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European Exploration
Gold - Need a sea route to Asia. Asian Spices. Gold in America
God - Spread Christianity...People = Power
Glory - Personal Glory, Celebrity status (VIP)
Why?
Inventions That Help Exploration
·Printing Press·Johannes Gutenberg·Books could be made quicker·Information and education spreads
Joint Stock Company·Business in which a group invests together·Pays for most explorations
MUSLIM INFLUENCE
AstrolabeLearn ships location byuse of the stars
CaravelTriangular sails that allow ships to sail against the wind
IMPORTANT PEOPLE
Leif Eriksson·First European to land in America·Viking, 1002·Going to Greenland - Ship blew off course·Only stayed for a few years
Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal)·Never went on a voyage·Builds observatory, school of navigation·Financed shipbuilders and map makers·Financed expeditions to Africa
Amerigo Vespucci·Spanish·Leads voyage to South America·Believes it's NOT Asia·"New World"·Map makers name new world after him
Ferdinand Magellan·Portuguese·First to circumnavigate the world·Does not survive - killed in Phillipines
Christopher Columbus·Italian, Spain finances trip·Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria·Looking for sea route to Asia·Symbolic discoverer of America
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGETrade of new items between Europe and
America
Native to America Native to Europe
TRIANGULAR TRADE
Failure to enslave the Native Americans leads to African Slaves
Spanish Empire in America
Conquistadors - Soldiers who led military expeditions in America
Hernando Cortez
·Aztecs·Vastly outnumbered·Smallpox kills 1/3 of city in 6 months
Francisco Pizarro
·Inca·Captures leader·Demands "Room full of Gold" ·Ransom paid - leader killed
New Spain·Claims all of South, Central and lower North America (except...?·Juan Ponce de Leon·Puerto Rico (San Juan)·Florida (Fountain of Youth)·Hernando de Soto·Southeast of U.S.
Treatment of Native Americans
Encomienda SystemSpanish can tax or force labor on N.A. but must protect and convert ...turned them into slaves
PlantationsLarge farms that grow only 1 crop...Need many laborers to be profitable
Mining Gold and Silver...Deadliest of jobs