Evaluation of a Standardized Micro Evaluation of a Standardized Micro - - Vacuum Sampling Method for Vacuum Sampling Method for Collection of Surface Dust Collection of Surface Dust Kevin Ashley, Kevin Ashley, 1 1 Greg Applegate, Greg Applegate, 1,2 1,2 Tami Wise, Tami Wise, 1 1 Joe Fernback Joe Fernback 1 1 and Mike Goldcamp and Mike Goldcamp 2 2 1 1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute f Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute f or or Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 2 2 Wilmington College, Department of Chemistry, Wilmington, Ohio Wilmington College, Department of Chemistry, Wilmington, Ohio
Transcript
Evaluation of a Standardized MicroEvaluation of a Standardized Micro--Vacuum Sampling Method for Vacuum Sampling Method for
Collection of Surface DustCollection of Surface Dust
Kevin Ashley,Kevin Ashley,11 Greg Applegate,Greg Applegate,1,21,2 Tami Wise,Tami Wise,11
Joe FernbackJoe Fernback11 and Mike Goldcampand Mike Goldcamp22
11Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute fCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for or Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OhioOccupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio
22Wilmington College, Department of Chemistry, Wilmington, OhioWilmington College, Department of Chemistry, Wilmington, Ohio
DisclaimersDisclaimers
Mention of company names or products does not constitute endorsement by the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention.
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute
Surface sampling by microSurface sampling by micro--vacuum techniquevacuum techniqueEvaluation of method by gravimetric analysisEvaluation of method by gravimetric analysisNumerous representative substrates testedNumerous representative substrates testedPerformance data for standardized methodPerformance data for standardized method
Surface sampling of beryllium:Surface sampling of beryllium:
Evidence of skin sensitization by exposure to Evidence of skin sensitization by exposure to beryllium particlesberyllium particles
Subsequent inhalation of beryllium may lead to Subsequent inhalation of beryllium may lead to chronic beryllium disease (CBD)chronic beryllium disease (CBD)
Assess potential exposures to beryllium on Assess potential exposures to beryllium on surfaces from sampling and analysis datasurfaces from sampling and analysis data
Surface Sampling Surface Sampling -- MetalsMetals
Use to estimate surface contamination of Use to estimate surface contamination of (for example):(for example):
Surface Sampling TechniquesSurface Sampling TechniquesWipe samplingWipe samplingWidely used for smooth / hard surfacesWidely used for smooth / hard surfacesApplication to rough / porous surfaces questionableApplication to rough / porous surfaces questionableCollection medium may be a factor in subsequent analysisCollection medium may be a factor in subsequent analysis
Vacuum samplingVacuum samplingAlternative to wipe samplingAlternative to wipe samplingConsider substrate to be sampledConsider substrate to be sampledMicroMicro--vacvac performance data previously unavailableperformance data previously unavailable
National Technology Transfer and National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (NTTAA)Advancement Act of 1995 (NTTAA)
Public Law 104Public Law 104--113 (enacted 1996); directs 113 (enacted 1996); directs federal agencies to:federal agencies to:
(A) Use voluntary consensus standards in lieu of (A) Use voluntary consensus standards in lieu of inin--house procedureshouse procedures
(B) Participate in the development of relevant (B) Participate in the development of relevant voluntary consensus standardsvoluntary consensus standards
Wipe Sampling StandardWipe Sampling Standard
ASTM International voluntary ASTM International voluntary consensus standardconsensus standard::
ASTM D6966, ASTM D6966, Standard Practice for Collection Standard Practice for Collection of Settled Dust using Wipe of Settled Dust using Wipe Sampling Methods for Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determination of Subsequent Determination of MetalsMetals
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM):Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM):
SRM 1579: ~1 SRM 1579: ~1 µµm to > 100 m to > 100 µµmmIndividual particles & aggregates of widely Individual particles & aggregates of widely varying sizevarying size
SRM 1648:SRM 1648: ~1 ~1 µµm tom to ~25~25 µµmmFinely divided particles; less aggregationFinely divided particles; less aggregation
SRM 2583:SRM 2583: ~2 ~2 µµm tom to ~75~75 µµmmIndividual particles predominant; very little Individual particles predominant; very little aggregationaggregation
MicroMicro--vacuum sampling vacuum sampling –– Cassette plus Cassette plus collection nozzles (soft / rough surfaces)collection nozzles (soft / rough surfaces)
MicroMicro--vacuum sampler: Recommended design vacuum sampler: Recommended design improvements? (e.g., Creek et al., JEM 2006)improvements? (e.g., Creek et al., JEM 2006)
1.1. Incorporate collection nozzle in with Incorporate collection nozzle in with cassette, weigh entire contentscassette, weigh entire contents
2.2. Use conductive collection nozzle (reduce Use conductive collection nozzle (reduce static effects), analyze cassette contentsstatic effects), analyze cassette contents
3.3. Use highUse high--volume sampling pump to volume sampling pump to increase pickincrease pick--up efficiencyup efficiency
SummarySummaryFocus here has been on available Focus here has been on available voluntary voluntary
consensus standardsconsensus standards for sampling of for sampling of metals on surfaces, esp. evaluation of the metals on surfaces, esp. evaluation of the micromicro--vacuum collection method.vacuum collection method.
Performance data intended to support the Performance data intended to support the consensus microconsensus micro--vacuum standard.vacuum standard.““DesignDesign--basedbased”” procedureprocedure
Improvements possible, but performance Improvements possible, but performance data needed for modificationsdata needed for modifications
ASTM International Conference on ASTM International Conference on Surface Sampling MethodsSurface Sampling Methods
Kathy Creek & Gary Whitney, Los Alamos N. L.Kathy Creek & Gary Whitney, Los Alamos N. L.Elton Hewitt, Fluor HanfordElton Hewitt, Fluor HanfordGeoff Geoff BraybrookeBraybrooke, US Army CHPPM, US Army CHPPMMike Mike BrissonBrisson, Washington Savannah River Co., Washington Savannah River Co.KennKenn White, AIHA FellowWhite, AIHA Fellow
CDC/NIOSH:CDC/NIOSH:Martin Harper, Rob Martin Harper, Rob McCleeryMcCleery, Ken Martinez, , Ken Martinez, Doug Evans, Gene KennedyDoug Evans, Gene Kennedy
