratom offer ?

• AP implementation-appropriate reporting tools and databases developed

• Equipment development– often together with the JRC and the IAEA-(big) customer perspective

• Training services for inspectors: opening up of in-house or JRC training- about 40 different courses

• Safeguards interfacesnuclear securityexport controlsillicit trafficking