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Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 1
European Initiatives in the field of Hydrogen Safety,
Regulations, Codes and Standards
Pisa, Italy, 8-10 September 2005
Angel PEREZ SAINZEuropean Commission, Directorate-General
Research Marc STEEN
Institute for EnergyEuropean Commission, Directorate-General Joint
Research Centre
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 2
Presentation outline
• EU energy policy context
• The EU Framework Programmes (FP) for Research and Technology Development
• Projects on hydrogen safety in FP5 and FP6
• European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform – H2 safety, IG-RCS
• Energy Research in FP7
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 3
The European Commission
• The European Union (EU) o a treaty-based political association of European countries
o defines and manages economic and political cooperation among its members.
o From May 1st 2004, the EU includes 25 member countries and 450 million people.
• The European Commission (EC) o the executive arm of the EU institutions and embodies the
general interests of the EU.
o proposes policies and legislation and implements the measures approved by the governments of the member states, represented in the European Council, and by the European Parliament.
o Its responsibilities include policy areas such as trade, competition, agricultural policy and economic development, but also research, public health and humanitarian aid.
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 4
EU Energy Policy Context
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 6
Public funding of H2/FC RD&D
in Europe RD&D on H2/FC activities in Europe is funded
at different levels: EU, national and regional. The main instrument for EU funding is the
RTD&D Framework Programme (FP). The overall public budget of EU, national and
regional programmes is estimated to be more than 160 Mio € per year; industry budgets are even larger.
Up to recently the EU R&D efforts were relatively dispersed, fragmented and lacking a clear overall common strategy: - Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Platform- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Coordination (HY-CO) as ERA-NET project
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 7
8 3258
145
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
FP2 FP3 FP4 FP5 FP6
EU Support to Fuel Cell and Hydrogen R&D in Framework
Programmes
275
M€
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 8
Total EC Contribution ~275 M€
FP6 Budget Breakdown for H2/FCs
H2 production
15%
H2 Storage
8%
H2 distribution
4%
Pathways and socio-
economic analysis
9%
Safety, RC&S4%
High Temperature FC -
basic research
6%
Low Temperature FC-
basic research
8%
Stationary and portable
applications
6%
Transport applications
(including FC hybrid
vehicles)
17%
Validation and
demonstration
18%
JRC
5%
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 9
Main dedicated projects on
H2 safety & RCS in FP5
ProjectCoordinator
Duration(months)
EC funding
Emphasis
EIHP2 LBST(B)36(finished)
~ 2.3 M€
Input for RCS at EU and global level - safe development of H2 vehicles on roads - refuelling station
ELEDRIVE AVERE (B)36 (finished)
~ 0.7 M€
To create synergies at EU level to accelerate the deployment of FC vehicles, including recommendations for legislation and
standardisation
FCTESTNET* VDI(D)/JRC
36(about to finish)
~ 2.5 M€Development and harmonisation of FC testing protocols
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 10
Main dedicated projects on H2 safety &
RCS in FP6Project Coordinator
Duration (months)
EC funding Emphasis
HYSAFE * FZK (DE) 36 (on- going)
~ 7.0 M€
- I ntegration of knowledge on H2 safety in Europe
- Research to support the safe introduction of H2 technologies
HARMONHY * AVERE(B) 12 (on- going)
~ 0.5 M€ Gap analysis and Road map for
RCS global harmonisation
HYAPPROVAL **
LBST (D) 24 (about to start)
~ 1.9 M€ Handbook facilitating the
approval of hydrogen refuelling stations
FCTESTQA * ENEA(I )/ J RC
48 (under negotiation)
~ 2.5 M€* Fuel Cell Systems Testing, Safety & Quality Assurance
* submitted, ** pending submission for IPHE recognition
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 11
Consortium● 24 partners from 12 Eur.
Countries, 1 from Canada
● 12 public research organisations, 7 industrial partners, 5 universities
Main Goals•Contribute to a safe transition to a sustainable development in Europe by facilitating the safe introduction of hydrogen technologies / applications
•Strengthen and focus, integrate fragmented research on hydrogen safety competitive scientific and industrial community
NoE qualifiers•Lasting integration of R&D
capacities•Long-term, multidisciplinary
objectives•….
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 13
Distribution Fires andExplosions
Mitigation RiskAnalysis
RC&S
Production
Transport
Refuelling
Other Vehicles
Portables
Street Vehicles
Application
Risk Control
HySafe – Action Plan on H2 safety
Outcome:• Experimental databases for hydrogen safety
analyses • Validated analytical and numerical tools for
assessment of safety • Experimentally validated mitigation techniques
and safety devices • Innovative hydrogen mitigation technologies• Methodologies for risk evaluation• Improved technical culture to handle hydrogen as
an energy carrier• Inputs to European/global regulatory and
standardization activities
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 15
HFP
CEN
StorHy
Zeroregio
NATURALHY
HySafe links with other initiatives
NorthAmerica
JapanRussia
ISO IEA
HyApproval CUTE etc…
IPHE
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 21
JRC efforts on hydrogen safety
•high pressure gas storage
•solid state & hybrid storage
•sensor testing•safety modelling
• Own R&D projects in networking mode with EU-projects and stakeholders
• Feed-in to RCS• International outreach: IPHE RCS, IEA Task 19 • Security aspects
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 22
Numerical modelling of accident scenarios (gas release and distribution, explosions)
NON-NUCLEARNUCLEAR
Hydrogen accidents in:
Nuclear reactors
Tunnels and urban streets
Refuelling stations
Pipelines
application to
H2SOURCE
TERM
GAS DISTRIBUTION
cloud formation
influence wind
stratification
(mitigation techniques)
GAS EXPLOSIONS
laminar flame
turbulent acceleration
detonation
(damage predictions)
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 23
EU Harmonisation of Risk Assessment for Different H2 Applications
• to contribute to development of pre-normative guidelines for determination of safety distances and hazardous zones, and input to regulatory issues.
• to include the hydrogen dimension into an EU-wide consistent comparison of risk information and risk communication (Energy Risks Monitor (ERMON))
EU Hydrogen Incident and Accident Database (HIAD)
• a classical "lessons learnt from accidents" type of database does not work for the case of HIAD
• to collect information on H2 related events from open sources, and provide easily accessible, reliable and unbiased information on incidents/accidents
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 26
SRA Foundation document
- The SRA recommends a prioritised, 10-year research programme, a medium-term strategy up to 2030 and a long-term strategic outlook up to 2050.
- Safety is considered as a very
important issue to be part in all R&D efforts - it is treated as “cross-cutting” to all applications and technologies
- Specific safety R&D needs are also identified.
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 27
Specific R&D needs from SRA on Hydrogen Safety
1. Safety monitoring including sensors 2. Hydrogen leakage detection in CGH2 systems3. Core components for refuelling stations 4. Novel materials, safety studies for metal hydride
storage 5. “Fail-safe” methods to handle hydrogen boil-off 6. Risk assessment and design of components 7. Computational tools for safety studies 8. Evaluation of social impacts (potential poor safety
perception of H2)
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 28
Technology Platform recommendations H2 safety and
RCSThe H2/FC Technology Platform has produced a preliminary action plan to address the R&D needs identified in the SRA to establish a EU harmonised standardisation and regulatory
framework for the safe operation of hydrogen & fuel cell systems,
with the following main steps: develop handbooks/codes of best practice for the safe introduction
of H2 establish a formal process / task force for assessing due diligence
as regards safe use of hydrogen in projects, especially demonstration actions
assimilate and structure knowledge from pre-normative research, safety dedicated projects and demonstration activities
enhance international co-operation to secure globally compatible infrastructure and equipment
Key EU projects of international added value are being recognised by IPHE for potential collaboration
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 29
Research related to hydrogen safety will be implemented under the following topics:
Research to develop permitting guides for the installation of stationary H2/FC systems, to remove non-technical barriers and safety barriers
Enhancement of int’l cooperation dimension of running
FP6 H2/FC related projects, to stimulate cooperation and exchange through IPHE framework
NOTE: call to be officially opened end of September
Call FP6-2004-Energy-4
M-L research activities
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 32
Hydrogen and fuel cellsHydrogen and fuel cells
Renewable electricity generationRenewable electricity generation
Renewable fuel productionRenewable fuel production
CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero
emission power generation
CO2 capture and storage technologies for zero
emission power generation
Smart energy networksSmart energy networks
Energy savings and energy efficiency
Energy savings and energy efficiency
Knowledge for energy policy makingKnowledge for energy policy making
Clean coal technologiesClean coal technologies
Renewables for heating and cooling
Renewables for heating and cooling
FP 7Proposed Priority Topics in Energy
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 33
FP7 proposes concept of a Joint Technology Initiative (JTI) for
H2/FC Public-Private-Partnership with an appropriate
legal, governance and management structure – leveraging funding from various sources
Strong industrial participation in shared management of integrated RTD and demonstration activities, based on the research and deployment strategies developed in the Technology Platform
Supporting a European Energy Research Area Developing outreach at international level Capitalising on results of FP5 and FP6
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 34
From Technology Platform to Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)
I
UK
NL
D E
SE
….
….
F
ERA-NET
EIB
Private Investment Structural
funds
NationalProgramme
s
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 35
Staying Informed
Energy Research at Europa http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/energy/index_en.html
General information on the Sixth Framework Programme http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/fp6/index_en.html
Next Call for proposalshttp://fp6.cordis.lu/fp6/calls.cfm
Energy helpdesk [email protected]
Towards FP7http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/future/index_en.html
HFP Technology Platform www.HFPeurope.org
Joint Research Centre http://jrc.cec.eu.int
JRC Institute for Energyhttp://ie.jrc.cec.eu.int
Sustainable Energy Systems Int’l H2 Safety Conf, Pisa, Italy, 8-10 Sep. 2005 36
THANK YOU !!!